1、高考英语上海卷模拟试卷（一）考生注意： 1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。3.全卷共16页，含6大题，76小题。第卷（共90分）.Listening Comprehension（25分）Section A（每题1分，共10分）Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Th
2、e conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Fire ban. B. No litter.C. Blocked road. D. Keep off the gras
3、s.2. A. 10:50 p.m. B. 10:55 p.m. C. 11:05 p.m. D. 11:15 p.m.3. A. She met with Thomas just a few days ago.B. She can help with the orientation program.C. She is not sure she can pass on the message.D. She will certainly try to contact Thomas.4 A. She will help the man with his study.B. She is not go
4、od at calculus herself.C. The mans report failed to reach the standard.D. The man should take measures to improve his study.5. A. He has managed to sell a number of cars.B. He is contented with his current position.C. He might get fired.D. He has lost his job.6. A. He was fined for running a red lig
5、ht.B. He was caught speeding on a fast lane.C. He had to run quickly to get the ticket.D. He made a wrong turn at the intersection.7. A. She is tired of attending parties. B. She forgot to attend the party last night.C. People treat her as a party animal. D. People enjoy her company at parties.8. A.
6、 She doesnt like mooncakes.B. She has tasted many kinds of mooncakes.C. Eating too many mooncakes may cause weight gain.D. The man should eat less because he is overweight.9. A. He thinks Emma should take a business class.B. He got angry with Emma at the meeting.C. He admires Emma for expressing her
7、 opinion.D. He didnt understand what Emma said.10. A. The increase in fees has not been announced.B. The man has decided to move out of the dorm.C. The dorms will be cheaper than off-campus housing.D. The woman is pleased she wont have to pay the higher fees.Section B（每题1.5分，共15分）Directions: In Sect
8、ion B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possibl
9、e answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Christmas trees. B. Santa Clause costumes.C. Polar bear toys. D. Drinks and food.12. A. Port explosion. B. Coronavirus pandemic.C. Economic
10、 crisis. D. Lack of seasonal goods.13. A. Optimistic. B. Worried. C. Indifferent. D. Curious.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Low audio quality. B. High prices.C. Poor portability. D. Strict storage requirements.15. A. Tech giants. B. Music celebrities.C. Record comp
11、anies. D. Tape manufacturers.16. A. Because they want to save the old technology from dying.B. Because they miss the 1990s when cassette tapes were most popular.C. Because they grow tired of downloading music through webs and apps.D. Because they take delight in buying cassette tapes as collection.Q
12、uestions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. Candles. B. Lanterns. C. Costumes. D. Toys.18. A. Because she doesnt like the smell of pumpkins.B. Because she has no idea how to make one.C. Because she is afraid of getting her hands dirty.D. Because she has already bought one fo
13、r herself.19. A. They get dressed up. B. They knock on their neighbors door.C. They play the game of “Trick or Treat”. D. They throw candies at each other.20. A. Dress up as a female vampire.B. Role play Mr. and Mrs. vampire with her.C. Choose a wolf man costume.D. Find a costume with big teeth and
14、hairy nose. Grammar and Vocabulary（每题1分，共20分）Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, used one wo
15、rd that best fits each blank.Muttons Not Just a Winter Delicacy AnymoreWinter is often deemed the best season to eat mutton, but that is not the case in Shanghai.The annual mutton festival began today in Zhuanghang Town, Fengxian District, _1_ highlight of the citys summer rural tourism market.Runni
16、ng until August 22, the festival features tasting and cooking events _2_ agriculture-related activities.The history of eating mutton in sanfu, _3_ (hot) period of summer, in Zhuanghang dates back to the Yuan Dynasty (1279-1368). The Zhuanghang goat is both delicious and nutritious.Mutton braised in
17、soy sauce and plain boiled mutton are popular in Zhuanghang during the festival. A must-have accompaniment to mutton is shaojiu (a Chinese rice spirit); the tradition of tasting mutton with shaojiu is listed as an intangible cultural heritage of Shanghai.Mutton has a reputation for its tender taste,
18、 marbled texture, rich flavors and thick soup. According to the principles of traditional Chinese medicine, goat meat, like beef and lamb, is considered a “hot” food and thus _4_ (avoid) or taken in smaller quantities on hot sweltering days of summer.But for hundreds of years, the people of Zhuangha
19、ng town in Fengxian district _5_ (eat) goat meat during the summer. They eat locally produced goat meat _6_ they sip homemade shaojiu or huangjiu (yellow rice wine). This hearty mix of alcohol and goat meat promotes sweating, _7_ some traditional medicine practitioners believe helps the body expel t
20、oxins and prevent illnesses in the forthcoming winter. Goat meat is also believed to be an excellent way of building up “energy” in the body that will last through the winter season. Thats why eateries in Zhuanghang are usually packed with diners during summer.Li Yingchun, boss of a local goat meat
21、restaurant in Zhuanghang, claims that his restaurant receives 8,000 to 10,000 customers on average every weekday. The number _8_ reach as high as 12,000 on weekends, according to a daily report.The Fengxian District Culture and Tourism Bureau said it is with the help of the traditional festival whic
22、h caters to the travel, dining, entertaining and leisure demand of tourists _9_ rural revitalization will be achieved._10_ Zhuanghang, Zhangze Town in Songjiang District also has the tradition of eating mutton in sanfu. Its own mutton festival kicks off on Saturday and runs until October.【答案】1. a 2.
