1、2020-2021学年进才中学高三上英语10月月考. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use on
2、e word that best fits each blank.A few months ago as I wandered through my parents house, the same house I grew up in, I had a sudden, scary realization. When my parents bought the house, in 1982, they were only two years older than I am now. I tried to imagine _1_ in two years, ready to settle down
3、 and buy the house Id still be living in almost 30 years later.It seemed ridiculous. On a practical level, theres no way I could afford to buy a house anytime soon. More importantly, I wouldnt want to. Im not sure _2_ Ill be living in two years, or what kind of job Ill have. And I dont think Ill be
4、ready to settle down and stay in one place.So this is probably the generation gap _3_ (divide) friends and me from our parents. When our parents were our age, they _4_ (get) their education, chosen a career and were starting to settle into responsible adult lives.My friends and I-“Generation Y”-stil
5、l arent sure what we want to do with our lives. _5_ we end up doing, we want to make sure were happy doing it. Wed rather take risks first, try out different jobs, and move from one city to another _6_ we find our favorite place. Wed rather spend our money on travel than put it in a savings account.
6、This casual attitude toward responsibility has caused some critics to call my generation “arrogant”, “impatient”, and “overprotected”. Some of these complaints have a point. As children, we _7_ (encourage) to succeed in school, but also to have fun. We grew up in a world full of technological innova
7、tion: cell phones, the Internet, instant messaging, and video games.Our parents looked to rise vertically-starting at the bottom of the ladder and slowly making their way to the top, on the same track, often for the same company. That doesnt apply _8_ my generation.Because of that, it _9_ take us lo
8、nger than our parents to arrive at responsible, stable adulthood. But thats not necessarily a bad thing. In our desire _10_ (find) satisfaction, we will work harder, strive for ways to keep life interesting, and gain a broader set of experiences and knowledge than our parents generation did.【答案】1. m
9、yself 2. where 3. dividing 4. had gotten 5. Whatever 6. until 7. were encouraged 8. to 9. may/might 10. to find【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者他们这一代人与父辈之间的生活方式不同。写文章是为了让别人对他们这代人更加理解。【1题详解】考查代词。句意：我试着想象一下两年后的自己，准备安顿下来，买下那幢30年后我还会住的房子。空处缺少宾语，此处宾语和主语I一致，需用其对应的反身代词myself。故填myself。【2题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我不知道两年后我会住在哪里，也不知道我会
10、做什么样工作。分析句子结构，空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少地点状语，需用连接副词where引导。故填where。【3题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所以这可能就是分隔我和朋友和父母的代沟。分析句子结构，is为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，gap和divide为主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填dividing。【4题详解】考查动词时态。句意：当我们的父母像我们这么大的时候，他们已经接受了教育，选择了职业，开始过有责任感的成年生活。根据were可知，get发生在“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时。故填had gotten。【5题详解】考查状语从句。句意：无论我们最终做什么，我们都想确保我们做得开心
11、。空处引导让步状语从句，意为“无论什么”，whatever意为“无论什么”。位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Whatever。【6题详解】考查状语从句。句意：我们宁愿先冒险，尝试不同的工作，从一个城市搬到另一个城市，直到找到我们喜欢的地方。空处引导时间状语从句，意为“直到”，until意为“直到”。故填until。【7题详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：作为孩子，我们被鼓励要在学校取得成功，但也要玩得开心。此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，主语we和encourage为被动关系，主语为复数名词，谓语动词使用复数形式。故填were encouraged。【8题详解】考查介词。句意：这并不
12、适用于我们这一代。apply to为固定短语，意为“适用于”。故填to。【9题详解】考查情态动词。句意：正因为如此，我们可能需要比我们的父母更长的时间才能达到负责任、稳定的成年状态。结合语境，空处需填情态动词“可能”，may/might意为“可能”。故填may/might。【10题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在我们渴望得到满足的过程中，我们会更加努力地工作，努力寻找让生活充满乐趣的方法，并获得比父辈更丰富的经验和知识。空处作后置定语修饰名词desire，需用动词不定式。故填to find。Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper
13、 word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. term B. bittersweet C. fascinated D. name E. uncover F. longingG. attached H. highlighting I. pure J. determined K. analyzingThe Unique Joy of Learning New WordsWith all thats happening in t
14、he news, life can feel like an exercise in determining the particular kind of bad we are experiencing. Are we anxious or depressed? Lonely, or stressed?Tim Lomas, a senior lecturer in positive psychology at the University of East London, is engaged in the opposite endeavor, _11_ all the types of wel
15、l-being that he can find. Specifically, Lomas is seeking to _12_ psychological insight by collecting untranslated words that describe pleasurable feelings we dont have a(n) _13_ for in English. “Its almost like each one is a window onto a new landscape.” Lomas says. So far, with the help of many con
16、tribute, he has amassed (积累) nearly 1000 in what he calls a “positive lexicography”-including the Dutch pretoogies, which refers to the twinkling eyes of someone engaged in benign mischief (恶作剧); The Arabic tarab, a word for musically induced ecstasy. And the Creole tabanca, which describes the _14_
17、 feeling of being left by someone you love.People are _15_ with untranslatable words in part because they are useful: How else could we talk to each other about the guilty pleasure of schadenfreude? But Lomas also see them as a means of showing us “new possibilities for ways of living,” describing t
18、hem as invitations for people to experience happy phenomena that may previously have had been “hidden from them” or to revel in (沉浸于) feelings they couldnt previously _16_. Consider the Japanese ohanami, a word for gathering with others to appreciate lowers.Linguists have long argued about how much
19、the language we speak-partly _17_ by factors like geography and climate-limits the thought we are capable of having or the actions we can take. “The world in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely the same world with different labels _18_, ”wrote the theorist Edward Sapir.Per
