1、A(2017深圳第一次调研)Much information can be conveyed，purely through our eyes，so the expression “eyes also talk” is often heard.Can you recall any experience that further proves this statement？On a bus you may quickly glance at a stranger，but not make eye contact.If he senses that he is being stared at，he
2、may feel uncomfortable.It is the same in daily life.If you are stared at for more than necessary，you will look at yourself up and down to see if there is anything wrong with you.If nothing goes wrong，you will feel angry about others staring at you that way.Eyes do convey information，right?Looking to
3、o long at someone may seem to be rude and aggressive.But things are different when it comes to staring at the opposite sex.If a man looks at a woman for more than 10 seconds and refuses to turn away his gaze (注视) ，his intentions are obvious.That is，he wishes to attract her attention，to make her unde
4、rstand that he is showing affection for her.However，the normal eye contact for two people engaged in conversation is that the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time，in order to make sure that the listener does pay attention to what the former is speaking，to tell him that he is atte
5、ntive.If a speaker looks at you continuously when speaking，as if he tries to control you，you will feel uneasy.A poor liar usually exposes himself by looking too long at the victim，since he believes the false idea that to look straight in the eye is a sign of honest communication.In fact，continuous e
6、ye contact happens between lovers only，who will enjoy looking at each other tenderly for a long time，to show love that words cannot express.Evidently，eye contact should be done according to the relationship between two people and the specific situation.语篇解读本文介绍了“眼睛会说话”的观点，告诉我们不同场合眼神交流所代表的不同含义。1. Wha
7、t may a person usually do on a bus?AGlance at a stranger with eye contact.BUse eyes to talk to a stranger politely.CGlance at a stranger without eye contact.DTalk to a stranger politely after a quick glance.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“On a bus you may quickly glance at a stranger，but not make eye contact.”可知，
8、在公交车上人们可能会瞥一眼陌生人，但不会有眼神交流。答案：C2What does it mean if a man looks at a woman for over 10 seconds?AHe likes her eyes.BHe admires her.CHe knows her well.DHe makes contact with her.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“If a man looks at a woman for more than 10 seconds and refuses to turn away his gaze (注视) ，his intentions
9、 are obvious.That is，he wishes to attract her attention，to make her understand that he is showing affection for her.”可知，如果一位男士盯着一位女士超过10秒，他是想吸引女士的注意力，让她知道他很倾慕她。答案：B3Why is a poor liar easy to be seen through?AHe thinks that he is honest.BHe wants to control the victim.CHe feels uneasy about others e
10、ye contact.DHe looks straight at the victim for too long a time.解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段最后一句“A poor liar usually exposes himself by looking too long at the victim，since he believes the false idea that to look straight in the eye is a sign of honest communication.”可知，一个差劲的说谎者通常会因为看受害者太久而暴露自己，因为他错误地认为直视对方是诚实沟
11、通的一个信号。答案：D4What may be the best title for the text?AEyes Can Speak.BEye Contact Matters.CDont Stare at Others.DUse Your Eye Contact.解析：主旨大意题。文章在第一段Much information can be conveyed，purely through our eyes，so the expression “eyes also talk” is often heard.就提出了“眼睛会说话”这一主题，然后就不同场合的眼神交流进行了阐述。答案：AB(2017烟
12、台诊断)Grandparents who help out occasionally with childcare in their community tend to live longer than seniors who do not care for other people，according to a study from Berlin，Germany.“Having no contact with grandchildren at all can negatively impact grandparents health.This link could be deeply roo
13、ted in our evolutionary past when help with childcare was important for the survival of the human species，” said Sonja Hilbrand，one of the researchers.The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70. Overall，after accounting for grandparents age and general state of health，the r
14、isk of dying over a 20year period was onethird lower for grandparents who cared for their grandchildren，compared with grandparents who provided no childcare.Caregiving was associated with a longer life even when the care receiver wasnt a relative.Half of all childless seniors who provided support to
15、 friends or neighbors lived for seven years after the study began，while nonhelpers lived for four years on average.“Caregiving may give caregivers a purpose of life because they may feel useful for others and society.Caregiving may be thought also as an activity that keeps caregivers physically and
