1、上海市杨浦区2020-2021学年高三英语上学期期中试题（含解析）考生注意:1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。3. 务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversati
2、on, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At the c
3、onstruction site. B. In the playground.C. In the office. D. At the central station.2. A. Leave the office immediately.B. Prepare the office for the typhoon.C. Protect the furniture from the typhoon.D. Shut down all the electric appliances.3. A. She wont be fooled by the low prices.B. She likes the E
4、uropean brands most.C. The items are too expensive for her.D.The top brands are unbelievably cheap.4. A. He asked everyone to look for his phone.B. He forgot to put his phone in the backpack.C. He had a serious mental breakdown:D. He thought he had lost his phone.5. A.Worried. B.Confident. C. Confus
5、ed D.Reluctant.6. A.At 7:30. B.At 8:30. C. At 8:00. D.At 7:00.7. A. Windy. B. Snowy. C.Rainy. D.Foggy.8. A. Jenny needs time to get ready for the job.B. Jenny doesnt like her new assignment.C. The appointment surprises Jenny greatly.D. The appointment requires being on guard.9. A. Eric is taking a t
6、wo-day leave from work.B. Erics company allows a flexible working mode.C. Eric has gone to New York for holiday.D. Erics company has an overseas office in New York.10. A. He is crazy about pop culture.B. He used to support the band.C. He never stopped loving the band.D. He wrote anti-climate change
7、songs.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear
8、 a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Pretending to be a Batman helps you get through tough times.B. Pretending to be someone else helps
9、you forget your trouble.C. Imagining yourself to be a strong figure makes you feel powerful.D. Believing in your own strength gives you Batmans power.12. A. It requires specialized training.B. It is most useful in exams.C. It mainly applies to children.D. It works better with real life figures.13. A
10、. A tip on how to overcome anxiety.B. A suggestion on how to deal with strangers.C. An outline of psychological applications.D. A discussion about a social phenomenon.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage14. A. 55 B. 3,000 C. 33,000 D. 23015. A. He has kept a record of the movem
11、ents of blue whales since 1966.B. He introduced the ban on the hunting of blue whales in 1966.C. He thought the population growth of blue whales was real and significant.D. He thought the high number of blue whales was a one-time occurrence.16 A. the reason for blue whales extinction.B. The problems
12、 facing blue whales existence.C. The historic survey of endangered species.D.The surprise comeback of blue whales.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The IT department had lately received a report.B. Miras computer was found to have been infected with a virus.C. So
13、me unusual online activity was traced to Miras computer.D.The IT department was inspecting the computer office by office.18. A. She updated the operating system.B. She stored some important files.C. She deleted some downloaded stuff.D. She fixed the external storage device.19. A. Colleagues. B. Boss
14、 and employee.C. Friends. D. Technician and client.20. A. It usually attacks junk e-mails and pop-up ads.B. It can be detected by the new anti-virus software.C. It is difficult and takes much time to remove.D. It slows down the recording of online activity.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A Directi
15、ons: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Foreign Accent Syndrome(综合症)31-ye
16、ar-old Emilys life changed greatly in January, when a mysterious condition left her unable to speak for two months. She _1_ (complain) about headaches for two weeks before one day her colleagues then noticed that her speech had become slow and unclear, both indicators of a stroke._2_ she was rushed
17、to the hospital, Emily had lost her ability to speak completely. After running some tests, doctors ruled out the stroke, instead _3_ (blame) her voice loss on some sort of brain injury.After spending three weeks in the hospital, Emily was still unable to speak and relied solely on basic sign languag
18、e she had picked up at work and a text-to-speech app on her phone _4_(communicate). Encouraged by her doctor, Emily went on a vacation in Thailand. A few days into the vacation, she started to speak again.How _5_ (shock) it was when Emily originally noticed her Eastern European accents, but even mor