20、using (研读) the words in Lomas collection, at the least, is a means of meditating on ways that we can feel good. When asked for one of his Favorites, the psychologist lists the German Fernweh, which describes a _19_ to travel to distant lands, a kind of homesickness for the unexplored. Also delightfu
21、l is the Danish morgen frish, describing the satisfaction one gets from a good nights sleep, and the Latin otium, _20_ the joy of being in control of ones own time.【答案】11. K 12. E 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. D 17. J 18. G 19. F 20. H【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了一些不可翻译的词汇在使用中所传递出来的意想不到的的感情效果，比如带给人们的意外快乐。【11题详解】考查非谓语动词
22、。句意：东伦敦大学积极心理学高级讲师蒂姆洛马斯的研究方向正好相反，他分析了他能找到的所有幸福类型。分析可知空格所在的部分是句子的状语，空格后是一个名词短语，故空格处要一个非谓语动词或介词，所给词中没有介词，可排除介词的可能，结合语境此处指“分析了”所有幸福的类型, K选项analyzing是analyze（分析）的现在分词形式。故答案为K。【12题详解】考查动词。句意：洛马斯正在寻找通过收集未翻译的词汇来揭示心理学的洞察力，这些词汇描述了我们在英语中没有专门术语来描述的愉悦感觉。根据seek to do“试图做某事；寻求做某事”，可知空格处填动词原形，根据语境可知此处指“揭示”心理学的洞察力，
23、E选项uncover意为“揭示”。故答案为E。【13题详解】考查名词。句意：洛马斯正在寻找通过收集未翻译的词汇来揭示心理学的洞察力，这些词汇描述了我们在英语中没有专门术语来描述的愉悦感觉。空格前是冠词，且空格处是宾语成分，故空格处填名词，根据前文“untranslated words that describe pleasurable feelings”可以推测处此处指“术语、词汇”等意思，A选项term有“术语”之意。故答案为A。【14题详解】考查形容词。句意：还有克里奥尔塔班卡，它描述了被你所爱的人抛弃的苦乐参半的感觉。空格后是名词feeling，且前面有冠词the，再结合句意可知空格处填
24、形容词，此处作定语，修饰feeling，根据下文“feeling of being left by someone you love. 被你爱的人抛弃的感觉。”可知此处是不好的感觉，B选项bittersweet意为：苦乐参半的；又苦又甜的，与上述分析一致。故答案为B。【15题详解】考查固定短语。句意：们对无法翻译的词语着迷，部分原因是它们很有用:否则我们还能怎么跟别人谈论幸灾乐祸带来的内疚快感呢? 根据语境可知此处指人们对未知的事情很着迷，C选项fascinated与空格前的are构成固定短语be fascinated with意为：痴迷于；对着迷，故答案为C。【16题详解】考查动词。句意：但
25、洛马斯也把它们看作是向我们展示“生活方式的新可能性”的一种方式，把它们描述为邀请人们去体验可能之前“对他们隐藏起来的”快乐现象，或者陶醉在他们以前无法命名的感觉中。根据空格前的情态动词动词could可知空格处填动词原形，根据前文“untranslated words that describe pleasurable feelings we dont have a(n) _3_ for in English.”可知此处指的是前面没有专业术语描述的感觉，即没有命名的感觉，D选项name作为动词讲时，意思是：命名，任命；指定，故答案为D。【17题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：长期以来，语言学家一直在
26、争论，我们所说的语言在多大程度上限制了我们的思维能力或我们可以采取的行动。我们所说的语言部分是由地理和气候等因素决定的。分析可知空格所在的部分“we speak-partly _7_ by factors like geography and climate”是定语修饰language，每空填一词，故此处填非谓语动词，根据语境可知此处指我们所说的语言部分是由地理和气候等因素决定的，由空格后的介词“by”可知此处是被决定，故用过去分词，此处作后置定语，J选项determined是动词determine（决定）的过去分词，符合上述分析。故答案为J。【18题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不同社会生活的
27、世界是截然不同的世界，而不仅仅是贴着不同标签的同一个世界。”理论家爱德华萨皮尔写道。根据空格前的名词labels（标签）可知此处指贴（附加）标签等，G选项attached（attach的过去分词）意为：附上，此处是过去分词作后置定语修饰labels。故答案为G。【19题详解】考查名词。句意：当被问及他最喜欢的作品时，这位心理学家列出了德国的Fernweh，它描述了一种对遥远国度的渴望，一种对未被探索的地方的乡愁。空格前是冠词a，且空格处作动词describes的宾语，故空格处填名词，根据语境可知此处指的是对远方的渴望，F选项longing当名词讲时，意为：渴望，热望；憧憬。故答案为F。【20题
28、详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：同样令人愉快的还有丹麦语morgen frish，描述的是一个人从一夜好眠中得到的满足感;还有拉丁语otium，强调掌控自己时间的乐趣。分析句子结构可知“describing the satisfaction one gets from a good nights sleep,”与“ _10_ the joy of being in control of ones own time.”是并列成分，故空格处填现在分词，根据语境可知此处指强调掌控自己时间的乐趣，H选项highlighting（highlight的现在分词），意为：强调；使显著，与上述分析一致且符合语境。
29、故答案为H。. Reading Comprehensions (45%)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.How Facebook Programmed Our RelativesThree years ago, on his birthday, a law p
30、rofessor watched his e-mail inbox as usual. But it was filled with Facebook notifications (通告) _21_ that friends had posted messages on his wall. The messages made him sad. The blocked inbox was _22_, but what really upset him was having disclosed his birth date to Facebook in the first place. Its n
31、ot necessary for social networking to comply with (遵守) privacy laws, as some people _23_ believe. He hadnt paid much attention when he signed upas with most electronic contracts, there was no room for negotiation about terms. He _24_ Facebooks instructions, entered the data and clicked a button.A fe
32、w days later, the law professor decided to change the birth date on his Facebook profile to _25_ the same situation next year. But when the fake date rolled around, his inbox again was flooded with Facebook notifications. Two of the messages were from close relatives, one of whom he had spoken with
33、on the phone on his actual birthday! How could she not realize that the date was _26_?Our hypothesis (假设): shed been programmed!That law professor was one of us, and it confirmed his _27_ that most people respond _28_ to Facebooks prompts (提示) to provide information or contact a friend without reall
34、y thinking much about it. Thats because digital networked technologies are engineering humans to behave like simple stimulus-response machines.Social media plays a tremendous role in modern life. Facebook, LinkedIn and Twitter have become the primary ways of keeping in touch with friends, family, cl
35、assmates and colleagues. To date, _29_, researchers have not fully explored the degree to which these platforms are literally programming human responses. Social media platforms encode a range of social _30_: Facebook notifies us when it is time to wish our friends a happy birthday; LinkedIn prompts
36、 us to congratulate contacts on their work anniversaries. As a result, social interactions are often _31_ to the click of a button.Facebook may increase the number of people to whom we wish a happy birthday with a few clicks of a button; its not as if we remember the birth dates of that high school
37、classmate or distant cousin. But if it becomes _32_ behavior, is it even meaningful? As for people who arent on Facebook or dont post their birth dates publicly, the _33_ they exact over their data comes at a cost: they dont receive scores of well-wishes from far-flung contacts. _34_, its still nice
