1、上海市曹杨二中2020-2021学年高一英语上学期12月月考试题（含解析）I. Listening Comprehension (20%)Section ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about it. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After
2、you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. For one week. B. For less than a week.C. For two weeks. D. Hard to say.2. A. Go to her sisters wedding ceremony. B. Stay at ho
3、me.C. Go to Georges birthday party. D. Go to Georges house-warming party.3. A. 50 dollars. B. 40 dollars. C. 60 dollars. D. 55 dollars.4. A. She feels bored with the idea. B. She thinks ballet is funny.C. She will not go with the man anyway. D. She shows interest in the show.5 A. Snowy. B. Sunny. C.
4、 Windy. D. Cloudy.6. A. She hasnt seen Monets paintings for ten years.B. She hasnt been to the museum for long.C. She has been interested in Monets paintings for ten years.D. She used to own one of Monets paintings.7. A. Father and daughter. B. Friends.C. Husband and wife. D. Boss and his employee.8
5、. A. The man is not interested in the game this weekend.B. The man is not interested in the team that will play this weekend.C. The man doesnt want to mention the game.D. The man is not interested in watching any game.9. A. She would see Ellen at last.B. She saw Ellen for the last time not long ago.
6、C She has many people to see before Ellen.D. She wouldnt like to see Ellen at all.10. A. The woman is sorry for not being able to spend the holiday with the man.B. The man is a bit annoyed because the woman didnt tell him her plan for the winter holiday.C. The man is sorry about not being able to go
7、 to Malaysia.D The woman is excited about spending the winter holiday in Malaysia without the man.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will
8、 be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 70. B. 80. C. 130. D. 15.12. A.
9、On Tuesdays. B. On Wednesdays.C. On Sundays. D. On Mondays.13. A. The English Family club. B. The painting club.C. The sports club. D. The music club.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Because they havent as much interest in finding the cure as in space travel.B. Becau
10、se there are too many kinds of cold viruses for them to identify.C. Because it is not economical to find a cure for each type of cold.D. Because they believe people can recover without treatment.15. A. They reveal the seriousness of the problem.B. They indicate how fast the virus spreads.C. They tel
11、l us what kind of medicine to take.D. They show our body is fighting the virus.16. A. It can actually does more harm than good.B. It causes damage to some organs of our body.C. It works better when combined with other remedies.D. It helps us to recover much sooner.Questions 17 through 20 are based o
12、n the following conversation.17. A. It lasts till today.B. It lasted about ten years.C. Its not mentioned in the conversation.D. It lasts forever.18. A. The commercial success of several boys and girls.B. The funny daily stories that happened to a group of close friends.C. How people in Manhattan ma
13、de their living.D. American culture, mainly the coffee culture.19. A. It always received positive reviews from the critics.B. It enjoyed a high rate of watching.C. It was used as a tool for English learning all over the world.D. It became a cultural phenomenon.20. A. They may go to the “Central Perk
14、” for a cup of coffee.B. They may open a new coffee shop together.C. They may start practicing English with each other.D. They may go to the womans place to enjoy the show.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A (10%)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B,
15、 C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.1. _the city lies the famous beautiful mountain.A. 40 miles southeast ofB. To 40 miles southeast ofC. Southeast 40 miles toD. To southeast 40 miles of【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查副词和倒装句。句意：这座城市东南四十英里处坐落着那座著名而美丽的山。表示方位，“城市东南方向四十公里的地方”，用(to the)+方
16、位词，数量概念放在介词短语或副词短语的前面，句子使用完全倒装。故选A。【点睛】2. I had wanted to help you last night but I couldnt spare any time, for I _ a composition which I have to hand in this morning.A. wroteB. was writingC. had writtenD. have written【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时态。句意：我昨晚本来想帮你的，但我不能抽出时间，因为我正在写一篇今天早上必须交的作文。 根据上文“I had wanted
17、to help you last night but I couldnt spare any time”可知，昨天晚上没空帮助你，结合下文的时间状语in this morning可知，表示过去某段时间一直在做的事情，故用过去进行时，故选B。【点睛】3. Our principal would like to accept _ of the practical suggestions on how to improve students lunch.A. eitherB. neitherC. bothD. any【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：我们的校长愿意接受任何关于如何
18、改善学生午餐的实际建议。A. either两者之一；B. neither两者都不；C. both两者都；D. any任何一个，任何一些。根据后文“the practical suggestions”和，可知此处表“任何建议”，应用any。故选D项。4. When youre around 17, your brain has reached the point _you can easily make wise decisions.A. whenB. whichC. whereD. that【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当你17岁左右的时候，你的大脑已经可以很容易地做出明智的决