19、e so when she noticed that sometimes her accent would change out of the blue, to Polish, Italian and even French. Although she doesnt know the reason _6_ may help explain her condition, she has noticed that it has something to do with how tired she is. In March of 2020, she was officially diagnosed
20、with _7_ was commonly called Foreign Accent Syndrome.“I was so excited when my voice started coming back but now I dont even recognize the voice that comes out of my mouth, it doesnt sound _8_ me,” Emily told the reporters.Now her voice is back, but unfortunately she has to deal with discrimination(
21、歧视) from people who think she is an immigrant, and has taken time off work because stress _9_ only make her condition worse.Emilys case sounds shockingly similar to _10_ of Michelle Myers, an Arizona woman who never traveled outside of the United States, but woke up to speaking in multiple accents-B
22、ritish, Irish and Australian- after experiencing severe headaches. She too was diagnosed with Foreign Accent Syndrome.【答案】1. had complained 2. By the time 3. blaming 4. to communicate 5. shocking 6. which/that 7. what 8. like 9. can 10. that【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了31岁的艾米丽患了一种名为“外国口音综合症”的病症，导致她说话的口音时常发生变化。【
23、1题详解】考查动词时态。句意：她抱怨头疼已经有两周了，直到有一天，她的同事发现她说话速度变慢、不清楚，这都是中风的征兆。根据后文“two weeks before”可知动作发生在“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had complained。【2题详解】考查固定短语。句意：当艾米丽被紧急送往医院时，她已经完全丧失了说话的能力。从句为一般过去时，主句为过去完成时，可知动作发生有先后，可联想到by the time，表示“到的时候”。句首单词首字母要大写。故填By the time。【3题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在进行了一些测试后，医生排除了中风的可能性，而是将她的失声归咎于某种脑损伤。分析句
24、子结构可知blame在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语doctors构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故填blaming。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在医院呆了三周后，艾米丽仍然不能说话，她只能依靠在工作中学会的基本手语和手机上的文本语音转换应用程序来交流。分析句子结构可知communicate在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to communicate。【5题详解】考查形容词。句意：当艾米丽最初注意到她的东欧口音时，她是多么震惊啊！更让她震惊的是，她注意到有时她的口音会突然变成波兰语、意大利语，甚至是法语。根据后文“it was”可知此处作表语应用形容词
25、，且主语为it，故应用-ing结尾形容词shocking。故填shocking。【6题详解】考查定语从句。句意：虽然她不知道可能有助于解释她的情况的原因，但她已注意到这与她有多累有关。此处为定语从句修饰先行词reason，且先行词在从句中，作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。【7题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：2020年3月，她被正式诊断出患有通常被称为外国口音综合症的疾病。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，故应用what引导。故填what。【8题详解】考查介词。句意：当我的声音开始恢复的时候，我非常兴奋，但是现在我甚至都不认识从我嘴里发出来的声音，
26、它听起来不像我。结合句意表示“听起来像”短语为sound like。故填like。【9题详解】考查情态动词。句意：现在，她的声音恢复了，但不幸的是，她不得不面对那些认为她是移民的人的歧视，她不得不请假，因为压力只会让她的情况更糟。由stress作主语但谓语make为原形可知此处填情态动词，再根据句意压力会使她的情况更加恶化，可知应用can。故填can。【10题详解】考查代词。句意：艾米丽的情况听起来和米歇尔迈尔斯的情况惊人地相似。米歇尔迈尔斯是亚利桑那州的一名妇女，她从未出过美国，但在经历了严重的头痛后，她的口音有英国口音、爱尔兰口音和澳大利亚口音。指代前面的case，应用that。故填tha
27、t。Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. lowered B. administering C. supports D. scientifically E. diagnosedF. originally G. access H. gaps I. expanding J. ranging K. balloo
28、nCan Food Replace Medicine?If Food is indeed medicine, then its time to treat it that way. In his upcoming book, Eat to Beat Diseases, Dr William Li, a heart expert, pulls together years of stored data and processes specific doses (剂量) of food that can treat diseases _11_from a mild cold to cancer.
29、Not all doctors agree that the science supports _12_food like drugs, but he is hoping the idea will motivate more researchers to study food in ways as _13_strict as possible and generate stronger data in coming years. “We are far away from prescribing (开处方) diets to fight diseases,” he says. “And we
30、 may never get there. But we are looking to fill in the _14_that have long existed in this field with real science. This is the beginning of a better tomorrow.”And talking about food in terms of doses might push more doctors to focus on patients grocery lists instead. So far, several hundred people
31、who rely on the Fresh Food Program have had their risk of serious diabetes (糖尿病) complications _15_by 40% and hospitalizations cut by 70% compared with other diabetic people in the area who lack _16_to the program. This year, on the basis of its success so far, the Fresh Food Program is doubling the
32、 number of patients it _17_.Shicowich knows firsthand how important that will be for people like him. When he was first _18_, he lost weight and controlled his blood sugar, but he found those changes hard to maintain and soon saw his weight _19_and his blood-sugar levels skyrocket. He has become one
33、 of the programs better-known success stories, and now works part time in the produce section of a supermarket and cooks nearly all his meals. Hes _20_his cooking skills to include fish, which he had never tried preparing before. “I know what healthy food looks like, and I know what to do with it no
