1、上海市浦东新区复旦附中2019-2020学年高一英语下学期阶段测试试题（含解析）.Listening Comprehension (20 points)Section A Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the ques
2、tions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Spend more time working on chemistry problems. B. Talk to his advisor about dropping the
3、 course.C. Work on the assignment with a classmate.D. Ask graduate assistants for help.2. A. Go home to get the washing. B. Send dirty clothes to the laundry.C. Pick up the washing. D. Remind the woman to hurry up.3. A. The woman could use his calculator. B. Hell finish the adding up for the woman.C
4、. The womans calculator is better than his. D. Hes faster at adding numbers up than the woman.4. A. The final will begin next week. B. The man should talk with his doctor again.C. She hopes the man will be able to play in the final.D. She wants the man to watch the soccer game with her.5. A. The adv
5、isor will approve of the mans class schedule. B. The advisor is not easy to make an appointment with.C. The man should work harder next semester.D. The man should work harder next semester.D. The man should go to see his advisor.6. A. An educational policy. B. An economic issue.C. A heated debate. D
6、. A famous economist.7. A. The former is more valued than the latter.B. Views on them vary from person to person.C. The former is less valued than the latter.D. Neither of them should be valued so much.8. A. Disappointed. B. Puzzled C. Astonished. D. Relieved.9. A. Why the woman took up this job. B.
7、 Why there are ice-cream tasting schools. C. How the man went into the ice-cream business. D. How it feels to work as an ice-cream taster.10. A. They can go to the theatre on foot. B. The theatre is on the other side of the town.C. This town is big enough to walk around. D. Everything in the town is
8、 worth visiting.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and you will be asked to questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and deci
9、de which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A doctor. B. A model. C. A TV host. D. A magazine editor.12. A. Kirsty is going to develop an eating disorder. B. Teen programs talk a lot about appearance.C. Being
10、thin is a common trend. D. Magazines are informative.13. A. How to develop a healthy diet. B. Whether the media are a bad influence.C. How to follow famous peoples lifestyles. D. Whether your appearance should matter or not.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Peary wasn
11、t an experienced explorer. B He had reached the pole before Peary did.C. Peary had announced his success too late. D. Pearys exploration wasnt thoroughly investigated.15. A. They interviewed Peary himself. B. They examined the tools that Peary used.C. They talked to one of Pearys companions. D. They
12、 conducted a computer analysis of his photographs.16. A. Exploration of space. B. Doctor Cooks exploration.C. Exploration of the South Pole. D. The Navigation Foundations conclusions.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear a longer conversation. The conversation will be read twice. After yo
13、u hear the conversation, you are required to answer the following questions.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. A biologist. B. A psychologist. C. An artist. D. A reporter.18. A. Talents play a role in childrens overall development.B. Typical parental involvement i
14、s not as important as thought.C. Arts training will improve childrens performance in other subjects.D. Children need to be assigned to different groups according to their ability.19. A. Its subjects were young children.B. It showed what skill is essential to maths.C. It illustrated why abstract reas
15、oning is important.D. Its results helped explain why parents turn to arts education.20. A. By helping activate childrens brains. B. By helping raise educators awareness.C. By helping children learn how to learn. D. By helping scientists find a rich environment. Multiple Choice. (20 points)1.Rafael N
16、adal is a tennis champion equipped with a big heart, to win and resolution to defeat all his opponents.A. persuasionB. determinationC. fascinationD. accumulation【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：拉斐尔纳达尔是网球冠军，他胸怀大志，决心要胜利，并有决心击败所有对手。A. persuasion说服；B. determination决心；C. fascination迷恋；D. accumulation积累。这三个词（说服、迷
17、恋、积累）不合乎句意的需要，网球冠军具备的是获胜的决心，选择determination合乎句意。故选B。2.The winners of Chinas Got Talent are planning to a talent-show around the world next month.A. carry on voyageB. carry out tourC. complete tripD. fulfill journey【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词及动词（短语）辨析。句意：中国达人奖得主计划下个月在世界各地进行才艺展示之旅。A. carry on进行，voyage航行；B. carr