19、定。本句是定语从句，先行词是point，抽象地点名词，从句缺少地点状语，用where引导。故选C。5. If the population of the Earth goes on increasing at its present rate, by the middle of the 21st century, we _ all the oil that drives our cars.A. will use upB. will have been using upC. will have used upD. have used up【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：如果地球上的
20、人口继续以目前的速度增长的话，到21世纪中叶，我们将会用完所有的汽车用油。根据上文 by the middle of the 21st century可知，表示在将来某一时间之前已完成的动作，并往往对将来某一时间产生影响，应用将来完成时。故选C。6. An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area _ interact with one another.A. thatB. whereC. whoD. what【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一个生态系统由一个区域内的可以相互作用的生物和非生物成
21、的。根据句意可知，_ interact with one another是定语从句，修饰先行词the living and nonliving things，故排除what,what不能用于定语从句。在该定语从句中，interact 缺少主语，因此排除B项。That 既可以代指人，也可以代指物，who只能代指人，根据中的先行词是the living and nonliving things 是既有人又有物，因此只能选择A项。7. It is worth much _ what is worth _.A. doing to doB. to do, to doC. to do, doingD. d
22、oing, doing【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：值得做的事值得做。此句中it是作形式主语，后用不定式做真正的主语，因此，第一空用to do；be worth doing值得做，这是个固定短语。因此，第二空用doing。故选C。8. That was the first time the old lady _ her suffering to others.A. was tellingB. had toldC. have toldD. told【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：这是老太太第一次向别人诉说她的痛苦。“That was the first time th
23、at.第一次.”是固定句型，当主句谓语部分是“was”时，从句使用过去完成时。故选B。9. The result was far beyond _ we had expected, _ brought great joy to every one of usA. that; whichB. than; thatC. what; whatD. what; which【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句和定语从句。句意：结果远远超出了我们的预期，这给我们每个人带来了极大的快乐。 考查宾语从句和定语从句。分析句子可知，beyond是介词，故第一空引导宾语从句，从句缺少expect的宾语，故用连词w
24、hat在从句中做宾语，第二空引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句，从句中作主语，用关系代词which，故选D。10. Feeling more and more pressure from the environment _, the government has decided to close down the factories pouring out poisonous chemicals.A. pollutedB. having pollutedC. being pollutedD. having been polluted【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于受到越来越
25、多的来自环境污染的压力，政府决定关闭那些排放有毒化学品的工厂。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词。句中from是介词，the environment与pollute之间为被动关系，所以用动名词的被动式being polluted。故选C。Section B (10%)Directions: Read the following passage and fill in each blank with the proper form of the verbs given in brackets.Surviving in the WildernessMany people enjo
26、y travelling through wild and deserted landscapes, but few expect to end up in a genuine survival situation. The unexpected occasionally _11_(happen), however, so you should be prepared. Imagine finding _12_ in the middle of a wilderness with a broken-down jeep and hardly any food and water. What sh
27、ould your priorities be? Should you stay with your vehicle and hope _13_(rescue)? Or should you search for civilization and risk getting even more lost? Should you spend time searching for water or food first? Or should you postpone worrying about food and water _14_ you have managed to find or buil
28、d a shelter? If you are not sure, keep readingthis article could save your life!Priority 1 ShelterDo not put off _15_(make) a shelterit should be your first priority. Try enlarging an existing, natural shelter, such as a hole in the ground below a(n) _16_ (fall) tree. If you happen to be near a rock
29、y coast, build a shelter and cover it with wood from the beach. If you are on the move, stop to build your shelter while it is still light.Priority 2 WaterIf you fail to find water, you will only survive for about three days (whereas you can survive for weeks without food). If there is no rain, try
30、walking through vegetation early in the morning to collect moisture in clothing. Avoid drinking water_17_looks or smells bad.Priority 3 FireFire has many uses. It makes food more appetizing. If you cant face eating raw worms, boil them in water to make a nourishing soup! Fire protects _18_ dangerous
31、 animals, since many will not dare to approach it. And you can also use it for signaling to rescuers_19_ they give up looking for you!Priority 4 FoodIt is quite easy to get food in the wild, if you know where to look. Many survival books suggest eating a small amount of unknown plants to test _20_ t
32、hey are poisonous. However, we do not recommend to do this, since some plants are so poisonous that even a very small amount can cause serious health problems.【答案】11. happens 12. yourself/yourselves 13. to be rescued 14. until 15. making 16. fallen 17. that/which 18. against 19. before 20. whether/i
33、f【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在荒野中没有食物没有水没有交通工具的人们应该如何进行自救。【11题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，意想不到的事时有发生，所以你应该有所准备。陈述的是客观情况，用一般现在时，“the+形容词”表一类人时为复数概念，表示”抽象的概念时”谓语动词用单数。所以谓语动词用单数。故填happens。【12题详解】考查代词。句意：想象一下，发现自己身处一片荒野中，开着一辆坏了的吉普车，几乎没有食物和水。在这一句前后都提到“you”，因此可以推测这里缺少一个代词来指自己。故填yourself/yourselves。【13题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你应该呆在你
