1、第2课时 考点突破 诵研练词 汇 研 析calm adj.镇静的，沉着的v.使平静下来；(使)镇静下来(1)be/keep/stay/remain calm冷静；保持镇静(2)calm oneself保持镇定calm down平息，使平静；平静下来，镇静下来As is known to us all，it is important to keep calm in anemergency.众所周知，在紧急情况下保持镇静是很重要的。(2014安徽卷，B)Lucy and her assistant hid in their caruntil the angry bees had_.露西和她的助手躲
2、在他们的车里一直到愤怒的蜜蜂都平静下来为止。答案 calmed down【辨析】calm“镇静的，平静的”，主要指人“沉着镇定”，指自然界“无风无浪”silent 主要指人“沉默的，不出声的”，但不一定无活动quiet“安静的，宁静的”，指人时表示生性安静，不易激动；用于自然环境时，指没有干扰活动、没有喧闹声的寂静状态still“安静的，不动的”，不指心理状态，指环境和人“静的，静止的”状态She is a _girl.She stood_and kept _when the teacher asked her some questions.But after awhile she answe
3、red all the questions in a _ voice.答案 quiet；still；silent；calmcharacter n.品格，品质；特征，特性；(小说、戏剧中的)人物，角色；(汉)字，字体【巧学助记】观察句子，写出下列黑体部分的含义Her husband was a man of good character，wellliked andrespected by his colleagues._At the end of the story，the main character，a young manhad to leave his girlfriend._Nowada
4、ysmanyforeignerslovetostudyChinesecharacters in China._You must get rid of the bad habit，because it can affectyour character._答案 品质，品格 人物，角色 汉字 性格(1)a leading character主角in character符合某人的性格out of character不符合某人的性格(2)characteristic adj.表现特点的 n特征，特性It is _ for Johnto cheat in the exam.对约翰来说，在考试中作弊不合乎他
5、的性格。答案 out of character【一言助记】Onemayhaveacharacter，butmayhavemanycharacteristics，all of which build ones character.一个人可能只有一种“性格”，但可能有多种“特征、特点”，所有这些“特征、特点”便构成了一个人“总的特征、品质”。equaladj.平等的；相等的；胜任的n.(地位等)相同的人；对手；相等的事物vt.等于，比得上【巧学助记】(1)be equal to sth/doing sth 等于/胜任做某事(2)A equals B in.A在方面比得上B/与B相匹敌(3)with
6、out equal无与伦比(4)equality n平等equally adv.相等地；同等地；均等地；同样地Love makes all equal.(谚语)恋爱不分贵贱。None of us can_，either _ beautyor as a dancer.不管是容貌还是在舞艺上我们都比不上她。Im sure Yao Ming _ the new job thatrequires patience and skills.我确信姚明能胜任需要耐心和技能的这份新工作。答案 equal her；in is equal tostruggle vt.&vi.&n斗争；拼搏；努力；挣扎(1)str
7、uggle for为而斗争struggle with/against sb/sth 与作斗争struggle to do sth 努力做某事struggle to ones feet挣扎着站起来(2)with a struggle费劲地They had to struggle for their lives against/with weatherand wild animals.为了生存他们不得不与天气和野兽斗争。She_and continued walking.她挣扎着站起来，继续走。答案 struggled to her feetprotestn抗议，抗议书 v反对；抗议；申辩，坚决地
8、表示(1)make a protest against/about对提出抗议under protest无奈地；不服气地；不甘心地without protest一声不吭地(2)protest about/against/at sth 对提出抗议protest that.坚持说；申辩Our government made a strong protest against/withPhilippines after it attempted to seize the Chinese fishing-boats near Huangyan Island.菲律宾试图在黄岩岛附近抓扣中国渔船，中国政府提出
9、了强烈抗议。He_ the journey was too far by car.他坚持说路途太远，不宜开车去。If I have to do it，I shall do it_.如果非要我做这件事不可，我是干得不心甘情愿的。答案 protested that under protestcompete vi.比赛，竞争，对抗(1)compete for.为而竞争compete with/against.与竞争compete in.在方面竞争(2)competition n竞争，竞赛competitor n参赛者；对手competitive adj.竞争性的Small shops cant co
10、mpete in prices with big companies.小店是无法在价格上和大公司进行竞争的。Several companies_ each other _the contract/to gain the contract.几家公司正为争取这项合同而互相竞争。答案 are competing with/against；for【一言助记】As the youngest competitor，I had to compete in the writingcontest against 20 other top students for the annual writingaward.