16、mentally active，”said Professor Bruno Arpino.Arpino noted，however，that caregiving is not the only activity that can improve health and that too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities like working，being in social clubs，or volunteering.“Children should take_into_ac
17、count their parents needs，willingness，and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare，” he suggested.“It is very important that every individual decides for himself/herself，what proper amounts of helpmeans，”Hilbrand said，adding，“As long as you do not feel stressed about the int
18、ensity (强度) of help you provide you may be doing something good for others as well as for yourself.”语篇解读德国柏林一项研究发现，祖父母适当地帮助照顾孙辈比不照顾孙辈的老年人寿命长。5What is the caregiving study based on?AHuman evolutionary history. BDemand of modern society.CSocial contact between relatives. DData on many elderly people.解
19、析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句“The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70.”可知，这一发现是从对500多个70岁以上的老人的数据分析得来的。答案：D6In Arpinos opinion，childcare_.Ais sure to keep old people away from illnessesBallows old people to live a more meaningful lifeCcreates more job opportunities for old peopleDm
20、akes social activities inaccessible to old people解析：推理判断题。根据题干中的Arpinos opinion定位至文章第五段中的“Caregiving may give caregivers a purpose of life because they may feel useful for others and society.”可知，看护小孩让看护人觉得生活有了目的，因为他们觉得自己对他人和社会是有用的，也就是说，看护小孩可以使他们感觉生活得有意义。答案：B7What does the underlined part “take into
21、account” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?ALimit. BIgnore.CFavor. DConsider.解析：词义猜测题。根据上文中“too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities like working，being in social clubs，or volunteering.“Children should take into account their parents needs，willingness，and desires and
22、 agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare，” he suggested，”可知，过多的照看责任会使老人无法从事其他有意义的活动，所以孩子应考虑老人的需求、意愿和渴求，同意他们照顾孩子的时间长度和强度的选择。由此可猜测，take into account意为“考虑”，与consider意义相近。答案：D8What does the last paragraph tell us?AGrandparents can do anything in their own interests.BGrandparents should sha
23、re more social responsibilities.CProper amounts of childcare do good to grandparents.DCaregiving guarantees every grandparent a longer life.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“As long as you do not feel stressed about the intensity (强度) of help you provide you may be doing something good for others as well as for your
24、self.”可知，只要你帮忙的强度不会让你感到有压力，这对他人、对你自己都是有好处的。由此可知，适当地照顾小孩对祖父母有好处。答案：C阅读理解题型突破(十三)段落大意类A(2017湖北省武汉市高中毕业生调研测试)Crying is the sign of the rawest of human emotions.We cry when we cant hold inside what we feel any more.We cry when were at our best，and when were at our worst.By we，I mean all of us.Men includ
25、ed.But we never see other men cry.In no western culture has it ever been acceptable for men to shed (流泪) more than a single tear，and even then its reserved for grand victories，defeats and deaths.Dutch research suggests that women cry between three and five times more than men.Generally men and women
26、 cry over the same thingsdeaths，breakups and homesickness，primarily，but researchers believe that men cry more often than women when it comes to positive events.I want to admit Im a bit of a cryer.However，having never really experienced deaths in my life，a few weeks ago I experienced what it means to
27、 really，truly，pour my heart out in tears.See，my dog and 24/7 companion was killed by a car right outside my house.Being a witness to this painful event left me in shock for a good hour，but then the floodgates opened.Over the next 48 hours，I might have cried 20 times.Once or twice I crouched (蹲) on t
28、he floor with my head in my hands and tears were the only outlet.It is suggested in the book Adult Crying：A Biopsychosocial Approach that theres certain pleasure in crying.It helps ease stress when there is no other way to express ourselves.In those days after my dogs death，I remember thinking，“Ive
29、got to stop this crying”It felt unmanly.It felt like a sign of weakness.Ive since realised that tears are for everybody；theyre not genderspecific.They show we have sympathy，allow us to get rid of stress and just feel.语篇解读本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者的狗遭遇车祸，作者痛哭不已，伤心欲绝。后来作者意识到哭泣是释放压力的方式。1What does the first paragrap