23、 as well as 3. the hottest 4. to be avoided 5. have been eating 6. as 7. which 8. can 9. that 10. Besides【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。冬天通常被认为是吃羊肉的最佳季节，但在上海并非如此，羊肉不再只是冬天的美味了，在奉贤区庄行镇最热的三伏天也可以吃到美味的羊肉。奉贤区文化旅游局表示，通过传统节日满足游客旅游、餐饮、娱乐、休闲的需求，实现乡村振兴。【1题详解】考查不定冠词。句意：一年一度的羊肉节今天在奉贤区庄行镇开幕，这是该市夏季乡村旅游市场的一个亮点。此处表示“一个”亮点，且highli
24、ght是以辅音音素开头的词，前面加a表示“一”。故答案为a。【2题详解】考查固定短语。句意：该庆典将持续到22日，届时将举行品尝和烹饪活动以及与农业相关的活动。固定短语：as well as的意思是“也，还有，和一样”，此处表示“还有”农业相关的活动。故答案为as well as。【3题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：庄行夏季最热的三伏吃羊肉的历史可以追溯到元朝(1279-1368)。此处指夏天“最热的”时候，所以用形容词最高级。故答案为the hottest。【4题详解】考查不定式。句意：根据中医原理，山羊肉和牛肉、羊肉一样，被认为是“热”食物，因此在炎热的夏天要避免或少吃。句子主语goat
25、meat和谓语动词avoid之间是被动关系，此处不定式的被动结构表示将来。故答案为to be avoided。【5题详解】考查时态。句意：但是几百年来，奉贤区庄行镇的人们在夏天都吃山羊肉。根据时间状语for hundreds of years,可知句子表示过去发生的事情一直持续到现在并且仍然在继续的事情，所以句子用现在完成进行时，句子主语是the people，复数形式。故答案为have been eating。【6题详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：他们一边吃着本地出产的山羊肉，一边喝着自制的绍酒或黄酒。此处是as引导的时间状语从句，as的意思是“一边，一边；随着”。故答案为as。【7题详解】考
26、查非限制性定语从句。句意：这种酒精和山羊肉的丰盛组合能促进出汗，一些传统医学从业者认为，这有助于身体排出毒素，在即将到来的冬天预防疾病。前面整个句子作先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，定语从句由关系代词which引导。故答案为which。【8题详解】考查情态动词。句意：据一份日报报道，周末这一数字可能高达1.2万。此处表示对客观事实的一种推测，所以用情态动词can。故答案为can。【9题详解】考查强调句型。句意：奉贤区文化旅游局表示，通过传统节日满足游客旅游、餐饮、娱乐、休闲的需求，实现乡村振兴。强调句型：It is/was+强调部分+that+其他，如果强调部分是人，也可用who代替
27、that。故答案为that。【10题详解】考查介词。句意：除了庄行，松江区漳泽镇也有吃羊肉的传统。此处besides是介词，意思是“除之外，还有”。故答案为Besides。Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one more word than you need.A. magic B. alternative C. flawlessly D. housed E.
28、detective F. prematureG. supply H. works I. packed J. acceptable K. completelyNASA Begins High-Stakes Repair to Hubble Space TelescopeNASA engineers are trying to carry out repairs on the Hubble Space Telescope, which stopped working on June 13 as a result of a problem with the payload computer on b
29、oard.After a month of trying, engineers with the space agency were unable to restart the computer, so the Hubble team will switch to a(n) _11_ power unit on Thursday. If successful, it will take several days to _12_ return the observatory to normal operations, NASA reported.The Hubble Telescope has
30、shaped our understanding of the cosmos for over 30 years. It proved that almost every galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its heart. It also played a vital role in the discovery of dark matter a mysterious substance that cant be seen.The payload computer is used to control and coordinate Hubbles
31、 scientific instruments. The computers programs also analyze and manipulate the data it collects.NASA engineers believe the problem is related to the Power Control Unit, or PCU, which ensures a steady voltage _13_ to the payload computer. The PCU is _14_ with the payload computer in the Science Inst
32、rument Command and Data Handling unit. “The teams analysis suggests that either the voltage level from the regulator is outside of _15_ levels, or the secondary protection circuit has degraded over time and is trapped in this inhibit state,” according to the NASA statement.The telescope itself and s
33、cience instruments remain “healthy and in a safe configuration,” the statement confirmed. The Hubble Space Telescope, which orbits 340 miles above Earths surface, hasnt always functioned _16_. A similar repair was performed in 2008, when another part of the PCU failed.A replacement for Hubble is in
34、the _17_. NASAS James Webb Space Telescope is expected to launch later this year. The large, infrared telescope appears to become the next great _18_ in the universe.But its _19_ to give up on Hubble, said Don Lincoln, a senior scientist from NASA. “The instrument has generated scientific data leadi
35、ng to countless papers and also gorgeous images that have transfixed the science-interested public. In that sense, an inoperable Hubble would be a devastating loss,” he wrote in an opinion piece.“The best-case scenario is one in which both are operating, and we must wait for those clever engineers t
36、o work their _20_ to see if that is possible.”【答案】11. B 12. K 13. G 14. D 15. J 16. C 17. H 18. E 19. F 20. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。全文主要讲述了哈勃望远镜的有效载荷计算机停止运行的事件，并详细介绍了哈勃望远镜在过去太空探索方面的重要贡献、故障产生的可能原因及解决办法。【11题详解】考查形容词。句意：经过一个月的尝试，航天局的工程师无法重启电脑，因此哈勃团队于本周四只能寻求利用其他备选的动力装置。分析句子可知，空格处所填词置于名词短语之前作定语，alternative“可选择的
37、”为形容词，符合句意。故选B项。【12题详解】考查副词。句意：如果进展顺利，使观测台重新正常运转会花费几天的时间。分析句子可知，空格所填词应修饰全句，completely“完全地”为副词，符合句意。故选K项。【13题详解】考查名词。句意：美国航天局的工程师认为这次故障与动力控制装置问题与功率控制单元（Power Control Unit，简称PCU）有关，该装置主要确保为有效载荷计算机提供稳定的电压供应。分析句子可知，空格处作前面谓语动词ensures的宾语，supply“供应”为名词，符合句意。故选G项。【14题详解】考查动词。句意：PCU与有效载荷计算机一同被放置在科学仪器控制和数据处理单
38、元中。分析句子可知，空格处与前面的助动词is构成被动语态，housed“为提供场所”为动词,符合句意。故选D项。【15题详解】考查形容词。句意：“研究小组的分析表明，要么是调节器的电压水平超出了可接受水平，要么是二次保护电路随着时间的推移已经退化，陷入了抑制状态，”NASA的声明称。分析句子可知，空格处所填词作后面名词level的定语，acceptable“可接受的”为形容词，符合句意。故选J项。【16题详解】考查副词。句意：哈勃天文望远镜在地球上方340英里环绕运行，并非一直都能无故障地工作。分析句子可知，空格处应修饰动词function，flawlessly“无瑕疵地，完美地”为副词，符合
39、句意。故选C项。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：哈勃望远镜的替代品正在准备阶段。分析句子可知，空格处所填词与前面构成介宾结构，work“工作”，in the work意为：处于准备阶段。符合句意。故选H项。【18题详解】考查名词。句意：这台大型的红外望远镜似乎将成为下一个探索宇宙的大侦探。分析句子可知，空格处应为形容词great修饰的名词，作表语。detective“侦探”为名词，符合句意。故选E项。【19题详解】考查形容词。句意：但美国国家航空航天局的资深科学家唐林肯说，现在放弃哈勃望远镜还为时尚早。分析句子可知，空格处作表语，premature“过早的，早熟的”为形容词，符合句意。故选F项。
40、【20题详解】考查名词。句意：最好的情况是两者都能运行，我们必须等待那些聪明的工程师施展他们的魔法，看看这是否可能。分析句子可知，空格处为to work的宾语，magic“魔法”为名词，符合句意。故选A项。. Reading Comprehension（45分）Section A（每题1分，共15分）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase
41、that best fits the context.Many early approaches to language technology and particularly translation get _21_ in a conceptual dead end: the rules-based approach. In translation, this meant trying to write rules to analyze the text of a sentence in the language of _22_, breaking it down into a sort o
42、f abstract “interlanguage” and rebuilding it according to the rules of the target language. These approaches showed early _23_. But language is full of ambiguities and exceptions, so such systems were hugely complicated and easily _24_ when tested on sentences beyond the simple set they had been des
43、igned for.Nearly all language technologies began to get a lot better with the application of _25_ methods, often called a “brute force” approach. This relies on software scanning vast amounts of data, looking for patterns and learning from precedent. _26_, in parsing language (breaking it down into