18、y out进行，tour游览； C. complete完成，trip 旅行；D. fulfill实现， journey旅程。此题考查词语搭配的使用。tour 指最后返回出发地，旅途中有停留在游览点，距离可长可短，目的各异的周游或巡行。结合句意的需要，B项（carry out a tour：巡回演出）合乎语意。故选B。【点睛】journey：最普通用词，侧重指时间较长、距离较远的单程陆上旅行，也指水上或空中的旅行。tour：指最后返回出发地，旅途中有停留在游览点，距离可长可短，目的各异的周游或巡行。trip：普通用词，口语多用，常指为公务或游玩作的较短暂回的旅行。voyage：指在水上旅行，尤指
19、海上旅行，也可指空中旅行。结合句意的需要，中国达人奖得主计划下个月在世界各地进行才艺展示之旅，这符合tour的词义，因此B项（carry out a tour：巡回演出）合乎语意。故选B。3.The captain and were accused of abandoning passengers in South Korea ferry disaster.A. membersB. crewC. partnersD. team【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：机长和船员被指控在韩国轮渡灾难中遗弃乘客。A. members成员；B. crew船员；C. partners伙
20、伴；D. team团队。船只发生事故，因此受到指控抛弃乘客的是船长和船员。故选B。4.Chichester covered anyone had previously sailed alone.A. more than twice the distanceB. more than twice longerC. over twice longer the distance asD. as over twice long as【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查倍数表达法。句意：Chichester的航行距离是任何人以前独自航行的两倍多。A项的“倍数加计量名词”是倍数表达法的一种形式，distance后
21、面是一个定语从句，修饰限制先行词distance，其他结构均不正确。故选A。【点睛】英语倍数表达法的常见形式1.A + be + 倍数 + as + 计量形容词原级 + as + BThis tree is three times as tall as that one. 这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。His father is twice as old as he. 他父亲的年纪有他两倍大。2.A + be + 倍数 + 计量形容词比较级 + than + B The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.长江差不多比珠
22、江长两倍。The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one.这本字典比那本恰好贵5倍。3.A + be + 倍数 + the + 计量名词 + of + B The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one.新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。4.The + 计量名词 + of + A + be + 倍数 + that + of + B The size of the newly broadened square is four
23、 times that of the previous one.新扩建的广场为以前的四倍大。本题考查的是上述第三种情况。A项的“倍数加计量名词”是倍数表达法的一种形式，distance后面是一个定语从句，修饰限制先行词distance，其他结构均不正确。故选A。5.Steve Jobs was fired by the person he had hired and trusted the fact he was the one who co-established the company.A. despite whichB. regardless thatC. in spite of tha
24、tD. against in which【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查介词及同位语从句的引导词。句意：乔布斯被他雇用和信任的人从苹果公司解雇，尽管他是公司的合伙人。A. despite即使，尽管；B. regardless不管，不顾；C. in spite of尽管；不管，不顾；D. against反对。regardless 需与of连用，因此B项错误；against的意义不符合句意的需要，因此D项错误；despite 和in spite of都可以使用。分析句子结构可知，第二个空格后的句子的成分和语意都是完整的，这里需要填入that引导同位语从句，解释说明名词fact，因此A项的which错
25、误。故选C。6.The parents attempted to marrying the boy, though motivated but without a handsome pay, a decent car or a respectable apartment.A. encourage their daughter fromB. discourage their daughter intoC. dissuade their daughter intoD. persuade their daughter out of【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词短语。句意：父母试图说服女儿不要嫁给
26、那个男孩，尽管他很有志向，但是却没有丰厚的薪水，像样的汽车或体面的公寓。A项的搭配是错误的；discourage sb from doing：阻止某人做某事，因此B项错误；dissuadesbfromdoing劝某人不做某事，因此C项错误；persuade sb out of sth：说服某人不做某事。因为男孩没有丰厚的薪水，像样的汽车或体面的公寓，因此父母试图说服女儿不要嫁给那个男孩。故选D。7.So that the boat almost .A. tough the sea became turned downB. rough did the sea become turned over
27、C. rough the sea became turned overD. tough did the sea become turned down【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查倒装句及形容词词义和动词短语含义辨析。句意：大海变得如此不平静，船几乎要翻掉。“so+形容词”位于句首时，其后的主句使用部分倒装的语序（一般疑问句的语序），that后面的句子使用自然语序。tough：艰难的，艰苦的；turn down：拒绝，调低音量，它们不合句意。rough：粗糙的，猛烈的， 高低不平的；turn over：（使） 翻转，（使） 颠倒，（使）倾覆。 C项没有使用部分倒装的语序。故选B。8.Af
28、ter around Cape Horn, Chichester sent the message of victory to London.A. succeeding in sailingB. successfully sailedC. succeeded in sailingD. being successfully sailed【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词及固定短语。句意：在绕Cape Horn航行成功后， Chichester向伦敦发出了胜利的信息。句中逻辑主语Chichester与动词之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。D项的动名词被动形式being sailed是错误
29、的，因为句子逻辑主语发出sail的动作。succeed in doing sth成功做某事。故选A。9.Although the boss appears to wear a smile most of the time, his smile is by no means sincere or genuine, instead, it could be somewhat and hostile at times.A. hospitableB. friendlyC. toughD. sinister【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管老板似乎大多数时候都带着微笑，但他的微笑并
30、不是什么时候都是真诚可信赖的，反而有时会有些险恶和敌意。A. hospitable热情好客的；B. friendly友善的；C. tough艰难的，艰苦的；D. sinister险恶的。由and可知，此处选择与hostile词义接近的词语。故选D。10.With much work that remains to be completed, the manager found their project .A. more than satisfyingB. not at all satisfiedC. far from satisfactoryD. with more satisfaction
31、 than not【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查固定短语及形容词作宾语补足语。句意：由于还有许多工作要做，经理发现他们的项目工作远远不能令人满意。A. more than satisfying非常令人满意的，此时的more than 相当于very；B. not at all satisfied；根本不满意的；C. far from satisfactory；远不令人满意的；D项的表达不正确。more than：超过，非常；not at all：根本不；far from：远不。结合语境，因为还有许多工作要做，因此经理认为他们的项目工作远远不能令人满意。satisfying 和 satisfac
