1、第04讲 状语从句1. 掌握常见状语从句的连词意思。2. 特殊连词和时态的关系以及省略句（必修3Unit6）。状语是什么？基本概念：(1)概念：状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词等。(2)句型特点：状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后。放在主句之前时，常用逗号与主句分开；放在主句之后时，不用逗号。2分类及引导词状语从句引导词时间状语从句when, while, as, before, after, until(till), as soon as, since条件状语从句if, unless原因状语从句because, as, since方式状语从句As if， t
2、he way 结果状语从句so. that. , such. that. 目的状语从句so that, in order that让步状语从句though, although, even if, even though, no matter. 比较状语从句than, as. as. 考点一：时间状语从句1）When/while/as活学活用：Louis _ computer games when her brother phoned her.AplaysBis playingChas played Dwas playingI was about to go out _the teacher c
3、ame in . _ years go by，China is getting stronger and richer The son was having a good meal at home，_ the parents were working in the fields. I had hardly closed my eyes_ someone knocked at the door 温馨小贴士：when常考结构： be about to do when /be on the point of doing when be doing when had just donewhen /ha
4、d hardly/scarcelywhen 2）after/before/sinceJane, please turn off the lights _ you leave the classroom.AafterBbeforeCuntilDsince3) until/tillHurry up! The bus is coming.Wait a minute. Dont cross the street _ the traffic lights are green.AuntilBafterCwhile Dsince4) as soon as, the minuteTom will call m
5、e as soon as he _ home.Agets Bhas gotCgot Dwill get4）表示“一就”的从属连词：as soon as ; the minute, the second ,the instant; immediately, directly, instantly; no soonerthan，hardlywhen. Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her ? Yes ,I gave it to her _ I saw her.Awhile B. the moment C. suddenly D.
6、once5）可引导时间状语从句的time 短语： every time ,each time ,(the) next time , (the)last time , the first time, any time 等. I thought her nice and honest _I met her . A. first time B. for the first time C. the first time D. by the first time6）It be since / before /when 句型：“It is/ has been +时间段+since”从句谓语为终止性动词表示
7、“自从以来有多久了”; 但若从句谓词是延缓性动词时，则意为“（多久）不做了”； It is two months since we came here. It has been five years since he smoked.“It will be/was +时间段+before”肯定句：表示“过之后才”; 否定句：表示“没过就”。“It be +时间点+when”表示“当时，时间是”。 注意比较和强调句的不同。练习：It is almost five years _we saw each other last time.A. before B. since C. after D. wh
8、enThat was really a splendid evening . Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much.Awhen B. that C. before D. since例1【单句填空】（用 before, when, since, that 填空）1. It was two years _he realized the truth.2. It will be two years _ the economic situation improves.3. It was two years later _ he realized the truth.4
9、. It is /has been two years _ he lived here.5. It was midnight _ he arrived home.6. It was at midnight _ he arrived home.7. It was not until midnight _ he arrived home.考点二：条件状语从句从属连词有：if ,unless(=if not)，as/so long as , supposing(that)（如果）,provided/providing(that) （如果）,in case(假使)，on condition that(
10、在的条件下)等。例2【单句填空】If you really hold on to your dreams, they _ true one day.AcameBcomesChas come Dwill come_I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.A. Even though B. Unless C. As long as D. While考点三：原因状语从句原因状语 because/since/as now that in thatIs everyone here today?No. Tom is at home _ he
11、 has got a bad cold.AbecauseBifCuntilDunless引导原因状语从句的从属连词有because, as, since, now (that),when(既然), as, seeing (that)(由于),considering (that),given (that)(考虑到)等。温馨提示: for引导的原因状语从句不放在句首。 例3【单句填空】Parents should take seriously their childrens requests for sunglasses_ eye protection is necessary in sunny
12、weather.A. because B .though C. unless D. if_ everybody knows about it ,I dont want to talk any more.A. For B. Even C. Since D. However考点四：地点状语从句引导词：where（在。的地方）或wherever(在。的任何地方）例4【针对练习】The famous scientist grew up _he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.A, when B, whenever C, where D.wherever
13、区别：where引导的定语从句和状语从句Youd better make a mark where you have any questions. _从句Youd better make a mark at the place where you have any questions. _从句考点五：目的状语从句 so that in order that例5【单句填空】The teacher speaks very loudly _ all the students can hear her.Aso thatBbecauseCsince Dwhen 考点六：结果状语从句 sothat. Su
14、chthatPattern shift: That lesson is so difficult that nobody can understand it. 结果状语从句常由so that 或 suchthat引导，掌握这两个句型，首先要了解so 和 such与其后的词的搭配规律。 so + adj./ adv. + that so + adj. + a/an + n. (单) + that so+ many/ much/ few/little(少)+ that such+ a/an+ adj. + n(单)+ that such+ adj. + n.(pl.)/ n.(u)+ that 温
