1、 上高考资源网 下精品高考试题2008全国高考新题型预测-10（英语）Chapter 10 SBI Units 19-20重点句型1. What do you think causes these changes?2. It is on this arable land that the farmers produce food for the whole population of China.3. To make as much use of the land as possible, two or more crops are planted each year where possib
2、le.4. Not only is food production important but also taking care of the environment.5. Much of the wisdom discovered by early Chinese scientists is still useful for farming.6. Acting our stereotypes of people from different countries can be very funny.7. What comedians have in common with the player
3、s in a comedy is their way of playing with words.8. Typical for China is the crosstalk show, where a pair of comedians entertain the audience with word play. 重点词汇1. protection n. 保护；防卫2. technique n. 技术；技巧3. irrigation n. 灌溉；冲洗4. import n. & v. 进口；输入5. production n. 产品；总产鼍6. sow v. 播种；散布7. wisdom n.
4、 智慧；学识8. firstly adv. 首先9. remove vt. 移动；搬开10. depend v. 依靠；依赖11. insect n. 昆虫12. discovery n. 发现；被发现的事物13. humor n. 幽默；诙谐14. practical adj. 实际的；实用的15. fortunately adv. 幸运地16. intend vt. 打算；想要17. nationality n.国籍18. fluent adj. 流利的；流畅的19. amuse vt. 使发笑；使愉快20. laughter n. 笑；笑声21. accent n. 口音；腔调22. t
5、ypical adj. 典型的23. actually adv. 事实上24. appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激25. operate v. 运转；操作26. silence n. 寂静；沉默27. confuse vt. 使迷惑；混淆28. applaud v. & n. 拍手喝彩；赞同29. exist vi. 存在30. direction n. 方向；指示 重点短语1. bring in 引进2. depend on 依靠3. protect from 保护免受4. make use of 利用5. make fun of 取笑；嘲笑6. drive off 赶走；开走7. d
6、ate back to 追溯到8. look on as 把看作9. be on good terms with 和关系好10. go against 违背；违犯11. have an effect on 对有影响12. at the right time of the year 在适当季节13. year after year 年复一年14. pass on 传递下去15. the first time 第一次16. enjoy a long life 健康长寿17. in great surprise 大吃一惊18. add to 增添19. from generation to gene
7、ration 一代代20. be different from 与不同短语闯关下列短语都是这两个单元学过的重要短语，请你根据汉语在横线上填人一个正确的词，每个词4分，80分才能过关，你一定能过关，做好了闯关的准备吗?那么我们就开始吧?1. depend _ 信赖；依靠；取决于2. and _ on 等等(表示列举未尽)3. twister 绕口令4. make fun _ 取笑；嘲笑5. date _ (to) 回溯到；追溯到6. make use _ 利用某事物(某人)7. be _ good terms (with sb)(与某人)关系好8. drive _ 把(车)开走；赶走；击退9.
8、look on._ 把看作10. _ the 1980s在20世纪80年代11. have an effect _ 对产生影响12. bring _ 引进13. not onlybut _ 不仅而且14. _ good money 赚大钱15. go _ 违背；违犯16. a wide audience得到广大观众的欢迎l7. play _ words玩弄词藻18. be fluent _ English英语说得流利19. act _ small sketches演小品20. _ sunset(在)黄昏21. pass _ 传递下去22. _ a long life健康长寿23. _ grea
9、t surprise大吃一惊24. all _ China 全中国25. act the _ of 演角色 交际用语1. In my opinion you should.2. If I were you.3. We cant do both, so.4. As far as I can see the best thing would be to.5. Wouldnt it be better if.6. I hope (wish) to7. I intend to.词汇短语6. amuse vt. (1) 给娱乐(消遣) (2) 使喜欢 (高兴) (3) 逗乐(笑) amusement n
10、. 娱乐；消遣；娱乐活动 amused adj. 愉快的；开心的；好玩的 amusing adj. 有趣的 His story amuses me. 他的故事使我发笑。 The children amused themselves by playing hide-and- seek games. 孩子们玩捉迷藏游戏取乐。 词组 be amused at 以为乐；对觉得有趣 (好笑) be amused by 以为乐；对觉得有趣(好笑) be amused with 以为乐；对觉得有趣(好笑) amuse oneself with 以自娱7. appreciate vt. 鉴赏，欣赏；感谢；意识
11、到 vi. 涨价； 增加 appreciator n. 鉴别(赏)者；赏识者 appreciation n. 欣赏；评价；了解；感激 appreciative adj. 赞赏的；有欣赏力的；感激的 We all appreciate the holiday after a year of hard work. 经过一年的辛苦工作之后，我们都十分珍惜这个假 期。 A musician can appreciate small differences in sounds. 音乐家能辨别声音中极细微的差别。 We shall appreciate hearing from you again 我们恭
12、候佳音。 I dont think you appreciate the danger of this job. 我认为你完全不了解这项工作的危险性。 I appreciate your kindness. 多谢厚意。 Houses in this area have all appreciated since the new road was built. 这条新路修好后，这个地区的房子都涨价了。 【注意appreciate 后接动词的-ing形式，不能接不定 式，也不可用“人”作宾语。【考点2】certain 的用法构词： certainly adv. 的确，(口语)当然行 certain
13、ty n. 确实确定(性)；确知，确信；必然的事； 毫无疑问的事搭配： It is certain that. ”是肯定无疑的 友情提示：certain在大多时候可以被sure替换，但此 句型中不可以。 be certain of / about确信，深信 be certain to do sth必然，一定 be not certain whether.不能确定是否 for certain 肯定地，确凿地 make certain of / about把弄清楚，把弄确 实 make certain that. 保证【考例2】NMET 1997 Wait till you are more_.
