1、课时素养检测 七Unit 2Period 3. 阅读理解AHis first successful fight was for the equal rights of black people in South Africa. Then, as the first black president, he fought to unite the country and organize the government. Now Nelson Mandela has set his sights on a new enemy, AIDS. On March 19, the 82-year-old f
2、ormer president, hosted his second AIDS-awareness concert. He warned that 25 million people in Africa were already infected with the fatal disease. Mandela was born in a small village in South Africa in 1918. He was adopted by the chief of his tribe and could have been a chief himself and lived a ha
3、ppy country life. But he refused to be a chief when his people lived under racial discrimination. He decided to fight for equal rights for all people in South Africa. Before 1990, under the countrys Racial Segregation Law, coloured and white people lived separately. Black people were treated unfairl
4、y even when taking a bus. Blacks had to stand at the back of the bus to make room for white people even when there were only a few of them on board. For his opposition to the system, Mandela was arrested and spent 27 years in prison. He was freed in 1990 and became the president of the country after
5、 the first election was held in which everyone could vote. Mandela was not only a political fighter who attacked with speeches. He was also a trained boxer and fought in the ring when he was young. “Although I did not enjoy the violence of boxing, I was interested in how one moved ones body to prote
6、ct oneself, how one used a strategy both to attack and retreat”, he wrote in his autobiography(自传). As a skilled fighter, he chose music as his weapon against AIDS. He hoped to win another victory against AIDS. 【语篇概述】纳尔逊曼德拉不仅为黑人争得了平等的权利, 而且当选为第一位黑人总统。他改变了南非人的命运, 也改变了世界。他有自己的爱好, 他曾经为争取与艾滋病斗争的胜利而奋斗过。1
7、. When was Mandela arrested? _. A. In 1963B. In 1990C. When he refused to be a chiefD. When he became the president【解析】选A。理解判断题。从第五段“. . . Mandela was arrested and spent 27 years in prison. He was freed in 1990”可理解计算出答案: 1990-27= 1963。2. Nelson Mandela succeeded in doing the following except _. A. w
8、inning the equal rights for the black people in South AfricaB. uniting South AfricaC. organizing a government in South AfricaD. controlling the spread of AIDS【解析】选D。理解判断题。从第五段 “He was freed in 1990 and became the president of the country after the first election was held in which everyone could vote
9、”. 可知, A、B、C三项, 都是曼德拉做成功的事; 由末段最后一句 “He hoped to win another victory against AIDS. ”可知, 还未取得胜利, 故选D。3. If Nelson Mandela hadnt fought against racial discrimination, he _. A. could easily have been the president of South Africa B. could still have lived a happy life C. could have been in a difficult
10、situationD. could have been an excellent boxer【解析】选B。推理判断题。从第三段“He was adopted by the chief of his tribe and could have been a chief himself and lived a happy country life. ”可知答案。4. It can be inferred that Nelson Mandela _. A. continued to help the black people with the political struggleB. was taki
11、ng a position in a music groupC. was carrying on the worlds greatest fight against AIDSD. was preparing for the next president election【解析】选C。推理判断题。综合全文可知A、B、D三项错误; 从末段“He hoped to win another victory against AIDS. ”可推断出答案, 因为艾滋病非洲最严重, 故选C。BKong Zi. called Confucius(551-479 B. C. )and Socrates (469-
12、399 B. C. )lived only a hundred years apart, and during their lifetimes there was no contact between China and Greece, but it is interesting to look at how the world that each of these great philosophers came from shaped their ideas, and how these in turn, shaped their societies. Neither philosopher
13、 lived in times of peace, though there were more wars in Greece than in China. The Chinese states were very large and feudal, while the Greek city-states were small and urban. The urban environment in which Socrates lived allowed him to be more radical(激进的)than Confucius. Unlike Confucius, Socrates
14、was not asked by rulers how to govern effectively. Thus Socrates was able to be more idealistic, focusing on issues like freedom and knowledge for its own sake, on the other hand, advised those in government service, and many of his students went on to government service. Confucius suggested Rule as