34、的车里，希望获救吗？hope to do sth.希望做某事，由文意可知，这里应是获救即被救的意思，应使用被动，故填to be rescued。【14题详解】考查连词。句意：或者你应该推迟担心食物和水的问题，直到你找到或建造了一个避难所?由句意可知，这里应选用连词“直到”，故填until。【15题详解】考查动名词。句意：不要推迟建造庇护所它应该是你的第一要务。put off doing sth.推迟做某事。故此处填making。【16题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尝试扩大现有的天然遮蔽物，比如在树倒下的地上挖一个洞。由句意可知，表示是树已经倒下，表示动作已经完成，所以用过去分词作定语。故填fa
35、llen。【17题详解】考查定语从句。句意：避免饮用看起来或闻起来不好的水。句中先行词为drinking water，指物，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that。故填that/which。【18题详解】考查介词。句意：火能防止危险的动物，因为许多动物不敢接近火。protect against意为“防御、使免受”。故填against。【19题详解】考查连词。句意：你也可以用它向救援者发出信号在他们放弃寻找你之前！根据句意可知，发出信号求救和放弃寻找是先后关系，因此需要用before表示“在之前”。故此处应填before。【20题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：许多生存书籍建议食用少
36、量的未知植物来测试它们是否有毒。本句考查宾语从句，根据句意可知，此处应是“是否”的意思，所以用连接词if或whether。故填if/whether。Section C (10%)Directions: Complete the following sentences by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. capable B. strategy C. responsible D. risk E. treasu
37、red F. extentG. independent H. brought about I. adapted J. aim K. suffered21. A huge amount of environmental damage has been _ by the destruction of the rain forests.22. The goal of education is not to increase the amount of knowledge but to create the possibilities for a child to invent and discove
38、r, to create men who are_ of doing new things.23. By this age, the child becomes relatively_ of his mother, trying to do things on his own.24. Many software companies have _ popular programs to the new operating system.25. Family is a unique gift that needs to be appreciated and_, for it supports us
39、 financially and emotionally.26. Daring to set boundaries（界限）is about having the courage to love ourselves, even when we _ disappointing others.27. The_ of the project is to provide an outlet for childrens creativity.28. Most of us have _ the consequences of stupid decisions taken by others.29. The
40、epidemic（疫情） increased to the_ that residents were afraid to leave their homes.30. The police believe that the same man is _ for three other thefts in the area.【答案】21. H 22. A 23. G 24. I 25. E 26. D 27. J 28. K 29. F 30. C【解析】【分析】【21题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：雨林的破坏给环境造成了巨大破坏。分析句子可知，bring about“造成”是固定搭配，空格处应填被动语
41、态形式，因此填入brought about，符合句意。故选H项。【22题详解】考查形容词。句意：教育的目的不仅仅是增加知识量，而是为孩子创造创造和发现的可能性，培养出出能够创造新事物的人。分析句子可知，空格处为表语，可填形容词，capable “能够的”为形容词，且be capable of是固定搭配意为“能够做”，符合句意。故选A项。【23题详解】考查形容词。句意：在这个年龄，孩子变得相对独立，试图自己做事。分析句子可知，空格处为表语，可填形容词，independent“独立的”为形容词，且be independent of是固定搭配意为“独立于”，符合句意。故选G项。【24题详解】考查动词
42、。句意：许多软件公司已经使流行的程序适应了新的操作系统。分析句子可知，空格处应填谓语动词形式，adapted“适应”为动词，adapted to意为“适应于”，符合句意。故选I项。【25题详解】考查动词。句意：家庭是一种独特的礼物，需要得到赞赏和珍惜，因为它在经济上和情感上支持了我们。分析句子可知，空格处是to be appreciated的并列成分，共同作need的补语，treasure“珍惜”为动词，符合句意。故选E项。【26题详解】考查动词。句意：敢于树立界限，就是要有勇气去爱自己，即使我们冒着让别人失望的风险。分析句子可知，空格处应填谓语动词形式，risk“冒险”为动词，risk do
43、ing是固定搭配意为“冒险做”，符合句意。故选D项。【27题详解】考查名词。句意：该项目的目的是为儿童创造力提供一个平台。根据前面冠词the可知，空格处应填名词，aim“目标”为名词，在句中作主语，符合句意。故选J项。【28题详解】考查动词。句意：我们大多数人都遭受过他人做出愚蠢决定的后果。分析句子可知，空格处应填谓语动词形式，suffered“遭受”为动词，后接宾语the consequences符合句意。故选K项。【29题详解】考查名词。句意：流行病加剧到了居民不敢离开家的程度。根据前面冠词the可知，空格处应填名词，extent“程度”为名词，to the extent that是固定搭
44、配意为“到.程度”，符合句意。故选F项。【30题详解】考查形容词。句意：警方认为，这个人应对该地区另外三起盗窃案负责。分析句子可知，空格处为表语，可填形容词，responsible“负责的”为形容词，且be responsible for是固定搭配意为“为.负责任”，符合句意。故选C项。【点睛】III. Reading ComprehensionSection A (15%)Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill
45、 in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Most American magazines and newspapers reserve 60 percent of their pages for ads. The New York Times Sunday edition _31_ may contain 350 pages of advertisements. Some radio stations devote 40 minutes of every hour to _32_.Then there i
46、s television. The vast majority of television ads today consist of brief advertising spots, _33_ in length from a few seconds to several minutes. According to one estimate, American youngsters sit through three hours of television commercials each week. By the time they graduate from high school, th
47、ey will have been _34_ 360,000 TV ads. Television advertises in airports, hospital waiting rooms, and schools.Major sporting events are now major advertising events. Racing cars serve as high speed _35_. Some athletes receive most of their money from advertisements. One top-ranking basketball player
48、 earned $3.9 million by playing ball. Advertisers paid him nine times that much to _36_ their products.There is no escape. Commercial ads are _37_ on walls, buses, and trucks. They _38_ the inside of taxis and subways -even the doors of public toilets. _39_ messages call to us in supermarkets, store
49、s, elevators -and _40_ we are on hold on the telephone. In some countries so much advertising comes through the mail that many recipients proceed directly from the mailbox to the nearest wastebasket to _41_ the junk mail._42_ Insiders Report, published by McCann-Erickson, a global advertising agency