38、 to be thought of, even if just once a year.Digital platforms are _35_ what it means to be human, and we cant rely on the platforms to police or research ourselves. In the meantime, when your birthday rolls around, enjoy the warm feelings from friends sending their regardsbut remember that they dont
39、 know when your birthday really is any more than you do theirs.21. A. requiringB. recognizingC. indicatingD. summarizing22. A. annoyingB. embarrassingC. frustratingD. exciting23. A. hardlyB. passionatelyC. mistakenlyD. slowly24. A. lackedB. suspendedC. obeyedD. offered25. A. acceptB. avoidC. analyze
40、D. arrange26. A. significantB. definiteC. correctD. fake27. A. doubtB. appointmentC. statementD. plan28. A. cautiouslyB. positivelyC. automaticallyD. aggressively29. A. thusB. howeverC. moreoverD. otherwise30. A. reformsB. problemsC. issuesD. behaviors31. A. adaptedB. reducedC. committedD. admitted3
41、2. A. suspectedB. acceptedC. programmedD. benefited33. A. controlB. judgmentsC. influenceD. skills34. A. In returnB. In additionC. For exampleD. After all35. A. enrichingB. examiningC. shapingD. retaining【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. C【解析
42、】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了随着信息技术的发展，人们发送祝福只需要点击按钮就能进行，虽然你可以享受朋友们送上的温馨问候，但是这种行为已经变得程序化，因此可能你会觉得不是那么的快乐。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是收件箱里面充满了Facebook的通知，它们显示朋友们在他的信息墙上发了消息。A. requiring 需要；B. recognizing 认出，识别；C. indicating表明，显示；D. summarizing总结，概述。根据“friends had posted messages on his wall. ”可知，收件箱里的通知表明了这位法学教授的朋友给他发了消
43、息。故选C项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：被屏蔽的收件箱非常令人讨厌，但真正让他不快的是，他一开始就向Facebook透露了自己的出生日期。A. annoying令人不快的；B. embarrassing 令人尴尬的；C. frustrating 令人沮丧的；D. exciting 令人激动的。由下文的“really upset”可知，他对被屏蔽的收件箱已经不满意了。故选A项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一些人错误地认为，社交网络没有必要遵守隐私法规。A. hardly 几乎不；B. passionately 热情地；C. mistakenly错误地；D. slowly
44、缓慢地。由常识可知，个人的隐私是需要被保护的，所以有些人认为社交媒体没有必要遵守隐私法律，这是错误的看法。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他听从了Facebook 的指示，输入了数据并点击了按钮。A. lacked 缺乏；B. suspended 暂停；C. obeyed遵守；D. offered 提供。根据“entered the data and clicked a button.”可知，面对电子协议，用户没有协商的余地，因此他只能遵守相应的条款。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天后，这位法学教授决定更改他在Facebook个人资料上的出生日期，以避免明年
45、出现同样的情况。A. accept 接受；B. avoid避免；C. analyze 分析；D. arrange整理，安排。根据“A few days later, the law professor decided to change the birth date”可知，为了不让之前使他生气的情况出现，他改变了实际的出生日期，为了避免那样的情况再次发生。故选B项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她怎么会没有意识到那个日期是假的？A. significant 重要的；B. definite 明确的；C. correct正确的；D. fake假的。他的出生日期已经被改变了，那不是真实的出
46、生日期了，选择fake是正确的，这属于同词复现，fake在上面已经出现了。故选D项。27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位法学教授就是我们中的一员，这件事证实了他的怀疑，即大多数人都会无意识地回复Facebook的提示，即他们并没有认真思考过此事就提供信息或联系朋友。A. doubt怀疑，质疑；B. appointment 任命，约会；C. statement 声明；D. plan 计划。前面是这位法学教授的一种质疑，因为在真正的生日那天他已经和亲戚沟通过，那为什么他的亲戚还不知道他改过的生日日期是假的？故选A项。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这位法学教授就是我们中的一员，这也证实了
47、他的怀疑：大多数人都会无意识地回复Facebook的提示，他们并没有认真思考过此事就提供信息或联系朋友。A. cautiously小心地；B. positively积极地；C. automatically无意识地；D. aggressively冒犯地。后面提到很多人没有认真考虑电子提示信息就去联系朋友或者提供信息，这是一种不经过大脑控制的行为。故选C项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，至今为止，研究人员还没有充分探索出这些平台在多大程度上对人类的反应进行了规划。A. thus 因此；B. however 然而；C. moreover 此外；D. otherwise 否则。上文提到：
48、社交媒体在现代生活中发挥着巨大的作用。Facebook、LinkedIn 和Twitter已经成为与朋友、家人、同学和同事保持联系的主要方式。下文提到：至今为止，研究人员还没有充分探索出这些平台在多大程度上对人类的反应进行了规划。看得出上下文是转折关系。故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：社交媒体平台对一系列的社会行为进行编码，例如Facebook会通知我们去祝贺朋友们生日快乐，LinkedIn 会提醒我们祝贺他们的工作周年纪念日。A. reforms 改革；B. problems问题；C. issues 问题，（报刊的）期；D. behaviors 行为。后文是在具体举出社交行为
49、的例子，即Facebook会通知我们去祝贺朋友们生日快乐，LinkedIn 会提醒我们祝贺他们的工作周年纪念日。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果是社交互动常常被简化为按钮的点击。A. adapted改编；B. reduced减少；C. committed承诺；D. admitted承认，允许进入。庆祝别人的生日，只需要点击按钮就可以发送祝福，因此社交互动已经简化为通过点击按钮来进行了，be reduced to：沦为，减少到，简化为。故选B项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是如果它变成了程序化的行为，那它还有意义吗？A. suspected受到怀疑的；B. ac
50、cepted被接受的；C. programmed程序化的；D benefited受益的。根据标题“How Facebook Programmed Our Relatives”人们彼此之间的沟通和联系，是因为电子信息在提示，而不是想起对方，因此只是靠点击按钮来进行沟通和交流，这种行为已经变得程序化。故选C项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于那些没有用Facebook的或者没有公开发布出生日期的人来说，他们对自己数据的控制是要付出代价的：他们失去了很多从遥远的联系人那里得到美好祝福的机会。A. control控制；B. judgments判断； C. influence影响；D. ski
51、lls技巧。对于不使用Facebook的人或者是不公开生日的人而言，这样控制自己的个人数据信息也让自己付出了代价：他们得不到别人的祝福。故选A项。【34题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：毕竟，被想起仍然是很好的，即使只是一年一次。A. In return作为报答；B. In addition另外；C. For example例如；D. After all毕竟。相对于不使用Facebook的人或者是不公开生日的人无法得到别人的祝福而言，这种程序化的行为还是好的，毕竟还有人在想起你。故选D项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：数字平台正在塑造作为人的意义所在，我们不能依靠这些平台来监管或研究自己
52、。A. enriching使富足；B. examining检查；C. shaping塑造；D. retaining保留。下文提到，我们不能依靠数字平台来监管和研究我们自己，否则，人就会处于被社交平台来塑造的境遇中。故选C项。Section BDirections: Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.
53、Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThe purpose of the American court system is to protect the rights of the people. According to American law, if someone is accused of a crime, he or she is considered innocent until the court proves th
54、at the person is guilty. In other words, it is the responsibility of the court to prove that a person is guilty. It is not the responsibility of the person to prove that he or she is innocent.In order to arrest a person, the police have to be reasonable sure that a crime has been committed. The poli
55、ce must give the suspect the reasons why they are arresting him and tell him his rights under the law. Then the police take the suspect to the police station to “book” him. “Booking means that the name of the person and the charges against him are formally listed at the police station.The next step
