1、返回导航Unit 1 Festivals around the world Section Learning about Language返回导航1 语法精讲 2 自主预习 4 巩固提升 5 课 时 作 业 3 合作探究 返回导航语 法 精 讲返回导航情态动词()返回导航自 主 预 习返回导航根据句意观察思考下列各句中情态动词的意义。Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather，planting inspring and harvest in autumn.(指“_”)At that time people wou
2、ld starve if food was difficult to find，especiallyduring the cold winter months.(指“_”)Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors，whomight return either to help or to do harm.(表示“_”)They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead theancestors ba
3、ck to earth.(表示“_”)过去常常 过去将要 猜测 将要做 返回导航Festivals can also be held to honour famous people.(表示“_”)Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events.(表示“理论上或习惯上的_”)At the Spring Festival in China，people eat dumplings，fish and meat andmay give children lucky money in red paper.(表示“_”)允许 可能性
4、许可 返回导航合 作 探 究返回导航一、情态动词的定义情态动词表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度，表示“需要”“可以”“应该”等意义。情态动词有以下特征：1不能单独作谓语，除ought to和used to以外，后面只能接不带to的不定式。2没有人称和数的变化。但有些情态动词，如：can，will，dare有一般现在时和过去时的变化。3情态动词的“时态”形式并不是区分时间的主要标志，很多情况下，情态动词的现在时形式和过去时形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间或将来时间。返回导航二、情态动词的基本用法(一)can与could的用法1表示能力(could是过去式)。The cle
5、ver student can solve such difficult problems in a short time.这位聪明的学生能够在很短的时间内解决这样难的问题。When she was 8 years old，she could play the piano very well.当她八岁时，她能很好地弹钢琴。返回导航2表示猜测“可能”，一般用于疑问句和否定句(could是过去式)。Can the lady over there be our boss?在那儿的那位女士可能是我们的老板吗？It cant be her.I saw her in the office just now
6、.不可能是她。我刚刚在办公室里看到她了。My glasses arent here.Where can I have put them?我的眼镜不在这里。我可能把它们放哪儿呢？返回导航3表示请求允许或允许，常用于第一人称或第二人称。Can/Could I use your mobile phone？(请求允许)我可以用一下你的手机吗？Of course，you can.(表示允许)当然可以。返回导航(1)在请求允许时，could比can语气更为委婉，没有时态、意义上的区别。(2)表示允许某人做某事时，用can而不用could。(3)can表示惊异、怀疑或不相信的态度，主要用于疑问句或否定句。H
7、ow can you be so rude?你怎么能这么粗鲁？返回导航After many years hard work，he was able to achieve his goal.数年的努力之后，他(能够)实现了自己的目标。时态内涵can只有现在时和过去时指自身具有的能力be able to有更多的时态变化，可用于将来时，完成时和非谓语动词中表示经过一段时间的努力后所具有的能力，相当于 manage to do 或succeed in doing返回导航口诀记忆can/couldcan表能力和可以，否定、疑问(在否定句及疑问句中)表猜疑。could为can的过去式，语气比can更客气。
8、返回导航返回导航写出下面can的含义No one can be compared with him in playing football.表示_，意为：_Since you have finished your work，you can go home now.表 示_，意为：_Mr Bush is on time for everything.How can it be that he was late for themeeting？表示_，意为：_(2019全国卷I)Learning English as a second language can be a painfulexperie
9、nce.表_，意为：_能力 能够 许可 可以 推测 可能 推测 有时会 返回导航语法填空(2019天津卷)Their child is at the stage where she _ say individualwords but not full sentences.解析：考查情态动词。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个的字说不了完整的句子的阶段。can表示能力。can 返回导航单句完形(2018北京高考，12)In todays information age,the loss of data _cause serious problems for a company.Aneed Bshou
10、ldCcanDmust解析：考查情态动词。句意：在今天的信息时代，数据的损失能对一个公司引起严重的问题。表示能力，用can。C返回导航(二)may与might的用法1表示允许、许可。might在语气上比may更委婉。以may/might开头的问句在否定回答中要用mustnt。(2019天津卷)The teacher may require a second proposal if the first is off-topic or unclear.如果第一个离题或者不清楚老师可以要求另一个计划。May I use your telephone?我可以用你的电话吗？Yes，you may./No
