1、选修6 Unit3 A healthy life重点单词1._n.&vt.滥用；虐待2._n.压力；重音vt.加压力干；使紧张_adj.产生压力的；紧张的_adj.焦虑不安的3._n.青少年adj.青春期的_n.青春期4._vt.禁止；取缔n.禁令；谴责5._adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的6._adj.困难的；强硬的7._adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的_n.沉溺；嗜好_adj.使人上瘾的8._vt.使习惯于9._n.收回；撤退；戒毒（或脱瘾）过程abusestressstressfulstressedadolescentadolescencebanduetoughaddictedaddiction
2、addictiveaccustomwithdrawal（学生用书见P143）重点单词10._adj.无意识的；自动的_ adv.无意识地；自动地11._ adj.精神的；智力的_adv.精神上；智力上_adj.(反义词)身体的，肉体的12._vt.停止（做某事）；离开13._ n.结果；效力14._adj.怀孕的15._ adj.畸形的；异常的16._adj.气喘吁吁；屏息的17._vt.加强；巩固；使坚强vi.变强_n.力气，力量，强项18._n.决心；决定19._adj.绝望的；拼命的20._n.药剂师automaticautomaticallymentalmentallyphysical
3、quiteffect pregnantabnormalbreathlessstrengthenstrengthresolvedesperatechemist重点单词21._adj.失望的；沮丧的_adj.令人失望的_vt.使失望；使扫兴_n.失望；沮丧22._adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的_n.羞愧_adj.可耻的_adj.无耻的；厚颜的23._n.理解（力）24._n.危险；冒险25._n.附录；附件_(复数)26._adj.不合法的；违法的disappointeddisappointingdisappointdisappointmentashamedshameshamefulshamelessc
4、omprehensionriskappendixappendixes/appendicesillegal重点单词27._n.幸存；幸存者_vt.幸存；活下来28._n.偏见；成见29._n.看法；判决；判断30._adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的_vt.使困窘；阻碍_n.窘迫；难堪；使人为难的人或事31._adj.局促不安的；笨拙的survivalsurviveprejudicejudgementembarrassedembarrassembarrassmentawkward重点短语1._由于2._对有瘾3._习惯于4._对作出决定5._ _想要（做）6._不管；不顾7._冒险8._陷入；染上（坏习
5、惯）9._处境危险；遭受危险10._极需要due toaddicted toaccustomed todecide onfeel like(doing)in spite oftake risks(a risk)get intoat riskbe desperate for1.find it difficult to do sth.发现做某事是有困难的Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and you are finding it difficult to give it up.(教材P18)2.强调谓语和as.
6、as句型I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.(教材P18)3.时间名词用作从属连词Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette,remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.（教材P19）重点句型it的用法（I）It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon.(
7、教材P18)重点句型stress n重压，逼迫；压力；重音；重点 vt.加压力于；使紧张；重读1（学生用书见P144）under stress在压力之下 under the stress of在压力下 stress sth.lay/place/put stress on sth.(3)stressed adj.焦虑不安的；心力交瘁的(4)stressful adj.压力重的；紧张的(1)(2)强调某事物She said the secrets to their successful marriage include being able to laugh together and his ab
8、ility to stay calm under stress.她说他们幸福婚姻的秘诀是能够互相微笑和他那种在压力下镇定自若的能力。When I was a child，my mother laid great stress on my proper behavior.在我小的时候，妈妈特别强调我要行为端正。The president has repeatedly stressed the importance of economic development.总统反复强调经济发展的重要性。He was feeling very stressed and tired.他感到心力交瘁。Its le
9、ss stressful,and I have more time off.压力不大，我有很多空闲时间。ban vt.禁止；取缔n.禁令；谴责Do you think smoking should be banned?(教材P17)你认为吸烟应该被禁止吗？2 ban sth./doing sth.禁止做某事 ban sb.from sth./doing sth.禁止某人做某事 be put/placed under a ban 被禁止 lift a ban 解除禁令 a ban on/against 禁止(1)(2)They signed agreements banning the use
10、of chemical weapons.他们签订协议禁止使用化学武器。In some countries advertising alcoholic drinks or tobacco is banned together.在有些国家，烟酒广告一起遭到禁止。She was banned from competing for two years after failing a drug test.她没有通过药检，被禁赛两年。The beef export ban is likely to be lifted this year.牛肉出口的禁令今年有可能解除。There is to be a to
11、tal ban on smoking in the office.在办公室吸烟将遭到全面禁止。addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的You see,during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.（教材P18）你知道，当我还是一个十几岁的孩子时，我也吸过烟，而且还上了瘾。3(1)get/become/be addicted to(doing)sth.做上瘾；沉溺于;沉迷于addict vt.使沉溺；使上瘾 addict oneself to sth.沉溺于(2)(3)addict n.有不良嗜好的人ad
12、dictionn.癖好Many students are hopelessly addicted to computer games.许多学生沉溺于电脑游戏，简直不可救药了。If the idea of giving up TV for a week is terrible,you may be addicted to television.如果一周不看电视连想都不敢想，那么你很可能已经看电视上瘾了。The old man addicted himself to drinking.这老人嗜好饮酒。quit vt&vi.停止(做某事)；离开I was addicted in all three
