1、上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习精剖析高效练专题一 构词法上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习考点一 派生法(一)形容词加-ly 变为副词的规律1一般情况加-ly。如：realreally；carefulcarefully；politepolitely；quickquickly。2“辅音字母加 y”结尾的，当 y 的发音为i时，变 y 为 i，再加-ly。如：angryangrily；busybusily；heavyheavily。当 y 的发音为i时，直接加-ly。如：shyshyly；drydryly。上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习3 以辅 音 字母 加 le 结 尾的 形 容词 变副
2、 词时，去掉 e 加-y。如：probableprobably；gentlegently。但以元音字母加 le 结尾时加-ly。如：solesolely。但 wholewholly 例外。4以元音字母加 e 结尾的形容词变副词，去掉 e 加ly。如：truetruly。易错警示 有的名词加-ly形容词，如：friendfriendly；lovelovely；monthmonthly。上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习(二)动词/名词变形容词的后缀及例词后缀例词-ableacceptacceptable 可接受的comfortcomfortable 舒适的-almusicmusical 音乐的o
3、riginoriginal 最初的-fulforgetforgetful 健忘的peacepeaceful 和平的上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习-iveeffecteffective 有效的；生效的attractattractive 有吸引力的-sometiretiresome 令人厌倦的troubletroublesome 麻烦的-yhealthhealthy 健康的wealthwealthy 富裕的；丰富的上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习-erneasteastern 东方的；向东的westwestern 西方的；向西的-ishfoolfoolish 愚蠢的；可笑的selfselfi
4、sh 自私的-aryimagineimaginary 想象中的secondsecondary 第二的；次要的上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习(三)动词变名词的后缀及例词后缀例词-anceenceperformperformance 表演；节目existexistence 存在；生存-iontionitionationattractattraction 吸引introduceintroduction 介绍competecompetition 比赛；竞争expectexpectation 期待；期望上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习-ionsiondiscussdiscussion 讨论；辩论d
5、ecidedecision 决定-inghearhearing 听力；听觉beginbeginning 开始-mentachieveachievement 功绩；成就argueargument 辩论；论据treattreatment 对待；治疗上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习-urefailfailure 失败；没做到departdeparture 离开；出发presspressure 压力-yrecoverrecovery 恢复；痊愈discoverdiscovery 发现上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习(四)形容词变名词的后缀及例词后缀例词-ageshortshortage 不足；短缺
6、-cyfluentfluency 流利；流畅accurateaccuracy 准确性-domfreefreedom 自由；自在wisewisdom 明智；智慧-nesskindkindness 仁慈；好意carelesscarelessness 粗心大意上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习-thgrowgrowth 成长；发展strongstrength 力气；强项-ytyityabilityibilitydifficultdifficulty 困难cruelcruelty 残酷；残暴realreality 现实；真实disabledisability 无能；伤残responsiblerespo
7、nsibility 责任上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习(五)常表示人的后缀及例词后缀例词-erteachteacher 老师villagevillager 村民strangestranger 陌生人-arlieliar 说谎者begbeggar 乞丐-eeemployemployee 受雇者；雇员interviewinterviewee 被面试者上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习-oractactor 男演员educateeducator 教育家；教师-essactactress 女演员godgoddess 女神hosthostess 女主人；女主持人-eseChinaChinese 中国
8、人JapanJapanese 日本人上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习-ianmusicmusician 音乐家historyhistorian 历史学家politicspolitician 政治家；政客-istnovelnovelist 小说家specialspecialist 专家tourtourist 旅行者；观光者-antserveservant 仆人participateparticipant 参加者assistassistant 助手；图书管理员上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习(六)表示否定或相反意义的前缀、后缀及例词前/后缀 例词 disagreedisagree 不同意adv
9、antagedisadvantage 缺点illegalillegal 不合法的logicalillogical 不合逻辑的前缀impoliteimpolite 无礼的patientimpatient 不耐烦的上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习informalinformal 非正式的convenientinconvenient 不方便的irregularirregular 不规则的responsibleirresponsible 不负责任的misleadmislead 误导understandmisunderstand 误解前缀nonnonsmoker 不吸烟者nonstop 直达的上一页返
10、回首页下一页高三一轮总复习前缀unusualunusual 不寻常的willingunwilling 不愿意的后缀-lesshopehopeless 绝望的endendless 没完没了的上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习(七)构成动词的前缀和后缀前/后缀 例词 前缀en-ableenable 使能够largeenlarge 扩大richenrich 使充实上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习enbroadbroaden(使)变宽riperipen(使)成熟sharpsharpen 使尖锐widewiden 加宽-ifyclassclassify 把分类justjustify 证明正确simpl
11、esimplify 简化后缀-izeapologyapologize 道歉emphasisemphasize 强调上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习考点二 合成法和转化法(一)合成法合成词是由两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词的构词方式(有的合成词写在一起，有的中间需加连字符，有的是分开写的两个)。合成词的词义可以根据各个组成部分的意思加以推断。构成合成词的几个词可以是词性相同的词也可以是词性不同的词。高中阶段常见的合成形式有：上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习合成名词notebook 笔记本；classroom 教室；blackboard 黑板；teamwork 协力；second langua
12、ge 第二语言 合成形容词lifelong 毕生的；second-hand 二手的；man-made 人工的；widespread 广泛的 合成动词underline 画底线标出；whitewash 粉饰；broadcast 广播；download 下载上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习(二)转化法不增加任何成分，不改变词形，把一个单词由一种词性转化为另外一种词性的构词法叫转化法。高中阶段常见的转化形式有：名词动词button 纽扣button 扣上纽扣 形容词动词correct 正确的correct 改正动词名词feed 喂养feed 一餐；一顿形容词名词native 本地的native 本
13、地人副词动词up 在上面up 提高上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习核心考点针对练.单句语法填空1(2016全国甲卷语法填空)Then，handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of(achieve)2(2016 全国甲卷 语法填空)Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks(regular)3(2016全国乙卷语法填空)But for tourists like me，pandas