32、tory：令人满意的，用于修饰事物；satisfied：感到满意的，用于修饰人，此处修饰project应该使用satisfying 或 satisfactory。综上分析，C项正确。故选C。11.My friends thought “I had lost my mind”, which means they thought .A. I was very much depressedB. I had lost my heartC. I was in severe lack of confidenceD. I had been mad and crazy【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查同义句转换。
33、句意：我的朋友们认为“我疯了”，这意味着他们认为我疯了。A. I was very much depressed我非常沮丧；B. I had lost my heart 我迷失了方向；C. I was in severe lack of confidence我严重缺乏信心；D. I had been mad and crazy我一直在发疯。此处考查对句意的理解，lose ones mind失去理智。因此D项能够解释双引号内的句子。故选D。12.When challenges and setbacks, he remains , brave and firm.A. faced with hesi
34、tantB. facing resoluteC. in face of indecisiveD. facing with determined【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和形容词词义辨析。句意：面对挑战和挫折时，他仍然坚决，勇敢和坚定。A. faced with面对，hesitant犹豫的； B. facing面对，resolute坚决的；C. in face of面对， indecisive优柔寡断的；D. facing with面对，determined坚定的。结合选项可知，when引导的状语从句完整形式为：when he is faced with/ when he is fa
35、cing/ when he is in face of，可以省略其中的he is。第二个空应使用与brave和firm词义相近的词语resolute或determined，但是D项的facing with 是错误的。故选B。13.The stormy and treacherous weather difficulty and uncertainty in the search for the missing passengers.A. added toB. added up toC. added upD. added【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词（短语）辨析。句意：暴风骤雨的天气增加了寻
36、找失踪乘客的难度和不确定性。A. added to 增加；B. added up to 合计是多少； C. added up 把加起来； D. added 增加。add作“加，增加”解时，既可作及物动词，又可用作不及物动词；作“又说，补充说”解时，与直接或间接引语连用。如：If the tea is too strong, add some more hot water. 如果茶太浓了，再加点开水。After a short while, he added that he would try his best. 过了一会儿，他又接着说他会尽力。At last his mother added
37、he must be more careful next time. 最后他母亲又说下次他必须更加小心。add to意为“增添，增加，增进”。如：The bad weather added to our difficulties. 恶劣的天气增加了我们的困难。He did nothing but add to our trouble. 他什么也没做，只是增加了我们的麻烦。结合上述分析，本题选择added to。故选A。14.Marathon is intended to put the athletes to a challenging test of and willpower.A. ins
38、istenceB. enduranceC. preservationD. bravery【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：马拉松旨在使运动员经受耐力和意志力的挑战性考验。A. insistence 坚持； B. endurance耐力；C. preservation保存，保护，维护；D. bravery勇敢。由and可知，此处应使用与willpower（意志力）词义相近的词语endurance。故选B。15.The devoted and determined single mother brought up her five children single-handed. W
39、hich of the following is Wrong?A. without others assistanceB. independent of others helpC. completely of her ownD. all by herself【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查同义转换。句意：坚定的单身母亲抚养着她的五个孩子。 以下哪项同义转换是错误的？A. without others assistance没有他人的帮助；B. independent of others help不依靠他人的帮助；C. completely of her own完全属于她自己的；D. all by
40、herself完全靠自己。of her own属于她自己的，这不合乎原句的表达。故选C。16.Not until Unit One of College English on learning strategies the importance of distinguishing active vocabulary from passive ones in vocabulary accumulation.A. did he learn he realizedB. he learned did he realizeC. had he learned did he realizeD. he lea
41、rned didnt he realize【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查倒装句。句意：直到他学习了大学英语学习策略的第一单元后，他才意识到在词汇积累中区分主动词汇和被动词汇的重要性。not until位于句首时，其后面的从句不需要使用倒装语序，主句要使用部分倒装语序，两个空格处的时态均为一般过去时。故选B。17.Only when he conquered his inner fear a newfound sense of accomplishment and self-confidence.A. did he gainB. he had gainedC. he gainedD. has h
42、e gained【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查倒装句。句意：只有克服了内心的恐惧，他才获得新的成就感和自信心。only when引导的时间状语从句位于句首，主句需要使用部分倒装语序（一般疑问句的语序）。由conquered可知，主句的时态使用一般过去时，在部分倒装中使用的助动词是did。故选A。【点睛】当“only状语”位于句首时，其后习惯上要用部分倒装。其中，only后的状语可以是副词、介词短语、从句等。例如：Only in this way can we learn English. 只有这样才能学会英语。Only then did I understand what she meant.
43、 只有到那时我才明白她的意思。Only by shouting was he able to make himself heard. 他只有叫喊才能让别人听到他。注意，在only后作状语的是从句时，从句不要用倒装，要部分倒装的是主句。如：Only when it rains do people feel cool. 只有下雨时人们才觉得凉爽一点。Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。Only when we landed did we see how badly the pla
44、ne had been damaged. 我们只是在着陆之后才看到飞机损坏的严重程度。本题考查倒装句。句意：只有克服了内心的恐惧，他才获得新的成就感和自信心。only when引导的时间状语从句位于句首，主句需要使用部分倒装语序（一般疑问句的语序）。由conquered可知，主句的时态使用一般过去时，在部分倒装中使用的助动词是did。故选A。18.I learned that Francis Chichester was knighted by Queen Elizabeth .Yes, so and so .A. he was was Sir Francis DrakeB. was he S
45、ir Francis Drake wasC. he did the same with Sir Francis DrakeD. he was Sir Francis Drake was the same【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查倒装句。句意：我得知弗朗西斯奇切斯特被伊丽莎白二世女王封为爵士。是的，弗朗西斯德雷克爵士也是如此。and前的情况：so位于句首时，表示对某人所提到的情况予以肯定时，此时不需要使用部分倒装的语序；and后的情况：so位于句首时，表示某人、某事或某情况与前面所提到的相同时，此时使用部分倒装的语序。故选A。【点睛】so位于句首时，表示对某人所提到的情况予以肯定时，此时不需
46、要使用部分倒装的语序。例如：As far as I know, you love traveling very much.So I do. 据我所知，你特别喜欢旅行。是的，我的确很喜欢；so位于句首时，表示某人、某事或某情况与前面所提到的相同，时此时使用部分倒装的语序。例如：She is Professor Lis neighbor, so am I. 她是李教授的邻居，我也是。注意比较和区别So do I ；So I do；I do so：My father likes music; so do I. （部分倒装句型）我爸爸喜欢音乐，我也一样。My teacher hopes that I
