1、语法对点讲练三冠词一、不定冠词知识点讲解泛指某一类人、事、物，相当于any。I know that the pressure to stay slim is a problem, especially for an actress.泛指某人或某物，但不具体指明何人或何物，相当于a certain或some。A John called you just now.表示数量，有“一”的意思，相当于one。A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.表示“每一”，相当于per。The car is travelling at 100 miles an hou
2、r.用于序数词前，表示“又一；再一”。Please give me a second chance.抽象名词具体化，表示一个具体情况，一个具体动作。Their performance became a success.在一些物质名词前加不定冠词，表示“一阵；一场；一份；一种”。There will be a heavy storm.用于有形容词修饰的一日三餐前。He has a light breakfast every morning.用于有形容词修饰的季节、日期前。We had a very hot summer.We had a wonderful Sunday.与形容词比较级连用，表示
3、“一个更的”。用于so, as, too, how等修饰的形容词之后，单数可数名词前。This is too small a room for us to live in.用在such, what, many, half等词后，修饰单数可数名词。What a beautiful flower it is!与mostadj.连用，修饰单数可数名词。Thats a most expensive supper.用于同源宾语中。Live a happy life.用在固定搭配中：all of a sudden, in a word, come to an end, in a hurry, take a
4、 walk, make a living, at a loss等。对点训练完成下列小题，并指出考查上述哪个知识点()第一组单项填空1(2013山东卷)It was _ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across _ night sky.A. /; a B. a; theC. the; a D. the; /答案_B_知识点_解析第一个空泛指“一个寒冷冬天的夜晚”，故用不定冠词a；第二个空特指“晚上的天空”，故用定冠词the。2(2013徐州考前模拟)It is now _ universally accepted con
5、cept that _ early education should focus on childrens happiness.A. an; / B. an; /C. a; / D. the; the答案_C_知识点_解析concept作“概念”讲时是可数名词，表示泛指用不定冠词a。universally以辅音音素开头，不用an。education在此泛指“教育”的概念，为抽象名词，不加冠词。故选C项。3(2013福建卷)The “Chinese Dream” is _ dream to improve peoples wellbeing and _ dream of harmony, pea
6、ce and development.A. the; a B. a; aC. a; the D. the; the答案_B_知识点_解析句意：中国梦是一个改进人们生活水平的梦，一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。在句中dream是可数名词且为泛指，故两处都填a。4(2013陕西五校三模) Can you finish the book in _ month or two? Yes, its out of _ question.A. a; the B. the; /C. the; a D. a; /答案_D_知识点_解析第一空使用不定冠词a，表示数量“一”的概念，相当于one。out of questio
7、n“毫无疑问”； out of the question“绝不可能”，根据句意，不使用冠词。故选D项。5(2013江西卷)Animals are obviously _ lower form of life than _ man.A. a; / B. the; theC. a; the D. /; /答案_A_知识点_解析a lower form of life“一种更低级的生命形态”。man指人类为不可数名词，不用冠词。第二组语法填空6 May I have _ break, mum? Didnt you have _ short one an hour ago?答案a;_a知识点_解析ha
8、ve a break“休息一下”，为固定搭配。第二空one代指break, have a short break“短暂休息一下”。7I usually have _ hamburger while waiting for _ 7：00 school bus.答案a;_the知识点_解析不定冠词用在物质名词前表示“一份；一类；一阵”，故第一空填a。第二空特指七点钟的那辆校车，使用定冠词the。8 What about _ passage? Its too difficult _ passage for me.答案the;_a知识点_解析第一个空填the，表示谈话双方都知道的；第二个空填a，是“形
9、容词不定冠词单数名词”的用法。9(2013淄博二模)We do have _ Bob here, but he is not that Bob, chairman of our company.答案_a_知识点_解析Bob为一个人名，通常前边不使用冠词，此处使用不定冠词a表示泛指“一个叫的人；一个像的人”。二、定冠词知识点讲解用于单数可数名词前，表示一类人或物。The cat, like the dog, is a lovely creature.特指双方都知道的人或物，或再次提到上文提到过的人或物。I like the novel you lent me last week.特指世上独一无二