14、Its better to be sure than sorry. A. inspired B. satisfied C. calm D. certain考查目标 本题考查certain的词义。答案与解析D 从下文的sure可以得到印证，句意是“等到有把握(确信)”。5. develop v. (1) vt. 发展，养成；形成，培养 The little boy developed an interest in music. 这个小男孩对音乐感兴趣。 Fresh air and exercise develop healthy bodies. 新鲜空气和体育锻炼造就了健康的体魄。 (2) 成长
15、，形成 James has developed into a charming young man. 詹姆斯已经长成为一个富有魅力的年青人。 (3) 冲洗 (胶卷) Lets have these pictures developed. 咱们把这些照片冲洗出来吧。 (4) 开发，建设 We should develop the natural resources of our country. 我们应该开发我们国家的自然资源。 拓展developed adj. 发达的 developed country / society 发达国家社会 developing adj. 发展中的 develop
16、ing country / society 发展中国家社会 development n. 发展，进步，成长，开发2. guide vt. 指导；带领 vi. 任向导 n. 领路人，导 游者，向导 guidance n. 指导；领导 guided adj. 有领导的；指导的 guiding n. 导向；控制 They guided us to the office. 他们带领我们到了办公室。 Be guided by your feeling. 按你的感觉行事。 guide后常接介词to，意为“的指南，的向 导”。 This book is a guide to Ennglish Grammar
17、. 这是一本英语语法指南。4. intend vt. (1) 想要，打算；企图 (2) 设计；计划 (3) 意指；意思足 intending adj. 主英 预期的；未来的 intended adj. 预期的；有意的；已订婚的 n. 未婚妻夫 I intend to go home. 我想回家。 The book is intended for beginners. 本书是为初学者编写的。 What do you intend by that remark? 你说这话是什么意思? Is that what you intended? 这是你的原意吗? 词组 be intended to (do
18、) 使；是用来 be intended to be 规定为；确定为 it is intended that 企图；意图是 intend for 打算供使用；打算送给；打算使 成为；想让从事某事【考点1】intend的用法构词：intention n. 意图，打算，目的；意义，用意 搭配： intend that. 打算 intend doing sth / to do sth 打算 intend.for.打算供使用，打算把送给 ；打算使成为；想让从事 intend sb to do sth 打算让某人做某事 be intended / meant for 专门为专门给 have no inte
19、ntion of doing无意做 with the intention of 抱有目的，打算 without intention 无意中，不是故意地【考例1】2004北京Younger people shouldnt be doingexercises _ for 18-year-olds. A. used B. intended C. made D. described考查目标 本题考查intend的基本用法。答案与解析B intend与for的搭配表示“打算供某人使用，为某人设计使用”等意思。【考点6】mind 的用法 构词：evil-minded 存心不良的low-minded 卑鄙的
20、research-minded 富于研究精神的small-minded 气量小的strong-minded 意志坚强的absent-minded 心不在焉地 搭配： against ones mind 违反某人的心愿，没有得到某人 的同意 apply bend / give / pay / set ones mind to 专心 ，一心一意 be in / have a good mind to do sth 极想，极有意 be of / in a / one mind 意见一致 be out of ones mind 精神不正常，发疯；忘记 bear / keep.in mind 记住，记在
21、心里 bring / call.to ones mind 想起，回忆起 change ones mind 改变想法主意；变卦 come to / into ones mind 浮现在某人的脑海中 give ones (whole) mind to 一心一意地，专心于 make up ones mind 决心，打定主意；接受，承认 read sbs mind / thoughts 看出某人的心思，知道某 人在想些什么 to sbs mind 在某人看来；合某人的心意 with one mind 全体一致地；同心间德 mind (sb / sbs) doing sth介意反对(某人)做某事 nev
22、er mind 别难过；没关系；不重要【考例6】2004山西模拟 To most of us,friendshipsare considered very important, but we need to haveclear in our _ the kinds of friends we want. A. hearts B. thought C. actions D. minds考查目标 本题考查mind的意思及其他和一些近义词的区别。答案与解析D in ones mind 意思是“在某人的心目中”，in ones heart 则常表示“在某人内心深处”，二者使用的场合不同。【考点3】op