47、write an English composition every day and I do so.老师希望我每天写一篇英语作文，我就按老师说的去做。本题考查倒装句。句意：我得知弗朗西斯奇切斯特被伊丽莎白二世女王封为爵士。是的，弗朗西斯德雷克爵士也是如此。and前的情况：so位于句首时，表示对某人所提到的情况予以肯定时，此时不需要使用部分倒装的语序；and后的情况：so位于句首时，表示某人、某事或某情况与前面所提到的相同时，此时使用部分倒装的语序。故选A19.No sooner a shelter it began to pour.A. we found thanB. had we foun
48、d whenC. had we found thanD. we found when【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查倒装句。句意：我们刚找到避雨的地方便开始下雨。“no sooner +部分倒装句+than+句子”表示“一就”，引导时间状语从句，前面的主句通常用过去完成时, 后面的从句通常用一般过去时。如：No sooner had he gone to bed than the telephone rang once more. 他刚要去睡觉电话又响起来了。故选C。20.Out to the finishing line! And here !A. he dashes comes our ch
49、ampion and heroB. dashes he our champion and hero comeC. he dashes come our champion and heroD. dashes he comes our champion and hero【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查倒装句和主谓一致。句意：他冲到了终点线！我们的冠军和英雄来了。该题考查完全倒装。当表示地点、方向、方位的单个副词（如away，in，out，off ，here ，there 等。）放在句首时，其后的句子要用完全倒装的语序，即动词在主语之前，但主语是人称代词时不适应该倒装。结合句意可知，此处的champi
50、on和hero是同一个人即题中的“he”，因此come在一般现在时态中要使用单数形式。故选A。【点睛】该题考查完全倒装。当表示地点、方向、方位的单个副词（如away，in，out，off，here，there 等。）放在句首时，其后的句子要用完全倒装的语序。副词后面的不及物动词往往表示“动态”，而且这个副词与动词的动作有关，表示其地点、方向和方位。人称代词是主语时不适应该倒装并且该倒装一般不用进行时态。即便是进行的动作，我们也要用一般时态表示。它的基本格式：In (Out, Down, Up, Over, Away, Off, Back) + come/go/rush/run/walk等“动态
51、动词” +主语。例如：The door opened and in came our headmaster. 门开了，我们的校长进来了。Away ran the prisoner. 犯人逃跑了。Out rushed the children. 孩子们冲了出去。结合句意可知，此处的champion和hero是同一个人即题中的“he”，因此come在一般现在时态中要使用单数形式。故选A。. Grammar and Vocabulary (20 points)Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blank
52、s to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Over-dried EarthThe south-west of the United States, together with some parts of Mexico
53、across the Rio Grande, is one of the driest parts of the North American continent. But, over the past two decades, even that expected dryness _21_ (take) to the limit. According to Park Williams, who works at Columbia Universitys Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, the current lack of rainfall in the
54、area constitutes a megadrought of a severity _22_(see) on only four other occasions in the past 1,200 years.Dr Williams studies the annual growth rings of 1,586 ancient trees, in order to reconstruct soil-moisture patterns going back to 800 A.D. During warm, wet years trees grow fast, producing wide
55、 rings. During cold, dry _23_ they grow more slowly, producing narrow rings. During a drought, a tree _24_ not grow much at all._25_they describe in this weeks Science, the team identified dozens of droughts over the centuries in question. But four stood out. They then took the average soil-moisture
56、 value for the current drought and compared it with sequential（连续的） 19-year averages with the previous four, one of them _26_(last) nearly a century. This showed that the region is already drier than it was during the first three of the previous megadroughts, and is equivalent to the event of 1575-1
57、603.In a world _27_ human actions are driving temperatures up, Dr Parker and his colleagues wondered how much people are _28_(blame) for this state of affairs. To estimate that, they turned to climate modelling.Climate models are able to re-run the past with and _29_ the warming effects of human act
58、ivity, offering a way to compare what actually happened with what might have done. In their simulated world in which anthropogenic（人类起源的） emissions had not increased the greenhouse-gas effect, the team found that a drought did indeed still influence the western reaches of North America during the fi
59、rst two decades of the 21st century. But this imaginary dry spell was considerably _30_(severe) than the real one-ranking 11th rather than 2nd in the period under study (see chart).【答案】21. has been taken 22. seen 23. ones 24. might /may 25. As 26. lasting 27. where 28. to blame 29. without 30. less
60、severe【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章以美国和墨西哥的部分地区为例，讲述了科学家对过度干燥的地球的研究。研究表明，人类活动对于对球变得过热起到了推动的作用。【21题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：但是，在过去的二十年中，预期的干旱也已达到极限了。由时间状语over the past two decades可知，句子使用现在完成时，主语dryness承受动词take的动作，谓语动词使用被动语态，并且主语为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has been taken。【22题详解】考查过去分词。句意：根据哥伦比亚大学拉蒙特-多尔蒂地球观测站工作的帕克威廉姆斯的说法，该地区目前的降雨不足造成
61、了特大干旱，其严重程度在过去的1200年中仅在其他四个场合出现过。megadrought of a severity承受动词see的动作，使用过去分词作后置定语。故填seen。【23题详解】考查不定代词。句意：在寒冷干燥的季节，它们生长较慢，产生狭窄的年轮。为避免重复，使用ones代替前面的复数名词years。故填ones。【24题详解】考查情态动词。句意：在干旱期间，树可能不会长很多。根据语境，此处填入情态动词表示推测，意为“可能”。故填might/may。【25题详解】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：正如他们在本周的科学杂志上描述的那样，研究小组确定了几个世纪以来发生的数十次干旱。分析句子结构