44、its grammatical components), the software learns from large bodies of text that have already been parsed by humans. It uses what it has learned to make its best _27_ about a previously unseen text. In machine translation, the software scans millions of words that have already been translated by huma
45、ns, again looking for patterns. In speech reorganization, the software learns from a body of recordings and the transcriptions made by humans.Thanks to the growing power of processors, falling prices for data storage and, most crucially, the explosion in available data, this approach eventually _28_
46、. Mathematical techniques that had been known for decades came into their own, and big companies with _29_ to enormous amounts of data were ready to benefit.The final advance, which began only about five years ago, came with the arrival of deep learning through digital neural networks (DNNS). These
47、are often claimed to have qualities similar to those of the _30_: “neurons” are connected in software, and connections can become stronger or weaker in the process of learning. _31_, Nils Lenke, head of research for a language technology company, explains matter-of-factly that “DNNs are just another
48、 kind of mathematical model,” the _32_ of which had already been understood for decades. What changed was the hardware being used.Almost by chance, DNN researchers discovered that the graphical processing units (GPUs) _33_ to produce graphics in applications like video games were also brilliant at h
49、andling neural networks. The technique has already produced big leaps in quality for all kinds of deep learning, including decoding handwriting, recognizing faces and classifying images. Now they are helping to improve all manner of language technologies, often bringing enhancements of up to 30%. Th
50、at has shifted language technologies from being _34_ in a pinch to being really rather good. But so far no one has quite _35_ what will move it forward from being merely good to reliably great.21. A. buriedB. engagedC. absorbedD. stuck22. A. essenceB. persuasionC. originD. practice23. A. considerati
51、onB. thoughtC. promiseD. exposure24. A. laid offB. lagged behindC. broke downD. died out25. A. experimentalB. statisticalC. financialD. instructional26. A. Whats moreB. In other wordsC. For exampleD. By contrast27. A. senseB. dealC. effortD. guess28. A. came into beingB. bore fruitC. took effectD. c
52、aught up29. A. permissionB. licenseC. accessD. reference30 A. human brainB. information technologyC. computer programmingD. artificial intelligence31. A. ThereforeB. HoweverC. LikewiseD. Indeed32. A. meaningB. qualityC. purposeD. basis33. A. adaptedB. usedC. claimedD. suited34. A. changeableB. liabl
53、eC. desirableD. usable35. A. put outB. worked outC. watched outD. pointed out【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了语言技术通过不断的发展变得越来越优秀。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多语言技术的早期方法尤其是翻译陷入了一个概念上的死胡同：基于规则的方法。A. buried埋葬；B. engaged卷入；C. abs
54、orbed吸收；D. stuck钉住。get stuck被困住。根据“in a conceptual dead end”可知，早期的语言技术陷入了概念上的死胡同。故选D。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在翻译中，这意味着试图编写规则来分析原文中的句子，将其分解为一种抽象的“中介语”，并根据译入语的规则重新构建。A. essence本质；B. persuasion说服；C. origin起源；D. practice练习。根据“and rebuilding it according to the rules of the target language.”可知，这里指基于规则的方法，首先来分
55、析原文中的句子。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些方法显示出了早期的前途。A. consideration考虑；B. thought想法；C. promise前途；有希望；D. exposure暴露。根据“But language is full of ambiguities and exceptions, so such systems were hugely complicated and easily _4_ when tested on sentences beyond the simple set they had been designed for.”可知，基于规则
56、的方法在初期还是有前途的。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但是语言中充满了歧义和异常，所以这样的系统非常复杂，当测试的句子超出了它们设计的简单集合时，很容易崩溃。A. laid off解雇；B. lagged behind落后；C. broke down分解；崩溃；D. died out灭绝。根据“when tested on sentences beyond the simple set they had been designed for.”可知，这里指基于规则的方法的缺陷，使得测试的句子超出了它们设计的简单集合时会容易崩溃。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意
57、：几乎所有的语言技术都开始随着统计方法的应用而变得更好，统计方法通常被称为“蛮力”方法。A. experimental实验的；B. statistical统计的；C. financial金融的；D. instructional指导的。根据“This relies on software scanning vast amounts of data, looking for patterns and learning from precedent.”可知，这里是运用统计方法使得语言技术变得更好。故选B。【26题详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：例如，在解析语言(将其分解成语法成分)时，软件从已经被人类
58、解析过的大量文本中学习。 A. Whats more另外；B. In other words换句话说；C. For example例如；D. By contrast相反。根据“in parsing language (breaking it down into its grammatical components), the software learns from large bodies of text that have already been parsed by humans.”可知，这里是从先例中学习所举的例子。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它利用自己所学到的知识，
59、对之前未见过的文本做出最佳猜测。A. sense感觉；B. deal交易；C. effort努力；D. guess猜。根据“about a previously unseen text.”可知，软件利用自己所学到的知识对未见过的文本进行最佳猜测。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：由于处理器的能力不断增强，数据存储价格不断下降，最重要的是，可用数据的爆炸式增长，这种方法最终取得了成果。A. came into being存在；B. bore fruit结果实；C. took effect生效； 起作用；D. caught up赶上。根据“Thanks to the growing
60、 power of processors, falling prices for data storage and, most crucially, the explosion in available data,”可知，随着发展，统计方法最终取得了丰硕的成果。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几十年来众所周知的数学技术开始发挥自己的作用，能够获取大量数据的大公司随时准备从中受益。A. permission允许；B. license许可证；C. access入口；接触；D. reference参考。根据“Mathematical techniques that had been k
61、nown for decades came into their own,”可知，数学技术的运用，大公司能够获取大量的数据。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些神经元通常被认为具有与人类大脑相似的特性：“神经元”通过软件连接，在学习过程中，这种连接会变得更强或更弱。A. human brain人脑；B. information technology信息技术；C. computer programming计算机程序设计；D. artificial intelligence人工智能。根据“neurons” are connected in software, and connecti
62、ons can become stronger or weaker in the process of learning.”可知，神经元具有与人类大脑相似的特性。故选A。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，一家语言技术公司的研究主管尼尔斯伦克实事求是地解释说，“DNN只是另一种数学模型”，其基础已经被人们理解了几十年。改变的是使用的硬件。 A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Likewise同样地；D. Indeed的确。根据“Nils Lenke, head of research for a language technology company, exp
63、lains matter-of-factly that “DNNs are just another kind of mathematical model,” the _12_ of which had already been understood for decades.”可知，前后句之间为转折关系。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，一家语言技术公司的研究主管尼尔斯伦克实事求是地解释说，“DNN只是另一种数学模型”，其基础已经被人们理解了几十年。改变的是使用的硬件。A. meaning意义；B. quality质量；C. purpose目的；D. basis基础。根据“D
64、NNs are just another kind of mathematical model,”可知，这里指的是DNN这种数学模型的基础。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几乎是偶然的是，DNN的研究人员发现，用于在视频游戏等应用程序中生成图形的图形处理单元(GPU)在处理神经网络方面也很出色。A. adapted适应；B. used使用；C. claimed宣称；D. suited适合。根据“the graphical processing units (GPUs)”可知，这里指图形处理单元(GPU)在视频游戏等应用程序中的使用。故选B。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：