30、h mainly talk about?ACrying is a raw human emotion.BCrying is an emotion beyond control.CCrying is an emotion showing sadness.DCrying is an emotion showing happiness.解析：考查段落大意。通读该段可知，该段第一句“Crying is the sign of the rawest of human emotions”为该段的主题句。结合该段其他内容可知，该段主要论述“哭泣是人类最自然的情感流露”，故A项正确。答案：A2Whats th
31、e difference between men and women in crying according to Dutch research?AThey cry over different matters.BThey cry at different times of life.CWomen cry more often over deaths.DMen are more likely to have tears of joy.解析：考查细节理解。由题干关键词“Dutch research”定位至第二段，根据第二段的“but researchers believe that men cr
32、y more often than women when it comes to positive events”可知，男女哭泣的区别是男子对于积极事物的哭泣频率要比妇女高，故D项正确。答案：D3. What did the author think of his crying over his dogs death?AA sign of strength.BA sign of weakness.CBehavior of being womanish.DA way of reducing emotional stress.解析：考查细节理解。根据第六段，尤其是最后一句“They show we
33、 have sympathy，allow us to get rid of stress and just feel”可知，作者意识到哭泣是减轻情感压力的方式，故D项正确。答案：D4Whats the best title for the text?AMen，never cry like womenBMen，its OK to cry sometimesCCrying solves psychological problemsDCrying explains differences between men and women解析：考查标题判断。通读全文内容尤其是第一段第一句“Crying is
34、 the sign of the rawest of human emotions”和本文最后一句“They show we have sympathy，allow us to get rid of stress and just feel”可知，本文论述的中心是“哭泣是人类最自然的情感流露，是减轻情感压力的方式”，据此可以判断，B项最适合作文章标题。答案：BB(2017广西重点高中二模)People love cellphones, which is why nine in ten Americans own one.But does heavy use of cellphones pose
35、 a risk of cancer? This question has caused controversy for many years.A new study in rats now augments those concerns.Its data linked longterm, intense exposure to radiation from cellphones with an increased risk of cancer in the heart or brain.The results have yet to be confirmed，the authors note.
36、Indeed, although the rat study found a link between cellphone radiation and cancer，it offers no clues to why such a link might exist，notes Jonathan Samet.He teaches preventative medicine and directs the Institute for Global Health at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles.Still，he call
37、s the new studys findings “significant”. They could lead to studies researching how cellphone radiation might cause cancer，he says.Phone signals are relayed between cell towers and cellphones via radio waves.This radio frequencyor RFradiation is a type known as nonionizing (非电离的)Unlike Xrays，nonioni
38、zing radiation does not deposit enough energy into cells to release electrons from atoms or molecules，producing ions.So it tends to be far less harmful than ionizing radiation，such as Xrays.But that does not mean radio waves might not cause harm.In very large doses (量) this radiation will heat the b
39、ody and cause tissue damage.But its not yet known what much lower RF levels might do，such as those from cellphone use.Five years ago，the World Health Organizations International Agency for Research on Cancer，or IARC，concluded that cellphone use “is possibly carcinogenic (致癌的)”Its conclusion was base
40、d on what little research data was available at that time.But notice that IARC was not certain.It said only that phone use might “possibly” cause cancer.So scientists at the National Toxicology Program，or NTP，investigated further.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。人们喜欢用手机，90%的美国人都有手机。那么，过度使用手机是否会有患癌的风险呢？一项新的研究给出了一些线索。5Wh
41、ich of the following can replace the underlined word “augments”？Afigures outBputs outCrefers to Dadds to解析：考查词义猜测。画线词前面提到过度使用手机是否有患癌的风险这一问题多年来引发的争议不断，再根据画线词后的“concerns”和“Its data linked longterm，intense exposure to radiation from cellphones with an increased risk of cancer in the heart or brain”可知，现
42、在一项在老鼠身上进行的新研究增加了那些忧虑。故画线词与adds to意义相近。答案：D6In which aspect does Jonathan Samet think the new study in rats is significant?AIt assists him with his teaching.BIt indicates a new research direction.CIt warns people to mind cellphone safety.DIt makes a breakthrough in cancer research.解析：考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“
43、They could lead to studies researching how cellphone radiation might cause cancer，he says”可知，这项研究会促使科学家去查明手机辐射可能是怎样致癌的，也就是说它为科学家提供了一个新的研究方向。答案：B7What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?AHow phone signals are delivered.BHow cellphones produce radiation.CFeatures of radiation from cellphones.DDifferences bet
