1、人教版必修四reading语法填空学案1.Unit 1, Book 4 A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. Following Janes way of studying chimps, our group _1_(be) all going to visit them in the forest. Jane _2_(study) these families of chimps for many years
2、 and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means _3_(go) back to the place _4_ we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees _5_ the family beg
3、ins to wake up and move off. Then we follow as they wander into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed _6_ clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that our group is going to be very _7_(tire) and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. _8_, the evening mak
4、es it all worthwhile. We watch the mother chimp and _9_ babies play in the tree. Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as _10_(strong) as in a human family.Key: 1. are 2. has studied 3. going 4. where 5. while
5、 6. or 7. tired 8. However 9. her 10. strong2.Unit 1, Book 4 A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFENobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. She spent years _1_(observe) and recording their _2_(day) activities. Since her childhood she _3_(want) to work with animals in their own environment. Howeve
6、r, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual _4_ a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to help her for _5_ first few months was she allowed _6_(begin) her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For _7_, one important thing sh
7、e discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating _8_. She also discovered _9_ chimps communicate with each other, _10_ her study of their body language helped her w
8、ork out their social system. Key: 1. observing 2. daily 3. had wanted 4. for 5. the 6. to begin 7. example 8. it 9. how 10. and 3.Unit 2, Book 4 A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE Although he is one of Chinas _1_(famous) scientists, Yuan Longping considers _2_(him) a farmer, for he works the land to do his re
9、search. Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like _3_ of millions of Chinese farmers, for _4_ he has struggled for the past five decades. Dr Yuan Longping grows what _5_(call) super hybrid rice. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow r
10、ice that has a high output. This special strain of rice makes _6_ possible to produce one-third more of the crop in _7_ same fields. Now more than 60% of the rice produced in China each year is from this hybrid strain.Born into a poor farmers family in 1930, Dr Yuan graduated _8_ Southwest Agricultu
11、ral College in 1953. Since then, finding ways to grow more rice _9_( be) his life goal. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. At that time, hunger was a _10_(disturb) problem in many parts of the countryside. Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests withou
12、t expanding the area of the fields. Key: 1. most famous 2. himself 3. those/ the ones 4. whom 5. is called 6. it 7. the 8. from 9. has been 10. disturbing4.Unit 2, Book 4 A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE Dr Yuan is quite satisfied _1_ his life. However, he doesnt care about being famous. He feels it gives h
13、im less _2_(free) to do his research. He would much rather keep time for his hobbles. He enjoys _3_ to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. Spending money on himself or leading a _4_(comfort) life also means very little to him. Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money h
14、as more _5_ than fewer troubles. He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture. Just dreaming for things, however, _6_(cost) nothing. Long ago Dr yuan had a dream about rice plants as tall as sorghum. Each ear of rice was as big as _7_ ear of corn and each gra
15、in of rice was as huge as a peanut. Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people. Now, many years later, Dr Yuan has another dream: to export his rice so that it can _8_(grow) around the globe. One dream is not always enough, _9_(especial) for a
16、person _10_ loves and cares for his people.Key: 1. with 2. freedom 3. listening 4. comfortable 5. rather 6. costs 7. an 8. be grown 9. especially 10. who5.Unit 3, Book 4 A MASTER OF NONVERBAL HUMOUR As Victor Hugo once said, Laughter is the sun _1_ drives winter from the human face, and up to now no
17、body has been able to do this _2_(well) than Charlie Chaplin. He brightened the lives of Americans and British through two world wars and the hard years in between. He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, _3_ they could feel more content _4_ their lives. Not that Charlies own life w