56、is for the suspect to go before a judge. The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or released. If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court rather than run away - for example, because he owns a house and has a family - he can go
57、free. Otherwise, the suspect must put up bail（保释金）. At this time, too, the judge will appoint a court layer to defend the suspect if he cant afford one.The suspect returns to court a week or two later. A lawyer from the district attorneys office presents a case against the suspect. This is called a
58、hearing. The attorney may present evidence as well as witnesses. The judge at the hearing then decides whether there is enough reason to hold a trial. If the judge decides that there is sufficient evidence to call for a trial, he or she sets a date for the suspect to appear in court to formally plea
59、d guilty（认罪）or not guilty.At the trial, a jury of 12 people listens to the evidence from both attorneys and hears the testimony of the witnesses. Then the jury goes into a private room to consider the evidence and decide whether the defendant is guilty of the crime. If the jury decides that the defe
60、ndant is innocent, he goes free. However, if he is convicted, the judge sets a date for the defendant to appear in court again for sentencing. At this time, the judge tells the convicted（宣判有罪的）person what his punishment will be. The judge may sentence him to prison, order him to pay a fine, or place
61、 him on probation（缓刑）.The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly. However, every step is designed to protect the rights of the people. These individual rights are the basis, or foundation, of the American government.36. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The Ameri
62、can court system requires that a suspect prove that he or she is innocent.B. The US court system is designed to protect the rights of the people.C. Under the American court system, judge decides if a suspect is innocent or guilty.D. The US court system is designed to help the police present a case a
63、gainst the suspect.37. According to the passage, he can go free (para. 3) means _.A. the suspect is free to choose a lawyer to defend himB. the suspect does not have to go to trial because the judge has decided he is innocentC. the suspect will be informed by mail whether he is innocent or notD. the
64、 suspect does not have to wait in jail or pay money until he goes to trial38. What is the purpose of having the suspect pay bail?A. To pay for the judge and the trial.B. To pay for a court lawyer to defend the suspect.C. To ensure that the suspect will return to court.D. To ensure that the suspect w
65、ill appear in prison.39. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. The American justice system sometimes operates slowlyB. The police can arrest a suspect without giving any reasons.C. It is the responsibility of the suspect to prove he is innocent.D. The jury considers
66、the evidence in the court room.【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. A【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了美国的法院制度。【36题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的The purpose of the American court system is to protect the rights of the people.（美国法院制度的目的是保护人民的权利）及最后一段中的The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly. However, every st
67、ep is designed to protect the rights of the people.（美国的司法系统非常复杂，有时运行缓慢。然而，每一步都是为了保护人民的权利）可知，本篇文章主要介绍了美国的法院制度，它的目的是保护人民的权利。故选B。【37题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段中的The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or released. If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will
68、return to court rather than run away - for example, because he owns a house and has a family - he can go free. Otherwise, the suspect must put up bail（保释金）.（法官决定嫌疑犯是应该被关在监狱里还是应该被释放。如果嫌疑人之前没有犯罪记录，法官认为他会回到法庭而不是逃跑例如，因为他有房子和家庭他可以自由。否则，嫌疑人必须提供保释金）可知，he can go free意味着“嫌疑犯不必在监狱里等待，也不必付钱，直到他接受审判”。故选D。【38题详解
69、】推理判断题。根据第三段中的If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court rather than run away - for example, because he owns a house and has a family - he can go free. Otherwise, the suspect must put up bail（保释金）.（如果嫌疑人之前没有犯罪记录，法官认为他会回到法庭而不是逃跑例如，因为他有房子和家庭他可以自由。否则
70、，嫌疑人必须提供保释金）可推知，嫌疑人交保释金是为了确保他能再次回到法庭。故选C。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly.（美国的司法系统非常复杂，有时运行缓慢）可知，美国的司法系统有时运行缓慢。故选A。BWhat is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)?Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most
71、 common childhood disorders and can continue through adolescence and adulthood Symptoms include difficulty staying focused and paying attention, difficulty controlling behavior, and over activity.ADHD has three sub-types:1. Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive Most symptoms (six or more) are in the h
72、yperactivity-impulsivity categories and fewer than six symptoms of inattention are present, although inattention may still be present to some degree.2. Predominantly inattentive The majority of symptoms (six or more) are in the inattention categories and fewer than six symptoms of hyperactivity-impu
73、lsivity are present, although hyperactivity-impulsivity may still be present to some degree.3. Combined hyperactivity-impulsive and inattentive Six or more symptoms of inattention and six or more symptoms of hyperactivity - impulsivity are present. Most children have the combined type of ADHD.Possib
74、le causes:1. Genes. Results from several international studies of twins show that ADHD often runs in families. Researchers are looking at several genes that may make people more likely to develop the disorder. Knowing the genes involved may one day help researchers prevent the disorder before sympto