50、, the estimated amount of money spent on advertising worldwide in 1990 was $275.5 billion. Since then, the figures have soared to $411.6 billion for 1997 and $434.4 billion for 1998. Big money.What is the _43_ of all of this? One analyst put it this way: “Advertising is one of the most powerful soci
51、alizing forces in the culture. Ads sell _44_ than products. They sell images, values, goals, _45_ of who we are and who we should be. They shape our attitudes and our attitudes shape our behavior.”31. A. lonelyB. aloneC. singlyD. individually32. A. commerceB. consumersC. commercialsD. contracts33. A
52、. rangingB. listingC. changingD. adjusting34. A. taken toB. spent inC. expected ofD. exposed to35. A. flashesB. billboardsC. attractionsD. messages36. A. improveB. promoteC. urgeD. update37. A. suspendedB. explainedC. demonstratedD. displayed38. A. equipB. decorateC. polishD. fix39. A. AudioB. Studi
53、oC. OralD. Video40. A. sinceB. whileC. unlessD. if41. A. throw awayB. lay downC. blow outD. break down42. A. Except forB. Apart fromC. According toD. Including in43. A. effectB. affectC. result D. purpose44. A. lessB. sameC. similarD. more45. A. outlooksB. opinionsC. conceptsD. implications【答案】31. B
54、 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 36. B 37. D 38. B 39. A 40. B 41. A 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了广告广泛存在于美国杂志和报纸中，并进一步讲述了广告的作用和意义。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：仅纽约时报周日版可能就包含350页广告。A. lonely孤独的（形容词）；B. alone单独地；C. singly一个一个地；D. individually分别地。根据前文“Most American magazines and newspapers reserve 60 percent o
55、f their pages for ads.”可知，大多数美国杂志和报纸都将其页面的60用于广告。此处表示单独一本纽约时报周日版可能就包含350页广告。故选B项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些广播电台每小时将40分钟用于商业广告。A. commerce商业；B. consumers消费者；C. commercials商业广告；D. contracts合同。根据前文“The New York Times Sunday edition alone may contain 350 pages of advertisements.”可知仅纽约时报周日版可能就包含350页广告。接下来用广播的
56、例子说明一些广播电台每小时将40分钟用于商业广告。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，绝大多数电视广告都包含简短的广告，长度从几秒钟到几分钟不等。A. ranging范围；B. listing列表；C. changing更改；D. adjusting调整。根据“length from a few seconds to several minutes.”长度从几秒钟到几分钟不等。可知此处表述为广告时长的范围。故选A项。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：到他们高中毕业时，他们将可以接触到360,000个电视广告。A. taken to被带到；B. spent in花费在；C.
57、 expected of预期；D. exposed to暴露于、接触。根据前句“American youngsters sit through three hours of television commercials each week.”美国青少年每周要看三个小时的电视广告。可推知到他们高中毕业时，他们将可以接触到360,000个电视广告。故选D项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：赛车充当高速广告牌。A. flashes闪光；B. billboards广告牌；C. attractions景点；D. messages消息。根据前句“Major sporting events are n
58、ow major advertising events.”大型体育赛事现在是大型广告赛事。可知现在的赛车充当高速广告牌。故选B项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：广告商付给他九倍的钱来推销他们的产品。A. improve改善；B. promote推销；C. urge敦促；D. update更新。根据前句“Some athletes receive most of their money from advertisements. One top-ranking basketball player earned $3.9 million by playing ball. ”一些运动员从广告中
59、获得大部分收入。一名顶级篮球运动员通过打球赚了390万美元。可知篮球明星做广告推销产品获得收入是他篮球工资的9倍。故选B项。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在墙壁、公交车和卡车上展示商业广告。A. suspended暂停；B. explained解释；C. demonstrated证明；D. displayed显示。根据下文“.the inside of taxis and subways -even the doors of public toilets.”广告在出租车和地铁的内部，甚至是公共厕所的门。可知广告是无处不在的，广告商在墙壁、公交车和卡车上展示商业广告。故选D项。【38题详
60、解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们装饰出租车和地铁的内部，甚至是公共厕所的门。A. equip装备；B. decorate装饰；C. polish抛光；D. fix修复。根据前句“There is no escape. Commercial ads are displayed on walls, buses, and trucks.”可知广告是无处不在的，可推知广告被装饰在出租车和地铁的内部，甚至是公共厕所的门上。故选B项。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：语音广告会在超市、商店、电梯和我们打电话时给我们听到。A. Audio音频；B. Studio录音室；C. Oral口语；D. Vide
61、o视频。根据下文“we are on hold on the telephone”我们在打电话时，在超市、商店、电梯里，会听到音频广告。故选A项。【40题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：语音广告会在超市、商店、电梯和我们打电话时给我们听到。A. since由于；B. while当；C. unless除非；D. if如果。根据语境可知，此处表示我们在打电话时，在超市、商店、电梯里，会听到音频广告。故选B项。【41题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在某些国家或地区，大量的广告通过邮件传播，许多收件人直接从邮箱转到最近的废纸篓，扔掉垃圾邮件。A. throw away扔掉；B. lay down躺下；C
62、. blow out吹；D. break down分解。根据“to the nearest wastebasket”可知很多人直接从邮箱转到最近的废纸篓，扔掉垃圾邮件。故选A项。【42题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：根据全球广告代理商麦肯埃里克森发布的内部人士报告，1990年全世界在广告上的支出估计为2755亿美元。A. Except for除了；B. Apart from除了还；C. According to根据；D. Including in包括。刚那句下文“the estimated amount of money spent on advertising worldwide in 19
63、90 was $275.5 billion. Since then, the figures have soared to $411.6 billion for 1997 and $434.4 billion for 1998.”1990年全世界在广告上的支出估计为2755亿美元。从那以后，数字在1997年猛增至4116亿美元，在1998年猛增至4344亿美元。可知这些数据是根据全球广告代理商麦肯埃里克森发布的内部人士报告中得知。故选C项。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有这一切的影响是什么？A. effect效果、影响；B. affect影响（动词）；C. result结果；D. p
64、urpose目的。根据后句“Advertising is one of the most powerful socializing forces in the culture.”可知广告是文化中最强大的社交力量之一。可推知这是广告起到的作用和效果。故选A项。【44题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：广告不仅仅销售产品。A. less than比.更少；B. same相同的（形容词）；C. similar相似的（形容词）；D. more than不仅。根据后句“They sell images, values, goals.”可知广告不仅仅销售产品，也销售销售形象、价值观和目标。故选D项。【45题详