11、，you mustnt.是的，可以。/不，不可以。返回导航2表示把握不大的推测，意为“可能”，用于肯定句。might语气更加不肯定，指现在或将来，只有在宾语从句中might do(be)才表示过去的可能性。(2019全国卷)For example,you may want to be a Pilot but cant becomeone because your eyesight is not good enough.例如，你可能想成为一名飞行员但是不能，因为你的视力不够好。I thought you might like something to read，so I bought some
12、books for you.我想你可能喜欢读点东西，因此我给你买了些书。3may用于祈使句表示祝愿。May you have a good journey!祝你旅行愉快！May you succeed!祝你成功！返回导航返回导航完成句子_the book out?我能将这本书带出去吗？_不，你不能。Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they_.言语不多的人未必就是害羞，他们或许就是安静的人。May I take No，you mustnt.may be quiet people 返回导航(三)will与
13、would的用法1表示意志、意愿。用于各种人称，will指现在，would指过去。I will tell you all about it.我乐意告诉你一切。She said that she would buy a car.她说她会买一辆汽车。2表示请求、建议。用于第二人称的疑问句，would表示更委婉的语气。Would you mind opening the window for me?请你为我打开窗户好吗？返回导航3表示习惯性的动作，意思是“总是，习惯于”。will指现在，would指过去。Fish will die without water.鱼离开水总是要死的。She would
14、sit there for hours watching ships.她过去总是坐在那里几个钟头看船。返回导航would表示“过去常常”，但仅表示过去的习惯性动作(不表示状态)，现在有可能还如此，也可能不再那样used to表示“过去常常”，既表示过去的动作也表示过去的状态，不过现在不再做或不再有那种状态了He would go to the park as soon as he was free.过去，他一有空就去公园。(动作反复发生，现在还有可能发生)People used to believe that the earth was flat.过去，人们总以为地球是扁平的。(表示过去的动作
15、，但现在已不再这样认为)返回导航意义匹配(A.意志、意愿；B.请求；C.自然规律)Whatever he says，I will never trust him.(_)The girl asked whether her friend would go with her to do someshopping.(_)These trees will die without air and water.(_)Would you please close the window？Its a bit cold.(_)AACB返回导航选词填空(would/used to)Beijing isnt what
16、 it _ be.Great changes have taken place in the lastten years.When we worked in the same firm several years ago，we _ oftengo to the cinema together.used to would 返回导航(四)shall与should的用法1shall的用法陈述句的第二、三人称 表示允许、警告、命令、决心、威胁等疑问句的第一、三人称表示征求对方意见陈述句的第一人称表示将来You shall have my answer tomorrow.(第二人称陈述句，表示允许)你明
17、天可以得到我的答复。返回导航He shall be punished.(第三人称陈述句，表示警告)他应受到惩罚。Shall we go to the theatre this evening？(疑问句，表示征求对方意见)我们今晚去看戏好吗？I shall go to London next month.(表示将来)下个月我将去伦敦。返回导航2should的用法(1)表示劝告或建议，作“应该”讲。As a student，you should listen to your teachers.作为一名学生，你应该听老师的话。(2019全国卷)You should reassess your goa
18、ls,and motivate yourself to seta fresh goal.你应该再评估一下自己的目标，并且使自己设立一个新目标。(2)用于推测，意为“可能；按理说应该”。If the train is on time，she should arrive in Beijing by seven.如果火车准点的话，她应该7点到达北京。返回导航意义匹配(A.应该；B.征求对方意见；C.警告；D.允诺；E.可能)You shall have it back tomorrow.(_)You shall fail if you dont work harder.(_)What shall I
19、 wear on the journey？(_)IfIdidntwritethemdown，Ishouldprobablyforgetallaboutthem.(_)You should be polite to your teachers.(_)DCBEA返回导航(五)must的用法表示“必须”，语气比should，ought to强烈。其否定形式为mustnt(不准，禁止)。You must practise your spoken English if you want to improve.如果你想提高，就必须练习英语口语。(2019全国卷)You must keep these po
20、ints in mindwhile setting your goals.当你设立自己的目标时，你必须把这些要点记住。返回导航1以must开头的一般疑问句的肯定回答中要用must，否定回答中要用neednt/dont have to。Must we hand in our exercises today?我们必须今天交作业吗？Yes，you must./No，you neednt.是的，必须交。/不，不必交。2表示有把握的肯定推测，只能用在肯定句中，意思是“一定，准是”。She must be tired after such a long walk.走了这么长的路，她一定累了。You mus
21、t be joking.你一定是在开玩笑吧。返回导航3有时must表示“偏要；硬要；偏偏”，指做令人不快的事情。Must you shout so loudly?你非要这么大声嚷嚷吗？返回导航选词填空(must/have to)I told that she _ give up smoking.We _ get everything ready that night.完成句子If you _，at least you could use an ashtray.如果你一定要吸烟，起码可以用一个烟灰缸吧。must had to must smoke 返回导航巩 固 提 升返回导航课 时 作 业返回导航