18、as easy! He was born in a poor family in 1889. His parents were both poor music hall _5_(perform). You may find _6_ astonishing that Charlie _7_(teach) to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk. Such training was common in acting families at this time, especially when the
19、family income was often uncertain. _8_(fortunate) his father died, leaving the family even worse off, so Charlie spent his childhood _9_(look) after his sick mother and his brother. By his teens, Charlie had, through his humour, become one of the most popular child actors in England. He could mime a
20、nd act the fool doing ordinary everyday tasks. No one was ever _10_(bore) watching him -his subtle acting made everything entertaining.Key: 1. which/that 2. better 3. so 4. with 5. performers 6. it 7. was taught 8. Unfortunately 9. looking 10. bored6.Unit 3, Book 4 A MASTER OF NONVERBAL HUMOUR As ti
21、me went by, he began making films. He grew _1_ and more popular as his charming character, the little tramp, became known throughout the world. The tramp, _2_ poor, homeless man with a moustache, wore large trousers, worn-out shoes and a small round black hat. He walked around stilly carrying a _3_(
22、walk) stick. This character was a social _4_(fail) but was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties. He was the underdog who was kind even when others were unkind to him.How did the little tramp make a sad situation entertaining? Here is an example from one of his most f
23、amous films, The Gold Rush. It is the mid-nineteenth century and gold has just been discovered in California. Like so many others, the little tramp and his friend have rushed there _5_ search of gold, but without success. Instead they are hiding in a small hut on the edge of a mountain during a snow
24、storm with nothing _6_(eat). They are so hungry _7_ they try boiling a _8_ of leather shoes for their dinner. Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti. Then he cuts off the leather top of the shoe as if it _9_(be) the finest steak. Finally he tries cutting and chewin
25、g the bottom of the shoe. He eats each mouthful with great enjoyment. The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the _10_(good) meals he has ever tasted!Key: 1. more 2. a 3. walking 4. failure 5. in 6. to eat 7. that 8. pair 9. were 10. best7.Unit 4, Book 4 COMMUNICATION
26、: NO PROBLEM? Yesterday, another student and I, representing our _1_(university) student association, went to _2_ Capital International Airport to meet this years international students. They were coming to study at Beijing University. We would take them first to their dormitories and then to the st
27、udent canteen. After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive, I saw several young people enter the waiting area _3_(look) around curiously. I stood for a minute watching them and then went to greet them. The first person _4_(arrive) was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely _5_(follow) by Ju
28、lia Smith from Britain. After I met them and then introduced them _6_ each other, I was very surprised. Tony approached Julia, _7_(touch) her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek! She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in _8_(defend). I guessed that there was _9_(probable)
29、a major misunderstanding. Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in smiling, together with George Cook from Canada. As they were introduced, George reached his hand out to the Japanese student. Just at that moment, _10_, Akira bowed so his nose touched Georges moving hand. They both apologized - another
30、cultural mistake!Key: 1. universitys 2. the 3. looking/and look 4. to arrive 5. followed 6. to 7. touched 8. defence 9. probably 10. however8.Unit 4, Book 4 COMMUNICATION: NO PROBLEM? As I get to know more international friends, I learn more about this cultural body language. Not all cultures greet
31、each other _1_ same way, nor are they _2_(comfort) in the same way with touching or distance between people. In the same way _3_ people communicate with spoken language, they also express their feelings using _4_(speak) language through physical distance, actions or posture. English people, for exam
32、ple, do not usually stand very close _5_ others or touch strangers as soon as they meet. _6_, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them. Most people around the world now greet each other by _7_(shake) hands, but some cu
33、ltures use other greetings as well, such as the Japanese, who prefer to bow. These actions are not good or bad, _8_ are simply ways in which cultures have developed. I have seen, however, that cultural customs for body language are very general - not all members of a culture behave in the same way.