15、馨贴士：当so或such置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装 So loudly did he speak that everyone could hear him.例6【单句填空】Pop music is such an important part of society _ it has even influence our language. A. as B. that C. which D. where His plan was such a good one _ we all agreed to accept it. A. so B. and C. that D. as考点七：让步状语从句拓
16、展：引导让步状语从句的从属连词有although, though, as, while(虽然),even if/though(即使),whetheror(不论不管还是) 以及“疑问词+ever”和 “no matter +疑问词”等。例7【单句填空】1)Though/although _ many children like KFC, I think theyd better try not to eat it too often.ABecauseBWhenCAlthoughDIf2)even if/even thoughCorrection: Even we could afford it,
17、 we wouldnt go abroad.3)no matter.Correction: No matter how you say, I wont change my mind.温馨贴士：as引导让步状语从句时，状语表语及谓语动词的一部分置于as之前，且作表语的单数名词前的冠词要省略。即构成：表语/状语/动词（原）+ as+ 主+谓+其他。1. 形容词 + as + 主语 + 系动词。 Tired as he is, he offers to help me.2. 过去分词 + as + 主语 + 系动词。 Well-written as the book is, the author i
18、s not satisfied and prepared to revise it.3. 名词 + as + 主语 + 系动词。如： Student as he is, he does not study hard. 若表语是单数名词，倒装时要省略冠词。4. 副词 + as + 主语 + 谓语部分。如： Much as I admire his courage, I dont think he acted wisely.5. 动词原形 + as + 主语 + 谓语的一部分（情态动词may, might, will, would等）。 Try as she might, she failed.
19、【考例1】 _, I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John. A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled so muchC. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so much【考例2】 _, Carolina couldnt get the door open.A. Try as she might B. As she might try C. She might as try D. Might she as
20、try考点八：比较状语 than asasWe dont have much homework now and our school bags are _ they used to be.Aas heavy asBnot as heavy asCas heavily as Dnot as heavily as考点九：方式状语从句 as as if the way拓展：省略句（必修3Unit6）状语从句的省略（重点）在when, while, whenever, before， after，till, if, unless, as if, though, than, as等引导时间状语从句，条件
21、状语从句和让步状语从句中，若谓语部分含有be动词，而从句主语又与主句主语相同或从句主语是it时，从句的主语和be动词常被省略。（1） 状语从句含有it is或者主从句主语一致且含有be动词时，省略主语和be动词。（2） 从属连词接现在分词强调与句子主语之间的主动关系，用过去分词强调二者之间被动关系。例1：If (it is) necessary, youd better refer to the dictionary. 如果有必要，你最好查字典。例2：While (I was) walking along the street, I heard my name called. 走在大街上我听到
22、有人叫我名字。例3：The activity is more interesting than (it was) expected. 这个活动比预计的有趣很多。注意特殊的省略结构：if省略结构，常作为插入语来处理。if so 如果这样的话； if not 若非如此 ； if ever 如果曾经有的话if necessary 如果有必要的话； if possible 如果可能的话； if any 如果有的话If possible，let me know beforehand. 如有可能，事先通知我。（4）Get up early tomorrow, if not (you dont get up
23、 early), you will miss the first train.明天早点起床，如果不的话，你将会错过头班车。（5）Whenever (it is) possible, he will come to my help. 他会在任何可能的时候来帮助我。【活学活用】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。1. No child shall be, unless _ (accompany) by an adult, allowed out of the school during the day.2. Anyone, once _(test) positive for novel corona-vi
24、rus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.3. While _(do) my homework at home, I heard my name called.【答案与解析】1. accompanied。动词accompany与句子主语构成逻辑上被动关系，故用过去分词。故答案是accompanied。2. tested。动词test与句子主语构成逻辑上被动关系，故用过去分词。故答案是tested。3.doing。动词do与句子主语构成逻辑上主动关系，故用现在分词。故答案是doing。1.It was not wid
25、ely accepted as a travel conceptthe late 1980s. 2.They kept very much to themselves. In my opinion, where in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust most.3.I also water the flowers in the yard and tidy up my own bedroom whatever necessary.4.I study Italian _ I would be able to read Dante in
26、 the original.A. so thatB. even thoughC. in caseD. as if5.Under the regulation, restaurants and hotels shall stop offering throwaway items_customers request them.A. sinceB. onceC. unlessD. until6._ having a roommate inevitably has its challenges, it can also be a great part of your college experienc
27、e.A. WhileB. WhenC. AsD. If7.I only take on work that excites me it means turning down lots of money.A. as ifB. in caseC. now thatD. even if8.What are you going to do this afternoon?Ill probably go for a walk later onit stays fineA. as far asB. so long asC. even ifD. as if9.Though it is 5 years_ he
28、retired from his work place, the old professor remains active in the academic circles.A whenB. thatC. beforeD. since10. the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp.A. WhileB. UnlessC. SinceD. Until11. _rich one may be. there is always something one wants.