15、 a principle for the conduct of “Do not do to others what you would not want others to you. ”He assumed that all men were equal at birth, though some had more potential than others, and that it was knowledge that set men apart. Socrates focused on individual, and thought that the greatest purpose of
16、 man was to seek wisdom. He believed that some had more potential to develop their reason than others did. Like Confucius, he believed that the superior class should rule the inferior(下层的)classes. For Socrates, the family was of no importance, and the community of little concern. For Confucius, howe
17、ver, the family was the centre of society, with family relations considered much more important than political relations. Both men are respected much more today than they were in their lifetimes. 【语篇概述】本文阐述了两位思想家孔子和苏格拉底主张的观点的异同。5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the first paragraph? A. S
18、ocrates and Confucius had much in common. B. Confucius had much influence on Socrates ideas. C. The societies were influenced by the philosophers ideas. D. There were exchanges between China and Greece. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。第一自然段主要讲述了孔子和苏格拉底生活期间尽管中国和希腊没有任何往来, 但是两位哲学家的不同生活地影响着他们观点的形成并且这些观点又影响着他们当时生活的社会。6. So
19、crates shared with Confucius the idea that _. A. all men were equal when they were bornB. the lower classes should be ruled by the upper classC. the purpose of man was to seek freedom and wisdomD. people should not ask others to do what they did not want to【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中“Like Confucius, he beli
20、eved that the superior class should rule the inferior(下层的)classes. (跟孔子一样, 苏格拉底认为, 上层阶级应该统治下层阶级。)”。7. What made some people different from others according to Confucius? A. FamilyB. PotentialC. KnowledgeD. Community【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三自然段“He assumed that all men were equal at birth, though some had mor
21、e potential than others, and that it was knowledge that set men apart. ”可知, 人生来都是平等的, 是知识将人分开了。8. This passage is organized in the pattern of _. A. time and eventsB. comparison and contrastC. cause and effectD. definition and classification【解析】选B。篇章结构题。本文主要阐述了两位哲学家观点的异同, 是以对比和比较的方式来安排文章的。. 完形填空Today
22、, I was phoning at an ATM that was situated inside a petrol bunk. The security guard who was a 72-year-old man 1 reminded me that I could not 2 my cell phone inside the ATM. When I came outside, I had a strong wish to talk with him. At first, I felt a little sympathetic(同情的). In my 3, he seemed like
23、 a poor, elderly man who was still working at this ATM. I ended up 4 him. He spoke to me about his family, and 5 about his son and daughter. He told me that his daughter always cared for him, even though she was married herself. Then he 6 his boy, who “has a heart of stone”. He advised me to save mo
24、ney for my old age, and I 7 him for his advice. As we spoke, he opened up quite a bit. He 8 loved telling me about his lifehis family, his limited income, and how the family were still 9 in spite of all the difficulties. I had nothing to give except time. I thought about giving him money, 10 it didn
25、t feel quite right. I had made the mistake in the past, and as we spoke, it became 11 that he wanted my time. Not my money. I did not want to take away his dignity(尊严) 12 giving him money. By the time the conversation 13, I was close to tears. Ordinary peoplewhen given the opportunity to 14 their st
26、oryare real gems(难能可贵的人). Sometimes, time and presence are the best gifts you can give. It certainly made me 15 listening and be in the presence of this elder. 【语篇概述】本文是记叙文。在谈话中, 贫穷的老人谈论他的家人、有限的收入和快乐的日子, 作者一直在耐心地倾听。在作者看来, 倾听是给予老人最好的礼物。1. A. kindly B. rudely C. quietly D. secretly【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。联系下文中作者
27、和老人进行的友好交谈可以推知, 老人温和地(kindly)提醒作者。2. A. buyB. findC. hideD. use 【解析】选D。背景常识题。根据上文中的“I was phoning. . . ”可知, 老人提醒作者不要在里面使用(use)手机。3. A. suggestionB. impressionC. attitudeD. dream【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。句中的“. . . he seemed like a poor, elderly man”的语境说明此处指作者的印象(impression)。4. A. quarreling withB. listening toC.