13、ways，so it was very difficult to quit.（教材P18）我之所以上瘾有这三个方面的原因，因此要戒烟就很难。4quit doing sth.放弃做某事；停止做某事quit office 离职quit school 退学quit oneself of sth.=be quit of sth.摆脱某事 abandon指完全永远地放弃，尤指放弃应负的责任或义务，如放弃一个项目或计划。desert强调故意违背自己的义务、责任或誓言等(擅离职守)。quit指突然或出其不意地放弃，一般指“停止”。quit 后面跟动词时必须用v.+ing形式。They have to qui
14、t China in a few days.他们必须在几天之内离开中国。My father has quit smoking at last.我父亲终于戒了烟。I got my present job when I quit the army.我退伍后得到了现在这份工作。She quit herself of all worries and devoted herself to the study of science.她摆脱了一切烦恼，潜心研究科学。Despite some difficulties,theyre not going to abandon the plan.尽管他们遇到了一些
15、困难,但并不打算放弃这个计划。The police are looking for a woman who deserted her children.警方正在寻找那位遗弃孩子们的妇人。effect n结果；效力When I was young，I didnt know much about the harmful effects of smoking.在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我知道得并不多。(教材P18)5(1)have an effect on/upon 对有效，对产生影响 take effect come into effect(3)be of no effect 没效果；无用(
16、4)bring/put.into effect 实行；实施(5)side effect 副作用(2)生效；奏效Sunspots also have an effect on the earths magnetic field.太阳耀斑对于地球磁场也有作用。According to the chairman,this agreement will come into effect next month.据主席说，这项协议将于下个月生效。The medicine was of no effect on the patient.这种药对病人无效。They tried their best to br
17、ing/put the new law into effect.他们尽最大的努力使新法律生效。ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的If you weaken and have a cigarette,do not feel ashamed.(教材P19)如果你因为意志薄弱而又吸烟了，也不要觉得难为情。6 be/feel ashamed(of oneself)感到羞愧 be/feel ashamed of(doing)sth./that 因感到羞愧 be ashamed to do sth.耻于做某事 feel/be ashamed for sb.替某人感到羞愧 shame n.羞耻；惭愧；
18、遗憾的事 Its a shame that./to do sth.What a shame that./to do sth.Its a shame!What a shame!Its a pity!(3)shameful adj.（事情或行为）可耻的；不道德的(1)(2)真让人遗憾真可惜！I behaved badly yesterday and I am ashamed(of myself)now.我昨天表现不好，现在感到很惭愧。He is ashamed of his shameful conduct.他为自己的可耻行为感到羞愧。That kind of behavior made me a
19、shamed to be British.那种行为使我感到作为一个英国人很惭愧。Its a shame that you cant stay with us.很遗憾你不能留下来和我们在一起。What a shame to treat the orphan like that!那样对待那个孤儿太不像话了！It is a shame to be so wasteful.这样浪费真是太可耻了。risk n危险；风险vt.冒失去之险；冒的风险He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks.（教材P20）他
20、觉得他必须每一步都要认真作决定而不能冒险。7 take risks/a risk(to do sth.)冒险（做）run risks/the risk of doing sth.(=take the chance of doing sth.)冒险做at risk 处境危险；遭受危险 at the risk of 冒着风险 at ones own risk 自担风险；自负全责 risk doing sth.冒险做risk ones life to do sth.冒着生命危险做(1)(2)Describe how you can take risks to accomplish tasks.讲讲你
21、是怎么冒险完成任务的。He saved my life at the risk of losing his own.他冒着生命危险救了我。When children start smoking，they dont realize that theyre risking their health.小孩开始抽烟时，并没有意识到是在拿自己的健康去冒险。If you live abroad for a long time you risk losing old friends in your homeland.如果你在国外住很长时间你就会有失去国内朋友的危险。The brave man risked
22、his life to save the boy.这位勇士冒着生命危险去救这个孩子。due to 由于；因为 I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.（教材P18）我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。1（学生用书见P146）（1）以下是due to的同义词短语，都有“因为”之意：because of；owing to；thanks to；as a result of；as a consequence of；in consequence of；on account ofbe du
23、e to do sth.be due for sth.(3)(be)due to sb.应支付；给予；归于某人预定；预计（做）某事(2)The old mans good health is mainly due to proper diet and regular exercise.这位老人身体好的主要原因是饮食得当以及经常运动。Owing to our joint efforts，the task was fulfilled ahead of time.由于我们的共同努力，任务提前完成了。As a consequence of the problematic milk powder inc
24、ident,our dairy product industry is going through a credibility crisis.由于问题奶粉事件，我们的乳制品产业正在经历信用危机。In consequence of his bad conduct he was dismissed.他因为行为不良而被开除了。She is due to complete her study and graduate late this year.她预计今年下半年完成学业。Money is due to him for his work.他做了事，应付给他钱。accustomed to 习惯于 Thi