34、In general, though, studying international customs can _9_(certain) help avoid difficulties in _10_(today) world of cultural crossroads!Key: 1. the 2. comfortable 3. that/in which/ 4. unspoken 5. to 6. However 7. shaking 8. but 9. certainly 10. todays9.Unit 5, Book 4 THEME PARKS FUN AND MORE THAN FU
35、N Which theme park would you like _1_(visit)? There are various kinds of theme parks, with a different park for almost everything: food, culture, science, cartoons, movies or history. Some parks are famous _2_ having the biggest or longest roller coasters, others for showing the famous sights and so
36、unds of a culture. Whichever and whatever you like, there is a theme park for you! The theme park you are _3_(probable) most familiar with is Disneyland. It can be found in several parts of the world. _4_ will bring you into a magical world and make your dreams come _5_, whether traveling through sp
37、ace, visiting a pirate ship _6_ meeting your favourite fairy tale or Disney cartoon character. As you wander around the fantasy amusement park, you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or on the street. Of course Disneyland also has many _7_(excite) rides, from giant swinging ships to terr
38、ifying free-fall drops. With all these _8_(attract), no wonder tourism is increasing wherever _9_ is a Disneyland. _10_ you want to have fun and more than fun, come to Disneyland! Key: 1. to visit 2. for 3. probably 4. It 5. true 6. or 7. exciting 8. attractions 9.there 10. If10.Unit 5, Book 4 THEME
39、 PARKS FUN AND MORE THAN FUN Dollywood, in the beautiful Smoky Mountains in the southeastern USA, is one of _1_( unique) theme parks in the world. Dollywood shows and celebrates Americas traditional southeastern culture. Although Dollywood has rides, the _2_(park) main attraction is its culture. Fam
40、ous country music groups perform there all year in indoor and outdoor theatres. People come _3_ all over America to see carpenters and other craftsmen _4_(make) wood, glass and iron objects in the old-fashioned way. Visit the candy shop _5_(try) the same kind of candy that American southerners made
41、150 years _6_, or take a ride on _7_ only steam- engine train still working in the southeast USA. You can even see beautiful bald eagles in the worlds largest bald eagle preserve. And for those _8_ like rides, Dollywood has one of the best old _9_(wood) roller coasters, Thunderhead. It is world-famo
42、us for having the most length in the smallest space. Come to Dollywood to have fun _10_(learn) all about Americas historical southeastern culture! Key: 1. the most unique 2. parks 3. from 4. make 5. to try 6. ago 7. the 8. who 9. wooden 10. learning答案及解析：1. Unit 1, Book 4 A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLI
43、FEKey: 1. are 2. has studied 3. going 4. where/in which 5. while 6. or 7. tired 8. However 9. her 10. strong解析：1. are。集合名词group充当主语，强调其中的成员，故谓语动词用复数。2. has studied。上下文均属于现在时态，而且for many years是完成时的标志，故使用现在完成时。3. going。mean doing sth.表示“意味着做某事”，该句译为“这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开时黑猩猩一家睡觉的大树旁”。4. where/in which。先行
44、词place在从句中充当地点状语，故使用关系副词where或in which引导限制性定语从句。该句译为“这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开时黑猩猩一家睡觉的大树旁”。5. while。while充当并列连词，连接转折并列句，表示两种对比、对立的关系。该句译为“大家坐在树荫下等待着，然而猩猩们睡醒了，准备离开“。6. or。属于eitheror结构，连接并列成分。7. tired。主语是our group，意指“我们这批人”；be之后缺少very所修饰的形容词表语，故使用tired。该句意为“简预先提醒我们，到下午的时候我们就会又累又脏”。8. However.上下文构成转折关系，该句意为“
45、但是到傍晚时分我们就觉得这一切都是值得的”。9. her。上文提及到the mother chimp，故使用形容词性物主代词修饰babies。10. strong。asas原级比较结构在应用中，修饰形容词或副词的原形，而且放在asas结构中，和第一个as紧密相连。2. Unit 1, Book 4 A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFEKey: 1. observing 2. daily 3. had wanted 4. for 5. the 6. to begin 7. example 8. it 9. how 10. and解析：1. observing.属于spend
46、 time in doing sth.结构，在主动语态中，in可以省略，保留后面的动名词，故使用observing。2. daily。充当定语，修饰中心词activities，故使用day的形容词daily，译为“每天的”。3. had wanted。since her childhood是完成时的标志，而且文章整体指过去时间而言，故使用过去完成时。4. for。属于“it is+adj.+for/of + sb. to do sth.”句式。当表语形容词说明人的情况，用of连接；当表语形容词说明不定时的情况，使用for连接。unusual说明不定时的情况，故使用for。该句译为“就女士而言，
47、生活在森林是不寻常的”。5. the。属于多个限定词的排列，即，the+序数词+数量词+中心词。6. to begin。属于allow sb. to do sth.的应用结构。7. example。for example译为“举例而言”。8. it。指上文提及到的a monky，为了避免重复，故使用it。9. how。how引导的宾语从句，充当discover的宾语，该句译为“他也发现了猩猩们的交流方式”。10. and。and连接的联合意义的并列句，该句译为“针对猩猩体态语方面的研究有助于她揭示猩猩的社交体系”。3. Unit 2, Book 4 A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOP
48、LEKey: 1. most famous 2. himself 3. those/ the ones 4. whom 5. is called 6. it 7. the 8. from 9. has been 10. disturbing解析：1. most famous。one of之后接形容词或副词的最高级，表示“最之一”。2. himself。属于consider sb. (to be)+adj./n.结构，故使用反身代词充当宾语，该句译为“袁隆平认为自己是农民”。3. those/the ones。同类不同人或同类不同物的代词称为替代词。使用those或the ones替代前文提及到
49、的face、arms and body，特指复数可数名词，该句译为“实际上，他的晒黑的脸和手臂以及纤细却又强壮的身体就像数百万农民的一样”。4. whom。先行词Chinese farmers在从句中充当介词for的宾语，故使用表示人的关系代词whom来引导定语从句。5. is called。该句译为“袁隆平种植称为超级杂交水稻的作物”，包含what引导的宾语从句，从句中call的执行者没有提及到，而且主句是一般现在时，主从句时态呼应，故从句使用一般现在时的被动语态。6. it。属于make it possible to do sth.应用结构，it充当形式宾语，而真正的宾语不定式放在宾语补足
50、语possible之后。7. the。same在应用中和定冠词连用，the same表示“相同的”。8. from。graduate from译为“从毕业”。9. has been。句首的since then是完成时的标志，上下文时态呼应保持一致，故使用现在完成时。10. disturbing。修饰无生命力的名词problem，使用现在分词转化而来的形容词充当定语，表示“令人困扰的”，该句译为“当时，饥饿是农村大部分地区令人困扰的难题”。4. Unit 2, Book 4 A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLEKey: 1. with 2. freedom 3. listening