44、ween ionizing and nonionizing radiation.解析：考查主旨要义。根据第三段的内容尤其是“nonionizing radiation does not deposit enough energy into cells to release electrons from atoms or molecules，producing ions.So it tends to be far less harmful than ionizing radiation.”可知，本段主要讲的是手机辐射的特点，它是非电离的，其危害性远低于电离辐射。答案：C8What might b
45、e the theme of NTP scientists further research?AWhy cellphone use causes cancer.BWhether cellphone use really causes cancer.CWhat health effects cellphone use has.DHow much exposure to cellphone radiation is safe.解析：考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“It said only that phone use might possibly cause cancer.So scientist
46、s at the National Toxicology Program，or NTP，investigated further”可知，NTP的科学家进一步研究的主题可能是手机使用是否真的会导致癌症。答案：BC(2017甘肃第一次诊断)The 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics is shared by three scientists，the Royal Academy of Sciences announced in Stockholm on Tuesday.The Nobel Prize in Physics 2016 was divided，with one hal
47、f awarded to David JThouless，the other half to FDuncan MHaldane and JMichael Kosterlitz “for theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter (物质拓扑相变和拓扑相)”Haldane said he was “very surprised” at the news，adding that he was glad that their discoveries found so
48、mething previously unnoticed by many，and that they revealed “more possibilities for looking for new materials.” He particularly pointed out that a lot of work was still ongoing.The years prize amount is 8 million Swedish krona，and will be split properly between the three winners.The winners are give
49、n a sum of money when they receive their prizes，in the form of a document confirming the amount awarded.The amount of prize money depends upon how much money the Nobel Foundation (基金会) can award each year.The purse has increased since the 1980s，when the prize money was 880,000 SEK per prize.In 2009，
50、the monetary award was 10 million SEK.In June 2012，it was lowered to 8 million SEK.If there are two winners of a particular prize，the award money is divided equally between the winners.If there are three，the awarding committee can choose to divide the money equally，or award onehalf to one winner and
51、 onequarter to each of the others.It is common for winners to donate prize money to benefit scientific，cultural，or charitable causes.语篇解读本文介绍了2016年诺贝尔物理学奖的归属以及诺贝尔奖的相关知识，包括奖金的金额、来源和分配。9. How much prize money does Thouless get?A8 million Swedish krona.B6 million Swedish krona.C4 million Swedish krona.
52、 D2 million Swedish krona.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“The Nobel Prize in Physics 2016 was divided，with one half awarded to David JThouless.”及第三段“The years prize amount is 8 million Swedish krona.”可知，2016年的奖金是800万瑞典克朗，而索利斯获得了一半的奖金。答案：C10According to the passage，Haldane thought that his work_.Awas far from endi
53、ngBwas based on many previous studiesChad perfectly been completed Dhad surprised the whole world解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“He particularly pointed out that a lot of work was still ongoing.”可知，霍尔丹指出还有很多工作仍在进行，即远远没有结束。答案：A11The amount of prize money_.Ahas been ever increasing since the 1980sBhas been ever
54、decreasing since the 1980sCremains 880,000 SEK each year after 2012Ddiffers according to the Nobel Foundations affordability解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知，诺贝尔奖的奖金金额并不是固定的，而是根据每年诺贝尔基金会所能奖励的金额而决定。答案：D12What does the last paragraph talk about?AThe purpose of the award money. BThe number of winners per prize.CHow t
55、he winners are selected. DHow the award money is dealt with.解析：主旨大意题。最后一段讲了诺贝尔奖奖金的分配及获奖人如何利用这些奖金。答案：D阅读理解题型突破(十四)标题归纳类A(2017安徽合肥高三第二次教学质量检测)Susan Brownell Anthony was a lady ahead of her time.She fought for womens rights long before they became a popular issue.Susan was born on February 15,1820，in A
56、dams，Massachusetts.At that time，women had few rights.They could not own property.Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband.Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers.Women could not vote.At the age of 15，Susan became a schoolteacher.She taught for 15 years.Then she beg
57、an organizing womens groups to promote causes that were important to women.She helped gain better educational rights for women.She helped give married women possession of their earnings.After the Civil War，Susan became very involved in the womens suffrage movement.After years of lecturing，writing, a
58、nd appealing by Susan and other women，some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote.The first state was Wyoming in 1869.Other areas and states gradually followed Wyomings decision.It was not until 1920 that the US.Constitution was changed to give all women voting