23、erate的用法构词： operating-table n. 手术台 operation n. 运转，操作，实施，作用，业务，工作， 手术，军事行动 operaUve adj. 运转着的，有效的，手术的，起作用 的，生效的 搭配： operate on / upon sb 给某人动手术 be in operation 在运转中；在行动中；在实施中；在 生效中 come / go into operation 开始工作运转；生效 perform an operation on sb for a disease 给某人动手 术 put / bring into operation 实施，施行【考例
24、3】I was wondering why suddenly the lift was not_ properly. A. operating on B. operating C. managing D. controlling考查目标operate的多种含义。答案与解析B operate可作不及物动词，意为“(机器电梯等)运转”，结合本题语境，只有B正确。本句意为“我一直在纳闷为何电梯突然失灵了”。1. remove vt. 移动，拿开；脱掉，摘掉；去掉，开除。 He removed his desk to another office after argument. 争吵后，他把办公桌搬到
25、了另一个办公室。 Please remove your baggage from the seat so that the old man can sit down. 请把你的行李拿开让这位老人坐下。 I recognised Tom after he removed his dark glasses. 汤姆取下墨镜后我才认出他。【考点4】return的用法 搭配： in relurn (for) 作为的报答回礼，交换 (Wish you) many happy returns!(祝你)福寿无疆， 长命百岁! write in return 写回信 return sb a visit 回访某人
26、 return ticket 来回票 in return for 报答 make a return 作报告汇报 small profits and quick returns 薄利多销【考例4】2004湖北Two weeks later, she _ tofind her old car cleaned inside and out with three newtires and the radio fixed. A. shocked B. happened C. returned D. came考查目标本题考查return的基本词义。答案与解析C 根据上下文本空白所需要的意思是“回来”。【考
27、点7】seat的用法 搭配： Please have a seat. 请坐。 take a seat 坐下 take ones seat 就座，坐在自己的座位上；(当选为议 员后)就职 seat oneself (=be seated) 坐下【考例7】2003北京西城模拟 At dinner, he was_ beside a woman full of dignity A. seated B. placed C. arranged D. kept考查目标 本题考查seat作为动词时的用法。答案与解析A 作为动词的seat意思是“给某人安排座位，让某人落座”，常用被动语态。8. suffer
28、vt. 遭受；忍耐 vi. 受苦(难)；受损失；吃亏； 受罚 (for)；患病 (from) sufferer n. 受苦的人；受害者；患者 suffering n. 苦楚；受难 adj受苦的；患病的 I will not suffer such conduct. 我不能容忍这种行为。 His business suffered greatly during the war. 他的生意在战争中蒙受了重大损失。 He suffered for his carelessness. 他因粗心而吃了亏。 The child suffers from measles. 这小孩得了麻疹。 词组 suffe
29、r for 为而受苦 suffer from 患病；受苦【考点5】use的用法 构词： used adj. 用过的，旧的 usable adj. 可用的，适于使用的 user n. 使用者，用户 useful adj. 有用的，有助益的 useless adj. 没用的，无价值的 搭配： use up 用完，耗尽；(口)使筋疲力尽 make (full) use of (充分)利用，使用 of (no) use (没)有用 out of use 不再使用了，不通用，作废 in use 正在用，通用 bring / put sth into use 开始使用(某物) come into use
30、开始被使用【考例5】2004辽宁 With special equipment, somescientists are studying the ways in which the mountainsnow can be_, and with the help of a repeaterstation,. A. taken care of B. made use of C. piled up D. saved up考查目标 本题考查use构成的短语make use of的意思。答案与解析B make use of 的意思是“利用”，在本句中使用了被动语态。牛刀小试1用所给单词的适当形式填空：(
31、intend, certain, return, operate, use, seat, mind)1. Some of the projects are _ by the women who were left in the village.2. Would you _ if they smoked in the next carri- age?3. Lisa was that the new film was to be hold in our city next month.4. Be please, the organizer said to us.5. Two hours passe