75、ms develop. Learning about specific genes could also lead to better treatments.2. Environmental factors. Studies suggest a potential link between smoking and alcohol use during pregnancy and ADHD in children. In addition, preschoolers are exposed to high levels of lead may have a higher risk of deve
76、loping ADHD.3. Food additives. Recent British research indicates a possible link between an increase in activity and consumption of certain food additives like artificial colors or preservatives. Research is under way to confirm the findings and to learn more about how food additives may affect hype
77、ractivity.Signs & symptoms:Inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity are the key behaviors of ADHD. To be diagnosed with the disorder, a child must have symptoms for six or more months and to a degree that is greater than other children of the same age.Children who have symptoms of inattentive may:
78、 Be easily distracted, miss details, forget things and frequently switch from one activity to another. Become bored with a task after only a few minutes, unless they are doing something enjoyable. Have difficulty focusing attention on completing a task or learning something new. Not seem to listen w
79、hen spoken to.Children who have symptoms of hyperactivity may: Talk nonstop. Dash around, touching or playing with anything and everything in sight. Have trouble sitting still during dinner school and story time. Have difficulty doing quiet tasks or activities.Children who have symptoms of impulsivi
80、ty may: Be very impatient. Act without regard for consequences. Have difficulty waiting for things they want. Often interrupt conversations or others activities. ADHD can be mistaken for other problemsParents and teachers can miss the fact that children with symptoms of inattention have the disorder
81、 because they are often quiet and less likely to act out. They may get along well with other children, compared with those with the other sub-types, who tend to have social problems. But children with the inattentive kind of ADHD are not the only ones whose disorders can be missed. For example adult
82、s may think that children with the hyperactive and impulsive sub-types just have emotional or disciplinary problems.40. If a kid shows six symptoms of inattention and seven symptoms of hyperactivity -impulsivity, which of the subtypes of ADHD does he belong to?A. Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive.
83、B. Predominantly inattentive.C. Combined hyperactive-impulsive and inattentiveD. It all depends.41. Which of the following causes of ADHD has been confirmed by scientific research?A. Genes.B. Smoking during pregnancy.C. Food additivesD. Exposure to high levels of lead.42. Which of the following is t
84、rue according to the passage?A. Kids who have symptoms of ADHD for more than four months can be diagnosed with ADHD.B. The hyperactive and impulsive sub-types tend to be mistaken for emotional or disciplinary problems.C. One of the symptoms of inattention is that kids become tired of a task easily e
85、ven if they are doing something enjoyable.D. It is claimed that artificial colors and preservatives have nothing to do with ADHD.【答案】40. C 41. A 42. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要阐述了多动症的类型、可能产生的原因以及相关的症状。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据文中小标题“ Combined hyperactivity-impulsive and inattentive(冲动型和注意力不集中综合症)”下“Six or more symptoms
86、of inattention and six or more symptoms of hyperactivity - impulsivity are present.(有六种注意力不集中症状或更多的多动冲动症状存在)”可推知，如果一个孩子表现出六种注意力不集中的症状和七种多动冲动的症状，他属于C项“Combined hyperactive-impulsive and inattentive(冲动型和注意力不集中综合症)”。故选C项。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据文中“Possible causes(可能的原因)”小标题下“Results from several international s
87、tudies of twins show that ADHD often runs in families. Researchers are looking at several genes that may make people more likely to develop the disorder.(几项针对双胞胎的国际研究结果表明，多动症常发生在家族中。研究人员正在研究几种可能使人更容易患上这种疾病的基因)”可知，科学研究已经表明，家族中有更容易患上多动症的基因。因此，根据文章，下列A项“Genes(基因)”已经被科学研究所证实，是多动症产生的原因。故选A项。【42题详解】细节理解题。
88、根据本文最后一段“But children with the inattentive kind of ADHD are not the only ones whose disorders can be missed. For example adults may think that children with the hyperactive and impulsive sub-types just have emotional or disciplinary problems. (但是，患有注意力不集中的多动症的儿童并不是唯一被忽略的疾病。例如，成年人可能会认为多动和冲动子类型的多动症的孩子
89、只是有情绪或纪律问题。)”可知，患有注意力不集中的多动症的儿童常常被忽略，成人误以为这种孩子只是情绪不好或者不遵守纪律。因此，B项“The hyperactive and impulsive sub-types tend to be mistaken for emotional or disciplinary problems.(多动和冲动子类型的多动症往往被误认为是情绪或纪律问题)”是正确的。故选B项。CWhat is the single most effective way to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions? Go vegetarian? Replan
90、t the Amazon? Cycle to work? None of the above. The answer is: make air-conditioners radically better. On one calculation, replacing refrigerants(制冷剂) that damage the atmosphere would reduce total greenhouse gases by the equivalent of 90bn tonnes of CO2 by 2050. Making the units more energy-efficien
91、t could double that.Air-conditioning is one of the worlds great overlooked industries. Automobiles and air-conditioners were invented at roughly the same time, and both have had a huge impact on where people live and work. Unlike cars, though, air-conditioners have drawn little criticism for their s
92、ocial impact, emissions or energy efficiency. Most hot countries do not have rules to govern their energy use.Yet air-conditioning has done quite a lot things to benefit humankind. It has transformed productivity in the tropics and helped turn southern China into the workshop of the world. In Europe
93、, its spread has pushed down heat-related deaths ten times less than what it was in 2003, when 70,000 people, most of them elderly, died in a heatwave. For children, air-conditioned classrooms and dormitories are associated with better grades at school.Environmentalists who call air-conditioning “a