34、w,” he says. “Without this program and without the support system, I will probably still be sitting on a couch with a box of biscuits.”【答案】11. J 12. B 13. D 14. H 15. A 16. G 17. C 18. E 19. K 20. I【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了食物是否能代替药物治疗疾病。【11题详解】考查现在分词。句意：心脏专家William Li博士在他即将出版的新书吃战胜疾病中，收集了多年的存储数据，并处理了特定剂量的食
35、物，这些食物可以治疗从轻度感冒到癌症等各种疾病。根据语法可知，这里需要填写一个现在分词，而且句意为这种食物能够治疗的范围是从普通感冒到癌症，range的用法是sth. ranges from A to B“范围从A到B”，符合文意，故选J。【12题详解】考查形容词。句意：并不是所有的医生都同意科学支持像管理药物一样管理食物，但他希望这个想法能激励更多的研究人员以尽可能科学严格的方式研究食物，并在未来几年产生更有力的数据。根据语法可知，这里需要一个形容词来修饰food like drugs，administering food固定搭配，可理解为“可服用的食物”。故选B。【13题详解】考查副词。句
36、意同上。这里选择一个副词来修饰strict这个形容词，意思是研究人员需要用尽可能科学严格的方式去研究食物，scientifically strict“科学方面严格的”，符合文意。故选D。【14题详解】考查名词。句意：但我们希望用真正的科学来填补这个领域长期存在的空白。根据语法可知，这里需要填写一个名词，fill in the gaps“填补空白”，固定搭配，意为我们正在找办法填补长期以来存在的空白。故选H。【15题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，数百名依赖于新鲜食品项目人，与该地区无法获得该项目的其他糖尿病患者相比，他们患严重糖尿病并发症的风险降低了40%，住院率降低了70%。这里需要一
37、个谓语动词，根据句意可知，患糖尿病的风险降低了40%，所以用lowered。故选A。【16题详解】考查名词。句意同上。这里需要名词，have/lack access to“可以/不能利用”，根据文意可知，这个地区的糖尿病患者没有途径去接近这个项目。故选G。【17题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：今年，在目前成功的基础上，生鲜食品计划将其资助的病人数量增加了一倍。这里需要一个谓语动词，根据句意可知，Fresh Food Program使得它资助的病人数量翻倍了，support“资助”，符合文意。故选C。【18题详解】考查动词。句意：当他第一次被诊断时，他减轻了体重，控制了血糖，但他发现这些变化很难维持
38、，很快他就发现他的体重急剧膨胀，血糖水平飙升。这里需要一个动词-ed形式，根据文意可知，当他第一次被诊断的时候，他体重下去了，diagnose“诊断”。故选E。【19题详解】考查名词。句意同上。weight balloon是固定搭配，可理解为因长胖身体像球一样，比较形象的表达。故选K。【20题详解】考查名词。句意：他将自己的烹饪技能扩展到了以前从未尝试过的鱼。根据语法可知，这里需要一个动词-ing形式，expand“拓展”，意为他正在拓宽自己的做饭技能，包括做鱼，这是他以前从来没有做过的。故选I。III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For
39、 each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Trackers on IceJust because a scientist puts a GPS tracking collar on a wild polar bear does not mean the animal will willingly keep it on. _
40、21_, these huge collars are purposefully loose so that if one becomes annoying, a bear can _22_it. But scientists have now found a way to use signals from the discarded(丢弃的)devices.“These dropped collars_23_would have been considered garbage data,” says Natasha Klappstein, a polar bear researcher at
41、 the University of Alberta. She and her colleagues instead used_24_from such collars, left on sea ice in Canadas Hudson Bay, to track the ice itself. For their study, published in June in The Cryosphere, the researchers _25_twenty collars that sent movement data consistent(与一致的)with ice drift rather
42、 than polar bear _26_between 2005 and 2015. The resulting records of how melting ice typically drifts in Hudson Bay are unique; there are no easily _27_on-the-ground sensors, and satellite observations often cannot _28_capture the motion of small ice sheets.The team compared the discarded collars mo
43、vements with widely used ice-drift modeling data from the U.S. National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC). Collar data indicated that the NSIDC model underestimates the speed at which ice moves around in Hudson Bay-as well as the overall _29_of drift. Over the course of several months the model could
44、 drift away from an ice sheets location by a few hundred kilometers, the researchers say.This means the bears may be working harder, when moving against the direction of the ice, than scientists had _30_ .“Since were underestimating the speed of drift, were likely underestimating the energetic effor
45、t of polar bears, says Natasha Klappstein. The research reveals_31_insight (洞悉) into how highly mobile ice moves. As melting increases in coming years, such ice will likely become more _32_farther north, in the central Arctic. Scientists had known NSIDC data could underestimate drift speeds, but “an
46、y time we can find a data _33_,it is a good thing.”Plus,such data could improve predictions about how oil spills or other pollutants may spread in seas _34_ with drifting ice, says Walt Meier, a senior NSIDC research scientist,who was not involved in the study. The findings may even _35_future NSIDC
47、 models. “Its a really nice data set,” Meier says.And certainly one well take consideration.21. A. In factB. In a wayC. In additionD. In the end22. A. destroyB. removeC. resistD. reject23. A. particularlyB. relevantlyC. intentionallyD. potentially24. A. estimatesB. subjectsC. measurementsD. patents2
48、5. A. displayedB. identifiedC. justifiedD. preserved26. A. behaviorB. habitatC. mannerD. motion27. A. flexibleB. favorableC. accessibleD. changeable28. A. internallyB. accuratelyC. securelyD. independently29. A. extentB. damageC. trendD. limit30. A. agreedB. promisedC. provedD. assumed31. A. immedia