32、d but no children _ to their homes.6. I _ to act in a film directed by Miss Swift.7. A good _ should be made of the computer to solve the problem we have been facing these years. 【短语归类】9. date back to / from 追溯到；始于 In China needle treatment dates back to ancient times. 在中国，针刺疗法从古代起就有了。 This document
33、 dates from 1789. 文件上注明的日期是1789年。 词组 break the date 不遵守约会；失约 bring sth. up to date 使现代化；使达到最新 研究成果 (水平) make / have a date with sb. 口(与某人)约会(常指 男女之间) out of date 过时的；废弃的 up to date 直到最近的；新式的；现代的 closing date for entries报名截止日期10. look on.as 把看作 They all look on him as a member of their family. 他们都把他看
34、作是自家人。 Dont look on him as a child. He is old enough to look after himself. 别把他当成孩子看待，他已经能照顾自己了。 词组 look after 照料 look back (与on, to连用) 回想；记起；停滞不前 took down on 轻视；看不起 look forward to 盼望；期待 look in 顺便看望；短暂访问 look on (常与as连用)旁观；看作(=look upon) look out 注意；找出；挑选出 look over 翻阅；浏览；检查 look up 好转；在书中查到；寻访到；
35、探访(某人) look up to 尊敬【考点1】含look的短语 look the same 看起来一样 look after 照料，照看 look at 看 look for 寻找 look over (仔细)检查 look up 向上看，查找，查寻，改善 look on.as. 把看作 look out 留神，注意 look like 看起来像 look through 浏览，细看 look on 旁观 look into 调查 look (a) round 环顾四周 look down 俯视例句 He looked over the food in the refrigerator a
36、ndfound that he had eaten up all the eggs and butter. 他查看了一下冰箱里的食物，发现所有的鸡蛋和黄油都吃光了。The weather is looking up, so we may go out thiscoming Sunday. 天气在好转，所以我们这周日也许能出去。There were signs everywhere warning people to lookOUt for falling rocks. 到处都有牌子，提醒人们当心岩石掉下来。We look on Kong Fansen as a model for us to
37、learnfrom. 我们把孔繁森当作我们学习的楷模。【考例1】(NMET 1 990) _ this book and tell mewhat you think of it. A. Look through B. Look on C. Look into D. Look up考查目标此题主要考查look短语的短语的用法。答案与解析A look through 浏览，细看；look on 旁观；look into 调查；look up 向上看，查找，查寻，改善。本句话意思是“仔细看一看这本书，告诉我你的想法”。3. make use of 利用；使用 He made use of every
38、 secx)nd to learn his lessons every day. 每天他分秒必争地学习。 If better use is made of your spare time, you will make great progress in it. 如果你更好地利用你的业余时间，你会在那方面取 得更大的进步。【考点3】含“动词 + on”的短语 carry on 坚持下去，继续下去 come on 来吧，跟着来，赶快 call on 访问，号召，邀请 go on 继续 go on doing 继续做 get on 上(车) hold on 等一等，不挂断 live on 继续存在，
39、继续活着以为主食，以 为依靠 knock on 敲(门、窗) pass on 传递，转移到 put on 穿上，上演 turn on 打开 try on 试穿，试戴 depend on 依赖，依靠，取决于 test on 在(身上)做试验 be on good terms 关系好 play a trick on sb 开某人玩笑，欺骗某人例句Though tired and hungry, we carried on until wereached camp. 尽管又累又饿，我们还是坚持到了宿营地。As the years go on, we grow both wiser and sadde
40、r. 随着岁月的流逝，我们变得既明智又有点伤感。He put on an air of innocence, but it didnt deceive us.他装出一副无辜的样子，但是这欺骗不了我们。Several pairs of shoes were tried on, but none of themwere satisfactory. 试穿了几双鞋，但是没有令人满意的。The southerners in China mainly live on rice. 中国南方的人主要以大米为食。Dont play a trick on me I want to know the truth.