94、luxury we cannot afford” have half a point, however. In the next ten years, as many air-conditioners will be installed around the world as were put in between 1902 (when air-conditioning was invented) and 2005. Until energy can be produced without carbon emissions, these extra machines will warm the
95、 world. At the moment, therefore, air-conditioners create a vicious cycle. The more the earth warms, the more people need them. But the more there are, the warmer the world will be.Cutting the impact of cooling requires three things (beyond turning up the thermostat(温度调节器) to make rooms less Arctic)
96、. First, air-conditioners must become much more efficient. The most energy-efficient models on the market today consume only about one-third as much electricity as average ones. Minimum energy-performance standards need to be raised, or introduced in countries that lack them altogether, to push the
97、average units performance closer to the standard of the best.Next, manufacturers should stop using damaging refrigerants. One category of these, hydrofluorocarbons, is over 1,000 times worse than carbon dioxide when it comes to trapping heat in the atmosphere. An international deal to phase out thes
98、e pollutants, called the Kigali amendment, will come into force in 2019. Foot-draggers should approve and implement it; America is one country that has not done so.Last, more could be done to design offices, malls and even cities so they do not need as many air-conditioners in the first place. More
99、buildings should be built with overhanging roofs or balconies for shade, or with natural air-circulation. Simply painting roofs white can help keep temperatures down.Better machines are necessary. But cooling as an overall system needs to be improved if air-conditioning is to fulfil its promise to m
100、ake people healthier, wealthier and wiser, without too high an environmental cost. Providing indoor sanctuaries of air-conditioned comfort need not come at the expense of an overheating world.43. Why does the author think air-conditioning is an overlooked industry？A. Because many hot countries haven
101、t put the energy-controlling rules into force.B. Because it has caused the same impact on peoples life and work as automobiles have.C. Because it has brought great economic, physical, and educational benefits to humans.D. Because it doesnt get the due criticism for its environmental impact as automo
102、biles do.44. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?A. The price of air-conditioning will go up due to the large demand for it.B. A high environmental cost will come along with the air-conditioning service.C. Environmentalists are expecting extra machines which can warm the world.D. Governments partiall
103、y agree that air-conditioning is a luxury we cannot afford.45. With regard to the measures to cut the impact of cooling, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Manufacturers should only stop using hydrofluorocarbons.B. People should avoid turning up the air-conditioners to have cool rooms on h
104、ot days.C. People should adopt more environmentally-friendly materials when designing buildings.D. Governments should give a green light to the agreement on eliminating the pollutants.46. The author writes this passage to _.A. arouse peoples attention to the global warming.B. appeal for the global j
105、oint efforts to combat global warming.C. give credit to air-conditioning for its great contributions to humansD. offer a new perspective on how to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions【答案】43. D 44. B 45. C 46. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。作者写这篇文章对如何减少温室气体排放提供一个新的视角。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Air-conditioning is one of th
106、e worlds great overlooked industries. Automobiles and air-conditioners were invented at roughly the same time, and both have had a huge impact on where people live and work. Unlike cars, though, air-conditioners have drawn little criticism for their social impact, emissions or energy efficiency.可知，作
107、者认为空调是一个被忽视的行业是因为它不像汽车那样受到应有的环境影响的批评。故选D。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中The more the earth warms, the more people need them. But the more there are, the warmer the world will be.可知，我们可以从第四段了解到空调服务将带来很高的环境成本。故选B。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据第七段中More buildings should be built with overhanging roofs or balconies for shade, or w
108、ith natural air-circulation. Simply painting roofs white can help keep temperatures down.可知，人们在设计建筑时应该采用更环保的材料。故选C。【46题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章内容，尤其是第一段中The answer is: make air-conditioners radically better. On one calculation, replacing refrigerants(制冷剂) that damage the atmosphere would reduce total greenhous
109、e gases by the equivalent of 90bn tonnes of CO2 by 2050. Making the units more energy-efficient could double that.可知，作者写这篇文章主要内容是对如何减少温室气体排放提供一个新的视角。故选D。【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。根据第一段中The ans
110、wer is: make air-conditioners radically better. On one calculation, replacing refrigerants(制冷剂) that damage the atmosphere would reduce total greenhouse gases by the equivalent of 90bn tonnes of CO2 by 2050. Making the units more energy-efficient could double that.可知，作者写这篇文章是为了对如何减少温室气体排放提供一个新的视角。故选
111、D。Section CDirections: Read the following passage Fill in the each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The problem of robocalls has become so severe that many people now refuse to pick up calls from
112、numbers they dont know. By next year, half of the calls we receive will be scams（欺诈）. We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, its too little, too late.
