1、绝密启用前|1试题命制中心2019-2019学年高二英语人教必修5Unit 2单元检测（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：120分）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThe National
2、GalleryDescription:The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar in London. It houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older co
3、llections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance.Layout:The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th-to15th-century paintings, and artists
4、include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titian and Veronese.The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings and artists include C
5、aravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer.The East Wing houses 18th-to early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh.Opening Hours:The Gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm（Fridays 10am to 9pm）and is free, but
6、 charges apply to some special exhibitions.Getting There:Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2-minute walk). Leicester Square (3-minute walk), Embankment (7-minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus (8-minute walk).1. In which centurys collection can you see religious paintings?A. The 13th B. The
7、 17th C. The 18th D. The 20th2. Where are Leonardo da Vincis works shown?A. In the East Wing. B. In the main West Wing.C. In the Sainsbury Wing D. In the North Wing.3. Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?A. Piccadilly Circus. B. Leicester Square.C. Embankment. D. Charing Cro
8、ss.BThe similarities between elephant and human behavior has been a curiosity to scientists worldwide. These huge beasts are not so different from us. Their devotion to their family is just as powerful as the friendships between humans. In order to prevent future elephant attacks, people must first
9、understand the similarities between elephants and themselves.Because deaths are felt so deeply in elephants, memories of people harming or killing other members are not forgotten. Due to the Uganda-Tanzania War in Africa, poaching (偷猎) elephant increased during the 1970s and continued, despite gover
10、nment restrictions. However, ecologists like Eve Abe did not see this as simple poaching; they saw it as a “mass destruction”. Elephants that have witnessed the murder of a matriarch, are more likely to become violent and attack humans. Many aggressive elephants do not act without reason; they are s
11、uffering from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). At a young age, humans invade their life, kill their parents, and ultimately destroy their peaceful environment. More and more calves live neglected lives without a mother figure, and have to become a parent early for survival. Humans that had a d
12、ifficult childhood or early family life also suffer from aggression and pain. Young elephants have been known to have “nightmares,” waking up suddenly and screaming. These are clearly signs of stress, as males grow up to be increasingly hostile (敌对的) humans and target certain villages where painful
13、experiences had occurred.Although many see elephants as massive, violent, and simple-minded animals, their social structure is not unlike many human societies. Humans and elephants have been on parallel paths. However, if people continue practicing ignorance over the cruel treatment of these creatur
14、es, then collision will become inevitable. Cruel treatment of elephants still goes on, but by understanding the similarities between us, it can be stopped.4. In order to stop the hostile behavior of elephants, people should lay emphasis on _.A. stopping harming or killing the group members of elepha
15、ntsB. understand the similarities between elephants and humansC. taking good care of the young elephantsD. carrying out the government restrictions5. What does the underlined word “matriarch” mean?A. young elephant.B. male elephant.C. strong elephant.D. mother elephant.6. What can we infer from the
16、passage?A. Young elephants will grow up to be violent easily.B. Humans and elephants have the same social structure.C. Sometimes young elephants are forced to grow up.D. Elephants attack villages when painful experiences occur.7. Why should we take good care of the young kids?A. Because early family
17、 life counts.B. Because they will be aggressive when grown up.C. Because humans and elephants are on parallel paths.D. Because signs of stress have to be stopped.CWorld records can be set even if you are over 100 years old.Robert Marchand was born in 1911 in northern France. He enjoys riding a bicyc
18、le, and started cycling seriously when he was in his 60s. Marchand is now 105 years old.On Wednesday, a crowd gathered at the Velodrome National, about 30 kilometers outside of Paris. They were there to see how far he could travel in one hour.The record for one hour is held by Britains Bradley Wiggi
19、ns, a former Tour de France winner. Wiggins covered 54.5 kilometers in 2019. Evelyn Stevens of the United States holds the womens record. She went almost 48 kilometers in an hour last year.In 2019, Marchand set a record for riders over 100 years old when he traveled almost 27 kilometers in an hour.
20、So the question many people asked this week was: “Could he break his own record?” Marchand set off on his record attempt as sports lovers cheered and photographers watched. He moved slowly but steadily around the cycling track.Marchand is relatively small. He is only 1.52 meters tall and weighs 52 k
21、ilograms. When the hour ended, he completed 92 times around the track. That is just over 22.5 kilometers.After the event, Marchand said he could have done better. He did not see his trainers telling him he only had 10 minutes remaining. “I would have gone faster. I would have posted a better time,”
22、he said.But the news was still good, as he did set a new record for riders 105-years-old or older. “Im now waiting for a rival (对手),” he said.8. The main purpose of the first paragraph is to tell readers .A. an unbelievable factB. bring in the topic of the textC. any per son can set a world recordD.