41、不要欺骗我我想知道真相。I call on the people of the country to work hard for national unity. 我号召本国的人民为了国家的统一而努力。【考例3】(2005辽宁) Could you please tell me whereyou bought the shoes you _ yesterday? A. tried on B. put on C. had on D. pulled on考查目标 此题主要考查“动词 + on”的短语用法。答案与解析C 句子的意思明显是表达“穿”的意思(表状态)。而try on 的意思是“试穿”，pu
42、t on 的意思是“穿”。但强调的是动作，pull on 也表穿戴的意思，表动作，多指袜子或帽子等。【考点2】含“动词+back的短语 come back 回来 bring sb back 送回某人 bring.back to life 使苏醒，使生动，使活泼 bring back 拿回来，使恢复。使回想起 go back 回去 get.back 退还，送回去，取回 get back 回来，取回 date back to 回溯至，追溯到 take back 收回，取回 keep back 隐瞒不讲，扣留，阻止 hold bac k阻止例句 Her stay among the mountain
43、s brought her backto health. 她在山中逗留使得她恢复了健康。This custom dates back to the Tang Dynasty. 这种风俗可追溯到唐朝。I apologize to you, now I will take back what I said. 我向你道歉，现在我愿意收回我所说的话。He may be telling the truth but he is keeping somethingback. 他也许在说实话，但是他在隐瞒什么。His story brought back our happy childhood togethe
44、r.这个故事把我带到了我们在一起时的快乐童年。【考例2】(2004 全国卷I) You can take anything fromthe shelf and read, but pleas _ the books whenyouve finished with them. A. put on B. put down C. put back D. put off考查目标 此题主要考查put短语的用法。答案与解析C put on 穿戴，上演；put down 记下，放下；put back 放回原处；put off 推迟。本句话的意思是“从书架上你可以拿任何东西来读，但是读完后请放回原处”。 词语
45、比较1. product, production, produce 这组词均指通过劳动或努力而生产形成的产品。 product 是最普通的词，多指某种自然或人工的产品 或产物，还指文学或艺术方面的作品。 production 指产品时，常限于人工产品，包括智力和 艺术劳动产品。亦为戏剧或电影中的常用词。用在 抽象的意义上，表示“生产；产量”。 produce 是个集合名词，指自然产品，特别是农业产 品而非工业品。 She is the product Of talented parents. 她是她天资卓越的父母的产物。 Production of iron has increased in
46、the last few years. 最近几年铁的产量增加了。 The farmers brought their produce to town early each Saturday. 农民们每星期六一早把农产品带到镇上去。2. guide, conduct, lead 作为动词三者都有“领”“导”或“引”的含义。它们的 区别在于：guide (抽象名词guidance；具体名词guide “向导”) 是通用词，可以用于“为别人带路”“指导别 人的学习、品行修养”，它的内涵是避免走弯路或遇 到危险。而conduct (抽象名词conductance“传导 力”；具体名词conductor
47、向导者”，公共汽车等的“售 票员”) 在表示“指导、引导”时含有明显的主从关系， 即被引导者不服从是不可以的。lead (抽象名词 leadership领导”；具体名词leader领袖、领队”)可以 表示“领导、带路”，但它总含有领导者走在前面，而 把被领导者控制在自己的权威之下，或被领导者处 于秩序井然的状态中的意思。 Thousands of lanterns slowly drift out to sea guiding the dead on their return journey to the other world. 数千只灯笼慢慢向大海漂去，给死人返回阴间指明 道路。 At t
48、he top of the bank my guide paused and looked back at me. 我的向导在河岸上稍停了一下，并且回头看了看我。 He is now studying under the guidance of Professor Green. 他现在正在格林教授的指导下学习。3. happen, take place, breakout, occur (1) happen 往往表示偶然性的没预料到的事情的“发 生”。 How did the accident happen? Youd better let me know. (2) take place 表示
49、必然性的“发生”或指是布置或策 划好某事后“举行”的。 Great changes have taken place in our country these years. 这些年我国发生了巨大的变化。 (3) break out 表示地震、战争、火灾、疾病等“突然发 生”、“爆发” A fire broke out in the neighborhood last night. (4) occur 相当于 happen It is said that the traffic accident OCCUlTed at midnight. 联想 主语 (人) + happen + 动词不定式 I
50、t (形式主语) + happen + that从句 (真正的主语) I happened to see him in the street. (碰巧、恰巧)4. sure, certain, confident 意思都是“确信的”。sure强调“主观上确信无疑 的”。certain 指“有充分根据或理由而相信的”。 confident 强调“对某人(物)坚信的或满怀信心的”。 be sure to 中的sure 不能改为certain。 Im sure you dont mean it. 我相信你是无意的。 This letter made me certain 0f his innocen
51、ce. 这封信使我相信他是无罪的。 Hes confident he will win. 他坚信他会赢。 词组 be certain of 确信；深信 be certain to 必然；一定 be not certain whether. 不能确定是否 for certain 肯定地；确凿地 make certain (of, that) 把弄清楚；把弄确 实；保证5. late, later, latest, lately late 是形容词或副词，表示“晚，迟”；later 是副词，表 示“以后，后来”，常单独使用或放于一段时间之后； latest 是形容词，表示“最近的”；lately
52、是副词，表示 “最近，近来”。 He went to bed late last night. 他昨晚睡得很迟。 I shall call again later. 我过会儿再打电话。 People want to buy the latest newspaper, nobody wants to buy yesterdays. 人们都要买最新的报纸，没人要买昨天的。 Have you seen him lately? 你近来见到过他吗?6. deep, deeply deep 既可作形容词，又可作副词，表示动作与事物的 具体深度，注意习惯搭配。deep into, go deep, be b