65、解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们销售形象、价值观、目标、我们是谁以及我们应该是谁的概念。A. outlooks前景；B. opinions意见；C. concepts概念；D. implications影响。根据后句“.who we are and who we should be. They shape our attitudes and our attitudes shape our behavior.”可知我们是谁以及我们应该是谁是一种抽象的概念，广告塑造了我们的态度，我们的态度塑造了我们的行为。故选C项。Section B (19%)Directions：Read the follow
66、ing passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.APassport ControlIf you are arriving at London Heath
67、row Airport and are not transferring another flight outside Britain or Northern Ireland, you must pass through Passport Control and Customs immediately after leaving your plane. If you are not British or a citizen of the European Community, you must fill out a special form before your passport is ex
68、amined. This form is called a landing card and should be given to you during the flight to London. After landing, follow the ARRIVALS signs. Make sure you are in the right channel when you reach Passport Control. There is one channel for holders of European Community passports, and a second channel
69、marked “Other Passports”.Baggage Reclaim AreaAfter passing through Passport Control, follow the signs to the Baggage Reclaim Area. If you have luggage which was carried in the aircraft along with other cargo, it will be delivered to you in the Baggage Reclaim Area. Look for the sign with your flight
70、 number. If you have only hand luggage, go directly through the Baggage Reclaim Area to Customs.CustomsAll passengers must pass through Customs after Passport Control. There is a choice of two channels, Green and Red. If you have nothing to declare, go through the Green Channel. If you are not sure
71、about your Duty Free allowances, or if you have something to declare, go through the Red Channel. Information about Duty Free allowances can be found on special notice-boards in the Baggage Reclaim Area. You should study this information carefully whether you are going through the Red Channel or not
72、. Please note that if you go through the Green Channel, you may be stopped and asked to open your luggage for inspection.46. When a Chinese traveler is arriving at Heathrow Airport for a trip in London, he must _.A. fill out a landing card firstB. pass through Customs before Passport ControlC. walk
73、through the Red ChannelD. immediately reclaim his baggage after landing47. Those who are not sure about their Duty Free allowances _.A. can check the information in the Baggage Reclaim AreaB. need to go through the Green ChannelC. will be asked to open the luggage for inspectionD. can do as those wh
74、o have nothing to declare48. Which of the following travelers DO NOT have to go through Passport Control and Customs?A. People traveling straight to London.B. Holders of European Community passports.C. Passengers transferring to a city in Ireland.D. Passengers only with some hand luggage.【答案】46. A 4
75、7. A 48. C【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在伦敦希斯罗机场通关的具体事宜。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“If you are not British or a citizen of the European Community, you must fill out a special form before your passport is examined. This form is called a landing card and should be given to you during the flight to London.(如果你不是英国人或欧洲共同体的公
76、民，你必须填写一份特殊的表格，然后你的护照才会被检查。这张表格叫着陆卡，在你飞往伦敦的航班上要交给你)”可知，当一个中国旅客到达希思罗机场去伦敦旅行时，他必须先填写一张着陆卡。故选A。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Information about Duty Free allowances can be found on special notice-boards in the Baggage Reclaim Area. (有关免税限额的信息可以在行李提取处的特别布告牌上找到)”可知，不确定免税限额的人可以到行李提取处查一下。故选A。【48题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“If y
77、ou are arriving at London Heathrow Airport and are not transferring another flight outside Britain or Northern Ireland, you must pass through Passport Control and Customs immediately after leaving your plane.(如果您到达伦敦希斯罗机场，并且没有在英国或北爱尔兰以外转机，您必须在下飞机后立即通过护照检查和海关检查)”可知，C选项“在爱尔兰转机的乘客” 不需要通过护照检查和海关检查。故选C。B
78、You would like to take good photographs of real-life situations but you have few ideas for pictures. I suggest you look around you. The everyday world is full of scenes being played by an ever-changing group of actors. You probably passed a dozen picture situations without noticing on your way to wo
79、rk this morning.The realistic approach to photograph has been perfected in the past by such masters as Henri Cartier-Bresson and Bill Brandt. But while you can learn a great deal from looking at the work of others any success you can hope to achieve in this field has to come from developing an indiv
80、idual approach.The main requirement for any photographer has little to do with technical matters. You must develop an awareness of the world around you and the people who live in it, and you should learn to notice when a situation may develop to a point where you will be able to take a good picture.