62、可知，此处需填入连词as引导定语从句，并指代逗号后面的句子，意为“正如”。故填As。【26题详解】考查现在分词。句意：然后，他们获取了当前干旱的平均土壤水分值，并将其与连续19年的平均值进行了比较，并将其与前四个平均值进行比较，其中一个数值持续了近一个世纪。分析句子结构可知，逗号后面的last的作为动词使用，应填入非谓语动词的形式，oneofthem发出last的动作，因此应使用现在分词的形式。故填lasting。【27题详解】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：在这个人类举动加剧气温的世界中，帕克博士和他的同事们想知道人类应该为这种状况负多少责任。分析句子结构可知，此处需填入连词引导定语从句，先行词
63、是world，它在从句中作地点状语。故填where。【28题详解】考查固定短语。句意：在这个人类举动加剧气温的世界中，帕克博士和他的同事们想知道人类应该为这种状况负多少责任。be to blame for：为应该受到责备，为承担责任，这是固定用法。故填to blame。【29题详解】考查介词。句意：气候模型能够在有和没有人类活动带来变暖影响的情况下重现过去，从而提供一种比较实际发生的事情和可能做过的事情的方式。由下文的“anthropogenic emissions had not increased the greenhouse-gas effect（人为排放并没有增加温室气体的影响）”可知
64、，此处应填入介词with的反义词without，即without the warming effects of human activity（没有人类活动导致的变暖影响），这两部分是同义表达。故填without。【30题详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：但是，同期的研究发现这种虚构的干旱没有真正的排名第11的干旱严重却比排名第2的严重（参见图表）。由than可知，形容词severe应使用比较级的形式。结合图表信息可知，表示“程度没有那么严重”应使用less+形容词。故填less severe。【点睛】现在完成时主动语态：have/has + done；现在完成时的被动语态：have/hasbee
65、n done；现在完成时常用的标志性时间状语：already，ever，never，yet，just，before，still，lately，since，for a long time，up to now，until，so far，in the last few years/weeks/months，till now，recently等。小题1详解考查时态和语态。句意：但是，在过去的二十年中，预期的干旱也已达到极限了。由时间状语over the past two decades可知，句子使用现在完成时，主语dryness承受动词take的动作，谓语动词使用被动语态，并且主语为不可数名词，谓语动
66、词用单数形式。故填has been taken。Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.“Life of Pi” is narrated by an older Pi and takes place in the present as he tells his life story to a writer. Pi
67、 begins with how he got his name and how his family owned a zoo, but eventually leads into his family needing to leave India for financial _31_. The heart of the story lies in Pi as a young man and the time he spent out at sea on a lifeboat with a tiger named Richard Parker, but getting to that poin
68、t is quite an ordeal（苦难考验）. Pi loses everything and everyone close to him in the blink of an eye and he doesnt _32_ on making what feels like an unbreakable bond with a Bengal tiger.The _33_ film offers a rather marvelous message about religion as Pi discusses the experimentation with several differ
69、ent religions as a young boy. Even though it seems kind of silly that a boy has _34_ so many religions at one point in his life, it portrays a/an _35_ message in a light that doesnt seem too preachy（说教的）. But the religious aspect is really only a backdrop for being on your own _36_ to finding who yo
70、u really are. Feeling so alone for so long and having Pi talk about not being alone and not getting to say goodbye to those he cared about most is one of those things that just hits you really hard.While witnessing Pi attempt to tame Richard Parker is really _37_, there are so many unbelievable sigh
71、ts to witness in “Life of Pi”. Theres the whale, the jellyfish, the flying fish, that _38_ storm, and that seaweed island with all of the meerkats (a kind of monkey). “Life of Pi” never really lets up on being _39_ breathtaking and amazing from beginning to end.“Life of Pi” is pleasantly satisfying.
72、 With a heartfelt message, beautiful visuals, and stunning camera work. “Life of Pi” is truly a sight to behold and illustrates how _40_ 3D can be to a film that isnt just a summer hit or blockbuster.【答案】31. I 32. G 33. B 34. C 35. K 36. E 37. D 38. F 39. H 40. A【解析】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了少年派奇幻漂流记这部电影的主要情节，它主要
73、是讲Pi的漂流经历，并且有点奇幻色彩。这部影片体现了3D技术对于电影拍摄的重要性。【31题详解】考查名词。句意：Pi首先介绍了他的名字的由来和家人如何经营一家动物园，但最终出于经济原因他的家人需要离开印度。Pi的父亲决定举家移民离开印度到加拿大，以追求更好的生活，即出于改善家庭经济的目的。此处需要名词purposes作介词for的宾语。故选I。【32题详解】考查动词。句意：Pi眨眼间就失去了一切和身边的每个人，他没有指望与孟加拉虎建立牢不可破的联系。此处需要填入动词count构成短语count on，意为“指望”。起初Pi并没指望会和孟加拉虎相互依赖而活下去。故选G。【33题详解】考查名词。句
74、意：当Pi讨论在小时候信仰的几种不同的宗教时，这部冒险电影提供了关于宗教的相当奇妙的信息。这部电影展示的是一部“奇幻漂流记”，即冒险电影。此处定冠词the后面需要使用名词adventure作定语修饰film。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词。句意：尽管一个男孩一生中曾经信奉过如此多宗教似乎很愚蠢，但它以似乎不太讲道的角度描绘了一个宗教信息。此处需要选择过去分词adopted构成现在完成时，Pi寻找信仰而且还信奉了很多宗教。故选C。【35题详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管一个男孩一生中曾经接受过如此多的宗教似乎很愚蠢，但它以似乎不太讲道的角度描绘了一个宗教信息。此处的话题与宗教有关，需要形容词reli
75、gious作定语修饰message。故选K。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：但是，宗教信仰只是你弄清楚自己到底是谁的一个途径。此处需要名词route作介词on的宾语。on your own route to在去的路上。故选E。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：目睹Pi驯服孟加拉虎Richard Parker的尝试确实很有趣，但少年派奇幻漂流记中有许多令人难以置信的景象。此处需要形容词entertaining作表语。故选D。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：这里有鲸鱼，水母，飞鱼，那场灾难性的风暴以及那座有猴子的海藻岛。此处需要形容词disastrous作定语修饰storm。Pi及一行人乘坐的船在暴风
76、雨中沉没，因此这是灾难性的风暴。故选F。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：少年派奇幻漂流记从始至终真正地让观众在视觉上感到震撼和惊艳。下文提到了这部电影在拍摄的技术上是很成功的，此处需要副词visually作状语修饰breathtaking和amazing。故选H。【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：少年派奇幻漂流记确实让人眼前一亮，这说明了3D对于不仅仅是夏日大片还是电影来说都是很重要的。此处需要形容词essential作表语，表明3D技术对于电影拍摄的重要性。故选A。. Reading ComprehensionSection A(15 points)Directions: For each bl