53、uried deep，drink deep(痛饮)；deeply为副词，常用 于修饰形容词、分词以及含有抽象意义的动词。 Our teacher often work deep into the night. 我们老师常常工作到深夜。 Her faith goes very deep. 她的信仰很坚定。 We are deeply moved by what she said and did. 她的言行使我们深受感动。 Im deeply grateful for the advice you gave me. 我非常感激你对我的劝告。7. year after year, year by y
54、ear year after year 意为“年复一年地”，常用来表示每年 重复，在句中作状语，类似的结构还有：day after day; month after month; one after another; letter after letter；而 year by year 表示逐渐的变化过程，类似的 结构还有：day by day; little by little (逐渐地)。 My grandfather grows older year by year. 我爷爷一年年老了。 We call on our teachers on TeachersDay year after
55、year. 我们年年教师节都要看望老师。 句型诠释1. What do you think causes these changes? 你认为是什么(原因)引起这些变化的? What effects do you think the changes in eating habits will have on agriculture and nature? 你认为这些饮食变化对农业和自然会起什么作用? 句中 do you think 是插入语，经常位于疑问词(组) 后，有时也可放在句尾。 Where do you think our English teacher comes from? 你认为
56、我们的英语老师来自哪里? Who do you think the old lady is? 你认为那老太太是谁? What is it, do you think? 你认为这是什么?2. To make as much ase of the land as possible, two or more crops ale planted each year where possible. 为了充分利用土地，在有条件的地方，每年种植两季 以上的庄稼。 句中 as possible和 where possible 是 as it is possible 和 where it is possible
57、的省略形式，在类似结构中it is / was常常被省略。as.as possible是固定的结构，表 示“尽可能”。 We need to send the letter off as soon as possible. 我们有必要尽可能快地把这封信寄出去。 Hold your breath for as long as possible. 屏住呼吸，时间越长越好。 Fill the words in the blanks where necessary. 在需要的地方填上单词。3. Not only is food production important but also taking
58、care of the environment. 粮食牛产固然重要，环保也很重要。 (1)当 not only.but (also). 连接两个并列分句 时，前一个分句要用部分倒装，即部分谓语(助动词、 系动词、情态动词)提到主语之前，第二个分句不要 倒装。有时后一个分句与前一个分句的相同部分可 以省略。(2) 当not only.but (also).连接两个主 语时，其谓语与靠近它的主语保持一致。 Not only did he speak more correctly but he spoke more easily. 他不仅讲话更正确，而且讲得也较不费劲了。 Not only the
59、students but also the teacher is interested in the TV play. 不仪学生们而儿老师也对这部电视剧感兴趣。4. Much of the wisdom discovered by early Chinese scientists is still useful for farmers and gardeners. 中国古代科学家所发现的大量知识和经验，对于今 人的农民和园艺工仍然有用。 句中 discovered by early Chinese scientists是过去分 词短语作后置定语，相当于which was discovered
60、by 。过去分词短语作定语一般具有以下特点：(1) 放在修饰侧的后面。(2)与修饰词构成被动关系。 (3)相当于一个灰示被动的定语从句。单个的过去 分词作定语一般放在修饰词的前面，在个别情况下 放在修饰词之后。 The system used in this school is very successful. 这学校使用的系统很成功。 There is a red car parked outside the house. 房子外边停着一辆红色汽车。 The window broken in the stoml has now been repaired. 在暴风雨中打破了的窗户，已经修好了
61、。5. What comedians have in common with the players in a comedy is their way of playing with words. 滑稽演员与喜剧演员，共间点在于说话玩弄词藻。 句中what引导的从句为主语从句。(have).in common (with) 表示“和有共同之处”的意思。 OUt of common 则表示“异乎寻常；不平常”的意思。 They have a lot in common. 他们有许多共同之处。 I havent a thing in common with my father. 我与父亲格格不入。
62、 He had noticed nothing out of common. 他没有发现异乎寻常的事。 6. I remember that the last time we met I did most of the talking, so perhaps I should Iet you do the talking this time. 我记得，上次见面时主要是我讲话，因此，也许这次 应该让你讲话了。 句中 the last time 为连词引导时间状语从句。引导 时间状语从句的词组有as soon as, hardly.when, no sooner.than, the moment,
63、 by the time, every time, each time 等。 The moment I saw him, I recognised him. 我一见到他，就认出了他。 He had hardly finished the article when the light went out. 他刚写完论文，灯就熄了。 No sooner had she arrived than she went away again.她刚到就又走了。【句型归纳】【考点l】It is on this arable land that the farmers producefood for the wh