65、这使得语言技术从必要时可用转变为相当好的。A. changeable易变的；B. liable有义务的；C. desirable有吸引力的；D. usable可用的。这里指语言技术从可用的变得相当好。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但到目前为止，还没有人完全弄清楚，是什么让它从“仅仅好”变成“可靠的伟大”。A. put out扑灭；B. worked out锻炼；可以解决；想出；C. watched out当心；D. pointed out指出。根据“what will move it forward from being merely good to reliably gr
66、eat.”可知，没有人弄清楚语言技术发展得如此的迅速。故选B。Section B（每题2分，共22分）Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in
67、the passage you have just read.(A)I recently had the unique honor of returning to my university, as a guest lecturer, to talk about opinion and fact in news media and how to tell the two apart. During my class, I quizzed the students using 10 statements which they had to decide were either opinion o
68、r fact. Some students did a good job while others failed.A Pew Research poll conducted among Americans in 2018 showed that only 26 percent of adults could identify the five factual statements, and only 35 percent could identify the five opinion statements.This is possibly because, according to a rec
69、ent report by the RAND Corporation a non-profit, non-partisan think-tank based on Los Angeles “US-based journalism has gradually shifted away from objective news and offers more opinion-based content that appeals to emotion and relies heavily on argumentation and advocacy.”Their study looked at US n
70、ews reporting over a 28-year period and found that “journalism in the US has become more subjective and consists less of the detailed event or context-based reporting that used to characterize news coverage,” according to Jennifer Kavanagh, a senior political scientist and lead author of the report.
71、This will probably come as a surprise to no one, or at least no one outside the United States where subjective and emotive reporting has clearly hampered the populations ability to separate fact and opinion and deal with each with a healthy amount of skepticism.So, what is opinion?Opinion is someone
72、s subjective belief or view that cannot be proven as fact. Opinion will often feature adjectives like amazing, perfect, unbeatable, dreadful, grotesque, embarrassing.As an opinion writer myself, youll often see those kinds of words here in my column, but since my weekly rants are clearly not news re
73、ports, you know to take whatever I say just as an opinion and form your own opinion if you so desire.Heres an example of an opinion-based statement: “Wes Anderson is an amazing filmmaker.” Theres no way of proving that statement as fact, because its subjective.What is fact?Fact is an objective state
74、ment or account of something real which can be proven. Factual accounts should not include adjectives like amazing, perfect, unbeatable, dreadful, grotesque or embarrassing. Heres an example: “Wes Anderson won the Silver Bear for Best Director in 2018.”Sound easy? Well, it really is, apart from the
75、fact that news media in-the United States often purposefully or subconsciously mix opinion and fact, effectively blurring the line between the two so much that now many Americans cant tell the difference.Spotting deceptionYou can improve your news reading skills by keeping an eye out for the common
76、markers of opinion in news reporting. The easiest is to look for adjectives, which are usually always markers of opinion and will sometimes be hidden inside news reporting to nefariously affect the readers understanding.Heres a quick example using a headline: “Impressive crowd of 10,000 turn out for
77、 march.” Can you see the adjective in that headline? The word “impressive” is the writers own opinion mixed in with a factual statement about the number of people who turned out for a march. By using that adjective, the writer is pushing you to see the march as a success and to feel that the cause b
78、ehind the march has a lot of public support. That isnt necessarily the case, and similarly a writer with another opinion could pen this headline: “Only 10,000 turn out for march.” See the difference?Improve your news eyeI hope this short foray into a tiny aspect of news media has helped a little and
79、 that now youre just a little bit more apt at separating fact from, well, fiction. In todays world, that skill is more important than ever.36. Which of the following statements about US-based journalism is true?A. It is characterized by the detailed event or context-based reporting.B. It fails to ap
80、peal to peoples emotion when reporting news events.C. It results in peoples inability to distinguish facts from opinions.D. It helps to cultivate a healthy amount of skepticism in people.37. What is a good way to spot deception when one is trying to separate fact and opinion?A. Turning to opinion wr
81、iters for help.B. Looking for specific adjectives.C. Reading as much news as possible.D. Figuring out the hidden meaning.38. Which of the following statements are facts?Increasing the federal minimum wage to US$15 an hour is essential for the health of the US economy.Health care costs per person in
82、the US are the highest in the developed world.Immigrants who are in the US illegally have some rights under the Constitution.Democracy is the greatest form of government.Immigrants who are in the US illegally are a very big problem for the country today.President Barack Obama was born in the United
83、States.A. B. C. D. 39. What is the writers purpose in writing the passage?A. To attract more readers for his column.B. To call for joint efforts by news agencies to cooperate.C. To warn the danger of lack of news reading skills.D. To provide advice on how to distinguish facts from opinions.【答案】36. C
84、 37. B 38. C 39. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国人很少能区分观点和事实的现状以及阐述了两者的定义区别并提供了方法。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“only 26 percent of adults could identify the five factual statements, and only 35 percent could identify the five opinion statements.（只有26%的成年人能识别这五种事实陈述，只有35%的人能识别这五种观点陈述。）”以及第三段“This is possibly because,
85、according to a recent report by the RAND Corporation a non-profit, non-partisan think-tank based on Los Angeles “US-based journalism has gradually shifted away from objective news and offers more opinion-based content that appeals to emotion and relies heavily on argumentation and advocacy.”（这可能是因为，