77、ank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The Old Man and the Sea is the story of an epic struggle between an old, seasoned fisherman and the greatest catch of his life. For eighty-four day
78、s. Santiago, an aged Cuban fisherman, has set out to sea and returned _41_ handed. So conspicuously unlucky is he that the parents of his young, devoted apprentice（徒弟） and friend, Manolin, have _42_ the boy to leave the old man in order to fish in a more prosperous boat. _43_, the boy continues to c
79、are for the old man upon his return each night. He helps the old man haul his gear to his ramshackle hut（破旧不堪的陋室）, secures food for him, and discusses the latest developments in American baseball, especially the trials of the old mans hero, Joe DiMaggio. Santiago is _44_ that his unproductive streak
80、 of failure will soon come to an end, and he _45_ to sail out farther than usual the following day.On the eighty-fifth day of his unlucky streak, Santiago does as promised, sailing his skiff（小艇） far beyond the islands shallow coastal waters and _46_ into the Gulf Stream. He prepares his lines and dr
81、ops them. At noon, a big fish, which he knows is a marlin（青枪鱼）, takes the bait（鱼饵） that Santiago has placed one hundred fathoms deep in the waters. The old man expertly hooks the fish, but he cannot pull it in. Instead, the fish begins to pull to boat.Unable to tie the line _47_ to the boat for fear
82、 the fish would snap a taut line, the old man bears the strain of the line with his shoulders, back, and hands, ready to give slack should the marlin make a run. The fish _48_ the boat all through the day, through the night, through another day, and through another night. The entire time, Santiago e
83、ndured _49_ pain from the fishing line. Whenever the fish lunges, leaps, or makes a dash for _50_, the cord（绳） cuts Santiago badly. Although wounded and weary, the old man feels a deep empathy and admiration, for the marlin, his brother in suffering, strength, and determination.As Santiago sails on
84、with the fish, the marlins blood leaves a trail in the water and attracts sharks. The first to attack is a great make shark, which Santiago manages to kill with the harpoon（鱼叉）. In the _51_, the old man loses the harpoon and lengths of valuable rope, which leaves him vulnerable to other shark attack
85、s. Although he kills several sharks, more and more appear. They devour（吞噬） the marlins precious meat, leaving only skeleton, head, and tail, Santiago punished himself for going “out too far,” and for sacrificing his great and worthy _52_.The next morning, a crowd of _53_ fishermen gathers around the
86、 skeletal carcass of the fish, which is still lashed（紧系） to the boat. Knowing nothing of the old mans struggle, tourists at a nearby caf observe the _54_ of the giant marlin and mistake it for a shark. Manolin, who has been worried over the old mans absence, is moved to tears when he finds Santiago
87、safe in his bed. The boy fetches the old man some coffee and the daily papers with the baseball scores, and watches him sleep. When the old man wakes, the two agree to fish as _55_ once more. The old man returns to sleep and dreams his usual dream of lions at play on the beaches of Africa.41. A. sec
88、ondB. singleC. emptyD. first42. A. madeB. encouragedC. dissuadedD. forced43. A. NeverthelessB. ThereforeC. FurthermoreD. Besides44. A. confidentB. depressedC. pessimisticD. proud45. A. determinesB. failsC. considersD. favors46. A. venturingB. divingC. drowningD. securing47. A. slowB. fastC. quickD.
89、loose48. A. drivesB. steersC. pushesD. pulls49. A. sustainableB. temporaryC. constantD. instant50. A. attemptB. controlC. freedomD. damage51. A. journeyB. shockC. quarrelD. struggle52. A. opponentB. masterC. acquaintanceD. hero53. A. disappointedB. amazedC. terrifiedD. accomplished54. A. remainsB. m
90、eatsC. ruinsD. rests55. A. seniorsB. companiesC. coachesD. partners【答案】41. C 42. D 43. A 44. A 45. A 46. A 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. C 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. A 55. D【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一位古巴老渔夫Santiago在海上捕鱼的故事，出自海明威于1951年在古巴写的一篇中篇小说。古巴一个叫Santiago的老渔民住在海边一个小窝棚里，他过着贫困且无依无靠的生活，唯有一个叫Manolin的男孩去和他聊天，帮他收拾打渔的工具。
91、老渔民一连84天都没有捕猎到一条鱼，但是他却没有放弃，第85天，他再次出海。这一次，他捕猎到一条青枪鱼，由于青枪鱼过于巨大，老渔民经过三天三夜的战斗，才把青枪鱼捕获并绑在船上。返航回家时，海中的鲨鱼前来抢夺青枪鱼的肉，老渔民用尽方法但是青枪鱼最终还是被鲨鱼们完全吞噬。他回家时，青枪鱼只剩下一个骨架，于是他开始吃起青枪鱼的骨头。【41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Santiago，一位年迈的古巴渔民，出海捕鱼八十四天空手返回。 A. second第二；B. single单个的； C. empty空的； D. first第一。由下文的老渔夫非常不幸运可知，他没有捕到鱼，即空手回来的。故选C。【