64、ole population of China. 就在这些耕地上，农民们生产了供给全中国人口的粮食。It was from the early 1990s that scientists started to de-velop new techniques to increase agricultural productionwithout harming the environment. 90年代初，科学家开始了新的技术，在不损害环境的基础上增加农业产量。该两句中的it用于强调句型。it可以用来改变句子的结构，使句子的某些成分受到强调。强调的基本句型结构为：It is / was + 被强调
65、部分+ that + 句子的剩余成分。强调句型可分别强调主语、宾语、地点状语、时间状语等。例如：It was at Christmas that Jack gave Jane a beautiful redrose. 就是在圣诞节。杰克送给简一朵漂亮的红玫瑰。注意：1. 强调人时，that可以换成who。2. 当被强涮部分较复杂时，特别记住不能漏写了that。 例如： It was not until he came back at midnight that I left. 直到他半夜回来，我才离开。3. 强调句型用于疑问句时，注意语序。例如： When and where was it t
66、hat Liu xiang broke the Olympic record? 到底在何时何地。刘翔打破了奥运 会记录呢?【考例】(2003上海) It is these poisonous products _ can cause the symptoms of the flue, such asheadache and aching muscles. A. who B. that C. how D. what考查目标 强调句型。答案与解析B 根据以上的解释本句强调主语，又指物，所以用that。【考点2】What do you think is the most important thin
67、gin yourjob7你认为在你工作当中最重要的是什么?该句中宾语从句的引导词what位于句首，构成一种特殊句式。在由 do you think / believe / suppose / expect/ imagine 等词引导宾语从旬时，需要把宾语从句的引导阋位于句首，构成一种特殊的疑问句“疑问词 + doyou think / believe / suppose / expect / imagine + 宾语从句剩余成分”。例如：When do you suppose he came back to his motherland?你认为他什么时候回到祖国的?Which team do
68、you think will Will the World Cup?你认为哪一个队将赢得l什界杯?【考例2】(NMET】991)- We havent heard from Jane for a long time- What do you suppose _ to her? A. was happening B. to happen C. has happened D. having happened考查目标疑问词 + do you think / suppose / believe+宾语从句剩余成分”。答案与解析C 根据以上的解释，需要填what的谓语动词，所以用has happened。
69、【考点3】Dating back to the Qin Dynasty (221207BC),the traditional crosstalk shows, or xiangsheng shows,have made people all over China roar with laughter forcenturies. 传统的相声表演可以追溯到秦朝(公元前221207年)，已经使中国人笑了千百年了。该句中的“dating back to.”在句中作定语，相当于定语从句which dated back to或which dated from。v-ing在句中可以作定语。注意它们在句子中与
70、所修饰的名词的逻辑关系。如果表示主动关系，用v-ing；表示被动关系，则用being done。例如：Do you see the girl dancing with your brother? (定语)你看到那个正在与你弟弟跳舞的姑娘了吗?The building being built now is our lab. (定语)正在修建的大楼是我们的实验室。【考例3】(2000上海)Will those _ the childrenfrom abroad come the headmasters office? A. teaching B. teach C. who teaches D. w
71、ho teaching考查目标v-ing作定语。答案与解析A 根据以上解释，用非谓语动词。teach与those关系是主动关系，所以用teaching。【考点4】Its their clothes, makeup and the way they talkthat makes people. 逗人笑的是他们的衣着，装扮和走路的姿势。该句中的 they talk 作 the way 的定语从句。the way充当先行词时，一定要注意“顾后”，即the way在定语从句中所作的成分。如果 way 是作宾语或表语，关系词要用that或which；如果way作状语，关系词要用that，in which
72、或不填。例如：This is the only way that you can find. 这是你能找到的惟一的方法。She is fond of the way the famous Japanese actorsmokes. 她喜欢那位日本男影星抽烟的姿势。I dont like the way that (in which) he speaks to hismother. 我不喜欢他对他妈妈说话的方式。【考例4】(2004湖北) What surprised me was not whathc said but _ he said it. A. the way B. in the wa
73、y that C. in the way D. the way which考查目标定语从句与并列连词“not.but.”。答案与解析A notbut连接两个表语成分；theway引导定语从句，而且在从句中作状语，选theway。牛刀小试31. I cant understand the way _ you worked out the math problem. A. in which B. with which C. how D. which2. It was _ back home after the experiment. (2004湖北) A. not until midnight d
74、id he go B. until midnight that he didnt go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go3. Why!I have nothing to confess. _ you want me to say?(2004上海) A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that4. Reading is an experience quite different from w
75、atching TV; there are pictures _ in mind instead 0f before your eyes. (2004广西) A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed 【交际速成】【考点1】Giving advice and making decisions 提建议 (劝告) 和作决定(2005 浙江二模)- Since you cant find a better job，why dont you stick to the present one?- Well, _. A. I believe not B.