59、 rights.Susan Brownell Anthony died in 1906 at the age of 86.She was elected to the Hall of Fame for Great Americans in 1950.She was the first American woman to have a likeness (肖像) of her face on a coin.It was the 1979 Susan Brownell Anthony dollar.语篇解读本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖Susan Brownell Anthony。她努
60、力为妇女争取了财产权、投票权等权利。1What was the situation of American women like when Susan was born?AThey had low social status.BThey could vote after getting married.CThey managed money for their husbands.DThey were responsible for decisionmaking.解析：考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“At that time，women had few rights.They could not
61、own property.Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband.Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers.Women could not vote”可知，在那时，女性没有什么权利，地位是低下的，故A项正确。B、C和D项均与此表述不符。答案：A2What is the third paragraph mainly about?ASusans teaching experiences.BSusans educational background.C
62、Susans efforts to abolish slavery.DSusans fighting for womens causes.解析：考查段落大意。通读第三段尤其是“Then she began organizing womens groups to promote causes that were important to women”可知，本段主要讲述Susan Brownell Anthony为争取女权而斗争的情况，故D项正确。答案：D3What does the word “decision” in the fourth paragraph refer to?APromoti
63、ng the social movement.BChanging the US Constitution.CGiving women voting rights.DUniting other areas and states.解析：考查词义猜测。根据第四段第二句中的“some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote”可知，在Susan Brownell Anthony的努力下，美国一些地区修改了法律，给了妇女投票权；结合该段第三、四句“The first state was Wy
64、oming in 1869.Other areas and states gradually followed Wyomings decision”可以判断，画线词指代“给妇女投票权”这一决定，故C项正确。答案：C4What may be the best title for the text?AThe first American woman to invent coinsBThe problem of womens rights in the USCThe most popular women organizationsDA pioneer in fighting for womens r
65、ights解析：考查标题判断。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖Susan Brownell Anthony。她为妇女争取了财产权、投票权等权利。据此可知D项最适合作文章标题。答案：DB(2017重庆调研抽测二)Are you tired of getting “Storage Almost Full” situation when you try to record THE moment? Then you will love this app.The idea came out when I went to Raptors game in Toronto to enj
66、oy the heat of NBA.Raptors were losing the whole game.But at the last quarter，they were about to come from behind and win! The crowd got warmed up，and I really wanted to record the moment! Then the stupid “Storage Almost Full” moment came along.First，I deleted 10 of the least important apps.And then
67、 I had to record 5 seconds，and delete the video, and also delete from deleted picture folder，and repeat.like 1 000 times.Well，it wasnt actually 1 000 times but I did a lot，and also lost the moment.All I wanted was a 5 seconds video of the historic moment for my Instagram (照片分享)And the idea for this
68、app dawned on me. “What if I could keep video recording but only catch the last 5 seconds？”THIS“MOMENT” APP EXACTLY DOES THATIt lets you WAIT AS LONG AS YOU WANT WHILE RECORDING as if it has endless storageIt catches last 5 or 10 seconds based on your choiceIts super simple that even my grandma can
69、use itOnce again，DONT WORRY ABOUT YOUR STORAGE，the app will handle just fineAll you have to do is just hold your camera while youre waiting for THE moment like：when Curry scores a threepointswhen your friend enters the room for a surprise birthday partywhen your dog catches a Frisbee (飞盘)when you fi
70、nally jump off from the top of stairs on your skateboard and land safeSimple and SweetI hope it makes your life stressfree by reducing one small but annoying problem.语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。很多人在使用手机的时候，都会受到手机内存不足的困扰。文章介绍了一款可以解决这个问题的软件。5Why did the author write this passage?ATo describe an app. BTo promote an a
71、pp.CTo develop an app. DTo design an app.解析：写作意图题。由“Are you tired of getting Storage Almost Full situation when you try to record THE moment? Then you will love this app.”可知，作者写这篇文章是为了推广一款软件。答案：B6What caused the author to come upon the idea?ARaptors losing the whole game.BHis wrong deletion of the v
72、ideo.CThe 5 seconds video of the moment.DHis failure to record an important moment.解析：细节理解题。由“Well，it wasnt actually 1 000 times but I did a lot，and also lost the moment.All I wanted was a 5 seconds video of the historic moment for my Instagram (照片分享)And the idea for this app dawned on me.”可知，因为手机内存