81、 Those who have reached this happy state will be prepared when that moment comes, and will simply raise their camera quickly and shoot. Others who are not so aware will be struggling with camera cases and lens caps.Film manufactures must be delighted at the thought of the inexperienced photographer
82、setting out in search of the right situation and the right moment. Many miles of costly material have passed through thousands of cameras as this endless search continues. But although a lot of this waste must be put down to inexperience, youll find that even the professionals have to use a lot of f
83、ilm when they are out shooting.Not every shot is going to be a winner. If you look at the work of even the best photographers, youll notice dozens of pictures have had to be taken only because they lead up to the successful shot of a situation that the photographer has obviously been observing throu
84、gh the lens. You may find that you have taken one or two pictures after the right moment has passed as well. There is seldom more than one shot which stands out. There is just one point where it all comes together, and you often have to waste film to catch that precious moment.49. According to the p
85、assage, one can become a better real-life photographer by _.A. watching other photographers at workB. learning about famous photographersC. just taking a great many photographsD. developing skills and ideas for yourself50. The writer thinks that a photographer is required to _.A. go out and search f
86、or unusual situationsB. be highly skilled in camera techniquesC. be able to tell when a good situation might comeD. have a camera which is easy and quick to use51. Most likely, to catch the right moment, one must _.A. take pictures without too much preparationB. take a whole series of similar pictur
87、esC. take great care to set up the situationD. take one picture just at the right moment52. Which of the following is TRUE?A. The waste of film in photography is essential to the production of good pictures.B. Film manufacturers usually enjoy pictures by inexperienced photographers.C. Only amateur p
88、hotographers waste film in taking pictures.D. The waste of film, which is the result of poor choice of subject, is expensive and unnecessary.【答案】49. D 50. C 51. B 52. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何拍摄出更好的摄影作品以及如何成为优秀的摄影师。【49题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“But while you can learn a great deal from looking at the work of o
89、thers, any success you can hope to achieve in this field has to come from developing an individual approach”可知，尽管能够通过学习别人的作品成为一名更好的摄影师，但最重要的还是要培养自己的技巧和想法。故选D项。【50题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“You must develop an awareness of the world around you and the people who live in it, and you should learn to notice whe
90、n a situation may develop to a point where you will be able to take a good picture. ”可知，作者认为一名摄影师需要具备能够辨别什么时候会有好的镜头场景。故选C项。【51题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“If you look at the work of even the best photographers, youll notice dozens of pictures have had to be taken only because they lead up to the successful shot
91、of a situation that the photographer has obviously been observing through the lens. ”可知，如果你看一看就知道即使是最好的摄影师的作品，你也会注意到他们会拍摄十几张照片，因为这些照片会成功拍摄到摄影师要拍摄的照片。由此判断出为了捕捉到合适的时机，摄影师必须拍摄一系列类似的照片。故选B项。【52题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“But although a lot of this waste must be put down to inexperience, youll find that even the
92、 professionals have to use a lot of film when they are out shooting.”可知，但是，尽管很多浪费都是由于缺乏经验，但你会发现，即使是专业人士在拍摄时也不得不使用大量胶片。所以A项（在摄影上浪费的胶卷是产出好的摄影作品的关键）正确，故选A项。CNew York City is known as Americas economic and cultural capital. Its a city where young people want to go, whether to take up a high-paying job o
93、n Wall Street, study, or struggle to pay rent while working in the arts.Its also the setting of some of Americas most popular TV shows and movies. The best known may be TV series “Sex and the City”. It features four women enjoying the comfortable life of chatting, shopping, clubbing and looking for
94、their Mr. Right.However, Dunham, 26, said TV shows only touch the surface. “TV shows never get how expensive things are in New York, Manhattan,” she said, adding that she knows a married couple who are in their 30s, have good jobs, and still share a couch because their apartment is so small.To Dunha
95、m, reality in New York means getting a quick lunch at food stands, smelling the piles of rubbish every week on trash day and paying tolls to cross bridges and tunnelsthings that TV series rarely show.Elise Glick, 23, an artist living in Brooklyn, said that while New Yorkers can sometimes be unfriend
96、ly, its often because of their nature as driven, ambitious individuals. “People here are mostly young and single,” she said, “a lot of people are confident and know what they want.”25-year-old legal(法律的) assistant Jin Jing agrees. During her three-month experience as a United Nations intern(实习生), Ji
97、n found New Yorkers to be friendly and helpful people. But she also learned that the TV show “Friends” were fantasy and unreal. “When I went to America, I realized that Friends was not real life,” Jin said. “In New York, people have no time for friends. People have no time to hear you talk.” But she
98、 said she didnt feel like a stranger, thanks to the diversity(多样性) all around her. “Most of the time, I forgot that I didnt belong there, since there are people of different skin colors,” she said.While Dunham admits that life in New York can be both good and bad, special moments help her fall in lo
99、ve with the city. She once paused to watch dancers and street musicians performing in a subway tunnel and found herself among many other busy New Yorkers attracted by their show. “People who were clearly in a rush to get home just stopped to watch because these guys were really good,” she said. “Fro
100、m businessmen to motherseveryone was represented. In that moment we were all together before we went our separate ways.”53. According to the passage, which of the following views doesnt the writer agree with?A. Life there is very busy.B. New Yorkers sometimes are unfriendly because of their nature.C
101、. People find it impossible to make friends there.D. The scenes in “Sex and the City” and “Friends” can hardly be found in New York.54. In paragraph 4, toll can be replaced by _.A. ticketsB. moneyC. finesD. tax55. We can infer from the passage that _.A. People with different nationalities can be fou
102、nd in New York.B. New York is a place where people can have a comfortable and relaxing life.C. The living cost in New York is very low.D. The street dancers and musicians are beggars, only asking money from passengers.56. What is the best title of the passage?A. Unfriendly New YorkersB. Busy New Yor