92、42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他真是太倒霉了，他年轻的徒弟和朋友Manolin的父母强迫男孩离开老人，以便在更兴旺的渔船上钓鱼。A. made制作；B. encouraged鼓励；C. dissuaded劝阻；D. forced 强迫。老渔夫的徒弟的父母因为老渔夫没能捕到鱼，因此他们要强迫老渔夫的徒弟离开他到别的地方去捕鱼。故选D。【43题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，男孩每天晚上回来后仍继续照顾老渔夫。A. Nevertheless不过；B. Therefore因此；C. Furthermore此外；D. Besides 此外。由上下文的语境可知，尽管父母强迫他离开到别的地方
93、去捕鱼，但这个年轻的徒弟依然还在关心着老渔夫，所以上下文构成的是转折的关系。故选A。【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：圣地亚哥充满信心，他无价值的连续失败将很快结束，他决定第二天比平时航行得更远。A. confident自信的；B. depressed郁闷的；C. pessimistic悲观的；D. proud 骄傲的。由下文的老渔夫到更远的地方去捕鱼可知，他对于之前的失败是不甘心的，因此他有信心能够捕到鱼。故选A。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：圣地亚哥充满信心，他无价值的连续失败将很快结束，他决定第二天比平时航行得更远。A. determines下决心；B. fails失败；C
94、. considers考虑；D. favors 偏爱。由上一题的分析可知，此处使用determines这个单词，构成determine to do这个短语，表示他决心去更远的地方钓鱼。故选A。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在不幸经历的第八十五天，Santiago如愿以偿，将他的小艇驶离了该岛的浅水域，进入了墨西哥湾流。A. venturing冒险；B. diving潜水；C. drowning淹死；D. securing 拴牢。由第四题的分析可知，老渔夫决心去更远的地方钓鱼。venture into这个短语表示“冒险进入某地”的意思。故选A。【47题详解】考查形容词和副词词义辨析。句意
95、：由于担心鱼会拉断绷紧的绳索，老渔夫没有将绳索紧紧地绑在船上。放松一下的话，青枪鱼就应该逃跑了。A. slow慢的；B. fast快速，牢固地；C. quick快的；D. loose 松的。因为担心鱼会将绳索拉紧，老渔夫没有时间将绳索紧紧地绑在船上。故选B。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这只鱼整天整夜，一天又一天地拉着船要逃走。A. drives 驾驶，驱动；B. steers行驶，操纵；C. pushes推；D. pulls 拉。鱼拉着船向海里走，pull这个词是同词复现。它在上一段的最后一句出现了。故选D。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在整个过程中，Santiago一直遭
96、受钓鱼线带来的持续的痛苦。A. sustainable可持续的；B. temporary临时的；C. constant不断的；D. instant 瞬间的。因为大鱼拉着船走入海中，老渔夫一直需要承受钓鱼线所带来的疼痛。故选C。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当鱼刺，跳动或冲破自由时，绳子都会严重割伤圣地亚哥。A. attempt尝试；B. control控制；C. freedom自由；D. damage 损伤。大鱼因为被鱼线所束缚，因此它一直在挣扎着希望获得自由。故选C。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个斗争中，老人失去了鱼叉和长长的宝贵绳子，使他容易遭受其他鲨鱼袭击。A.
97、journey旅程；B. shock休克；C. quarrel吵架；D. struggle 斗争。上文描述的是老渔夫与青枪鱼斗争的过程，选择struggle这个词合乎语境，它在最后一段中的第二句里出现了。故选D。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们吞噬了青枪鱼宝贵的肉，只留下骨头，头部和尾巴，Santiago因为走得太远并付出了他宝贵的猎物而责怪自己。A. opponent对手；B. master主人；C. acquaintance熟人；D. hero 英雄。opponent这里指的是老渔夫好不容易捕到的青枪鱼。故选A。53题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，一群惊奇的渔民聚集
98、在鱼的骨骼边，它仍被绑在船上。A. disappointed失望的；B. amazed惊讶的；C. terrified恐惧的；D. accomplished 完成的。第二天，一群人围着这只青枪鱼的骨架观看，说明大家感到非常的惊讶和好奇。故选B。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不知道老人的挣扎，附近一家咖啡馆的游客看到了巨型马林鱼的遗骸，并将其误认为一条鲨鱼。A. remains剩余物，遗骸，遗迹；B. meats肉类；C. ruins废墟；D. rests 休息。这只青枪鱼已经被鲨鱼吃的只剩下骨头等东西，remains表示青枪鱼的“遗骸”。故选A。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：老
99、人醒来后，两人同意再次作为伙伴钓鱼。A. seniors老年人；B. companies公司；C. coaches教练；D. partners 伙伴。此前老渔夫和他年轻的徒弟分开了，现在他们再次合作，表示他们之间的伙伴关系又回到了从前。故选D。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第 8小题考查动词词义辨析。句意：这只鱼整天整夜，一天又一天地拉着船要逃走。A. drives驱动；B. steers转向；C. pushes推；D. pulls 拉。鱼拉着船向海里走，pull这个词是同词复现。它在上一段的最后一句出现
100、了。故选D。Section B(10 points)Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statement. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that first best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
101、Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristic that ins
102、truct and inspire people. A hero does something worth talking about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond mere fame.Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high-voltage（电压） transformers, heroes take the energy of highe
103、r powers and step it down so that it can be used by ordinary people.The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine hero experience life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and di
104、e for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant?Heroes are catalysts（催化剂） for change. They have a vision from the mountain top. The
105、y have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr, we might still have segregated（隔离的） buses, restaurants, and parks. It may be possible for large-scale chan
106、ge to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain and the committee meetings endless.56. Although heroes may come from different cultures, they .A. generally possess certain inspiring characteristicsB. probably share some weaknesses o
107、f ordinary peopleC. are often influenced by previous generationsD. all unknowingly attract a large number of fans57. According to the passage, heroes are compared to high-voltage transformers in that .A. they have a vision from the mountaintopB. they have warm feelings and emotionsC. they can serve
108、as empowering examples of noble principlesD. they can make all people feel stronger and more confident58. Madonna and Michael Jackson are not considered heroes because .A. they are popular only among certain groups of peopleB. their performances do not improve their fans morallyC. their primary conc