49、teB. superiorC. entireD. timely32. A. evidentB. uniqueC. commonD. realistic33. A. gapB. scanC. boomD. fit34 A. replacedB. litteredC. packedD. matched35. A. reverseB. resembleC. influenceD. motivate【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C【解析】本文是一篇说
50、明文。介绍了科学家通过被丢弃的项圈获得数据来研究北极冰的移动。【21题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，这些巨大的项圈是故意松开的，如果一个项圈让熊觉得讨厌，熊可能会把它取下来。A. In fact事实上；B. In a way某种程度上；C. In addition另外；D. In the end最后。根据上下文可知，科学家将GPS跟踪项圈放在野生北极熊身上，并不意味着北极熊会愿意继续使用它。后文表示实际情况，项圈是故意松开的，可以被北极熊摘下的。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这些巨大的项圈是故意松开的，这样如果一个项圈让熊觉得讨厌，熊可能会把它取下来。A. d
51、estroy摧毁；B. remove移掉，脱下，摘下；C. resist抵抗，抵制；D. reject拒绝。此处表示北极熊不愿带项圈时，项圈是可以被北极熊摘下的。故选B项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“这些掉下来的项圈很有可能被认为是垃圾数据，”阿尔伯塔大学的北极熊研究人员娜塔莎克拉普斯坦说。A. particularly尤其；B. relevantly相关地；C. intentionally有意地；D. potentially有可能地。根据上文语境，由于项圈可以被松开，因此，这部分掉下来的项圈很有可能被认为是垃圾数据。故选D项。24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，她和她的同事
52、利用遗留在加拿大哈德逊湾的冰块上留下的项圈上的测量数据来追踪冰块本身。A. estimates估计；B. subjects主题；C. measurements测量数据；D. patents专利。与上文garbage data呼应，根据本句中“from such collars”可知，在项圈上的应该是测量数据。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在六月份发表在冰冻圈上的研究中，研究人员鉴定了20个项圈，它们在2005年到2015年之间发送的运动数据与冰层漂移而不是与北极熊的运动一致。A. displayed展示；B. identified识别，鉴定；C. justified证明合法；
53、D. preserved保护。此处是出于研究目的，从四个选项来看只有identified最符合搭配。故选B项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在六月份发表在冰冻圈上的研究中，研究人员鉴定了20个项圈，它们在2005年到2015年之间发送的运动数据与冰层漂移而不是与北极熊的运动一致。A. behavior行为；B. habitat栖息地；C. manner方式、礼仪；D. motion运动。本题为单词复现题。第8空所在的句子“and satellite observations often cannot accurately capture the motion of small ice
54、sheets”中出现了motion。故选D项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：关于融化的冰如何在哈德逊湾典型漂移的结果记录是独特的：地面传感器不易探测，卫星观测常常无法准确捕捉小冰原的运动。A. flexible灵活的；B. favorable赞许的；C. accessible易接近的、可理解的；D. changeable可改变的。根据“often cannot”及“no easily”可知，此处表示无法探测地面传感器。故选C项。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：关于融化的冰如何在哈德逊湾典型漂移的结果记录是独特的：地面传感器不易探测，卫星观测常常无法准确捕捉小冰原的运动。A. i
55、nternally内部地；B. accurately精确地；C. securely安全地；D. independently独立地。根据“capture the motion of small ice sheets”及“no easily”可知，此处表示无法精确捕捉小冰原的运动。故选B项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：项圈数据表明，NSIDC模型低估了哈德逊湾海冰移动的速度以及漂移的总体范围。A. extent范围；B. damage毁坏；C. trend趋势；D. limit限制。根据下文“Over the course of several months the model coul
56、d drift away from an ice sheets location by a few hundred kilometers”可知，此处指总体的漂移范围。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着北极熊在逆冰移动的时候可能比科学家们想象的更加努力。A. agreed同意；B. promised保证；C. proved证明；D. assumed设想，假设。根据后文的“underestimating”可知，此处表示科学家的设想。故选D项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项研究及时地揭示了高速移动的冰是如何移动的。A. immediate立刻的；B. superi
57、or更好的，上级的；C. entire 整体的；D. timely及时的。从文章后面对于近年冰盖变化的描述来看，此处是表达科学家对于冰盖漂移发现的及时性。故选D项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于冰川融化在未来几年会增加，这样的冰块在更北边的地方可能会变得更常见。A. evident清晰可见的；B. unique独一无二的；C. common 普通的，常见的；D. realistic现实的。根据“As melting increases in coming years”推测，这样的冰块在北方更为常见。故选C项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家们已经知道NSIDC的数据可
58、能会低估漂移速度，但“任何时候我们都能发现数据缺口，这是一件好事。”A. gap缺口；B. scan扫描；C. boom（贸易和经济活动的）激增；D. fit（癫痫等的）突发，发作。根据“NSIDC data could underestimate drift speeds”和“it is a good thing.”可知，这里指发现数据缺口。故选A项。【34题详解】考查过去分词词义辨析。句意：此外，未参与这项研究的NSIDC资深研究科学家Walt Meier说：“这些数据可以改善对溢油或其他污染物如何在满是浮冰的海洋中扩散的预测。”A. replaced被替换的；B. littered散放的
59、；C. packed被打包的；D. matched被配对的。此处“littered with drifting ice”修饰“ocean”，为过去分词作后置定语，意思为：满是浮冰的。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样的发现甚至也许会影响未来的NSIDC模型。A. reverse逆转；B. resemble类似，像；C. influence影响；D. motivate激励。上文有提到模型和实际的差距，因此这项研究只能影响到新的模型，做出调整和改进。故选C项。Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each
60、passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read(A)The term bird brain is frequently used to describe a persons lack of i
61、ntelligence and good decision-making ability. However, some scientists believe it should be considered a compliment, given that many birds can perform tasks that were once considered solely by humans. These include manufacturing and using tools, solving problems, and planning for future needs. Now,
62、Griffin, an African Grey parrot, has proved that birds may even possess better visual memories than human adults and children.The study, led by Harvard Professor Hrag Pailian , had the parrot compete in the shell game against twenty-one undergraduate students and twenty-one 6-to 8-year-old children.