113、 By the time these “solutions” become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. _47_ Soon you will also question whether the voice youre hearing is actually real.Thats because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation and automation technologies that are about to become
114、 widely available for anyone to use. At this years I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to receptionist and book a reservation without detection._48_ The reason that robocalls are a headache has less
115、to do with amount than precision. A decade of data breaches（数据侵入）of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mothers name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, theyre able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means, for exampl
116、e, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank tellers, tricking you into “confirming” your address, mothers name, and cark number. Scammers follow money, so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business
117、is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. _49_.We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. _50_ That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by, or abandoning phon
118、e calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications - using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.A. Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gra
119、dually.B. There are many challenges in robotics that need to be addressed in order to solve the voice manipulation and assembly problems.C. In the near future, its not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt.D. Its high time that the government should spare no effort
120、 to tackle the problem immediately. E. Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real. F. Those developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse. 【答案】47. C 48. AC 49. A 50. AB【解析】本文是说明文。文章指出语音操作于自动化技术的出现，使得机
121、器人电话可以以假乱真，欺诈现象更加严重，解决这个问题需要电话运营商和消费者共同努力。【47题详解】根据下文Soon you will also question whether the voice youre hearing is actually real.（很快你也会质疑你听到的声音是否是真的）可知，C项In the near future, its not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt.（在不久的将来，不仅仅是出现在你的手机屏幕上的电话号码令人怀疑），符合文意。其中also
122、是解题关键。故选C。【48题详解】根据上文At this years I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to receptionist and book a reservation without detection.（在今年的I/O大会上，一家公司展示了一种新的语音技术，这种技术能够产生如此令人信服的人声，以至于它能够在不被察觉的情况下与接待员通话并预订房
123、间）可知，技术的发展会让自动电话问题变得更糟。AC项Those developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse.（那些发展可能会使我们目前的自动电话问题变得更糟），符合文意。故选AC。【49题详解】根据上文A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships.（许多业务仍然是通过电话完成的，其中许多是基于信任和现有的关系）可知
124、，骗子使用语音操纵技术进行行骗，会削弱人与人之间的信任关系。A项Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.（语音操纵技术可能会逐渐削弱这一点），符合文意。故选A。【50题详解】根据下文That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by, or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards
125、data-based communications - using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.（这可能意味着，要么开发一种统一的方式来标记视频和图像，显示它们是何时、由谁制作的，要么完全放弃电话，转向基于数据的通信使用FaceTime或WhatsApp等可以与你的身份绑定的应用程序）可知，解决电信网络的不安全问题需要电话运营商和消费者需要共同努力。AB项Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of d
126、etermining and communicating what is real.（电话运营商和消费者需要共同努力，找到确定和沟通什么是真实的方法），符合文意。故选AB。. Summary Writing51. Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Food is life. We eat
127、it to grow, stay healthy and have the energy to do everyday activities. The food we consume makes all of these things possible, but not all food is created equal. Studies have shown, for example, that children who eat a nutritious breakfast do better in school than those with a poor diet. The well-f
128、ed child is able to pay attention longer, remember more, and participate more actively in class. The findings, then, are clear. Because our food choices affect our health and behavior, we must do more than just eat; we must eat well. For many people today, though, making healthy food choices is not
129、easy.We are surrounded by information telling us whats good for us and what isnt, but usually this information is more confusing than helpful. In fact different research about the same food often produces contradictory results. In previous research on eggs, people were encouraged to limit or complet
130、ely eliminate eggs from their diets to prevent dangerous diseases. Recent studies say eggs are good for you. Its hard to know who to believe.Shopping for food can also be challenging, During a visit to supermarket, we often need to make many different choices. Should you buy this cereal or that one?
131、 Regular or fat-free milk? Tofu o chicken? Its hard to know which to choose, especially when two items are very similar. Many shoppers read product labels to help them decide. Indeed, many food labels are often misleading.Making healthy food choices and eating well do not have to be difficult. Doing
132、 simple things can result in a better diet and a healthier you. Urban gardening, which is becoming popular again is one such thing. On small pieces of land, neighbors are working together to grow fruit and vegetables. What are the benefits of these gardens? People have access to more fresh fruit and
133、 vegetables especially poorer people who are less likely to spend money on these items. The food also cost less than it would in a supermarket. There are other benefits, too. Working together in the garden helps people to exercise. Urban gardens have also been used to teach children about food produ
134、ction and healthy eating.【答案】Possible 1:Food choices can influence our behavior and health and many people cant make healthy choices easily today. Sometimes, information around us may wrong, it can confuse us. Besides, some food labels in supermarket are often misleading and helpless to shoppers. No
135、wadays, urban gardening is a better and healthy choice for people and food in urban gardens costs less.Possible 2:Food is important to people. Our food choices affect our health and behavior, but its hard to make healthy food choices. Foods information telling us whats good for us and what isnt is m
136、ore confusing than helpful. Because of misleading food lables, shopping for food is difficult, too. Urban gardening, which has benefits to health, is a good way to making healthy food choices.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是概述写作。【详解】这是一篇说明文，文章说明了食物的选择可以影响我们的行为和健康，今天许多人不能轻易地做出健康的选择。如今，都市花园对人们来说是一个更好、更健康的选择，而且城都市花园的食物