73、几乎已满，作者没有能够记录下一个重要的时刻，因此他想到了这个主意。答案：D7What do we know about the app?AIt has endless storage.BIt operates automatically.CIts quite hard to use.DIt works well when needed.解析：细节理解题。由THIS “MOMENT” APP EXACILY DOES THAT部分第一点可知，就好像它有无限大的内存，并不是说它实际上有无限大的内存，故A项错误；由该部分第二点可知，该软件需要人为操控，故B项错误；由该部分第三点可知，它使用起来非常简
74、单，故C项错误；由该部分第四点可知，需要用它的时候它很好使，D项符合原文文意。答案：D8What is the best title for the text?ATired of “Storage Almost Full”BSimple and SweetCGoodbye to “Storage Almost Full”DEnjoy the Historic Moment解析：标题概括题。 由“I hope it makes your life stressfree by reducing one small but annoying problem.”可知，C项正确。答案：CC(2017东北
75、三省四市教研联合体高考模拟试卷二)On April 14th,2010，my entire life changed in an instant.One moment I was joyfully riding through the sunshine.The next moment，metal，flesh and bones were spreading against the pavement in a thunderous crash.Another cyclist，biking carelessly，had cut me off and sent me supermanning tow
76、ard oncoming traffic.As if to symbolize the accident that had hit my life，another disaster also occurred on April 14th,2010.It cost the airline industry $ 1.7 billion.Ten million travelers were stuck for days.Economics all over the world were disturbed.This was the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull, one
77、of Icelands many volcanoes.However，volcanoes are not all bad.In fact，they are necessary.They are responsible for the birth of new earth，and for the creation of rich soil.This eruption gave off 0.15 million tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere daily.But cancelling 48% of the worlds flight trave
78、l saved about 2.8 million tons of CO2 from entering the atmosphere，temporarily decreasing our carbon footprint.Similarly，the accident had badly affected my emotion but it also allowed me to look more closely inside myself and discover things about myself I would never have realized.I learned how not
79、 to judge myself for my new limitations.In 1973，another Icelandic volcano，Eldfell，broke out.Icelanders decided to bomb it with cold water until it froze and chose a different path.After their plan worked，they used the geothermal(地热的) energy for the next 15 years to heat their homes.A good example of
80、 life bringing lemons，and making lemonade! One must move on from misfortunes，focusing only on the present moment and being hopeful for the future.I ran from April 14th,2010，to every kind of escape.Eventually I ended up in university for a newfound love in Earth sciences.语篇解读作者把自己遭遇突发事件和火山爆发这种自然灾害进行类
81、比，说明遭遇到不幸也有好处，面对现实情况要乐观积极。9What happened to the writer on April 14th,2010?AHe was involved in a car crash.BHe was stuck in an Icelands airport.CHe witnessed a volcanic eruption.DHe was badly injured on a bike ride.解析：考查细节理解。根据文章第一段中的“The next moment，metal，flesh and bones were spreading against the p
82、avement in a thunderous crash.Another cyclist，biking carelessly，had cut me off and sent me supermanning toward oncoming traffic”可知，一个马虎的骑自行车的人撞到了作者，作者遭遇了事故，受伤严重，故D项正确。答案：D10Which was an effect of the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull?AThe economy was cost globally by the eruption.BCarbon dioxide increase
83、d temporarily.CMost of the worlds planes were held up.DThe earth in Iceland was terribly polluted.解析：考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中的“Economics all over the world were disturbed”可知，艾雅法拉火山爆发后，全世界的经济都受到了干扰，即火山的爆发使全球经济受损，故A项正确。答案：A11Why did the writer mention the Eldfell volcano?AIt broke out in Iceland on April 14th
84、as well.BIt symbolized the accident that changed his life.CIt told us to make the best of a given situation.DIt encouraged him to know more about himself.解析：考查推理判断。根据文章第五段中的“After their plan worked.their homes”并结合“One must move on from misfortunes，focusing only on the present moment and being hopefu
85、l for the future”可推知，我们应该充分利用特定的环境。答案：C12What is the best title for the passage?AEscape from Volcanoes BInspiration from DisastersCLove for Earth SciencesDAttitude Toward Nature解析：考查主旨大意。本文作者通过讲述自己遭遇事故和火山爆发带来的好处及坏处，告诉人们要积极应对现实情况，所以选B项。答案：B阅读理解题型突破(十五)概括主旨大意类A(2017云南省昆明市高三复习教学质量检测)Two weeks ago，a 7ye
86、arold girl，Chloe Bridgewater wrote a letter to Google，expressing her interest in working for the tech company when she gets older.“Dear Google boss，my name is Chloe and when I am bigger I would like a job with Google，”she wrote.“I also want to work in a chocolate factory and do swimming in the Olymp
87、ics.” The student said she liked computers and had a tablet she played games on. She even showed off a robot game that her dad gave her.It wasnt long before Sundar Pichai，CEO of Google，replied with his own letter on Google website.In a letter dated Feb.3，Pichai wrote，“ Dear Chloe，Im glad that you li