63、 The popular challenge involves hiding a small object under one of three, or more, inverted cups or nutshells, which are moved around. Participants are required to accurately identify the cup under which the object lies.The Harvard team began by placing different-colored balls under four cups and mo
64、ving them around. To make the task more challenging, the researchers required participants to track two, three, and four balls at the same time. The cup positions were moved between zero to four times for each of the combinations.An analysis of the results showed that Griffin outperformed the 6-to 8
65、-year-olds across all levels on average. Even more impressive, the bird brain performed as well as, or slightly better than, the 21 Harvard students on 12 of the 14 trials! It was only in the final two tests, which had the most balls and most movement, that the parrot fell behind the adults. However
66、, Griffins performance never fell below that of the children.The fun experiment was conducted to test the brains ability to recall memories of things that are no longer in view and then update them when faced with new information, like a change in location. The visual working memory, is one of the f
67、oundations for intelligent behavior.Griffin was the candidate of choice because the scientists needed an animal that was evolutionarily different for comparison but had a brain functionality similar to that of humans. The fact that the smart parrot loves to show off his brain power, in exchange for
68、a few nuts, did not hurt either.36. Birds can do the following tasks EXCEPT .A. using toolsB. solving problemsC. identifying objectsD. counting numbers37. In the experiment, the participants were supposed to .A. distinguish the balls and the cups based on the colorB. tell how many times the colored
69、balls were moved aroundC. indicate the locations of the balls by tracking their movementD. count the number of ball combinations and identify their positions38. What is the finding of the study led by Harvard professor Hrag Pailian?A. Birds brain is capable of updating information constantly.B. Bird
70、s are good at dealing with game-like challenges.C. Birds have higher level of intelligence than children.D. Birds have better visual memories than previously thought.39. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Birds generally love to compete and show off.B. Birds brain power used to be underestimat
71、ed.C. Birds brain evolved the way humans did.D. Bird brain is used as a compliment nowadays.【答案】36. D 37. C 38. D 39. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了有研究发现许多鸟类能够完成曾经被认为只有人类才能完成的任务。文章主要介绍了这一研究的开展过程以及研究中关于鸟类的研究发现。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“These include manufacturing and using tools, solving problems, and planning for f
72、uture needs.(这些包括制造和使用工具，解决问题，以及计划未来的需求)”以及第二段中“Participants are required to accurately identify the cup under which the object lies.(参赛鸟必须准确地辨认出物品所在的杯子)”可知使用工具、解决问题、识别物体都是鸟类能做到的，除了D选项“数数”文章没有提到。故选D。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“To make the task more challenging, the researchers required participants to track
73、 two, three, and four balls at the same time.(为了使这项任务更具挑战性，研究人员要求参与实验的鸟同时追踪两个、三个和四个球)”可知，参与实验的鸟需要追踪球的移动而给球定位。故选C。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The fun experiment was conducted to test the brains ability to recall memories of things that are no longer in view and then update them when faced with new informati
74、on, like a change in location. The visual working memory, is one of the foundations for intelligent behavior. (这个有趣的实验是为了测试大脑回忆不再在视野中的事物，并在面对新信息比如位置变化时,更新它们的能力。视觉工作记忆是智力行为的基础之一)”可知，哈佛大学教授Hrag Pailian的研究发现鸟类的视觉记忆比之前认为的要好。故选D。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“The term bird brain is frequently used to describe a per
75、sons lack of intelligence and good decision-making ability.(人们常用 鸟脑 来形容一个人缺乏智慧和良好的决策能力)”可推知，鸟类的脑力过去常常被低估。故选B。ZB40. Which of the following statements is TURE about 11-DAY Tour of UZBEKISTAN?A. It doesnt cover all accommodation.B. It features small-group tour.C. Flights are booked through Wild Frontie
76、rs.D. It provides homestay with the locals.41. All the information about the two tours is included in the advertisement EXCEPT _.A. departure dateB. main attractionsC. priceD. flight information42. The purpose of the advertisement is to _.A. compare two options of the Silk Road adventure.B. highligh
77、t the cultural aspect of the advertised toursC. provide detailed information about the advertised toursD. promote an eco-friendly way of touring the Silk Road【答案】40. B 41. D 42. C【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了丝绸之路之旅的两条线路。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据Whats Included中All accommodation(全部的住宿)可知，选项A的描述错误；根据Whats Included中“Small gr
78、oup size, with a maximum of 18 people”（小型旅游团，最多不超过18人。）可知，选项B的描述正确； C和D选项在文章并没有相关说明。故选B。【41题详解】细节理解题。细节理解题，从表格中对 two tours的介绍中可以看出，这个旅行项目介绍了线路，价格，出发时间，但并没有包含航班信息，故选D。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据文章标题和主要内容，可以看出广告的重点是介绍丝绸之路之旅的细节信息，包括介绍了丝绸之路的由来和特点、不同旅游团的特点以及the adventure所主要包含的内容。由此判断出，广告的目的是提供有关所宣传的旅游的详细信息。故选C。(C)In
79、 2013 Mr. Baugher planted 7,000 Fuji apple trees in the orchard (果园).Three years later,just when the trees should have been bearing fruit, he noticed that a few of them had yellow leaves. Within weeks they were dead. The next year，the problem spread to more than a few trees. By last year,2,000 of Mr
80、 Baughers 7,000 new trees were dead.Mr. Baugher has the worst case ofrapid apple decline (RAD)in the county, but he is not alone. The mysterious disease has been troubling growers across Americas northeast for at least six years. Kari Peter, a fruit-tree specialist first observed massive die-offs in
81、 her research orchard in 2013. She came up with the termRAD. But her attempts to explain it have not produced much fruit. The usual reasons for the death of tree-mould infestation, a known virus, disease, an early frost-didnt fit symptoms. Her investigation only ruled things out.The dead trees tend
82、to be younger: two to eight-years-old. They are nearing he prime of production. Dwarf trees, which are commonly used by commercial growers, seem to be the most subject. Historically, orchards held 600-700 apple trees an acre, but most are now high producing dwarf trees, which are more compact. Growe
83、rs plant 1, 200-1, 500 trees per acre. Working with the Department of Agriculture Kan found a new hidden apple virus in the infected trees. But they cannot be sure if this new virus has any connection with the decline.Researchers at Cormell University found that severe cold followed by drought (旱灾)c
84、ould have weakened the trees leaving them subject to viruses.Other scientists think that herbicides may be to blame. Dan Donahue, a fruit-tree specialist says it could be any or all of those theories. In a recent sampling, he found that 64% of young trees had hidden viruses. These do not show sympto
85、ms, but they could affect vitality. Older, larger apple trees were better at shrugging off the viruses.RAD is a big worry for the apple growers. Customer taste is changing. Traditional varieties like Red Delicious are no longer a customer favourite, so growers are having to invest in new varieties.