103、kersC. New Yorkers StoriesD. New Yorkers True Life【答案】53. C 54. B 55. A 56. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者在纽约的亲身经历，讲述了纽约市的真实生活。【53题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中Its a city where young people want to go, whether to take up a high-paying job on Wall Street, study, or struggle to pay rent while working in the arts.“这是一个年轻人都想去的城
104、市，无论是在华尔街找到一份高薪的工作，还是学习，或者在艺术领域工作的同时挣扎着付房租。”和第二段第一句Its also the setting of some of Americas most popular TV shows and movies.“它也是美国一些最受欢迎的电视节目和电影的背景。”由此可知，在那里能够交朋友，所以作者不同意C项People find it impossible to make friends there.（人们发现在那里交朋友是不可能的。）的观点。故选C。【54题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段中paying “支付”和 to cross bridges and
105、tunnelsthings that TV series rarely show.“穿越桥梁和隧道这是电视剧里很少出现的东西。”由此推知，要交穿越桥梁和隧道的“通行费”，划线词的意思是“通行费”。故选B。【55题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Most of the time, I forgot that I didnt belong there, since there are people of different skin colors,“大多数时候，我都忘了我不属于那里，因为那里有不同肤色的人。”由此可知，在纽约可以找到不同国籍的人。故选A。【56题详解】主旨大意题。纵观全文，尤其是
106、最后一段While Dunham admits that life in New York can be both good and bad, special moments help her fall in love with the city. She once paused to watch dancers and street musicians performing in a subway tunnel and found herself among many other busy New Yorkers attracted by their show.“虽然邓纳姆承认纽约的生活有好
107、有坏，但一些特殊的时刻让她爱上了这座城市。有一次，她停下脚步，在一条地铁隧道里观看舞蹈演员和街头音乐家的表演，发现自己和其他许多忙碌的纽约人一样，被他们的表演所吸引。”由此可知，这篇文章介绍了纽约市的真实生活。故选D。DMost people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people thoug
108、h loneliness can last for years. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.The first kind of loneliness is temporary. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural
109、result of a particular situationfor example, a family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year.The third kind of loneliness is the most
110、 severe. Unlike the second type, chronic loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can d
111、o to improve their condition.Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a persons social contact, e.g. friends, family members, co-workers, etc. we depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give
112、us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their own popularity.Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lone
113、ly people for two reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease. While temporary and situational loneliness can be a normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can be a very sad, and sometimes da
114、ngerous condition.57. How would you treat temporary loneliness according to the passage?A. Talk to friends.B. Just ignore it.C. Go to see a doctor.D. Ask your teachers or guidance58. “It” in the last sentence of the second paragraph refers to _.A. temporary lonelinessB. situational lonelinessC. a ne
115、w placeD. sleeplessness59. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. One problem of loneliness is a persons social contacts.B. Chronic loneliness often lasts about two years and has a particular cause.C. Moving to a new place will cause you to feel lonely but you will def
116、initely not suffer from headaches.D. Lonely people dont have many friends.60. Why do psychologists want to help chronically lonely people?A. Chronic loneliness can cause family problems.B. Chronic loneliness can cause serious illness.C. Chronic loneliness can not be overcome.D. A, B and C are all co
117、rrect.【答案】57. B 58. B 59. A 60. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三种不同类型的孤独，说明了导致孤独的原因，以及心理学家想要帮助习惯孤独的人的原因。【57题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention.（它通常很快就会消失，不需要任何特别的关注。）”可知，暂时的孤独是可以忽视的。故选B。【58题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“Although this kind of loneliness can cause phys
118、ical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year.（虽然这种孤独会导致身体问题，如头痛和失眠，但通常不会持续一年以上。）”可知，这里的it指的是前一句的“The second kind, situational loneliness,”即情境性孤独。故选B。【59题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“ People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and beco
119、ming close to others.（经历过习惯性孤独的人在社交和亲近他人方面存在问题。）”由此可知，孤独的人在社交方面存在问题。A选项正确。根据文章第三段“Unlike the second type, chronic loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause.（与第二种不同的是，慢性孤独通常会持续两年以上，而且没有特定的原因。）”显然，B选项错误。根据文章第二段“The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result o
120、f a particular situationfor example, a family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year.（第二种是情境性孤独，是特定情境的自然结果例如，家庭问题，亲人去世，或搬到新地方。虽然这种孤独会
121、导致身体问题，如头痛和失眠，但通常不会持续一年以上。）”由此，C选项错误。根据文章第四段“However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. （然而，心理学家发现，虽然孤独的人可能有很多社会交往，但他们有时觉得自己应该有更多的社会交往。）”D选项与文意不符。故选A。【60题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Psychologists are trying to find ways
122、 to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease.（心理学家正试图找到帮助习惯性孤独的人的方法，原因有两个:一是他们不快乐，无法社交;二是慢性孤独与严重疾病(如心脏病)之间存在联系。）”可知，慢性孤独会引发严重的疾病。故选B。EMost people want to know
123、 how things are made. They honestly admit, however, that they hardly know a thing when it comes to understanding how a piece of music is made. Where a composer begins, how he manages to keep going-in fact, how and where he learns his trade-all are covered in complete darkness. The composer, in short
124、, is a man of mystery.One of the first things the common man wants to know about is the part that inspiration plays in a composers work. He finds it difficult to believe that composers are not much interested in that question. Writing music is as natural for the composer as eating or sleeping for al
125、l. Music is something that the composer happens to have been born for.The composer, therefore, does not say to himself: Do I feel inspired? He says to himself: Do I feel like working today? And if he feels like working, he does. It is more or less like saying to himself; Do I feel sleepy? If you fee
126、l sleepy, you go to sleep. If you dont feel sleepy, you stay up. If the composer doesnt feel like working, he doesnt work. Its as simple as that.61. What would be the best title for the text?A. Composer: a man of mysteryB. Practice makes good musicC. Relation between sleeping and musicD. Music: prod
127、uct of nature62. The words covered in complete darkness underlined in Paragraph 1 most probably mean _.A. difficult to be madeB. without any lightC. black in colorD. not known63. Most people seem to think that a composer_.A. finds it difficult to write musicB. considers it important to have a good r
128、estC. should like to talk about inspirationD. never asks himself very simple questions64. The author will most probably agree that composers_.A. are born with a gift for music.B. are people full of mysteryC. work late at night for their musicD. know a lot about eating and sleeping【答案】61. A 62. D 63.