51、4. comfortable 5. rather 6. costs 7. an 8. be grown 9. especially 10. who解析：1. with。be satisfied with表示“对感到满意”。2. freedom。属于give sb. sth.结构，缺少give的直接宾语，故使用名词freedom。3. listening。属于enjoy doing sth.结构，表示“喜欢做某事”。4. comfortable。该空充当定语，修饰life，故使用形容词comfortable，表示“令人舒适的”。5. rather。rather than表示“而不是”，该句译为“
52、他确信，有过多金钱的人拥有更多而不是更少的麻烦事”。6. costs。非谓语动词dreaming充当主语，谓语动词用单数。该句译为“然而，对事物充满了幻想无济于事”。7. an。泛指的单数可数名词表示类别时，与不定冠词搭配。8. be grown。该从句表示“它能够种植在全球各地”，没有提及到grow的动作执行者，故使用带有情态动词的被动语态，即，情态动词+be+过去分词。9. especially。充当状语，修饰介词短语，故使用副词。10. who。person充当定语从句的先行词，且从句缺少主语，故使用关系代词who引导定语从句，该句译为“一个梦想并不够，尤其是针对关心、爱戴人民的人”。5
53、. Unit 3, Book 4 A MASTER OF NONVERBAL HUMOURKey: 1. which/that 2. better 3. so 4. with 5. performers 6. it 7. was taught 8. Unfortunately 9. looking 10. bored解析：1. which/that。the sun充当定语从句的先行词，且从句缺少主语，故使用which或that引导。2. better。该空后面有连词than，故使用well的比较级better。3. so。上下文构成因果关系，故使用so连接并列句，该句译为“他使人们情绪低落的时
54、候开怀大笑，所以人们对生活感到更满足”。4. with.属于feel/be content with搭配，译为“对感到满足”。5. performers。该空充当表语，表示父母的身份，故使用复数名词表示类别。该句译为“他的父母都是贫穷的音乐厅表演艺人”。6. it。真正的宾语是that从句，故使用it充当形式宾语。7. was taught。和as soon as从句谓语could speak and dance时态呼应，且teach的动作执行者没有提及到，故使用一般过去式的被动语态。该句译为“当他一会说话和跳舞的时候，就有人教他唱歌了”。8. Unfortunately。在句首修饰整个句子，
55、使用副词充当状语。该句译为“不幸的是，他父亲去世了，使他的家庭陷入更为拮据的局面”。9. looking。属于spend time (in) doing sth.结构。10. bored。该空充当表语，说明主语所处的状态，译为“感到乏味的”。6. Unit 3, Book 4 A MASTER OF NONVERBAL HUMOURKey: 1. more 2. a 3. walking 4. failure 5. in 6. to eat 7. that 8. pair 9. were 10. best解析：1. more。属于“more and more+部分双音节及所有多音节形容词或副词
56、”结构，表示“越来越”。2. a。该空所在部分在句中充当主语tramp的同位语，说明tramp的身份或类别，故使用泛指的单数可数名词。该同位语译为“一位留着胡须、无家可归的可怜汉”。3. walking。说明中心词的用途或功能，故使用动名词充当定语，译为：“手杖”。类似的有a swimming pool、a food factory等。4. failure。该空前面有不定冠词a，故使用名词，属于不可数名词可数化的用法，表示“一位失败人物”。5. in。属于in search of搭配，表示“为了寻找”。6. to eat。在with复合结构中，充当宾语补足语，表示未发生的动作；而且句子的主语t
57、hey是eat动作的逻辑主语，故使用不定式的主动态。7. that。属于sothat引导的结果状语从句。8. pair。a pair of单位词表示“一双、一副”。9. were。as if引导的方式状语从句构成的虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的情况时，从句使用一般过去时，be的过去式只能使用were。10. best。该空前面有one of短语，后面又表示范围的定语从句he has ever tasted，故使用最高级。7. Unit 4, Book 4 COMMUNICATION: NO PROBLEM?Key: 1. universitys 2. the 3. looking/and lo
58、ok 4. to arrive 5. followed 6. to 7. touched 8. defence 9. probably 10. however解析：1. universitys.充当定语修饰student association，故使用名词所有格，表示“我们大学的学生会”2. the。普通名词搭配而成的专有名词与定冠词连用，表示“首都国际机场”。3. looking/and look。从两个角度分析，一是宾语同时发生两个动作，主要动作构成宾语补足语，次要动作构成伴随状语，故使用looking；二是同时发生两个动作，一起构成并列的宾语补足语，故使用and look。该句译为“我看
59、到几位年轻人进了候车区，好奇地四处打量”。4. to arrive。中心词部分有序数词，充当定语的非谓语动词使用动词不定式。5. followed。伴随状语的动作执行者由by短语连接，故使用过去分词来充当。该句译为“第一位到达的是来自于哥伦比亚的托尼，来自于英国的茱莉亚紧随其后”。6. to。属于introduce A to B结构，表示“把A介绍给B”。7. touched。表示过去动作的连续发生，故使用动词的过去式充当并列谓语。8. defence。充当介词in的宾语，构成in defence，表示“处于保护之中”。9. probably。修饰整个句子，充当状语，故使用副词，该句译为“我猜