86、Few of the orchard growers are able to absorb the economic losses.Mr. Baugher found some relief in the Tree Assistance Programme, through which the federal government provides financial assistance to orchard-owners whose trees are damaged by natural disasters. The sudden death of apple trees may not
87、 seem as dramatic as a hurricane, but it is perhaps even more dangerous. Americans have given considerably more before in the defense of apple pie.43. The underlined wordcompactis closest in meaning to .A. complexB. denseC. remoteD. regular44. What can be learned about Kari Peter?A. It took her six
88、years to come up with the term RAD.B. Her research led to a breakthrough in apple cultivation.C. She failed to find out the definite cause of RAD.D. She was the first scientist to research apple trees.45. Based on the various researches, RAD may be caused by the following EXCEPT .A. extreme weatherB
89、. a new virusC. way of tree cultivationD. location of the orchard46. What can be inferred from the passage?A. RAD adds to the pressure on the already struggling apple growers.B. RAD doesnt qualify orchard growers for financial assistance.C. The government needs to fund more research into RAD.D. Appl
90、e growers should have stuck to traditional varieties.【答案】43. B 44. C 45. D 46. A【解析】本文是说明文。本文分析讨论了美国东北部的小苹果树为什么会死去的原因。【43题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线句上文“Historically, orchards held 600-700 apple trees an acre, but most are now high producing dwarf trees, which are more compact. Growers plant 1, 200-1, 500 trees p
91、er acre.( 历史上，果园每英亩拥有600-700棵苹果树，但现在大多数都是高产矮树，它们更compact。种植者每英亩种植1200-1500棵树)”可知，which引导定语从句，which指代dwarf trees，种植者每英亩种植1200到1500棵树，说明这些树更紧凑，划线词与B项“dense稠密的”意思相近。故选B。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“She came up with the termRAD. But her attempts to explain it have not produced much fruit. The usual reasons for th
92、e death of tree-mould infestation. a known virus, disease, an early frost-didnt fit symptoms. Her investigation only ruled things out.(她想出了“苹果快速衰落”（RAD）这个词。但她试图解释这一现象的努力并没有取得多少成果。导致树霉感染的常见原因、一种已知病毒、疾病、早期霜冻等，与症状不符。她的调查只是排除了一些可能性)”可知她没有找出RAD的确切原因，故选C。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“Working with the Department o
93、f Agriculture Kan found a new hidden apple virus in the infected trees.(与农业部合作，Kan在受感染的苹果树中发现了一种新的隐藏的苹果病毒)”和第四段的“Researchers at Cormell University found that severe cold followed by drought (旱灾)could have weakened the trees leaving them subject to viruses. Other scientists think that herbicides may
94、be to blame.(Cormell大学的研究人员发现，严寒干旱紧随其后可能会削弱了树木使他们遭受病毒。其他科学家认为，除草剂可能是罪魁祸首。)”可知极端天气，新病毒以及除草剂导致了“苹果快速衰落”（RAD）。故选D。【46题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段第一句话“RAD is a big worry for the apple growers.(RAD是苹果种植者的一大担忧)”以及后文“ Few of the orchard growers are able to absorb the economic losses.(很少有果园种植者能够承受经济损失)”可推断，“苹果快速衰落”（RAD）
95、增加了本已苦苦挣扎的苹果种植者的压力。故选A。Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Five Weeks in a BalloonChapter 12“Lets go all, shouted the doctor standing b
96、etween his two companions Joe and Kennedy. The air was pure, the wind moderate, and the balloon climbed almost upright to a height of fifteen hundred feet, as indicated by a depression of two inches in the barometric(气压的)column._47_What a magnificent spectacle was then outspread the beneath the gate
97、 of the travelers! The island of Zanzibar could be seen in its entire extent, marked out by the deeper color upon a vast plain. The fields had the appearance of patterns of different colors, and thick champs of green indicated the short trees and grass.The inhabitants of the island looked no larger
98、than insects. The laughing and shouting were little by little lost in the distance, and only the discharge of the ships guns could be heard beneath the balloon, as the latter sped on its fight.How fine that is! said Joe, breaking silence for the first time.He got no reply. The doctor was busy observ
99、ing the variations of the barometer and noting down the details of his ascent (上升)._48_The rays of the sun coming to the aid of the heating cylinder (气缸), the tension of the gas increased, and the balloon Victoria rose to the height of twenty-five hundred feet. The ship Resolute looked like a mere s
100、eashell, and the African coast could be distinctly seen in the west marked out by a margin of foam._49_Dense borders of mango-trees protected its margin, and the ebb-tide (退潮)disclosed to view their thick roots, rubbed and bitten by the teeth of the Indian Ocean. The sands which, at an earlier perio
101、d, formed the coast-line, rounded away along the distant horizon, and Mount Nguru reared aloft its sharp summit in the northwest.The Victoria passed near to a village which the doctor found marked upon his chart as Kaole. _50_At the same time, they were vainly directing their arrows against this mon
102、ster of the air that swept along so majestically away above all their powerless anger.A. Its entire population had assembled in crowds, and were yelling with anger and fear.B. At this height a more decided current carried the balloon toward the southwest.C. The country over which we are passing will
103、 become more fertile, richer and fuller of vitality than the rest.D. It was then found to be passing just over the Mrima country, the name of this part of the eastern coast of Africa.E. Kennedy looked on, and had not eyes enough to take in all that he saw.F. Why is it that such uncivilized countries