86、根据总部位于洛杉矶的非营利性、无党派智库兰德公司最近的一份报告，“美国的新闻已逐渐远离客观新闻，提供更多诉诸情感、严重依赖论证和倡导的基于意见的内容。”）” 可知，是美国新闻业造成人们无法区分事实和观点这一现状。故选C。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据Spotting deception下的“The easiest is to look for adjectives, which are usually always markers of opinion and will sometimes be hidden inside news reporting to nefariously affec
87、t the readers understanding.（最简单的方法是寻找形容词，它们通常是观点的标记，有时会隐藏在新闻报道中，恶意地影响读者的理解。）”可知，当一个人试图区分事实和观点时，可以通过寻找具体的形容词来识别欺骗。故选B。【38题详解】推理判断题。根据What is fact?下的“Fact is an objective statement or account of something real which can be proven. Factual accounts should not include adjectives like amazing, perfect,
88、unbeatable, dreadful, grotesque or embarrassing.（事实是可以被证明的对真实事物的客观陈述或描述。事实描述不应该包括像惊人的、完美的、不可战胜的、可怕的、怪诞的或尴尬的形容词。）”中有形容词is essential for，中有形容词greatest，中有very big，这些选项都表达的是个人观点。故选C。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“I hope this short foray into a tiny aspect of news media has helped a little and that now youre just a
89、 little bit more apt at separating fact from, well, fiction. In todays world, that skill is more important than ever.（我希望这篇对新闻媒体的小小探索能有所帮助，希望你现在能更善于区分事实和虚构。在当今世界，这项技能比以往任何时候都重要。）”及全文可推断，作者写此文的目的是如何区分事实与意见提供建议。故选D。(B) What are geysers?Geysers are types of hot springs which periodically shoot a column
90、 of steaming water high into the air. They occur in areas of volcanic activity where hot lava is found close to the Earths surface. The name comes from the Icelandic verb geysa, to gush. How do geysers work?Geysers only form under very specific conditions. There must be ample groundwater; an undergr
91、ound heat source; and a plumbing system made up of reservoirs and vertical passages or pipes through which heated water travels on its way to the Earths surface.Cool water on the Earths surface trickles down through porous (多孔渗水的) rock. As it approaches the heat source (hot rocks or a magma chamber)
92、 it is heated to extremely high temperatures and starts to rise through a pipe. The water would usually turn to steam but its depth, plus the weight of cooler water above it, creates what is called a confining pressure that prevents the superheated water from boiling and turning to steam. As the wat
93、er rises this pressure lessens and steam finally forms and is trapped in the reservoir. Over time the pressure in the reservoir continues to build until the steam forces the water upwards through the passage to the surface of the Earth, where it erupts through a vent in a spectacular column of steam
94、ing water. Where are geysers found?Geysers are rare, with only around 1,000 active worldwide. They occur in the United States (US), Russia, Chile, New Zealand and Iceland. Some erupt almost predictably in cycles of minutes, hours or days, and some have years between eruptions. The tallest active gey
95、ser in the world is Steamboat Geyser in Yellowstone National Park (US) which can shoot water more than 90 metres into the air. Unfortunately, it has only done so five times from 2003 to 2013.40. The diagram helps to _.A. give more detailed explanations of the terms in the textB. provide additional i
96、nformation through a graphicC. illustrate why geysers are unpredictableD. show the information in the text in a graphic form41. What is the correct order of events as they occur in the formation of a geyser eruption?magma heats watersteam pressure lifts waterwater collects in a reservoirgroundwater
97、penetrates rockwater rises in a pipeA. B. C. D. 42. Where does the passage probably come from?A. A science fiction.B. A research plan.C. An encyclopedia.D. A travel journal.【答案】40 D 41. D 42. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章利用图表介绍间接泉的喷发原理。【40题详解】细节理解题。结合课文，再通过图表上的内容可知，图表有助于以图形的形式显示文本中的信息。故选D。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中
98、“Cool water on the Earths surface trickles down through porous (多孔渗水的) rock. As it approaches the heat source (hot rocks or a magma chamber) it is heated to extremely high temperatures and starts to rise through a pipe. （地球表面的冷水通过多孔的岩石涓涓而下。当它接近热源(热岩石或岩浆库)时，它被加热到极高的温度，并开始通过“管道”上升）和As the water rises
99、this pressure lessens and steam finally forms and is trapped in the reservoir. Over time the pressure in the reservoir continues to build until the steam forces the water upwards through the passage to the surface of the Earth, where it erupts through a vent in a spectacular column of steaming water
100、.（当水上升时，压力减小，水蒸气最终形成并被困在水库中。随着时间的推移，水库中的压力持续增加，直到蒸汽迫使水通过通道上升到地球表面，在那里，水通过一个壮观的蒸汽柱喷发出来）”由此可知，间歇泉喷发形成时，正确的事件顺序是地下水渗透岩石、岩浆加热水、水在管子里上升、水积聚在水库中，最后蒸汽压力使水升高。故选D。【42题详解】推理判断题。本文介绍间接泉的喷发原理，可知，文章不可能来自科幻小说，一个研究计划，也不可能来自一篇旅游日志，它最有可能来自一本百科全书。故选C。(C)Of all the journalism specialties, science writing may well be t
101、he most challenging. Science writers cover fields undergoing some of the most rapid advances in history, from stunning advances in genetics and biotechnology to exotic discoveries in astrophysics. A science writers week may include coverage of new discoveries about viruses, the brain, evolution, art
102、ificial intelligence, planets around other suns, and global climate change and its environmental impact, to name only a few topics.Writing anything thats any good is hard work, but science writers labor tinder a particular, and rather peculiar, set of constraints. Science is new only about 400 years
103、 old, as a going concern and prodigious, having transformed our conception of the universe and of our place in it. But precisely because its impact has been so rapid and so monumental, science has not yet been absorbed into our common consciousness. Readers come to the printed page already knowing s
104、omething about crime and punishment, love and loss, triumph and tragedy but not, necessarily, about the roles played by theory and observation in identifying a virus or tracing the curvature of intergalactic space. Hence science writers have to keep explaining things, from the significance of scient
105、ific facts to the methods by which they are adduced, while simultaneously holding the readers attention and moving the story along. Its as if business reporters had to constantly explain what is meant by “turning a profit”, or sportswriters by “scoring a touchdown”.Unsurprisingly, we science writers
106、 are often misunderstood. People tend to assume that we write computer software manuals or those buckram-bound engineering textbooks assigned to students in technical studies. Fellow authors dismiss us as translators. Editors may think us narrow. A quarter-century ago, when I was struggling to move
107、away from writing about politics and rock music in order to concentrate on astronomy, the editor of a major magazine pressed me to do an article, called “The Bionic Man”, on artificial body parts. When I declined, he became impatient.“Well, what do you want to write about?” he asked, throwing up his