109、ern is their own financial interestsD they are not clear about the principles they should follow59. Gandhi and Martin Luther King are typical examples of outstanding leaders who .A. are good at demonstrating their charming charactersB. can move the masses with the skill and the charmC. are capable o
110、f meeting all challenges and hardshipsD. can provide an answer to the problems of their people60. The author concludes that historical changes would .A. be delayed without leaders with inspiring personal qualitiesB. not happen without heroes making the necessary sacrificesC. take place if there were
111、 heroes to lead the peopleD. produce leaders with attractive personalities【答案】56. A 57. C 58. B 59. B 60. A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了英雄具备的特点，即不管在哪中文化中，英雄们普遍具有许多指导和启发人们的特征，因此他们是不同于单纯的名人的。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of charac
112、teristic that instruct and inspire people.”可知，尽管文化差异巨大，但世界各地的英雄们普遍具有许多指导和启发人们的特征。因此，尽管英雄可能来自不同的文化，但他们通常具有某些启发他人的特征。故选A。【57题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high-voltage（电压） transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that i
113、t can be used by ordinary people.”可知，英雄服务于高于其自身的权力或准则，如同高压变压器一样，把这些权力和准则的所带来的利益传递给普通民众。故选C。【58题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans fi
114、nd life more abundant?”可知，如果他们只是为自己的名声服务，那么他们可能是名人，而不是英雄。麦当娜和迈克尔杰克逊是出名的，但谁能说他们的粉丝发现自己的生活变得更充实了呢？因此，麦当娜和迈克尔杰克逊不被视为英雄，因为他们的表演并不能从道德上为粉丝提供改善生活所需要的精神动力。故选B。【59题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part
115、 of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr, we might still have segregated（隔离的） buses, restaurants, and parks.”可知，英雄具有感召群众的技巧和魅力。他们创造了新的可能性。没有甘地，印度可能仍然是大英帝国的一部分。没有罗莎帕克斯和马丁路德金，人们可能仍然要面对隔离的公共汽车，饭店和公园。因此，甘地和马丁路德金是杰出的领导人，原因在于他们具有感召群众的技巧和魅力。故选B。【60题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It may be p
116、ossible for large-scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain and the committee meetings endless.”可知，没有具有吸引人民群众的个人品质的领导者的大型变革可能会发生，但是变革的步伐会很慢，愿景不确定，委员会的会议无休止地开下去。甘地和马丁路德金是杰出的领导人，他们可以用技巧和魅力来打动群众。由此作者得出结论，历史的变化将会被推迟如果没有具
117、有启发性个人品质的领导者。故选A。【点睛】推理判断题的常见考查形式及解题方法：推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。此类题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，做出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。本文主要考查推测文章的观点或结论。小题5是推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It may be possible for large-scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace
118、 of change would be slow, the vision uncertain and the committee meetings endless.”可知，没有具有吸引人民群众的个人品质的领导者的大型变革可能会发生，但是变革的步伐会很慢，愿景不确定，委员会的会议无休止地开下去。甘地和马丁路德金是杰出的领导人，他们可以用技巧和魅力来打动群众。由此作者得出结论，历史的变化将会被推迟如果没有具有启发性个人品质的领导者。故选A。. Translation(3,3,4,5)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English
119、, using the words given in the brackets.61. 他说起意大利就好像亲自去过似的。（as if）62. 每天适度锻炼不仅能保持健康，还能使人精力充沛。（basis）63. 由于缺乏自律性，他在上网课的时候忍不住偷看手机。（help）64. 即便患有肺癌，他还是用两年的时间航游世界，其中四分之一的时间是在非洲度过的。（Despite）【答案】61. He talked about Italy as if he had been there before. 62. Exercising moderately on a daily basis can not o
120、nly keep you healthy, but also make you energetic. 63. Due to the lack of his self-discipline, he cant help glancing at the phone when having online courses. 64. Despite the fact that he had lung cancer, he still spent 2 years sailing around the world, of which a quarter was spent in Africa.【解析】本题考查
121、学生根据汉语意思用所给的词或短语翻译句子。此种题首先要分析所给的汉语句意及具体的考查词的用法，明确考核的要点，选择恰当的词语搭配。这不仅要用所给的词汇进行恰当的翻译，同时还要注意翻译句子时要根据具体的语境，一定要避免汉语式的英语翻译。【61题详解】考查as if引导的方式状语从句。“说起意大利”可翻译为“talked about Italy”，as if意为“仿佛，好像”，它引导的从句中使用虚拟语气，此处表示与过去事实相反，从句应使用过去完成时。因此“好像亲自去过似的”可译为“he had been there before”。因此句子“他说起意大利就好像亲自去过似的。”可译为：He talk
122、ed about Italy as if he had been there before.【62题详解】考查固定短语。“每天”可翻译为“on a daily basis”，“适度锻炼”可译为“exercise moderately”，它在从句中作主语，应使用动名词的形式。“不仅还”可译为“not onlybut also”。因此句子“每天适度锻炼不仅能保持健康，还能使人精力充沛。”可译为：exercising moderately on a daily basis can not only keep you healthy, but also make you energetic.【63题详
123、解】考查固定短语。“由于”可翻译为“due to”，“缺乏”可翻译为“lack of”，“忍不住”可翻译为“cant help doing”。“偷看手机”可翻译为“glance at the phone”。“上网课的时候”可以使用when引导时间状语从句：when he is having online courses，因为主句的主语和从句一致，因此可以省略从句中的he is。所以“由于缺乏自律性，他在上网课的时候忍不住偷看手机。”可译为：Due to the lack of his self-discipline, he cant help glancing at the phone whe
124、n having online courses.【64题详解】考查介词despite的用法和同位语从句及定语从句。“即便患有肺癌（的事实）”可翻译为“despite the fact that he had lung cancer”，其中that引导同位语从句。“用两年的时间航游世界”可翻译为“spend 2 years sailing around the world”。 “其中四分之一的时间是在非洲度过的” 可翻译为“of which a quarter was spent in Africa”。of which是介词+which的结构，可以用来引导定语从句，介词of表示所属关系，which指代先行词2 years，从句使用被动语态，整个句子中出现的动词均使用一般过去时态。所以“即便患有肺癌，他还是用两年的时间航游世界，其中四分之一的时间是在非洲度过的。”可译为：Despite the fact that he had lung cancer, he still spent 2 years sailing around the world, of which a quarter was spent in Africa.