11、I must be very competitive to be the winner.作为最年轻的比赛者，我必须和另外20个顶尖的学生在写作比赛中去竞争来争夺这场年度的写作奖。要成为获胜者我必须有很强的竞争力。promote vt.促进，提升(1)promote sth as sth 把提升为promote sb to sth 提升/晋升某人到(职位)promote.from.to.把从提升到(2)promoter n发起者，赞助者promotion n提升；提拔；晋升；促进，推销Many places in Brazil have been promoted as tourist spot
12、sbecause of the 2014 World Cup.由于2014年世界杯足球赛，巴西的许多地方已被提升为旅游点。She worked hard and_a saleswoman_a manager.她工作勤奋，不久就被从销售员提拔为经理了。答案 was soon promoted from；toinvolve vt.涉及；参与(1)be/get involved in卷入；专注于involve.in.使卷入；使专注于(2)involve doing sth include doing sth 包括做某事be involved with sb 和某人混在一起，和某人有密切关系(3)in
13、volvement n参与，加入；沉迷When you get involved in sports and athletes，a lot of theracial barriers are broken down.当你参与到体育运动中的时候，很多种族隔阂就消失了。SomeAmericanpeopleprotestedagainsttheUSs_ in Ukraine.一些美国人反对美国插手乌克兰问题。Thetestwill_questionsaboutaphotograph.考试将包括回答关于一张照片的问题。答案 involvement involve/include answeringco
14、me to do something 开始(认识、理解)(1)come toknow/realize开始认识/意识到a decision作出决定an end结束oneself/ones senses苏醒过来；醒悟过来(2)when it comes to.当谈到的时候People come to know seriousness of air pollution.人们慢慢地认识到了空气污染的严重性。When he_，he found himself lying in bed.当他苏醒过来时，他发现(自己)躺在床上。Jim is not good at history，but _chemistr
15、y hes the best in the class.吉姆对历史不擅长，但谈到化学他是班里最好的。答案 came to(himself)when it comes topull through 使从(受伤)中活下来；渡过难关pull down拉下；拆毁；摧毁；推翻pull out拔掉；离开；(火车)离站pull in(to)到站；(火车)进站pull together齐心协力Everyone was very concerned whether he would pullthrough or not.每个人都很关心他是否能够挺过去。If we all _，theres no doubt we
16、 can beatthem!我们大家齐心协力，一定能打败他们！The father saw the train his son was on _，with his eyes full of tears.那位父亲眼含泪水看着载着他儿子的火车驶出站。答案 pull together pull outget on/along 融洽相处，进展(常与with搭配)(1)get along/on(well/nicely)with sb 与某人相处得(好)get along/on(well/nicely/smoothly)with sth 某事进展得(好/顺利)(2)get across讲清楚；(使)被领会
17、get about/around(消息)传开get through(电话)接通；用完；通过get over克服The expression is one of those behaviors that help peopleget along with each other.这种表述是那些能够帮助人们彼此融洽相处的行为之一。How are you _your English lesson?你的英语课程学得怎么样？Very well.很好。I rang you several times but couldnt _.我给你打了几次电话，可是没打通。答案 getting on with get t
18、hrough句 式 探 究(教材原句)We were driving along a country lane whensuddenly a car drove past us.我们正在一个乡村车道上行驶，正在这时突然有一辆轿车超过了我们。句中包括了“be doing.when.”固定句式，表示“正在做某事，这时(突然)”。其中when不能换成while，as，then等。when用作并列连词句型归纳：be doing.when.正在做这时had just done.when.刚做完某事这时be about to do.when.正要做这时be on the point of doing.wh
19、en.正要做这时We were about to leave for Shanghai when it began to rain.我们正准备去上海，这时天开始下雨了。The thief was on the point of putting his hand into theladys handbag when the bus suddenly stopped.小偷正要把手伸进那位女士的手提袋中，这时公共汽车突然停了。Thechildren_ontheplayground_ they heard cries for help.孩子们正在操场上踢足球，这时他们听到了呼救声。答案 were pl
20、aying football；when(教材原句)Jennifer was in the kitchen,with her hands in a bowl of flour.珍妮弗在厨房里，双手在面粉碗里和面with her hands in a bowl of flour 是 with 复合结构，作伴随状语。“with宾语宾补”构成 with 复合结构，在句中通常表示伴随状况，作状语，有时也可以作定语，说明所修饰名词的特征。其构成通常为：with宾语形容词/副词介词短语不定式/现在分词/过去分词The young woman，with a baby sleeping in her arms，
21、was wandering in the street.那位年轻的妇女，抱着一个熟睡的婴儿，漫步在大街上。With so many problems _，Putin willhave a hard time.有许多问题要解决，普京将有一段艰难的时期。_，they went home happily.做完作业，他们高高兴兴地回家了。答案 to solve With their homework finished【名师指津】在“with宾语宾补”结构中，不定式表示将来的动作；现在分词强调这一动作和前面的宾语是主动关系，或者指这一动作正在进行；过去分词所表示的动作与前面的宾语是被动关系。(教 材 原
22、 句)Brandi，the sisters mother，taught herdaughters at home so that they completed their high schoolwhile developing their tennis careers.这对姐妹的母亲布兰迪在家里教她们，这样在她们发展网球事业的同时，也可以完成高中学业。while developing.是 while they were developing theirtennis careers的省略。在表示时间、地点、条件、方式或让步的状语从句中，当从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句主语为it时，且从句谓语动词含有be动词，常将从句的主语和be动词一起省去。When(he was)very young，Li Yundi began to learn toplay the piano.李云迪很小时，就开始学习弹钢琴。The man was lying on the ground，motionless，asif_.那名男子躺在地上一动不动，好像是受了重伤。_，I wish to go there next summer.如果可能的话，我希望明年夏天去那儿。答案(he was)seriously injured If(it is)possible