108、 hands, like a motorist cut off in traffic.“Astronomy,” I replied.“Youve already written about astronomy!”“Yes, but I like it. It was my original interest in life.”“Arent you afraid of becoming some sort of Johnny One Note?”“Well, not really. You know, whats out there is something like ninety-nine,
109、then a decimal point, then twenty-eight more nines per cent of everything. Covering nearly everything doesnt seem all that limiting. And it leads to lots of other things.”Ive been on the wrong side of arguments with editors more often than it is comfortable to recall, but on this occasion I turned o
110、ut to have been right. Astronomy did lead to everything else. It led me into other sciences of course among them physics, chemistry, and biology and also, by many winding paths, to poetry, literature, history, philosophy, art, music, and into conversation with some of the smartest and most creative
111、people in the world.43. According to the writer, what is the main difficulty facing science writers?A. Finding new science topics.B. Meeting the readers expectations of science.C. Overcoming the readers unfamiliarity with science.D. Keeping up with the rapid developments in science.44. Why did the w
112、riter refuse to write about The Bionic Man?A. He had no expertise in the topic.B. He was not passionate about the topic.C. He did not realize the potential of the topic.D He did not want to write about the same topic again.45. Which of the following statements about the writer is NOT true?A. He find
113、s it difficult to get recognition from others as a science writer.B. He feels quite comfortable with the previous arguments he had with editors.C. A keen interest in astronomy contributes to his exploration of other disciplines.D. Astronomy helps him form a connection with some great minds in the wo
114、rld.46. Which word best describes the tone of the last paragraph?A. indifferenceB. amusementC. frustrationD. satisfaction【答案】43. C 44. B 45. B 46. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了科学写作的挑战性，科技作家面临的困难并以自己切实经历为例。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Readers come to the printed page already knowing something about crime and punishm
115、ent, love and loss, triumph and tragedy but not, necessarily, about the roles played by theory and observation in identifying a virus or tracing the curvature of intergalactic space. Hence science writers have to keep explaining things, from the significance of scientific facts to the methods by whi
116、ch they are adduced, while simultaneously holding the readers attention and moving the story along.（读者在阅读印刷版时，已经对犯罪与惩罚、爱与失去、胜利与悲剧有所了解，但未必了解理论和观察在识别病毒或追踪星系间空间曲率方面所起的作用。因此，科学作家必须不断地解释事情，从科学事实的意义到它们被引见的方法，同时抓住读者的注意力，推动故事的发展。）”可知，作者认为，科技作家面临的主要困难是克服读者对科学的不熟悉。故选C。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“A quarter-century ago,
117、 when I was struggling to move away from writing about politics and rock music in order to concentrate on astronomy, the editor of a major magazine pressed me to do an article, called “The Bionic Man”, on artificial body parts.( 25年前，当我努力摆脱政治和摇滚音乐的写作，转而专注于天文学时，一家主流杂志的编辑强迫我写一篇关于人造身体部位的文章，名为仿生人。)”和倒数第
118、四段“Yes, but I like it. It was my original interest in life.（是的，但我喜欢它。这是我对生活最初的兴趣。）”可推断，作者热爱天文学而对人造身体部位的文章不感兴趣。故选B。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ive been on the wrong side of arguments with editors more often than it is comfortable to recall（在与编辑的争论中，我常常站在错误的一边，回想起来都不舒服）”可知，作者对之前和编辑们的争论感到很不舒服，所以B选择项表述是错误的。故选B。
119、【46题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“It led me into other sciences of course among them physics, chemistry, and biology and also, by many winding paths, to poetry, literature, history, philosophy, art, music, and into conversation with some of the smartest and most creative people in the world.（它引导我进入了其他的科学领域，包括物理、化
120、学和生物，也通过许多曲折的途径，进入了诗歌、文学、历史、哲学、艺术、音乐，并与世界上一些最聪明、最有创造力的人进行了交谈。）”可知，作者这次坚定自己的爱好立场给他带来了广阔的视野，是非常正确的决定，从而推断作者对自己的决定感到满意。故选D。Section C（每题2分，共8分）Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two
121、more sentences than you need.Elephants On The MoveOver the past couple weeks, like many, I have been keeping close tabs on the wandering Asian elephants in southwest Yunnan Province._47_ A total of 144 emergency personnel and police have been deployed, as well as 139 dump trucks, 22 bulldozers, 70 e
122、mergency vehicles and 13 drones capable of real-time surveillance. More than 3,400 people from 1,329 households have been relocated, and 1 ton of food has been handed out.To divert the elephants from densely populated towns and cities, local people have erected barriers in some places and installed
123、electronic fences in others. To ensure the fences are safe, workers initially tested them on themselves. Most of the time people resort to more subtle tactics, such as leaving trucks of maize and pineapples in select locations to lead the animals to less- inhabited areas._48_Promoting an ecological
124、civilization has always been high on the governments agenda. Since 1958 when the country set up one of its earliest national nature reserves in Xishuangbanna to protect elephants, more than 10 new reserves have been created, covering 4,253 square kilometers._49_ The elephants used to feed on sugar c
125、ane and maize, which are being replaced by pineapples and dragon fruits planted by local farmers. The change suggests the elephant-human relationship may be positive.Thanks to protective measures, over the past three decades the number of wild Asian elephants in Yunnan has doubled from 150 to 300. D
126、uring the 1990s, they were primarily found in 14 towns, but this number has grown to 55.The gradual expansion of the species over a larger area, while a sign of improving ecology, also fuels the need for more food, which increases instances of encroachment (蚕食) on farmers plants. Local governments a
127、re studying how to compensate farmers who have suffered losses as a result of the migrating pachyderms._50_A. For one thing, the information is a testament to the meticulous (小心翼翼的) efforts local governments have made to ensure safe passage for the migrating mammals.B. In a certain sense, all these
128、facts and figures speak volumes for the heightened ecological awareness and capacities of local governments and people.C. The effectiveness of these efforts can be seen in their dietary changes.D. In a dramatic way, the elephants tour is educational, offering researchers and residents alike an intim