10、的事物。Which is the biggest, the sun, the earth or the moon?用在某些形容词、过去分词、v.ing形式前表示一类人或事物。The rich should help the poor.The dead no longer need. We must do something for the living, including the injured.用于序数词、最高级、only、very、same前。We made the same mistake at the same moment.We live on the twentythird fl
11、oor, the highest floor of this building.用在姓氏复数形式前，表示一家人或某某夫妇。the Smiths, the Browns用于由某些普通名词构成的国家、机关、团体等专有名词前。the Peoples Republic of China用在形容词比较级前，表示“两者中的一个”。Of the two sisters, Lily is the younger.用在世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前。in the 1990s, the Han Dynasty用在山河、节日、海洋等名词前。the Huanghe River, the Spring Festival
12、用于西洋乐器名称前。the piano, the guitar, the violin用在身体部位名称前，相当于物主代词(动词sb.介词the身体部位)。hit sb.on the head用在方位或发明物前，但当方位词同of短语构成方位副词短语时，其前不用冠词。invented the computer, in the east of BeijingTaiwan lies southeast of Fujian.用在表示具体的计量的名词前。by the hour, by the dozen用在固定搭配中。the other day, on the whole, in the distance
13、, in the future, on the contrary, on the increase对点训练完成下列小题，并指出考查上述哪个知识点()第一组单项填空1(2013陕西卷)Marco Polo is said to have sailed on _ Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in _ thirteenth century.A. the; a B. a; /C. /; the D. the; the答案_D_知识点_，_解析专有名词四大洋前要用定冠词the，又因“在几世纪”常用固定结构“in the序数词century”，故选项D正确。2(201
14、3重庆卷)The parents were shocked by _ news that their son needed _ operation on his knee.A. a; / B. the; /C. the; an D. a; an答案_C_知识点_解析由news后的that从句可知为特指；第二空为表示数量。3(2013潍坊仿真四)The education of _ young is always _ hot and serious topic.A. the; a B. /; /C. /; the D. the; /答案_A_知识点_解析young是名词化的形容词，定冠词与此类词
15、语连用表示“一类人或事物”。the young“年轻人”。第二空表示泛指，用不定冠词a。a hot and serious topic“一个热门且严肃的话题”。故选A项。4(2013北京顺义区第二次统考)_ Brown Bear in Russia is more or less _ same animal as the Grizzly Bear in North America.A. The; the B. A; aC. The; a D. A; the答案_A_知识点_，_解析Brown Bear in Russia和Grizzly Bear in North America都是由普通名词
16、构成的专有名词，其前使用定冠词the。第二空the same . as为固定搭配。故选A项。第二组语法填空5The bus to the Forbidden City runs on _ hour by _ hour.答案the;_the知识点_，_解析句意：去紫禁城的公交车按小时整点发车。on the hour“在整点”固定短语； by the hour“按小时计算”。6As we all know, Steve Jobs is _ man of great achievement, who is considered one of _ greatest businessmen of our
17、 time.答案a;_the知识点_解析a man of great achievement“一位有巨大成就的人”， a表示数量“一”；第二个空填the，是the与形容词最高级连用。7The biggest whale is _ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 metres longthe height of _ 9story building.答案the; _a知识点_解析第一个空填the, the用在单数名词前表示类属；第二个空填a表示“一”， the height of a 9story building“九层楼的高度”。8I dont kn
18、ow who invented _ iPhone, but I think it is _ useful invention.答案the;_a知识点_解析第一个空填the，定冠词用于表示发明物的单数名词前； useful以辅音音素开头，用a不用an。三、零冠词的用法知识点讲解在专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词前。Iron and steel plays an important role in industry.Happiness is a direction, not a place.复数名词泛指一类人或物或表示不定量的人或物时。Newspapers, magazines, the Intern
