1、动词ing形式作定语和状语语 境 自 主 领 悟先观察原句后自主感悟Yesterday，another student and I，representing our universitys student association，went to the Capital International Airport to meet this years international students.I stood for a minute watching them and then went to greet them.Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in s
2、miling，together with George Cook from Canada.Just at that moment，however，Akira bowed so his nose touched Georges moving hand.In the same way that people communicate with spoken language，they also express their feelings using unspoken “language” through physical distance，actions or posture.1.黑体部分在句中作
3、伴随状语的是。2.观察句可知现在分词的逻辑主语都是句子的主语。3.句现在分词作定语。一、动词ing形式(现在分词)由“动词原形ing”构成，在句子中可以作主语、定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语动词ing形式的基本形式如下：主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been doneThe students walked on the street，talking and laughing.(伴随状语)学生们走在街上，又说又笑。Having worked for two days，Steve managed to finish his report
4、 on schedule.已经忙活了两天，史蒂夫设法按时完成了他的报告。Having struggled for many years，he was finally admitted to a key university.经过多年的努力，他最终被一所重点大学录取。Having been laughed at for his mistakes，the boy was very upset.那男孩因犯错而被嘲笑，他非常沮丧。名师点津动词ing形式的一般式常表示该动作与句子谓语动作同时发生，而动词ing形式的完成式则表示该动作发生在谓语动作之前。即时演练1单句语法填空I like staying
5、up late watching (watch) TV，surfing the Internet or doing something Im fond of.Having lived (live) in Beijing for years，I almost know every place quite well.Seeing (see) nobody at home，he decided to leave them a note.二、动词ing形式在句中作定语和状语1动词ing形式作定语。The firefighters dashed into the burning woods to sav
6、e people trapped in it.(前置定语)消防队员冲进了正在燃烧的丛林，去营救被困人员。The boy standing there is a classmate of mine.(后置定语)站在那儿的那个男孩是我的一个同班同学。The building being built over there is our library.(后置定语，强调“正在被建”)那里正在建造的大楼是我们的图书馆。2动词ing形式作状语。(1)作时间状语。Hearing the news，he couldnt help laughing.When he heard the news，he could
7、nt help laughing.一听到那个消息，他禁不住大笑起来。(2)作原因状语。Not knowing her address，I had better telephone her to come over.As I dont know her address，I had better telephone her to come over.由于不知道她的地址，我还是打电话让她过来为好。(3)作条件状语。Working hard，youll surely succeed.If you work hard，youll surely succeed.如果努力工作，你就一定会成功。(4)作结果状
8、语。The child slipped and fell，hitting his head against the door.The child slipped and fell，and hit his head against the door.那个男孩滑了一跤，头撞到了门上。名师点津现在分词作结果状语，是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加only。I hurried to school，only to find it was Sunday.我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。(5)作让步状语。Having been told many
9、 times，he still didnt learn these rules by heart.Although he had been told many times，he still didnt learn these rules by heart.尽管被告知了很多次，他还是没把这些规定记住。(6)作伴随状语。Morris lay on the grass，staring at the sky for a long time.Morris lay on the grass and stared at the sky for a long time.莫里斯躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。Th
10、e boy sat in front of the farmhouse，cutting the branches.The boy sat in front of the farmhouse，and cut the branches.那个男孩坐在农舍前砍树枝。(7)作方式状语。He came running back to tell me the news.他跑回来告诉我这个消息。名师点津动词ing形式作状语时，相当于与之对应的状语从句，但是当作伴随状语及结果状语时，可转化为并列谓语。即时演练2句型转换(用非谓语动词转换句子)It rained heavily and it caused gre
11、at damage.It rained heavily，causing great damageAfter he had eaten his dinner，the boy rushed out.Having eaten his dinner，the boy rushed out.All night long he lay awake and he thought of the problem.All night long he lay awake，thinking of the problem三、现在分词作状语注意事项1现在分词的时态现在分词作状语时，要注意分词的时间性，是用现在分词的一般式(
12、doing)，还是用完成式(having done)。(1)当现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生时，用分词的一般式。Walking in the street，I met an old friend of mine.我正在大街上行走时，遇到了一位老朋友。(walking和谓语动词met同时发生)(2)当现在分词的动作先发生，而谓语动词的动作后发生时，用分词的完成式。Having finished the letter，he went to post it.他写完信后就把它寄了出去。(having finished是先发生的，went是后发生的)2现在分词的语态使用现在分词的主动式还是被动式
13、，这主要取决于现在分词和句子主语之间的关系。句子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语。Having been shown around the factory，they were very happy.(现在分词的被动式)被领着参观了工厂后，他们很高兴。Having finished his homework，he went to bed.(现在分词的主动式)完成了作业后，他上床睡觉。3动词ing形式的否定式：notv.ing；not havingv.edNot knowing this，he didnt come.他不知道这件事，所以没来。Not having made full preparation
14、s，we put off the sports meeting.因为没有做好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。4现在分词作评注性状语有些现在分词在句中没有逻辑主语，它们往往作为句子的评注性状语来修饰整个句子，表明说话者的态度、观点等。例如：generally speaking“一般来说”， judging by/from.“从判断”，taking everything into consideration“从全盘考虑”。Judging from his behaviour，he must be mad.从他的行为来判断，他一定是疯了。即时演练3单句语法填空Having worked (work)
15、 for three hours，he took a rest.Tom came dashing (dash) into the room with some film tickets in his hand.Having spent (spend) all his money，the boy had to give his mother a call.单句语法填空1He often carefully watches the doctors in the operating (operate) room.2Seen (see) from the tower，the city looks ve
16、ry beautiful.3Those students hoping (hope) to enter that university should work really hard.4Working (work) harder at English，youll make greater progress.5To finish (finish) the work ahead of time，we have to work hard.6Do you remember the name of the girl sitting (sit) next to you in the old photo?7
17、Leaving (leave) some questions unanswered，my friend said goodbye to me.8When you meet people from different cultures，it is important to understand (understand) what you can and cannot do.9With the rapid development of China，the number of foreigners learning (learn) Chinese is growing all the time.10
18、Having selected (select) the proper present，they sent it to their respectable professor.完成句子1因粗鲁行为向老师道歉后，他承诺以后不再犯同样的错误。Having apologized to his teacher for his rude manners，he made a promise that he wouldnt make the same mistake.2因为尊重他的父亲，所以他不想和他争论。Respecting his father，he didnt want to argue with him.3被雨淋后他感冒了。He was caught in the rain，thus making himself catch a cold4玛丽坐在教室的窗边读一本书。Mary sat by the window of the classroom，reading a book5因为在这个村里住了很多年，我熟悉每个人。Having lived in the village for years，I know everyone quite well.