1、规范练(十三) .阅读理解AWe may not be aware of it， but ordinary family homes in the U.S. and the rest of the world are not energyefficient.Most of their energy goes to heating and cooling， and a lot of it is wasted， as warm air and cool air escape through fireplace chimneys and thin or poorly fitting windows
2、and doors. A passive house loses almost none. “Imagine a thermos(保温瓶)，” said housing developer Brendan ONeill. “You have insulation (隔绝) everywhere， and its basically completely sealed. And so the idea is to build a house like a thermos. So the windows are sealed. Theres insulation completely surrou
3、nding the building. We make it as sealed as possible.”A 147squaremeter passive house， presented by ONeill Development Corp. as a demonstration unit just outside Washington， was brought to the site in two boxes. “Once its set and put together， it takes about four weeks to complete the outside constru
4、ction， to put down carpets，” ONeill said. “If everything is set in place， you put a house like this together in about four months.” The total cost of building it was $325，000， or about 17 percent more than constructing an ordinary house. But its utility (公用事业) bill is only around $20 monthly， or one
5、tenth the amount for the average house of the same size.While passive houses have been around for a long time， the idea has never taken root in the U.S. There was no driving force to push it.However， David Peabody， an architect who designs passive houses said， “I think climate change is now becoming
6、 a larger issue. And I think building standards are catching on to that. So people are becoming more aware of energy.” Peabody said the cost of building passive houses could come down. “What really makes sense for truly affordable housing，” he said， “is to build multistorey buildings.”语篇解读本文是说明文。普通的
7、家庭住房因隔热效果不佳而浪费了很多能源，因此，被动式节能屋应运而生。1.Why arent ordinary family homes energyefficient？A.Building them wastes much energy.B.Their energy mainly goes to heating and cooling.C.Their sealing performance is poor.D.They have no insulation around at all.解析：考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“a lot of it is wasted， as warm air an
8、d cool air escape through fireplace chimneys and thin or poorly fitting windows and doors”可知，普通住房的能源浪费较多，接着下面以保温瓶为例说明被动式节能屋的密封性好，由此可推知，普通房屋的密封性不好。答案：C2.What is the feature of a passive house？A.Therere no windows or chimneys.B.Theres little space to place furniture.C.Its building cost is relatively h
9、igh.D.It takes about four weeks to build one.解析：考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The total cost of building it was $325，000，or about 17 percent more than constructing an ordinary house”可知，被动式节能屋的建筑成本比普通房屋高大约17%，故C项正确。答案：C3.How are passive houses in the U.S. now？A.They enjoy little popularity.B.Multistorey ones are co
10、mmon.C.Building passive houses is impractical.D.Their advantages are still unclear.解析：考查推理判断。根据第四段的内容可知，尽管被动式节能屋已经诞生了很长时间了，但是这个概念还未在美国根深蒂固，没有推广这种房屋的动力。言外之意就是被动式节能屋现在并未在美国盛行。故答案选A。答案：A4.Whats David Peabodys attitude to the future of the passive house？A.Cautious.B.Optimistic.C.Skeptical. D.Concerned.解
11、析：考查推理判断。根据最后一段段首的转折词“However”和后面的内容“I think climate change is now becoming a larger issue.And I think building standards are catching on to that.So people are becoming more aware of energy”“the cost of building passive houses could come down”可知，David Peabody认为气候变化现在是一个大事件，建筑标准在紧跟这一点，因此人们的节能意识在增强，此外
12、，被动式节能屋的(建筑)成本可能会降低，这些都会促使被动式节能屋的盛行，故他对被动式节能屋的前景是乐观的。答案：BBMy divorce was now final and I needed to find a new home for me and my sixyearold son， Dash. A few days earlier Id seen an ad. I was willing to try anything， so I contacted the owner， a woman named Camille. When she emailed me back I discover
13、ed she wasnt renting a house at all. She was renting the attic (阁楼) apartment. I left her a message calling off our meeting.But Camille called me back and insisted I come over. So here I was. I pulled the car to a stop and looked up at the tiny cottage. The house was small as it was. The attics wind
14、ow looked too tiny to let much light in. We couldnt live in a dark， depressing place. I could make do with almost anything. But Dash needs a good home， a place he really feels safe.No sense in wasting her time or mine. I knocked. The woman who opened the door was small and brighteyed. She was much o
15、lder than Id guessed， but I could see she had the energy of someone half her age. She looked so sympathetic that I found myself wanting to keep talking to her. “We have to leave our home，” I explained. “My marriage ended. I only have a few days to find something else， but I want it to be right.”Cami
16、lle nodded. “Youre a good mother. You never know the miracles that await you around the corner.” Camille walked me to the door and wished me well. I got back in the car and snapped_out_of_it. I drove off slowly， hoping to make the feeling last. I turned down a side street I didnt recognize. I glance
17、d out of the side window. Just up ahead was a cottage with a sign out in front： for rent.I pulled over. I found the owners had just bought the house themselves and were decorating it， hoping to find the perfect renters. They took me on a tour of the house that was like a copy of my list： a big bedro