129、ate glimpse of their behavioral patterns.E. As the giants continue their tour, they would be noted by more people, with a strong ecological message about people and elephants living in harmony.F. Thanks to coordinated efforts between local governments, a lot of timely measures have been taken.【答案】47
130、. F 48. B 49. C 50. E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是为了应对云南省西南部流浪的亚洲象的问题政府所采取的措施。【47题详解】空格后说“A total of 144 emergency personnel and police have been deployed, as well as 139 dump trucks, 22 bulldozers, 70 emergency vehicles and 13 drones capable of real-time surveillance. More than 3,400 people from 1,329 hou
131、seholds have been relocated, and 1 ton of food has been handed out”（总共部署了144名应急人员和警察，以及139辆自卸卡车、22辆推土机、70辆应急车辆和13架能够实时监控的无人机。1329个家庭的3400多人被重新安置，并发放了1吨粮食），这是一系列应对流浪的野象的措施，因此F选项Thanks to coordinated efforts between local governments, a lot of timely measures have been taken（在地方政府的共同努力下，及时采取了许多措施）引起下文
132、，切合题意，故选F。【48题详解】第二段提到了很多的数字，如“144，139，22，70，13，3,400，1,329”，第三段说“To divert the elephants from densely populated towns and cities, local people have erected barriers in some places and installed electronic fences in others. To ensure the fences are safe, workers initially tested them on themselves”（
133、为了把大象从人口密集的城镇转移出去，当地人在一些地方竖起了栅栏，在另一些地方安装了电子围栏。为了确保围栏的安全，工人们首先在自己身上进行了测试），这两段都是关于一些措施的，B选项In a certain sense, all these facts and figures speak volumes for the heightened ecological awareness and capacities of local governments and people（从某种意义上讲，这些事实和数据说明，地方政府和人民的生态意识和生态能力在不断提高）中的these facts and fig
134、ures和第二段的数字，第三段的事实相互呼应，因此B选项切合题意，故选B。【49题详解】空格后说“The elephants used to feed on sugar cane and maize, which are being replaced by pineapples and dragon fruits planted by local farmers”（大象过去以甘蔗和玉米为食，现在当地农民种植的菠萝和火龙果取代了它们），因此本段主要讲的是大象饮食的变化，C选项The effectiveness of these efforts can be seen in their dieta
135、ry changes（这些努力的效果可以从他们的饮食变化中看到）中的dietary changes和空格后的“大象的食物由甘蔗和玉米变为菠萝和火龙果”的变化相呼应，因此C选项切合题意，故选C。【50题详解】空格前说“Local governments are studying how to compensate farmers who have suffered losses as a result of the migrating pachyderms”（当地政府正在研究如何补偿因大象迁徙而遭受损失的农民），说明政府在努力想让大象和人和平共处，E选项As the giants continu
136、e their tour, they would be noted by more people, with a strong ecological message about people and elephants living in harmony（随着这些庞然大物继续它们的旅程，它们将会被更多的人注意到，传达出人类和大象和谐相处的强烈生态信息）与本段主题相符合，因此E选项切合题意，故选E。第卷（共50分）. Summary Writing（10分）51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea an
137、d the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Living in the countryside?Rolling hills and endless green pastures those images are easy to conjure when thinking of the peaceful country lifestyle.When lockdowns descended upon many countries across t
138、he world during the pandemic, social media seemed to be dominated by pictures of cottages and village life. So, why is living in the countryside becoming a modem fantasy and are there benefits to considering a slower pace of life?It makes sense that some people would want to give up the crowded and
139、noisy city streets for the perceived tranquility of the traditional country life especially during an event like a pandemic. The lockdowns and extensive periods of working from home have given people time to think about what they want from life. But its not just about having a greener place to look
140、at out your window.There is more evidence that relates to the benefits of rural living. Villages arent normally subject to the stop-go traffic we see in city centres, the buses fighting with taxis for dominance, or metro systems with trains that scream from one station to the next. In short, theres
141、less air pollution in your country retreat a thing which increases the chances of developing respiratory conditions or heart disease. You also get more opportunities to take long walks and see the sights, meaning you can get more exercise. Less noise, more walks and better air can also lead to less
142、stress and an increased life expectancy, according to studies such as one conducted by the British government in 2012.However, there are some things that need to be considered.Weather can be a large drawback when it comes to moving to the countryside. In some parts of the country, the winters bring
143、blizzards and the spring brings torrential rains and flooding.Living .far from the hustle and bustle of the city means that some, people may feel isolated or even lonely. And as people get older, life far from doctors or public transport could become a bit of a challenge.So, if youre considering a c
144、hange of pace and moving to a picturesque village, there is a range of pros and cons to consider before taking the plunge._【答案】One possible version:People find it appealing to live in the countryside during the pandemic. The benefits include less noise, better air, more exercise and better overall h
145、ealth. But you had better think two twice before moving to the countryside. Bad weather, senses of isolation, and having little access to public services are the disadvantages to be considered.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是住在乡下的好处和坏处。【详解】1 要点摘录 It makes sense that some people would want to give up the crow
146、ded and noisy city streets for the perceived tranquility of the traditional country life especially during an event like a pandemic.In short, theres less air pollution in your country retreat a thing which increases the chances of developing respiratory conditions or heart disease. You also get more
147、 opportunities to take long walks and see the sights, meaning you can get more exercise.However, there are some things that need to be considered.Weather can be a large drawback when it comes to moving to the countryside. Living .far from the hustle and bustle of the city means that some, people may
148、 feel isolated or even lonely. And as people get older, life far from doctors or public transport could become a bit of a challenge.2.缜密构思 将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3、4两个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句People find it appealing to live in the countryside during the pandemic. The benefits include less noise, better air, more exe
149、rcise and better overall health.But you had better think two twice before moving to the countryside. Bad weather, senses of isolation, and having little access to public services are the disadvantages to be considered.【点睛】高分句型1 People find it appealing to live in the countryside during the pandemic.