25、s means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.(教材P18)这就是说，过一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。2(1)get/become accustomed to sth.习惯于某事 accustom vt.使习惯于 accustom sb./oneself to(doing)sth.使某人/自己习惯于(2)Accustomed to climbing the steep mountain，he had no difficulty reaching the top.因为
26、习惯了爬陡峭的山，所以爬上山顶对他而言一点困难都没有。Im not accustomed to getting up so early to do morning exercises.我不习惯这么早起床进行晨练。He quickly accustomed himself to/became accustomed to the new way of life.他很快适应了这种新的生活方式。She found it necessary to accustom her child to getting up early.她觉得有必要让孩子养成早起的习惯。in spite of 不顾；不管In spi
27、te of all his efforts he failed.He was so upset about himself that he felt like crying.（教材P20）尽管他很努力但还是失败了，他伤心得想哭。3 in spite of(doing)sth.despite(doing)sth.regardless of(doing)sth.(2)in spite of the fact that.（同位语从句）尽管；虽然 =although/though+从句(1)不管；不顾I failed the test despite studying all night.尽管整夜学习
28、，我还是考试不及格。He went ahead and did it regardless of the consequence.他说干就干了，没有考虑结果。Kelly loved her husband in spite of the fact that he drank too much.虽然丈夫酗酒，但凯莉依然爱着他。get into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)Of course the best way to deal with these drugs is not to get into the habit in the first place！（教材P20）当然，对付毒品的最好方法是刚开
29、始就别养成(吸毒的)习惯。4get across(使)通过；(使)被理解;(把)讲清楚get along进展；相处get away逃脱；离开get away with.做了坏事而不受处罚get down to开始 认真工作get over爬过;越过;克服(困难);痊愈get through穿越(马路);通过；接通电话Its easier to get into debt than to get out of it again!负债容易还债难!How can I get it across to you how important this is?我怎么做才能让你们理解这件事的重要性？How a
30、re you getting along with your work?你的工作进展如何？I couldnt have him getting away with telling lies.我不能容忍他说谎而免受惩罚。The task isnt as difficult as it seems when you really get down to it.在你真正认真做这项工作时，它并不像看上去那样困难。find it difficult to do sth.发现做某事是有困难的Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ag
31、o and you are finding it difficult to give it up.(教材P18)你妈妈告诉我，你不久前开始吸烟了，而且现在很难把它戒掉。1（学生用书见P147）本句采用的是“主语+find+it+adj./n.+动词不定式”的结构。在本结构中，it 只是形式宾语。而后面的to do sth.才是真正的宾语。用在这种结构中的其他动词还有：think,feel,make,consider等。I find it easy to begin smoking and tough to stop.我发现吸烟容易戒烟难。Some of my students feel it
32、hard to learn English and want to give it up.我的部分学生感到学英语很难，想要放弃。The Internet has made it possible to communicate with people around the world.因特网使世界各地人们可以相互交流。强调谓语和 as.as 句型I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.(教材P18)我真希望你能那样做，因为我盼着你也能像我一样健康长寿。2此句中as.as 引导状语从句
33、，两个 as之间可以是 adj./adv.也可以是n.，如果涉及数量可以用 as much/manyn.+as.，或者 asadj.an/an.as.，此结构还可与 twice,three times,half 等倍数词连用。（1）soadj.a(n)n.that.如此以至于（2）(not)soadj.a(n)n.as.和一样（3）tooadj.a(n)n.to do.太而不能（4）how/however+adj.+a（n）+n.（无论）多么I have read as interesting a book as you have read.我读的书和你读的书一样有趣。The man hope
34、s to live as simple a life as his grandpa.这个小伙子希望和他爷爷一样过着俭朴的生活。I cant afford as expensive a car as his.我买不起像他那样昂贵的小汽车。This is so difficult a problem that no one can work it out.这道题太难，没人能解答出来。It is too high a price for us to pay.这个价格太高，我们付不起。时间名词用作从属连词Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette，remi
35、nd yourself that you are a non-smoker.（教材P19）每次你想吸烟的时候，要提醒自己你是一个不吸烟的人。3本句中的every（each）time用来引导时间状语从句。表示经常性的动作，“每次”的意思。该从句中也用一般时态代替将来时。(1)下列名词词组可以起连词作用 the+序数词 time第次next/any/every/each time下一/任何一/每一次（2）the moment/instant/minute/second及副词directly，instantly，immediately等也可用来引导时间状语从句Every time I call th
36、e number，I get a busy signal.我每次拨打这个号码，电话总是忙音。Every time you smile at someone，you give a gift to that person.每次当你向某人微笑的时候，你就给了那人一件礼物。He loved her the first time he saw her.他对她一见钟情。.品句填词（用所给词的恰当形式或根据语境写一个合适的词）1.Some people have to lead(stress)lifestyles out of necessity,and it is urgent for them to t