76、I dont care C. Never mind D. I might as weIl答案与解析D 本题考查对提出劝告的应答用语。“I might as well (stick to the present one)”表示“那我还是坚持做目前的工作”。may / might as well do不妨做，无妨做(比had better更委婉)。【归纳】英语中表示劝告和作决定的用语有： Youd better go to see the doctor. You should listen to and read English every day. You need to buy a Chine
77、se-English dictionary. Dont rush / hurry / push. Please stand in line. If I were you, Id phone him now. In my opinion you should. The other idea sounds better to me. As far as I can see the best thing would be to. Wouldnt it be better if.? I think he is right. We cant do both, so. We have to make a
78、choice.【考点2】Expressing intentions and plans 表达打算和计划 (2005武汉模拟)- Hi, I hear youre going to the World Park this week end.- _, I was going to, but l changed my plan. A. Actually B. Finally C. Usually D. Normally答案与解析A 本题考查谈论计划的交际用语。根据语境，答语意为“实际上，我本来打算要去的，但是我改变了计划”。【归纳】英语中表示打算和计划的常见用语有：(询问某人的打算和计划) Are
79、you going to leave for Singapore? Do you mean / plan to apply for the position? Have you decided to support him? What do you mean / intend to do? What are you doing this evening? Will you be there? What are you going to do?(说明自己的打算和计划) I will. Im going to. I intend to. I hope to. I plan / want to. I
80、 wish to. Ive decided (not) to. I hope not to. Im thinking of.牛刀小试41. - I think the company may not offer you a good pay.- _, I wont take the job. A. That is to say B. What is more C. In other words D. In that case2. - When are you leaving for London?- My plan _ at three tomorrow afternoon. A. is ta
81、king off B. is about to take off C. takes off D. will take off3. - I hear that Bai Shan cant afford his schooling this fall.- _, lets do something for him. A. If so B. Where possible C. When necessary D. What a shame4. - Im going downtown.- Come on. _. A. Youre welcome B. Ill give you a liftC. Dont
82、do that D. Come with me 精典题例( )1. _ straight on and youll see a church. You wont missing it. (2004湖北) A. Go B. Going C. If you go D. Wheng going 【解析】选A “祈使句 + and + 陈述句”的句式相当于含有if条件句的复合句。( )2. _ the programme，they have to stay there for another two weeks. (2004 广东) A. Not completing B. Not completed
83、 C. Not having completed D. Having not completed 【解析】选C not having completed是分词的完成式的否定结构，在句中表原因。( )3. The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to _. (2003北京春季) A. make it out B. make it off C. make it uD D. make it over 【解析】选A make out意为“理解”。( )4. It is said in Australia t
84、here is more land than the govemment knows _. (NMET 2003) A. it what to do with B. what to do it with C. what to do with it D. to do what with it 【解析】选C what + 不定式在句中做know的宾语。( )5. Americans eat _ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910. (2002上海) A. more than twice B. astwice asmany C. twice
85、 asmany as D. more than twice as many【解析】选(：本题考查倍数的表达法。( ) 6. - Do you like _ here? - Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice. (2004 全国II) A. this B. these C. that D. it 【解析】选D此题考查代词的用法联系下文可知it此处是“不定指代”( ) 7. Tony is going camping with _ boys. A. little two other B. two
86、 little other C. two other little D. little other two 【解析】选C 本题考查多个形容词修饰一个名词的用法。( ) 8. There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, _ five are mine. (2004 全国)A. on which B. in whichC. of which D. from which 【解析】选c此句考查非限制性定语从句，且什么当中的几个要用of。( ) 9. They had a pleasant chat _ a cup of coffee. (2003 北京) A. for B. with C. during D. over【解析】选D。 over在此意为“一边，一边”( )10. The conference had been held to discuss the effects of tourism _ the wildlife in the area. (2003 上海) A. in B. on C. at D. with【解析】选B此题考查固定搭配“have effects on sth.”。共24页第24页