150、运用find it+形容词+to do的高级表达，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式。 高分句型2：Bad weather, senses of isolation, and having little access to public services are the disadvantages to be considered.用动名词作主语和不定式作后者定语，表达非常高级。. Translation（3+3+4+5，共15分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words give
151、n in the brackets.52. 这次的台风与上海擦肩而过。（escape）(汉译英）【答案】Shanghai narrowly escaped the typhoon this time.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查一般过去时和及物动词。该句在描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时；及物动词escape的意思是“逃避，避开”，副词narrowly的意思是“勉强地，刚好”修饰谓语动词。再结合所给汉语，故答案为Shanghai narrowly escaped the typhoon this time.53. 依我看，他很可能把车钥匙忘在办公室了。(likely) (汉译英)【答案】I
152、n my opinion, he is likely to have left his car key in the office.【解析】【详解】考查名词、形容词、动词、时态和非谓语动词。结合原文，分析句子可知，讲述现在的情况，应使用一般现在时态；“依我看”是插入语，可用短语“in my opinion”表示，“他很可能”可用固定句型“sb. be likely to do.”表示，可译为：he is likely to (do).； “把车钥匙忘在办公室了”是已经发生的事情，所以因用不定式的完成形式，可译为： to have left his car key in the office。综
153、上， 全句译为：In my opinion, he is likely to have left his car key in the office.54. 整理抽屉时发现的这张照片让他想起了自己上学时青葱年少、无忧无虑的时光。 （when）(汉译英）【答案】The picture he found while he was tidying up the drawer reminded him of his school days when he was young and care-free.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时间状语从句和定语从句。该句在描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时；表示
154、“整理抽屉时发现的这张照片”用The picture he found while he was tidying up the drawer，The picture是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作宾语，省略了关系代词that或which，且从句中while引导时间状语从句，从句用过去进行时，表示过去正在进行的动作；表示“让他想起了”用reminded him of；表示“上学时青葱年少、无忧无虑的时光”用his school days when he was young and care-free，其中his school days是先行词，后面是when引导的定语从句。故翻译为The pict
155、ure he found while he was tidying up the drawer reminded him of his school days when he was young and care-free.55. 所有直播带货中的失败案例告诉我们一个事实：网络购物虽然火爆，但产品质量和售后服务也必须得到相应保障。（guarantee）(汉译英）【答案】All the failure cases in the live-streaming marketing tell us the fact that although online shopping is popular, p
156、roduct quality and after-sales service must also be guaranteed accordingly.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查短语、时态、状语从句和名词性从句。live-streaming marketing直播带货；tell sb sth.告诉某人某事；online shopping 网络购物； after-sales service 售后服务。名词fact后接同位语从句，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导。although 尽管，引导让步状语从句。陈述客观事实，所以用一般现在时。根据句意，故翻译All the failu
157、re cases in the live-streaming marketing tell us the fact that although online shopping is popular, product quality and after-sales service must also be guaranteed accordingly. Guided Writing（25分）56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below
158、in Chinese.假如你是李敏，刚刚收到你的外地好朋友刘华来信。信中提到他和家人计划在即将到来的公共假期开车来上海自驾游。请你写封回信，建议他们尽量使用公共交通并给出理由。_【答案】One possible version:Dear Liu Hua,Im so glad to hear that your family has planned a visit to Shanghai during the next public holiday! Welcome! However, perhaps driving a car here is not the best choice, comp
159、ared with using public transportations.Im sorry to say that the traffic rules in Shanghai are not friendly at all to cars from other cities. You might be politely refused by a policeman when entering the inner-ring areas; likewise, you might drive on the express way during the wrong time spans, only
160、 to be fined for 200 yuan. I sincerely hope that your trip wont be so frustrating because of transportation and therefore your choice to drive might be reconsidered.On the other hand, the public transportation in Shanghai can meet all your needs. Boasting the longest underground railways in the worl
161、d, the metro service is bound to provide you with a satisfactory travel experience. Besides, it is economical and convenient to take the city buses to tour around. If thats still not enough, shared bikes all over the city can then guarantee you a wonderful feel of freedom. As a local, I cant wait to
162、 join your journey and enjoy all the fantasies of this magic city!Hopefully I can be your tour guide during the holidays and dont forget to inform me about your definite itinerary.The next day, when I walked out of school, trying to get myself a taxi, I was shocked: there was not a single taxi out t
163、here on the road. Soon, I was the only one on the street as the other students had already left with their parents. I waited and waited but no vacant taxi pulled over. It dawned on me why my father was so insistent. He knew how hard it was to get a taxi during rush hour while I was totally ignorant
164、of this. I didnt get home until 8 that evening.I still have different opinions from my parents, though, I often choose to listen to them these days. However, I will keep point of view most of the time. But parents have much more life experience after all, so it is advisable to take advantage of this
165、, especially when they offer to share them with us.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外地好朋友刘华写一封回信，建议他们来上海自驾游尽量使用公共交通并给出理由。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：glad happy需求：need demand到处：all over around难的：hard =difficult2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Boasting the longest underground railways in the world, the metro service is bound to provide you
166、 with a satisfactory travel experience.拓展句：As Shanghai has the longest underground railway in the world, the metro service is bound to provide you with a satisfactory travel experience.【点睛】高分句型1 Im so glad to hear that your family has planned a visit to Shanghai during the next public holiday! (运用了that引导的宾语从句)高分句型2 The next day, when I walked out of school, trying to get myself a taxi, I was shocked: there was not a single taxi out there on the road. (运用了现在分词作状语)