104、 get all these fine things?【答案】47. B 48. E 49. D 50. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了维多利亚号升空后所看到的景象，和经过的地区。【47题详解】根据上文中“The air was pure, the wind moderate, and the balloon climbed almost upright to a height of fifteen hundred feet, as indicated by a depression of two inches in the barometric(气压的)column.( 空气纯净，
105、微风温和，气球上升近垂直一千五百英尺的高度，气压表上显示两英寸的压强)”可知，本句应承接上文，继续说明高度和气流的情况，且上文中a height of fifteen hundred feet可与B选项中At this height相对应。故B选项“在这个高度上，一股更稳定的气流吹着气球向西南方向移动”符合语境，故选B。【48题详解】根据上文中“The inhabitants of the island looked no larger than insects. The laughing and shouting were little by little lost in the dista
106、nce, and only the discharge of the ships guns could be heard beneath the balloon(岛上的居民看起来和昆虫差不多大。远处的欢声笑语渐渐消失了，只听见气球下面的炮声)”可知，上文提到居民和昆虫差不多大，说明本句是在以远离地面的角度看到的，且E选项中“所看到的一切”就指的是岛上的一切，小岛在热气球慢慢升高过程中渐渐远去的景色。故E选项“肯尼迪在一旁看着，他的眼睛不足以让他把一切都看到”符合语境，故选E。【49题详解】根据上文“The ship Resolute looked like a mere seashell, a
107、nd the African coast could be distinctly seen in the west marked out by a margin of foam.(“坚决号”船看上去不过是一只贝壳，在西边可以清楚地看到非洲海岸被边缘的泡沫标记出来)”以及后文“Dense borders of mango-trees protected its margin (稠密的芒果树的边界保护着它的边缘)”可知，本段主要是在描述“坚决号”船经过地区的景色，上文提到可以清楚地看到非洲海岸，可推知经过的是非洲海岸的一个地区，后文中its与D选项中Mrima country相对应。故D选项“后来
108、人们发现它刚好经过Mrima村，这是非洲东海岸这部分地区的名字”符合语境，故选D。【50题详解】根据上文“The Victoria passed near to a village which the doctor found marked upon his chart as Kaole.(维多利亚号经过一个村子附近，医生发现这个村子在他的地图上标着“科尔”)”以及后文“At the same time, they were vainly directing their arrows against this monster of the air that swept along so maj
109、estically away above all their powerless anger.(与此同时，他们徒劳地把箭射向这个空中的怪物，它在他们无力的愤怒中庄严地向前掠去)”可知，本句应当是在说明当热气球经过“科尔”这个村庄时当地人的反应。A选项中Its指代Kaole。故A选项“那里所有的人都聚集在一起，愤怒而又恐惧地叫喊着”符合语境，故选A。IV Summary Writing51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in
110、 no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Virtual FitnessExercise plays a very important role in a healthy lifestyle. But you may not have time or money to go to a gym on a regular basis. The good news is that todays technology lets you access fitness classes from the comfort of
111、your home. A quick Internet search will turn up thousands of online fitness classes. You can watch videos on your phone, computer or tablet and do the exercises right where you are. All you need is an Internet connection and a space large enough to move around in. Online fitness classes take a wide
112、variety of forms. Some focus on stretches and slow movements. Other classes involve fast aerobic activity, while others build muscle strength. Some require equipment such as weights, but others use only your body. This means that you can choose a class that does what you like. And you can try a diff
113、erent one whenever you like. Anyone can post a fitness video on the Internet. Not everyone knows what they are doing. So it is important to think about who is teaching the class. Try to find teachers who are certified by an organization with a good reputation. I tried some virtual fitness classes se
114、veral years ago.The reason was simple: convenience. I could do a fitness class at any time of day. I didnt need to travel to a gym and back, which saved me a lot of time. But being able to work out any time meant I kept putting it off. Id do everything else first and then the day would be over. Id n
115、ever actually get around to exercising. Having to exercise at a definite time means I have to put it on my schedule. So for me, scheduled classes such as those at a gym are helpful. Anyhow,if the gym isnt for you, you may want to give an online fitness class a try.【答案】Modern technology makes online
116、fitness classes possible for you to workout right where you are. With various forms to choose , you can try whichever class you like. Its vital to find a certified teacher with a good reputation. When trying appreciating the convenience that online fitness classes bring , youd better schedule them a
117、head of time.【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了现代科技使在线健身课程成为可能，让你在原地锻炼。有各种形式可供选择，你可以尝试任何一个类你喜欢。找到一个有良好声誉的认证教师是至关重要的。当你尝试欣赏在线健身课程带来的便利时，你最好提前安排。【详解】1 要点摘录Todays technology lets you access fitness classes from the comfort of your home. Online fitness classes、 do the exercises right where you are. Online fitness cl
118、asses take a wide variety of forms. You can choose a class that does what you like. Try to find teachers who are certified by an organization with a good reputation.The reason was simple: convenience。 I have to put it on my schedule； give an online fitness class a try.2.缜密构思第一段为一个要点，第二段为第二个要点，第三段前半段
119、单独一个要点，后半段与第四五段合并整合成一个要点。3.遣词造句Modern technology makes online fitness classes possible for you to workout right where you are. With various forms to choose , you can try whichever class you like. Its vital to find a certified teacher with a good reputation. When trying appreciating the convenience t
120、hat online fitness classes bring , youd better schedule them ahead of time.【点睛】高分句型1 With various forms to choose , you can try whichever class you like.运用with复合结构。 高分句型2When trying appreciating the convenience that online fitness classes bring , youd better schedule them ahead of time.状语从句的 省略。V.Tr
121、anslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.52. 教导孩子道德标准的最好方法就是以身作则。(approach)(汉译英)【答案】The best approach to teaching a kid moral standards is to set a good example.【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配。由句意可知，本句讲的是客观事实，时态用一般现在时，固定搭配the approach to doing sth.（做某事的