137、成本更低。（1）确定体裁，本文是说明文。明确主题（Food choices ）及结构。（2）划主题句，找关键信息。这篇概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。本文各段主题句是：1. For many people today, though, making healthy food choices is not easy.2. We are surrounded by information telling us whats good for us and what isnt, but usually this information is more confusi
138、ng than helpful.3. Indeed, many food labels are often misleading.4. Making healthy food choices and eating well do not have to be difficult.5. Making healthy food choices and eating well do not have to be difficult. Doing simple things can result in a better diet and a healthier you. Urban gardening
139、, which is becoming popular again is one such thing. (3)改写。注意要点之间的衍接，要用适当的关联词语要通全文。(4)计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。从范文中可以看出作者对原文要点的理解正确并呈现完整；应用语法结构和词汇准确；上下文连贯；要点表达独立；完全使用了自己的语言，语法结构准确，词汇应用丰富；所写内容与所提供内容密切相关，无文章原句。【点睛】高分句型1 Foods information telling us whats good for us and what isnt is more confusing than helpf
140、ul.非谓语动词和主语从句。高分句型2 Urban gardening, which has benefits to health, is a good way to making healthy food choices.which引导非限制性定语从句。. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.52. 和那些没有羞耻感的人讲道理毫无用处。(use)（汉译英）【答案】Its no use trying to reas
141、on with people who have no shame.【解析】【详解】考查固定句式及短语。Its no use doing意为：做某事没有用，try to do意为：尽力做某事， reason with sb.意为：与某人理论；（用道理）劝说，have no shame意为：没有羞耻心；厚颜无耻，分析汉语意思可知“没有羞耻感”修饰“人（people）”，此处泛指没有羞耻感的人，用复数形式，people单复数同形，此处用一个定语从句修饰people，根据主谓一致可知从句翻译为“who have no shame”，整句描述一个事实道理，用一般现在时态。综上所述可知答案为：Its no
142、 use trying to reason with people who have no shame。53. 下次面临挑战时，务必为自己设立明确的目标。(ensure) （汉译英）【答案】The next time you face a challenge, ensure that you set clear goals for yourself.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查短语，时态，状语从句和祈使句。face a challenge 面对挑战，set clear goals 设立明确的目标，the next time 下一次.的时候；根据句意可知，从句为时间状语从句，由the next
143、time引导； 主句用祈使句，ensure that.，“确保.”；再根据句意，本句用一般现在时。故翻译为The next time you face a challenge, ensure that you set clear goals for yourself。【点睛】54. 应该关注女孩的个性发展方式往往与男孩不尽相同这个现象。(as) （汉译英）【答案】Attention should be paid to the phenomenon that girls personality development, as is often different from that of boy
144、s.【解析】【详解】考查被动语态、非限制性定语从句和固定短语。分析句子可知，本句为复合句，从句为as引导的非限制性定语从句，as指代先行词personality development在从句中作主语；主句被动语态，attention（注意力）作句子的主语，结合句意时态为一般现在时；再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：Attention should be paid to the phenomenon that girls personality development, as is often different from that of boys.55. 他一到美国就发现很难适应那里的生活，所以半
145、年后就回到了日夜想念的家乡。(No sooner.) （汉译英）【答案】No sooner had he arrived in the United States than he found it difficult to adjust to life there, so after six months, he returned to his hometown, which he missed day and night.【解析】【详解】考查固定短语、固定句式、形式宾语、状语从句和定语从句。根据句意确定关键短语：adjust to 适应，return to回到；根据提示词可知，使用固定句式：
146、no sooner.than.一就，no sooner 置于句首，应用部分倒装（be动词/助动词/情态动词放到主语的前面）；no sooner后的时态应用过去完成时，than后的时态应为一般过去时，同时用it做形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式，然后用so引导结果状语从句，也用一般过去时，最后用which引导非限定性定语从句，指代先行词hometown并在从句中作missed的宾语，结合句意，答案为：No sooner had he arrived in the United States than he found it difficult to adjust to life there,
147、so after six months, he returned to his hometown, which he missed day and night. Guided Writing56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学的李华，你校外籍教师Michael将在文化周期间做个关于西方艺术的讲座，现就讲座内容征求你校学生意见。请给Michael写一封电子邮件，邮件必须包括以下内容：1.
148、你喜欢的讲座话题（从音乐，美术，舞蹈，戏剧中任选其一）；2. 选择该话题的原因及关于该话题你感兴趣的内容；3. 希望从中何有收获。【答案】Dear Michael,I am Li Hua, a student firom Class one, Grade three. I am very glad to hear that you will give us a lecture on the western art during the cultural week that will be held next week.I am very interested in western litera
149、ture and art, I do hope the lecture is about western drama. In my opinion, drama is the perfect combination of literature and art. As is known to all, a lot of famous literary classics are represented in a drama, such as the giant Shakespeares “Hamlet, Othello”，“King Lear” and “Macbeth”, all of whic
150、h are excellent drama works. Although I have some knowledge of drama, I still want to have a deep understanding of it. In view of this reason, I hope you can give me a detailed explanation of the history of drama, including its origin,development and evolution. I am looking forward to your excellent
151、 lecture. Yours, Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件给你校外籍教师Michael，他将在文化周期间做个关于西方艺术的讲座，在信中请求他讲你感兴趣的话题。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 你喜欢的讲座话题（从音乐，美术，舞蹈，戏剧中任选其一）；2. 选择该话题的原因及关于该话题你感兴趣的内容；3. 希望从中何有收获。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）be glad to; be interested in; in ones
152、opinion; excellent; have a deep understanding of; detailed;look forward to 第三步：连词成句1. I am very glad to hear that you will give us a lecture on the western art during the cultural week that will be held next week.2. I am very interested in western literature and art, I do hope the lecture is about w
153、estern drama.3.In my opinion, drama is the perfect combination of literature and art.4.As is known to all a lot of famous literary classics are represented in a drama, such as the giant Shakespeares “Hamlet, Othello”，“King Lear” and “Macbeth”, all of which are excellent drama works.5.Although I have
154、 some knowledge of drama, I still want to have a deep understanding of it.6.In view of this reason, I hope you can give me a detailed explanation of the history of drama, including its origin,development and evolution. 7.I am looking forward to your excellent lecture.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四
155、步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second And then, Finally, In the end, At last2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not onlybut (also), including,3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On t
156、he one hand,On the other hand Some,while others,as for, sothat 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：As is known to all, a lot of famous literary classics are represented in a drama, such as the giant Shakespeares “Hamlet, Othello”，“King Lear” and “Macbeth”, all of which are excellent drama works.这句话运用了关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句；使用了一些固定词组，如be glad to; be interested in; look forward to等。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。