23、 setting a world record is not so difficult as people think9. Which word can best describe the feeling of Marchand just after the event?A. Tired B. ProudC. Regretful D. Depressed10. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Bradley Wiggins set the cycling record in 2019B. Robert Marchand is t
24、he record holder of cycling over 100 years oldC. The womens record of cycling record was set by Evelyn Stevens in 2019D. Though Marchand didnt perform as well as before, he still set a record of cycling this year.11. Which of the following well-known sayings best expresses the message of the text?A.
25、 Experience is the best teacher.B. You cant teach an old dog new tricks.C. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.D. Old people may still cherish high aspirations.DCities are likely to be affected by overheating, thanks to something called the urban heat island effect. Cities tend to be short o
26、f trees, which provide shade, and they are covered with black pavement, which absorbs heat from the sun. Think of how it feels to wear a dark shirt versus a white shirt on a sunny day. A black shirt absorbs light, heating you up. But a white shirt reflects light, keeping you cool.The average tempera
27、ture in a city of a million or more people can be more than 5 degrees F hotter than surrounding areas. That extra 5 degrees can turn a hot day from uncomfortable to deadly. As temperatures rise, cities will be an especially dangerous place to be during a heat wave. To protect public health, city off
28、icials are going to make the city cooler.As part of that effort, Los Angeles is coating its roads in CoolSeal, a gray paint that keeps streets and parking lots 10 degrees cooler than black asphalt（沥青）. It will help Angelinos save money during the summer, when air conditioning sends power bills soari
29、ng. And it will save lives by lowering temperatures and improving air quality. Hot weather worsens air pollution by turning car exhaust into smog, which can make life miserable for people with asthma（哮喘）and other breathing problems.Of course, LA will have to do more than paint over a few streets to
30、cool off the city. Angelinos will also need to plant more trees and apply white paint to rooftopsat least those not already covered in solar panels. While LA is a pioneer of reflective streets, other cities, like New York, are already experimenting with reflective roofs or, like Melbourne, lowering
31、the temperature by planting trees. LA is hardly alone in its effort to stay cool.“This is an urgent challenge, and its much bigger than one person,” said Mayor Garcetti in a recent statement. “Climate change is a fact of life that people in Los Angeles and cities around the world live with every day
32、.”12. Which of the following contributes to the urban heat island effect?A. Planting more trees in the streets.B. Covering the streets with white paint.C. Applying reflective paint to rooftops.D. Furnishing every house with air conditioners.13. What should the city officials emphasize during hot sum
33、mer?A. How to make the city cooler.B. Where to wear a white shirt.C. Why to coat the roads with black paintD. When to cut off the electricity supply.14. What benefit can people gain from the use of CoolSeal?A. Increasing the indoor activities.B. Promoting the sale of air conditioners.C. Making life
34、easier and more comfortable.D. Reducing the number of cold days.15. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. L.A. adopted many approaches to fight against the heat.B. L.A. calls on people to fight against global warming.C. More and more countries begin to plant trees in the streets.D. L.A. is painting
35、its streets white to keep the city cool.第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It is sometimes thought that the longing for material goods, the need to buy things, is a relatively modern invention. 16 Trade or shopping is certainly an ancient desire, and existed before our a
36、ncestors invented writing, laws, cities or farming, even before they used metal to make tools.Humans are born to trade. 17 Evidence from hunter-gatherers suggests that the exchange of food and other necessary things comes naturally, as well as the ability to keep a record of the credits involved. An
37、d once trade begins, the benefits are hard to resist.Ancient local coastal people in northern Australia traded fish hooks, along a chain of trading partners, with people living 400 miles inland, who cut and polished local stone to make axes（斧子）. 18 Finally, both groups of “producers”, by concentrati
38、ng on things they could produce and exchanging them for other things they needed, benefited as a result.Trade in the necessities of life, such as food and simple tools, is not really surprising, considering the link between these basic items and survival. What is surprising, though, is that our tast
39、e for unnecessary expensive objects also goes back a long way.In South Africa, 100,000-year-old decorative dyes（染料） have been found in an area where none were produced. 19 Small round pieces of glass 76,000 years old were also found at the same place. The earliest jewellery known to us were not just
40、 random findingsthey were grouped together in size and had holes like those used for threading onto a necklace.Archaeologists argue that trade prepared the way for the complex societies in which we live today. 20 However, their modern equivalentsfast cars and expensive clotheshold the same attractio
41、n for us as “trade goods” did for people 100,000 years ago.A. And we dont need shops or money to do it.B. These are powerful evidence for cash purchase.C. In fact, its roots go back to the beginning of humanity.D. However, first trade began from the exchange of objects.E. Modern-day shoppers may not