60、想很有可能发生了误会”。10. however。上下文构成转折关系，故使用however衔接上下句。该句译为“然而此时永田明正在鞠躬，他的鼻子碰到了乔治伸过来的手”。8. Unit 4, Book 4 COMMUNICATION: NO PROBLEM?Key: 1. the 2. comfortable 3. that/in which/ 4. unspoken 5. to 6. However 7. shaking 8. but 9. certainly 10. todays解析：1. the。same在应用过程中，习惯上和定冠词连用。该句译为“各种文化背景下的人互致问候的方式不尽相同，身
61、体接触和相互间距的程度也不尽相同”。2. comfortable。系动词之后使用形容词充当表语，故使用comfortable。译文同上。3. that/in which/.先行词way在定语从句中充当方式状语，常用省略关系词的方式，其次使用in which，还可以使用that引导。4. unspoken。未提及speak动作执行者，使用spoken表示被动；另外，根据下文中“身体之间的距离、动作和姿态”，表明是没有声音的，故使用否定前缀un。该句译为“用口头语言交流的同时，人们还使用不出声的语言身体之间的距离、动作和姿态等”。5. to。属于close to的搭配短语，译为“接近于”。6. H
62、owever。上下文构成转折，故在下一句句首使用衔接词however。该句译为“英国人通常不会站在离别人太近的地方，也不会一见面就接触陌生人。但是，来自像西班牙、意大利或南美等国家的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且很可能接触对方”。7. shaking。介词by之后接名词、代词或动名词充当介词的宾语，故使用shaking。8. but。属于notbut英语结构，译为“不是而是”。该句译为“这些行为都无所谓好与坏，只不过是文化发展的不同方式而已”。9. certainly。修饰整个句子，故使用副词充当状语。10. todays。充当定语修饰world，故使用today的名词所有格。该句译为“在当今
63、文化交融的世界，学习不同国家的习俗肯定能帮助我们避免交往中的困难”。9.Unit 5, Book 4 THEME PARKS FUN AND MORE THAN FUNKey: 1. to visit 2. for 3. probably 4. It 5. true 6. or 7. exciting 8. attractions 9.there 10. If解析：1. to visit。属于would like to do sth.结构，译为“想要做某事”。2. for。属于be famous for搭配，译为“因为而出名”。3. probably。放在形容词familiar之前，使用副词充
64、当状语。该句译为“你非常喜欢的主题公园很可能是迪斯尼乐园”。4. It。it指代上文提及到的迪斯尼乐园，为了避免重复，而使用了人称代词。5. true。属于come true的搭配，译为“实现”。6. or。whetheror引导的让步状语从句，该句译为“无论你是在太空遨游，参观海盗船，还是邂逅你最喜欢的童话故事或者迪斯尼卡通里的人物，迪斯尼会把你带到魔幻的世界，使你的梦想变为现实”。7. exciting。充当定语修饰rides，表示rides的性质特征。该句译为“迪斯尼还有很多颇具刺激性的游乐设施，比如巨大的吊船和可怕的自由落体设施”。8. attractions。充当介词with的宾语，
65、而且之前由all these修饰，故使用attract的名词复数。9. there. 属于there be句型，表示“存在”。10. If。if引导的条件状语从句，该句译为“如果你想尽情娱乐，而且有更多的收获，那就来迪斯尼乐园吧”。10.Unit 5, Book 4 THEME PARKS FUN AND MORE THAN FUNKey: 1. the most unique 2. parks 3. from 4. make 5. to try 6. ago 7. the 8. who 9. wooden 10. learning解析：1. the most unique.句尾有表示范围的介
66、词短语in the world，故one of 之后使用形容词的最高级。该句译为“位于美国东南部美丽的斯莫基山脉中的多莱坞，是世界上最独特的主题公园之一”。2. parks。充当定语修饰main attraction，故使用park的名词所有格。该句译为“尽管这里也有搭乘游乐设施，但是公园最具吸引力的还是它的文化”。3. from。属于come from搭配结构，译为“来自于”。4. make。所有的感官动词see、notice、look at、watch、observe、listen to、hear、smell、taste以及三个使役动词have、let、make在主动语态中，接省略to的动
67、词不定式充当宾语补足语，强调动作的整个过程。5. to try。表示visit the candy shop的目的，故使用to try充当目的状语。该句译为“还可以到糖果店品尝一下糖果，这些糖果和150年前美国南方人制作的一模一样”。6. ago。句中有make的过去式made，故使用一般过去时的时间状语标志ago。译文同上。7. the。only与定冠词连用时，表示“唯一的”。该句译为“这可是在美国东南部依然运行的唯一一辆蒸汽火车”。8. who。those充当定语从句的先行词，而且指人时，关系代词常用who。9. wooden。在roller coasters之前充当定语，故使用形容词wooden，译为“木制的”。10. learning。属于have fun(in) doing sth.结构，译为“做某事有乐趣”。