19、et, radio and television are the most common places to find advertisements.在星期、月份、季节和节假日前。If winter comes, can spring be far behind?特别提示特定意义的月份、季节和中国传统节日的名词前通常加定冠词。the Spring Festival, the Dragon Boat FestivalI dont like the spring of Jinan.在称呼语前或表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作表语、补语、同位语时。Doctor, Im not feeling mys
20、elf today.Im captain of the class team.表示学科、三餐、语言、棋类和球类运动的名词前。They can choose other subjects like Art, Computer, Science or languages such as Spanish and German.特别提示三餐前有修饰语或特指某顿饭时，可用冠词；表示语言的名词与language连用时，加定冠词the。与by连用的交通和通讯工具前。by train, by bus, by sea, by boat系动词turn后的单数名词作表语时。His brother has turne
21、d writer.由音译地名组成的街道、广场、公园、旅馆、大学等名称前。Beihai Park, East Changan Streetand连接两种身份组成的一个人或事物时，后者不用冠词。a worker and writer名词前已有指示代词、物主代词、所有格等限定词时。This is my address.I like this flower.as, though引导的让步状语从句中，单数可数名词作表语提至句首时。Child as he is, he knows quite a lot about the history of China.no such后的名词前。No such thi
22、ng has ever happened in our school.某些固定搭配中。at first, at table, by way of, day by day, keep in mind, on purpose等。下列短语有无冠词意义不同：对点训练完成下列小题，并指出考查上述哪个知识点()1I have joined _ health club across the street to get in _ shape.A. the; / B. a; /C. the; the D. a; a答案_A_知识点_解析health club有across the street限定，表示特指，使
23、用定冠词the修饰。get in shape“保持体型；恢复身体”，为固定搭配，不使用冠词。故选A项。2(2013山东模拟卷三)There is _ small temple on the island, which can only be reached by _ water.A. a; / B. a; theC. the; the D. the; /答案_A_知识点_解析small temple表示泛指“岛上的一个小庙”，用不定冠词修饰。by water“走水路；经由水路”，为固定用法。故选A项。3(2013烟台5月练习三)When my sister left _ college, sh
24、e got a job as _ reporter in a newspaper office.A. a; the B. /; a C. the; the D. a; /答案_B_知识点_解析leave college“大学毕业”； leave the college“离开学院”，根据句意，第一空不填冠词。as a reporter“作为一名记者”， a表示类属。故选B项。4Doctor Zhang, an honest expert on _ subject, will give us a lecture on nationwide water shortage _ next Friday.
25、A. the; / B. the; theC. a; / D. a; the答案_A_知识点_解析第一空subject指说话双方都知道的事物，故用定冠词the。月份、星期、节日、季节等名词前一般不用冠词。故选A项。5What _ pity that you must leave now! It is such _ great fun to have dinner with you.A. a; a B. a; theC. /; a D. a; /答案_D_知识点_解析what a pity“真遗憾”， fun为抽象名词，前面不用不定冠词。6David Cameron was elected _
26、Prime Minister to lead Britain to _ new time.A. /; a B. the; aC. a; the D. a; /答案_A_知识点_解析句意：大卫卡莫尔被选为英国首相，他带领英国进入一个新时代。第一空， Prime Minister为表示头衔的名词作主语补足语，其前不用冠词；第二空泛指“一个新时代”。7(江西卷)The Smiths dont usually like staying at _ hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by _ sea.A.
27、/; a B. the; theC. /; the D. the; a答案_C_知识点_解析句意：史密斯夫妇不太喜欢住旅馆，不过去年夏天他们在海边的一个很舒适的旅馆度过了几天。hotels为复数形式，无特指含义，不用定冠词；第二个空是指海边的旅馆， by the sea指“在岸上的海边”，特指， by sea“乘船；由海路”。8After John graduated from the university he went to _ hospital and turned _ doctor.A. the; a B. the; /C. /; a D. /; /答案_B_知识点_，_解析go to the hospital“去医院”； go to hospital“去看病”， turn表示“成为”时后接名词，名词前不用冠词。9In my mind, no such _ thing in our country as the Great Wall can stand for the image and _ culture of China.A. a; the B. a; /C. /; the D. /; /答案_C_知识点_解析no相当于not a，在no such与单数名词连用时不用冠词； culture后面有修饰成分，所以第二个空填the。