29、A. WhateverB. WheneverC. HoweverD. Wherever12.- I am going to Hainan for my holiday.- OK. Have fun _ you can. The hard times are approaching.A. untilB. beforeC. unlessD. while13.Mary rushed home_ she heard the news, only _ that her husband was gone.A. as soon as; findingB. immediately; to findC. the
30、 moment; findD. when; found14._there is a wide variety of clothes in her wardrobe, the lady still complains about having no suitable clothes to wear.A. Even thoughB. Provided thatC. If onlyD. As if用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空或单句改错。1. If _ (accept) for the job, youll be informed soon.2. Although_ (beat) by the op
31、posite team, we didnt lose heart and encouraged each other. 3.Who should be responsible for the action?The boss is to blame. The employees just carried out the order as _ (tell)4, When _ (expose) to danger and conflict, men tend to increase blood pressure, feeling nervous or anxious.5, The city now
32、is much noisier than it used _ (be)6, I may take a long lunch break tomorrow. If _， I can go to the hairdressers then.7. These flowers will die unless _ (water) every day.8. Though _ (warn) of the danger, Jack still went swimming in the lake. 9. Though _ (lack) in confidence, Tom made every effort a
33、nd his dream came true at last. 10. He stopped and looked around as if _ (see) whether he went in the right direction.11. _ it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.12. Thats our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!13.
34、 After arrived home, it occurred to him that he could make a bag by using his old trousers.14. We cant carry on the experiment unless being given enough financial support.15. She found her lost ring while folded clothes.16. While walked along the paths, you can hear the sweet songs of bird.17. When
35、combining with alcohol, some medicine can have extremely dangerous side effects.复盘：One Saturday morning, when I was listening to my favorite songs, my mother asked me to do my homework first. However, as soon as she left, I turned to my MP3 again. I didnt start to do my homework until I heard somebo
36、dy opening the door. Hardly had I taken out my open when my mother came back. My Mum was very angry, “Every time I go out, you will do other things instead of doing homework. It has been two hours since I left. How much homework had you finished by the time I entered the room? You began to do other
37、things the moment I stepped out of the room, didnt you?”It was half an hour before she stopped scolding me. I hope I will get rid of the bad habits as time goes by. I promise I will not do the same thing when she goes out next time.思考：1. 状语从句有哪几大类？对应的连词是哪些？_2. 分析文章每个句子属于哪一类状语从句？_不同语境中长难句状语从句的使用1. No
38、t only.but also.1） Not only did the race enrich our after-class activities, but also it strengthened our willpower.翻译：_2) 这个专栏不仅拓宽了我的视野，也让我有机会体验不同的文化。仿写：_2. 祈使句+and/or+陈述句1） Book tickets and rooms online in advance, and you will have more time to go sightseeing.翻译：_(2) 来参观展览吧，你将享受一场视觉盛宴。仿写：_3. So.th
39、at.（1） Their popcorn was so delicious that it was sold out soon.翻译：_(2)惊喜是如此甜蜜，她兴奋地摇了摇正假装打鼾的丈夫。仿写：_4. Be doing.when.(1)Mac was wondering what to do next when a hand pulled him into the car.翻译：_(2我们正在找地方搭帐篷，这时妈妈告诉我们她忘了带帐篷。仿写：_5. Not until .（1）Not until after what seemed half a century did we hear the roar of the helicopter.翻译：_(2)直到昨天我才得知我们班这个周末要开一个重要的会议正好是我们见面的时间。仿写：_