28、hearing fromD. laughing at 【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。由文章最后一句“It certainly made me. . . listening. . . ” 可知, 作者倾听(listening to )老人说话。5. A. immediatelyB. actuallyC. finallyD. especially 【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。下文老人提到了自己的两个孩子, 所以这里指老人特别地(especially)谈到他的儿子和女儿。6. A. describedB. praisedC. introducedD. educated【解析】选A。背景常识题。说完女儿之后
29、, 老人又描述(describe)他的儿子。7. A. helpedB. showedC. calledD. thanked【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。作者感谢了(thanked)老人的建议。8. A. simplyB. hardlyC. nearlyD. widely 【解析】选A。词义辨析题。他只是(simply)喜欢谈论有关他的家庭生活, 包括家人、收入等。9. A. busyB. nervousC. poorD. happy【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。联系从句“. . . in spite of all the difficulties” 中表示的让步意义可以推知, 老人的家人是幸福快乐的
30、(happy)。10. A. andB. butC. soD. though【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。作者想给他钱, 但是(but)感到不合适。11. A. strangeB. commonC. clearD. easy 【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。老人一直不停地说, 很明显(clear)他需要的是作者的时间。12. A. forB. byC. inD. from 【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据前句“. . . he wanted my time. Not my money” 的意思说明作者不想通过(by)给钱而伤害了他的尊严。13. A. startedB. continuedC. laste
31、dD. ended 【解析】选D。词义辨析题。该段是对全文的总结, 所以这里指谈话结束(ended)的时候。14. A. shareB. writeC. understandD. correct【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。老人和作者分享(share)自己的情况。15. A. keepB. avoidC. forgetD. admit【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。正是作者的这种想法才使得作者一直(keep)倾听老人的讲话。. 语法填空Jeff Bezos is the founder and CEO of Amazon. com, which is one of the first companies
32、 1. _ (sell)products on the Internet. Bezos was born 2. _ January 12, 1964 in New Mexico, the U. S. As a child, Bezos was very 3. _ (interest) in how things worked. When he was in his teens, his family moved to Miami, 4. _ he developed a love for computers. Bezos did well in school and his class wer
33、e 5. _ (pride) of him. In high school, he started his first business, Dream Institute, 6. _ educational summer camp for fourth, fifth and sixth grades. At the age of thirty, Jeff Bezos was a 7. _ (succeed)vice-president(副总)of a company in New York. No one could understand him when he made the 8. (de
34、cide)to give up the job. Bezos drove across the country to Seattle and started an online bookstore 9. (call) Amazon. com. Bezos had very little money and the company was very small at the beginning. However, business has been growing rapidly since it 10. (found)and now you can buy anything from food
35、 to gold rings on Amazon. com, one of the worlds largest online shopping centers. 【语篇概述】本文讲述了亚马逊网的创始人和首席执行官杰夫贝佐斯的人生经历。1. 【解析】to sell。考查非谓语动词。名词前有序数词修饰, 后面跟不定式作定语, 故填to sell。2. 【解析】on。考查介词。表示具体日期, 在某一天用on, 故填on。3. 【解析】interested。考查非谓语动词。在此处表示人“感兴趣的”, 用interested; interesting修饰物, be interested in 表示“对
36、感兴趣”, 故填interested。4. 【解析】where。考查定语从句的引导词。关系副词where引导定语从句, 修饰先行词Miami, where在定语从句中作地点状语, 故填where。5. 【解析】proud。考查词性转换。空格前是系动词be后面应当用形容词作表语构成be proud of短语。6. 【解析】an。考查冠词。“an educational summer camp for fourth, fifth and sixth grades”是Dream Institute的同位语, 解释说明Dream Institute是一个什么样的夏令营, 用不定冠词, 故填an。7.
37、【解析】successful。考查形容词。空格中所填单词在句中作定语, 修饰名词, 需用形容词形式, 故填successful。8. 【解析】decision。考查名词。格中所填单词在句中作make的宾语, 需用名词形式, 故填decision。9. 【解析】called。考查非谓语动词。“called Amazon. com. ”是过去分词短语作后置定语, call与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系, 用过去分词形式表示被动, 故填called。10. 【解析】was founded。考查动词的时态和语态。since后的状语从句应用一般过去时, it与found之间是被动关系, 故填was founded。