18、om for Dash， a backyard with trees， and a great school nearby. The house was meant for us！Camille was right. Miracles await us， just around the corner.语篇解读本文是记叙文，讲述的是作者离婚后，独自带着儿子寻找出租房屋的经历。5.How did the author feel after receiving Camilles email？A.Disappointed. B.Excited.C.Anxious. D.Content.解析：考查推理判
19、断。根据第一段中的“When she emailed me back I discovered she wasnt renting a house at all. I left her a message calling off our meeting”可推知，收到Camille的邮件之后，作者发现她出租的房子并不是自己想要的那种，因此给Camille留言取消见面，由此可推知作者应是感到失望的。答案：A6.Why must the author find a good place？A.To begin a new life.B.To give Dash a good education.C.F
20、or her sons sake.D.For her and her sons safety.解析：考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“We couldnt live in a dark， depressing place. I could make do with almost anything. But Dash needs a good home，a place he really feels safe”可知，作者觉得她和儿子Dash不能住在黑暗又压抑的地方，她自己可以忍受得了一切，但是Dash需要一个温暖的家，一个他真正感觉安全的地方，第四段也提到“Youre a good mother”，
21、由此可知，作者心心念念要找一个好地方完全是为了儿子Dash。答案：C7.What does the underlined part “snapped out of it” probably mean？A.Say something in an impatient voice.B.Stop feeling unhappy or depressed.C.Make a sharp noise suddenly.D.Lose control of ones feelings.解析：考查词义猜测。根据第四段的内容，尤其是“You never know the miracles that await yo
22、u around the corner. I drove off slowly， hoping to make the feeling last”可知，在Camille的鼓励下，作者重新燃起对生活的希望，摆脱了郁闷的心境，她驾车慢慢离开，希望这种愉悦的感觉持续下去。故画线部分应是“抛掉不愉快的情绪，摆脱郁闷的心境”之意。答案：B8.What message does the passage mainly convey？A.Never lose hope.B.No pains， no gains.C.Every little bit helps.D.Well begun is half done
23、.解析：考查推理判断。根据文章内容，尤其是第四段中的“You never know the miracles that await you around the corner”及最后一段中的“Miracles await us，just around the corner”可知答案为A。答案：A.阅读填句Building a healthy family relationship is essential for families of all types. Without a healthy family relationship， it can feel like someone has
24、no one to turn to in times of crisis. Yet family members are there for you whenever you need them. _1_Eat dinner as a family every night. _2_ Parents. com states that eating together teaches children proper etiquette (礼节) and also encourages them to eat healthier foods. Even if you dont have childre
25、n， eating together allows you to relax from the busy pace of work and discuss the day._3_ If your husband asks for some time alone， give it to him. Dont check your teenagers things when they arent around. Everyone needs some time alone， and respecting privacy is one of the things that build solid re
26、lationships.Spend recreational time together. You can play board games together every Friday night， join a family sporting league or read a book together. It can be challenging to make time for families， creating regular family rituals， such as fun events. _4_ Spending regular time together is what
27、makes a family a tight unit._5_ To maintain a healthy family relationship， each member must be able to communicate freely with one another， as well as listen effectively. Listening allows you to learn more about your family members thoughts and personalities and communicating allows you to express y
28、ourself to relieve frustrations and other emotions.A.Respect each others personal space.B.Never try to interrupt a family member.C.Allow everyone to openly communicate feelings.D.This effective type of communication prevents arguments.E.But it can help you reconnect each week and know each other bet
29、ter.F.Eating together as a family is a healthy habit that helps bring all together.G.Healthy family relationships dont come automaticallythey come with time and effort.语篇解读本文为说明文，介绍了四种建立健康的家庭关系的方法。1.解析：根据下文内容可知，此处应选一个能够起承上启下的作用的句子，故G项符合语境。答案：G2.解析：选项F中的“Eating together as a family”与本段的主题句“Eat dinner
30、 as a family every night”和空后的“eating together”相呼应，故选F。答案：F3.解析：根据下文中的“some time alone”“respecting privacy”可知A项“Respect each others personal space”最能概括本段的主要内容。答案：A4.解析：由空前的“It can be challenging to make time for families， creating regular family rituals，such as fun events”可知E项符合语境。答案：E5.解析：由下文中的“.eac
31、h member must be able to communicate freely with one another”可知，本段的中心思想是让家人自由地交流。答案：C.语法填空Among the few scientists who have had a great effect on science and history， Albert Einstein is perhaps the 1._ (great). An American university president once commented that Einstein had created 2._ new view of
32、 the universe. His theory has completely changed the way scientists understand time and space. Now， more and more people agree that the universe is something more complicated than 3._ they have ever thought before.Einstein 4._ (bear) in Germany in 1879. In 1914， young Einstein， already international
33、ly famous， became a professor at an institute in Berlin. He had few duties， little teaching and unlimited opportunities for study. However，5._ peaceful life was soon broken by the First World War.Einstein hated violence. He was deeply affected by the war； he sat 6._ (happily) in his office doing not
34、hing and 7._ (lose) interest in his research. Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work.In the years 8._ (follow) the First World War， people showered honor upon him. He became the head of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Theoretical Physics. In 1921 he won the Noble Prize 9._ Physics and was greatly honored and respected in Germany. However， his life was again disrupted. The Second World War broke out and Einstein had to move to the US，10._ he lived until his death in 1955.答案：1.greatest2.a3.what4.was born5.his6.unhappily7.lost8.following9.for10.where