14、are its top(attract)上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习4(2016全国丙卷语法填空)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，who lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC.，influenced the(develop)of chopsticks.5(2017河北石家庄高三调研)Like university students，the US high school students have the(free)to choose the courses that most
15、 interest them.6Her preparation course is helping her to get used to(academy)requirements of a Western university.【导学号：34802183】7A fireman(accidental)discovered the cause of the fire.上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习8It cost (approximate)$300I cant remember it exactly.9(beg)cant be choosers.10Other disabled people
16、find the website(benefit)because they can read about people with similar difficulties to their own.上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习【答 案】1.achievement 2.regularly 3.attraction 4.development 5.freedom 6.academic 7.accidentally 8.approximately 9.Beggars 10.beneficial 上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习.单句改错1(2016全国乙卷短文改错)My uncle tell
17、s me that the key to his success is honest.2(2016全国乙卷短文改错)Instead he hopes that his business will grow steady.3The man was so careful that he missed his train.上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习4Do you know the deep of the river?5“Whats that？”the father shouted angry.【答 案】1.honesthonesty 2.steadysteadily 3.carefulcar
18、eless 4.deepdepth 5.angryangrily上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习高考题型综合练.语法填空There was once a farmer who had a fine olive orchard(果园)He was very hard-working，and the farm was always going well in 1 care.When the farmer felt that he 2(have)a limited life，he called his 3(son)to him and said，“There is a pot of gold 4(
19、hide)in the olive orchard.Dig for it，if you wish for it.”After the farmer was 5(die)，his three sons went to find the pot of gold；since they did not know 6the hiding-place was，they agreed to dig until one of them found the gold.上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习They dug until they had turned the soil up 7one end of t
20、he orchard to the other.But no pot of gold was found.The three sons were 8(extreme)disappointed to have all their work for nothing.The next olive season，the olive trees there bore 9(much)fruit than they had ever given；when it 10(sell)，it gave the sons a whole pot of gold.They suddenly understood wha
21、t the wise father had meant.上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习【语篇解读】一个农民在临终前告诉他的儿子们在橄榄园中有一罐金子，他的三个儿子并没有在果园里挖到金子，不过他们从中悟出了父亲的用意。1his 考查物主代词。本句主语为 He，其对应的形容词性物主代词为 his。2had 考查时态。本文的主体时态是一般过去时，故此处用一般过去时。3sons 考查名词的数。根据下文中的“his three sons”可知这个农民有三个儿子，故此处用 sons。4hidden 考查非谓语动词。gold 与 hide 为动宾关系，此处应用过去分词 hidden 作后置定语。上一页返
22、回首页下一页高三一轮总复习5dead 考查动词转换为形容词。was 为系动词，其后接形容词作表语，表示“死”的状态，故用 dead。6where 考查从属连词。分析句子结构可知，know 后缺少宾语，此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少表语，表示地点，故此处用 where。7from 考查介词搭配。本句考查介词短语 from.to.“从到”。8extremely 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰其后的形容词 disappointed。故用 extremely“极其，非常”。9more 考查比较等级。由下文中的比较级的标志 than 可知此处应用more。上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习10was sold
23、考查动词时态和语态。sell 在此为及物动词，空前的 it 指代fruit，fruit 与 sell 之间为动宾关系，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，故用 was sold。上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习.短文改错Smog has covered large areas of Beijing recently，that has had lots of influence to our life.Its not convenience for us to go out due to the heavy smog.In order to take in less than poisonous a
24、ir，whenever we go out，we have to wear mask.Given such a serious problem，some measures must be taken to solve it.As for our government，some laws should be passed to ban factories from giving off poisonous waste.At same time，we are supposed not to drive to work but ride their bicycles.Now I appeal to
25、all people to take action against smog but protect our world from be polluted.Only in the way could we live in a green world.上一页返回首页下一页高三一轮总复习【答案】Smog has covered large areas of Beijing recently，thatwhich has had lots of influence toon our life.Its not convenienceconvenient for us to go out due to t
26、he heavy smog.In order to take in less than poisonous air，whenever we go out，we have to wear maskmasks.Given such a serious problem，some measures must be taken to solve it.As for our government，some laws should be passed to ban factories from giving off poisonous waste.At the same time，we are supposed not to drive to work but ride theirour bicycles.Now I appeal to all people to take action against smog butand protect our world from bebeing polluted.Only in the way couldcan we live in a green world.【导学号：34802184】