37、ake some time to relax.【答案】1.stressful2.You may be physically and(mental)exhausted after a long flight.Do get a good rest after you arrive at the destination.【答案】2.mentally3.The medicine that he is taking is no effect；he hasnt recovered from his illness yet.【答案】3.of4.The doors of the hotel have lock
38、s which(automatic)lock the doors when we close them.【答案】4.automatically5.As is reported in China Daily,the presidents visit is intended(strength)ties between the two countries.【答案】5.strengthen（学生用书见P148）6.They accused the company of having a prejudice _ its women employees who get lower pay than the
39、ir male colleagues even when they are doing the same amount of work.【答案】6.against7.The health of women is clearly _ risk when they have little money,no medicines and no access to prevention or treatment services.【答案】7.at8.In spite of _(bear)without a right hand,she plays soccer,basketball and partic
40、ipates in triathlons.【答案】8.being born 9.You shouldnt ask her private questions that will make her feel _(embarrass)【答案】9.embarrassed10.Recently，he has become _(addict)to computer games.【答案】10.addicted.单句改错（含词汇和本单元的语法）1.It is illegal for him to abuse his power to do something wrong for the benefit of
41、 himself.And he ended up arrested by the police.【答案】arrested前加being2.Last year,a 3-year-old boy of HIV was banned from using a public swimming pool and shower in Alabama.【答案】ofwith3.Because his lung trouble is worse and worse,it is urgent to decide a day to give up smoking.【答案】decide后加on4.He decided
42、 to take risk of sharing his personal secrets with a total stranger.【答案】risk前加the5.It never occurred to me that Tom should have got into habit of smoking and drinking heavily.【答案】habit前加the6.As is known to all,it takes time for an old man to be accustomed to live in the new surroundings.【答案】livelivi
43、ng7.When it comes to cooperation,the teacher tells me not to feelembarrassed about different from others in public.【答案】about后加being8.We have known for decades that our surviving depends on finding new sources of energy.Yet we import more oil today than ever before.【答案】survivingsurvival9.I hope some
44、of you will think also about serving in other parts of the world,which your skills may be even more desperately needed.【答案】whichwhere10.Lets put stress in the importance of birth control and call on the whole nation to take more effective action so that our country could have a brighter future.【答案】i
45、non.课文语法填空Though Ill be 82 years old,I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres every day.I think it is due 1.my healthy life that I am living（living）a long and active life.But I have heard that you 2._（addict）to smoking cigarettes and find it tough to give it up.You may become addicted in three w
46、ays.First,after smoking for a while,your body becomes 3._（accustom）to having nicotine in it,so you become physically addicted to it.Secondly,if you keep 4._（smoke）over and over again,you begin to do it automatically 5._habit.Lastly,if you feel happier and more relaxed after having a cigarette,you wi
47、ll be 6._（mental）addicted.When I was young,my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible.And I found I became 7._（breath）.As a result,I was so unfit that I 8._（take）off the school football team.Later,I knew smoking did cause damage to our health and even had harmful effects on babies,leading to a smaller birth weight or an 9._（normal）condition.10._（strengthen）your resolve,I found some advice on the Internet for you to read.I do hope you will live as long and healthy a life as I have.to are addictedaccustomedsmokingthroughmentallybreathless was takenabnormalto strengthen