88、ke computers and robots，and hope that you will continue to learn about technology.I think if you keep working hard and follow your dreams，you can accomplish everything you set your mind to.I look forward to receiving your job application when you are finished with school ！”Her father，Andy Bridgewate
89、r told ABC News he was completely shocked that his daughter received a reply.But he wasnt surprised that she decided to write the letter in the first place.“Shes got determination.She doesnt see the barriers that we face every day，” he explained.“If she wants to do it，she will set out to do it and n
90、othing will stop her.”The father remarked that his daughter began jumping up and down after receiving the letter.Still，hes not in a rush to send his eldest daughter off to work.“ Now，my daughter is confident，although she hasnt yet fully understood that it will take more efforts than finishing her st
91、udy to make it with Google，” he said.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文，七岁女孩Chloe Bridgewater给谷歌CEO Sundar Pichai写信，没想到却收到了Sundar的回信。1Chloes letter to Pichai shows us that she_.Aexpects to be one of the Google membersBhas a talent for making robotsCmakes up her mind to study hardDburies herself in computer games解析：考查细节理解
92、。根据第一段第二句中的“when I am bigger I would like a job with Google”可知，她写信给谷歌CEO是希望长大后能在谷歌工作，故A项正确。答案：A2We can know from the text that_.Athe girl wrote the letter to Pichai on February 3Bthere are two children in Bridgewaters familyCAndy didnt expect a reply from Pichai at allDGoogle is sure to hire Chloe a
93、fter her graduation解析：考查推理判断。根据第三段的第一句“Her father，Andy Bridgewater told ABC News he was completely shocked that his daughter received a reply”可知，Andy对于他的女儿能收到回信很惊讶，据此可推知，Andy根本没有指望会收到谷歌CEO的回信，故C项正确。答案：C3What is the main idea of the text?AA 7yearold girl gets a job with Google.BCEO of Google responds
94、 to a girls letter.CA father forbids his girl to work for Google.DGoogle decides to employ its youngest clerk.解析： 考查主旨大意。本文主要讲述七岁女孩Chloe Bridgewater给谷歌CEO写信，希望长大后在谷歌公司工作，没想到谷歌CEO给她回了信，鼓励她努力学习，实现梦想。答案：BB(2017湖北省七市(州)教科研协作体高三联合考试)Are you a social media addict？Are you always checking your smartphone to
95、 see how many “likes” youve received for your latest post? Maybe you feel comforted by the sound that someone has sent you a message?Dont worry，youre not alone.We check our phones an average of 150 times a day，and around 30% of the total time spent online is devoted to social media.Some experts now
96、fear this habit could be damaging our mental health.This is something particularly bothering young adults, according to a study from the University of Pittsburgh.It found the more they used social media，the more likely they were to be depressed (沮丧的)In tests，those people who checked social media fre
97、quently were 2.7 times more likely to be depressed compared to those who spent most of their time generally surfing the Internet，who had just 1.7 times the risk.Some of us certainly feel sad when were ignored on social media sites，or when we see someone else having a better time than us.But depressi
98、on is a more serious condition and clinical psychologist，Abigael San，recently told the BBC that，“Its a real issue，and its been getting significantly worse over the last 56 years.You can get so hooked that it takes you away from your real relationships.” However，Abigael does admit that social media i
99、s more likely to worsen preexisting issues than directly cause them.Other research by the University of Glasgow found that teenagers are affected by the 24hour demands of their social media accounts.It found that those with higher levels of emotional investment in social media，and who use it at nigh
100、t, were more likely to feel depressed and anxious.Despite these warning signs，why do some of us continue to keep clicking？Well，I suppose we all want to be liked and we dont want to miss out on a conversation thats taking place online.But we need to know when to switch off our virtual (虚拟的) online wo
101、rld and connect with the real world instead.语篇解读本文主要讲述了社交媒体上瘾的危害及应对策略。4Who is more likely to be depressed according to the study?APeople checking social media frequently.BPeople surfing the Internet regularly.CPeople receiving a few“likes” of their posts.DPeople longing for more messages.解析：考查细节理解。根