122、方法），teach sb. sth.（教某人某事），moral standards （道德标准），set a good example（树立好榜样)，主语The best approach to teaching a kid moral standards，系动词 is，动词不定式短语to set a good example作表语。故翻译为：The best approach to teaching a kid moral standards is to set a good example。53. 全套中国首部传统民间艺术丛书预计2022年面世。(schedule) (汉译英)【答案】Th
123、e full set of Chinas first book series on traditional folk art is scheduled to meet the audience in 2022.【解析】【详解】考查短语和时态。根据汉语提示“全套”可知短语为the full set of；表示“传统民间艺术”短语为traditional folk art；表示“预计”短语为be scheduled to；此处应用一般现在时，主语为单数名词，谓语动词应用单数。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为The full set of Chinas first book series on tradi
124、tional folk art is scheduled to meet the audience in 2022.54. 为社会做奉献的方式有很多种，其中之一就是利用闲暇时间到社区服务中心做义工。(which) (汉译英)【答案】There are many ways to contribute to society, one of which is to be a volunteer at the community service center in our leisure hours.【解析】【详解】考查there be句型，不定式和which引导的非限制性定语从句。对照中文句意可知，
125、本句需用there be句型，主语是 many ways“许多方式”，其后接动词不定式短语to contribute to society“为社会做奉献”作后置定语，本句需用one of which引导非限制性定语从句，用which指代先行词many ways并在从句中作介词of的宾语，to be a volunteer“做义工”， 在句中作表语，at the community service center在社区服务中心，作地点状语， in our leisure hours在闲暇时间，作时间状语，陈述的是客观情况，用一般现在时，故翻译为：There are many ways to con
126、tribute to society, one of which is to be a volunteer at the community service center in our leisure hours.55. 曾几何时，她钟爱文学，挑灯夜读，文思泉涌，可如今繁重的学业压力让读闲书和写随笔成为奢求。(it) (汉译英)【答案】There was a time when she loved literature, often burned the midnight oil to read and was full of ideas while writing, but now the
127、heavy academic pressure makes it a luxury for her to read and write as she likes/to do light reading and write casually.【解析】【详解】考查it作形式宾语、时态和固定句式。根据句意可知，“曾几何时”可译为there was a time when.，“钟爱文学”可译为love literature，“挑灯夜读”可译为burn the midnight oil to read，“文思泉涌”可译为be full of ideas while writing，“读闲书和写随笔”可译
128、为read and write as she likes或do light reading and write casually，“奢求”可译为a luxury。“繁重的学业压力”译为：the heavy academic pressure，该分句陈述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时；为平衡句子结构使用it作形式宾语，make it+n for sb to do，使做某事对于某人来说是一种，其中名词作宾补，后面的不定式是真正的主语，该分句陈述的是现在的情况，用一般现在时，两分句在语意上是转折关系，用转折连词but连接，故翻译为There was a time when she loved lite
129、rature, often burned the midnight oil to read and was full of ideas while writing, but now the heavy academic pressure makes it a luxury for her to read and write as she likes/to do light reading and write casually.VI.Guided Writing56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words accord
130、ing to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学高三学生张华，最近你们学校的团组织响应市政府号召，正在开展午餐光盘(clean-plate)行动。现向全体学生征集减少食物浪费的可行性建议。你决定写一封信回应。在信中，你必须:1.提出减少浪费食物的建议。2.说明你的理由。【答案】Dear sir or madam,Recently, clear-plate campaign is more and more popular in society, which advocates saving against wasting. Hear
131、ing that our school has also responded to the governments call and is collecting students opinions, I cant wait to express my ideas and suggestion as follows.As far as I am concerned, its high time that we should fight against wasting. Firstly, I think our school should carry out various activities
132、to arouse students awareness of saving. Secondly, relevant rules and regulations are supposed to be made to punish those who waste things. Most importantly, we should form the habit of saving from now. It is everybodys duty to save resources.Why am I making these Suggestions?As we all know, the Chin
133、ese traditional virtue is to be thrifty even we are live in a better life. People should come to realize the importance of saving food and put an end to the expensive feasts and banquets.All in all, I think this campaign should be moving on and everyone should take it seriously.Yours,Zhang Hua【解析】【分
134、析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求你根据午餐光盘(clean-plate)行动回复一封询问信，针对减少食物浪费提出可行性建议。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 介绍午餐光盘行动；2. 提出减少浪费食物的建议；3. 说明你的理由。第二步:列提纲（重点词组）advocate saving; respond to; cant wait to; as follows; As far as I am concerned; carry out;. arouse students
135、awareness of第三步：连词成句1.As far as I am concerned, its high time that we should fight against wasting. 2. Firstly, I think our school should carry out various activities to arouse students awareness of saving. 3.Secondly, relevant rules and regulations are supposed to be made to punish those who waste
136、things.4. Most importantly, we should form the habit of saving from now. It is everybodys duty to save resources.5.Why am I making these Suggestions?6.As we all know, the Chinese traditional virtue is to be thrifty even we are live in a better life. 7.People should come to realize the importance of
137、saving food and put an end to the expensive feasts and banquets.8.All in all, I think this campaign should be moving on and everyone should take it seriously.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表示文章结构顺序：Firstly, Secondly, All in all连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，【点睛】高分句型1Recently, cle
138、ar-plate campaign is more and more popular in society, which advocates saving against wasting.（最近，“光盘运动”在社会上越来越流行，提倡节约，反对浪费。）运用了非限制性定语从句。高分句型2Hearing that our school has also responded to the governments call and is collecting students opinions, I cant wait to express my ideas and suggestion as follows.（听说我们学校也响应了政府的号召，正在收集同学们的意见，我迫不及待地想表达一下我的想法和建议。）运用了非谓语动词结构。