129、 C 64. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章论述了作曲家们作曲的工作实际上不像人们想象的那么神秘，对于作曲家而言，这个过程就像吃饭睡觉一样自然而简单。【61题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段，“They honestly admit, however, that they hardly know a thing when it comes to understanding how a piece of music is made.”（然而，当说到音乐是怎样制作出来的，他们很诚实地承认他们一点也不知道），再结合第一段最后一句，“The composer, in short, is
130、a man of mystery.”（简单来说，作曲家是一个充满神秘色彩的人），再结合下文主要内容可推出，文章是在讲作曲家看起来神秘，但他们的工作就像普通人工作一样简单。A项 “作曲家神秘的人”，可作为本篇最佳标题。故选A。【62题详解】词义猜测题。根据下一句“The composer, in short, is a man of mystery.”（简单来说，作曲家是一个充满神秘色彩的人）可推知，人们对音乐的制作过程是一无所知的，即划线部分的意思为“不知道”。故选D。【63题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句和第二句，“One of the first things the common m
131、an wants to know about is the part that inspiration plays in a composers work.”（普通人想知道的首要事情之一就是灵感在作曲家的工作中起到的作用）和“He finds it difficult to believe that composers are not much interested in that question.”（他发现很难相信作曲家对于这个问题竟然不感兴趣），由此可知，普通人认为灵感在作曲家的工作有很重要的作用，作曲家应该愿意谈论灵感的话题。故选C。【64题详解】推理推断题。根据第二段最后一句，“Wr
132、iting music is as natural for the composer as eating or sleeping for all. Music is something that the composer happens to have been born for.”（对于作曲家来说，写音乐就像对于所有人来说吃饭睡觉一样自然。作曲家碰巧就是为音乐而生的）可推知，作者认为作曲家是天生就带有音乐的天分。故选A。【点睛】第II卷 (共16分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English
133、, using the words given in the brackets.65. 我一直梦想着能拥有一套三居室的房子。(dream)（汉译英）【答案】I have been dreaming of owning a three-bedroomed house.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词短语，时态和简单句。表达“梦想做某事”，用dream of doing sth.；表达“拥有一套三居室的房子”，用动词短语own a three-roomed house；再结合所给汉语，本句应该为简单句“主+谓+宾”句型，因为是“一直梦想.”，所以用现在完成进行时态。故翻译为：I have been
134、 dreaming of owning a three-bedroomed house.【点睛】66. 警方已经弄清楚此次事故应向谁问责。(blame) （汉译英）【答案】The police have found out who is to blame for this accident.【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句、固定短语和时态。表示“警方”应用police作主语；表示“查清楚”短语为find out，此处应用现在完成时；后跟宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指人，应用who引导；表示“向问责”短语为be to blame for；后跟名词accident作宾语，由this限定，从句应用一般现在
135、时。故翻译为The police have found out who is to blame for this accident.67. 由于缺乏省力的设备，以往女性花费大量时间在做家务上。(spend) （汉译英）【答案】For lack of labor-saving devices, women spent much time doing household/domestic chores.【解析】【详解】考查短语和时态。题中“由于”可译为for；“花费在做”为动词短语，即spend . (in) doing sth；表示“缺乏，缺少”，是名词短语lack of；表示“做家务”的短语有
136、两个，分别为do household chores和do domestic chores；根据句意“以往”一词表示过去，所以句子使用一般过去时。故翻译为For lack of labor-saving devices, women spent much time doing household/domestic chores.68. 一些老字号之所以能够在激烈的竞争中存活下来是因为它们愿意接受挑战。(The reason) （汉译英）【答案】The reason why some time-honoured brands have survived fierce competition is
137、that they are willing to accept/take on challenges.【解析】【详解】考查why引导的定语从句以及that引导的表语从句等。分析句子可知，此句可用主系表结构表达。表示“一些老字号之所以能够在激烈的竞争中存活下来（的原因）”可以用The reason做先行词，后面接表示原因的关系副词why引导的定语从句，在reason后的定语从句中，why在定语从句中等同于for which，作状语，根据句意，定语从句应用现在完成时，survive sth意为“经过活/保存下来”，所以主语翻译为The reason why some time-honoured b
138、rands have survived fierce competition；根据句意可知，主句为一般现在时，因主语为单数，所以系动词用is；表示表语“因为它们愿意接受挑战” 应用that引导的名词性从句，be willing to意为“愿意”，因主语为they，be应用are，表示“接受挑战”短语为accept/take on challenges。所以表语翻译为that they are willing to accept/take on challenges。故翻译为The reason why some time-honoured brands have survived fierce competition is that they are willing to accept/take on challenges.