102、据文章第三段的最后一句“In tests，those people who checked social media frequently were 2.7 times more likely to be depressed compared to those who spent most of their time generally surfing the Internet，who had just 1.7 times the risk”可知，那些经常查看社交媒体的人更有可能抑郁。答案：A5Why does the author give a quote from Abigael San
103、in Para.4?ATo introduce the coming topic.BTo give a more supporting example.CTo stress the importance of social media.DTo explain the cause of a social media addict.解析：考查推理判断。根据第三段和第四段的整体内容可推知，第四段中引用心理学家Abigael的话是为了佐证全文的观点。答案：B6Why do people get addicted to social media according to the author?ABeca
104、use they have more time and money.BBecause the virtual world is much more attractive.CBecause they want to attract more attention.DBecause emotional investment in social media benefits them.解析：考查细节理解。根据最后一段的第二句“Well，I suppose we all want to be liked and we dont want to miss out on a conversation tha
105、ts taking place online”可知，人们沉溺于社交媒体不能自拔的原因是希望得到更多的关注。答案：C7Whats the passage mainly about?AIts common for teenagers to be a social addict.BUsing smartphones does harm to peoples health.CIts better to stay away from virtual online world.DSocial media addiction contributes to depression.解析：考查主旨大意。文章的第三
106、段点题，再结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲述的是社交媒体上瘾的危害会引起抑郁。答案：DC(2017重庆一模)The first potatoes were grown by the Incas of South America，more than 400 years ago.Their descendants (后代) in Ecuador and Chile continue to grow the vegetable as high as 14,000 feel up in the Andes Mountains.(Thats higher than any other food wi
107、ll grow.)Early Spanish and English explorers shipped potatoes to Europe，and they found their way to North America in the early 1600s.People eat potatoes in many waysbaked，mashed，and roasted，to name just three.However，in the United States most potatoes are eaten in the form of French fries.One fastfo
108、od chain alone sells more than $1 billion worth of fries each year.No wonder，then，that the company pays particular attention to the way its fries are prepared.Before any fry makes it to the people who eat at these popular restaurants，it must pass many separate tests.Fail any one of these tests and t
109、he potato is rejected.To start with，only Russet Burbank potatoes are used.These Idaho potatoes have less water content than other kinds，which can have as much as 80 percent water.Once cut into “shoestrings” shapes，the potatoes are partly fried in a secret blend of oils，sprayed with liquid sugar to b
110、rown them，steam dried at high heat，then flash frozen for shipment to individual restaurants.Before shipping，every shoestring is measured.Forty percent of a batch must be between two and three inches long.Another 40 percent has to be over three inches.What about the 20 percent that are left in the ba
111、tch? Well，a few short fries in a bag are okay，it seems.So，now that you realize the enormous size and value of the potato crop，you can understand why most people agree that this part of the food industry is no “small potatoes”语篇解读本文介绍了土豆被引进美国的历史及炸薯条在美国食物产业中举足轻重的地位。8Potatoes in North America came dire
112、ctly from_.AChileBEuropeCEcuador Dthe Andes Mountains解析：细节理解题。根据文中第一段最后一句“Early Spanish and English explorers shipped potatoes to Europe，and they found their way to North America in the early 1600s.”可知，北美最早的土豆来自欧洲。答案：B9Why does the company pay special attention to the way the fries are prepared?ABec
113、ause selling fries is a big business.BBecause fries are not easy to prepare at all.CBecause Americans are particular about fries.DBecause the government has a strict rule for that.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“One fastfood chain alone sells more than $1 billion worth of fries each year.No wonder，then，that the com
114、pany pays particular attention to the way its fries are prepared.”可知，在美国，炸薯条是个很大的行业，所以会被特殊关注。答案：A10In the last paragraph，the writer mainly wants to say_.Asmall potatoes cannot be used for friesBpotatoes are really important for AmericansCeating in America is the very first thingDfries are really imp
115、ortant for food industry解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的内容“this part of the food industry is no“small potatoes”可知，在美国，炸薯条在食品产业中不是“小土豆”(无足轻重的东西)，由此可推测，炸薯条在食品产业占有重要的地位。故选D项。答案：D11What is the main idea of this passage?AThe average American eats 50 pounds of potatoes a year.BFrench fries are made from potatoes.CPotatoes are a key vegetable in America.DThe various terms for potatoes have a long history. 解析：主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，在美国，土豆可以有多种吃法，尤其是炸薯条，深受人们的欢迎，也因此带来了强大的商业利润，在食品产业中占有重要地位。因此，本文的主旨是，在美国土豆是很重要的蔬菜。答案：C