42、 be impressed by ancient glass pieces.F. It is thought that these goods were bought at least 30 kilometres away.G. Every individual along the chain made a profit, even if he produced neither himself.第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Double
43、TroubleWhen I was eight, I wanted a toy and needed $10 to buy it. But, as usual, I was broke. I decided to ask my 11-year-old sister, Kathleen, for a loan. I went to her room, 21 her for the cash. Laughing, she agreed to 22 me the money, but added, “I will charge you 10 percent compound interest eve
44、ry 23 until you pay me back.”“Compound interestwhats that?” I asked.“Well, interest is what you call the 24 money borrowers have to pay back on a loan,” she explained. “Compound interest means that the interest payments get bigger and bigger the 25 you take to pay back the loan. To repay the loan, y
45、ou will need to give me $11 after one month. If you wait two months to pay me back, your 26 will grow from $10 to $11. So Ill be charging you interest on $11. Then I will add that interest to the $11 you already owe me, for a 27 of $12.10. Thats what youll owe after two months. ”“Sure. I get it,” I
46、said. Though truthfully, I was getting 28 .Kathleen lent me the money, and I bought the toy. My birthday came a month later, and my mom gave me $10. 29 , that was just the amount I needed to buy another toy I wanted 30 . I put off paying my sister for a month. After another month, I 31 about the loa
47、n.Several months later, on Christmas morning, my sister and I each found a $20 bill in our stockings. I was just putting it into my pocket 32 Kathleen tapped me on the shoulder.“Sorry, kiddo. Thats mine. Im 33 on your debt.”“Huh?” Then I remembered the loan. “Hey! How can it be that much? I 34 borro
48、wed $10.”“True,” she said, “but interest has been compounding for eight months. Now you 35 me $21.43.” She paused, then added. “You can pay me the $1.43.”I 36 to believe that a $10 loan could more than double so quickly. Much to my 37 , my sister got her pencil and tablet and showed me exactly how i
49、t all added up.My head 38 as I tried to keep track of Kathleens 39 , but this time, I got the basic idea of compound interest. I 40 the hard way that borrowing money can be “double trouble” in no time.21. A. blaming B. begging C. searching D. preparing22. A. pay B. give C. lend D. hand23. A. month B
50、. year C. week D. day24. A. little B. same C. enough D. extra25. A. less B. longer C. more D. shorter26. A. cash B. saving C. note D. debt27. A. total B. cost C. number D. bill28. A. encouraged B. shocked C. confused D. satisfied29. A. Gradually B. Obviously C. Unfortunately D. Hopefully30. A. serio
51、usly B. anxiously C. secretly D. desperately31. A. forgot B. knew C. talked D. cared32. A. after B. until C. while D. when33. A. carrying B. collecting C. relying D. focusing34. A. normally B. nearly C. only D. really35. A. owe B. offer C. take D. give36. A. decided B. refused C. pretended D. manage
52、d37. A. relief B. delight C. annoyance D. regret38. A. turned B. nodded C. stuck D. hurt39. A. calculations B. excuses C. directions D. discoveries40. A. explored B. learned C. explained D. questioned第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Styrofoam is plastic 41 a bad reputation.I
53、t cannot be recycled without releasing (释放) dangerous pollutants into the air. The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency 42 (say) it is the fifth largest creator of dangerous waste.Scientists from the U. S. and China have discovered that mealworms can digest plastic. One mealworm can digest a pill-s
54、ized amount of plastic a day.Study co-author Wei-Min Wu says that in 24 hours, the plastic 43 (turn) into carbon dioxide.Are the worms hurt by 44 (eat) plastic? The study found that worms eating Styrofoam were as 45 (health) as worms eating bran (糠).Styrofoam is a lightweight material, about 95 perc
55、ent air, with very good insulation properties (绝缘性), according to Earthsource.org. It is used in products from 46 (cup) that keep your drinks hot or cold to packaging materials 47 protect items during shipping.“Solving 48 problem of plastic pollution is important. Landfill space is becoming limited,
56、” says Wu, a Stanford University environmental engineering instructor.About 33 million tons of plastic are thrown away in the United States every year. Plastic plates, cups and containers take 49 25 percent to 30 percent of space in Americas landfills. One Styrofoam cup takes more than 1 million yea
57、rs 50 (recycle) in a landfill, according to Cleveland State University.第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者
58、(从第11处起)不计分。As the saying go, treat others as you would like to be treated. If we want to be treated well, and we should treat others well too.Two years before, I was admitted to a high school. I felt proudly and superior. Therefore, I always looked down upon my classmates who turned for me in their
59、 studies. One day, Tom asked me help him work out a math problem. I glanced at it, and said, “So easy, what foolish you are!” On hear it, he said angrily, “I wont ask you again.” I was shocking. Only then did I realize why I was so unpopular with my classmate. From then on, I tried to treat them equally and helped them with all my heart.第二节 书面表达(满分25分)假如你是红星中学学生李华.你们班在上周组织了一次 “传统文化之旅”活动。你的网友Tom 写信说想了解相关情况,请根据提示写一封email。内容包括:1.活动目的;2.活动地点和内容;3.活动感受。注意:1.字数100字左右；2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。Dear Tom,_Best wishes!Yours，Li Hua第 3 页