1、浦东新区2020学年“三检”高三英语试卷第一卷（90分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10 分）Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. Aft
2、er you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Who is a stranger?A. Only the man.B. Only the woman.C. Both the man and the woman.D. Neither the man nor the
3、 woman.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Excuse me, am I going the right way to Crown Plaza Hotel?W: Crown Plaza Hotel? Im afraid Ive no idea. Im a stranger here myself. Why not ask the shop keeper over there?Q: Who is a stranger?2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is right about the two bracelets?A. The same price.B. Differen
4、t prices.C. The same color.D. The same size.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: Of the two bracelets, which one would you choose the gold one or the silver one?W: Id like to choose the less expensive.Q: What is right about the two bracelets?3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman mean?A. Christina has gone home.B. Chr
5、istina feels at home there.C. Shes known Christina a long time.D. She just met Christina.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Have you met Christina yet?W: Were from the same hometown.Q: What does the woman mean?4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How many pencils did the woman buy altogether?A. 20.B. 25.C. 18.D. 36.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Yo
6、u bought half a dozen of B2 pencils yesterday, didnt you?W: Yes, the students need them in todays English test. I already bought a dozen last week.Q: How many pencils did the woman buy altogether?5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is todays weather?A Its snowy.B. Its cloudy.C. Its hot.D. Its fine.【答案】A【解析】【原
7、文】M: According to the weather forecast, the snow will end early tomorrow morning. We can go skiing then and breathe some nice fresh air.W: But didnt you hear that the temperature will drop to well below zero.Q: What is todays weather?6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where did the man go?A. The cinema.B. The art
8、 center.C. The dinning hall.D. The theatre.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W: Did you like the play?M: No, that acting was quite a disappointment. I wish Id gone with you to the art center.Q: Where did the man go?7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What had the man assumed about the exhibition?A. It wasnt open on Sundays.B. Its open
9、ing had been postponed.C. It was going to close before Sunday.D. It didnt deserve the praise it received.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Im going to see the exhibition at Shanghai Museum next Sunday.M: Oh, you mean theyve decided to hold it over?Q: What had the man assumed about the exhibition?8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10、What does the man mean?A. The gallery is a good place for the exhibition.B. Preparing for the exhibition wont be easy.C. The man isnt telling the truth about the offer.D. The man is making a bad decision.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: What do you think of this gallery space? They offered to let me exhibit some of
11、my paintings here.M: Are you kidding? Any art student I know would die to have an exhibition here.Q: What does the man mean?9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the man suggest?A. Spending more time on sightseeing.B. Visiting the city with a group.C. Touring the city on a fine day.D. Taking the man with h
12、er on the tour.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: I think I will take a half-day tour of the city?M: Why not the whole day?Q: What does the man suggest?10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman predict will happen?A. The air will be cleaner if they go to another city.B. Itll soon be too late to control the pollution.C
13、. Society will not pay attention to the new laws.D. The situation will improve if changes are made.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M: Look at all the pollution going into the air from those factories. Do you think theyll ever get that under control?W: With the new laws and social awareness, well turn things around.Q:
14、What does the woman predict will happen?Section B （15 分）Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. W
15、hen you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11. What are Jay and Mango?A. Pet dogs.B. Guide dogs.C. Disabled dogs.D. Two-year-old Labradors.12. What neednt the disabled p
16、assengers bring when taking the bullet train with Jay and Mango?A. IDs.B. disabled certificates.C. credit cards.D. dog vaccination certificates.13. Why are blind and visually-impaired people usually restricted to their homes in China?A. Because they are banned to go out according to regulations.B. B
17、ecause they depend on the blind canes to go out.C. Because it is inconvenient to go out.D. Because they should make an appointment to go out.【答案】11. B 12. C 13. C【解析】【原文】Little Jay and Mango, two seven-year-old fellow Labradors, embarked on a 450-km journey with their visually impaired owners during
18、 this Spring Festival travel rush.“Our life has become more comfortable after we got Little Jay and Mango, said Zhou Tong, the dogs owner, who has had eye disease since childhood.With the help of guide dogs and staff in railway stations, the couple made it to bullet train G4037, linking Beijing and
19、their hometown Handan, a city in north Chinas Hebei Province.Its very convenient to take the bullet train with guide dogs now. We usually call the 12306 customer service hotline to make an appointment for disabled passengers, said Zhou in the waiting room designated for the elderly, disabled and pre
20、gnant women. The stations staff helped guide them to the train.According to Chinese regulations, passengers are banned from carrying animals on trains. However, a regulation rolled out in 2015 by the China Railway Corporation and China Disabled Persons Federation allows visually impaired people to m
21、ake train trips with their guide dogs.A steward led the couple and the dogs to two seats near the bathroom and offered them beverages and snacks.When we take the train, we must bring our ID cards, disabled certifications, guide dog certificates and dog vaccination certificates, Zhou said.China has o
22、ver 17 million blind and visually-impaired people. Many are restricted to their homes due to the inconvenience of going out. Zhou and her husband used to depend on the blind cane to go out before Little Jay and Mango joined the family in 2015 and 2016.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14. Who could t
23、ravel to other countries in the old days according to the passage?A. Either kings or queens.B. Both the poor and the rich.C. Those who had much money.D. Boys or girls, men or women no matter young or old.15. Why did more people travel today than in the past?A. Because travelling today is easier than
24、 in the past.B. Because people have become interested in traveling.C. Because great changes have taken place in the world.D. Because people now have got more money and time for travel.16. What can we infer from the article?A. Great changes have taken place in many places due to travelling.B. Tourism
25、 wont bring any changes in peoples mind.C. People will have some trouble in making a journey.D. Tourism causes only some changes in clothing.【答案】14. C 15. D 16. A【解析】【原文】Travelling was not so important and easy as it is today. In the past days, only people with a great deal of money could travel on
26、holidays to other countries while to common people, travelling is like a dream which will hardly come true. However, due to the fast development of economy and society, an increasing middle class appears in many parts of the world. More people travel today than in the past; that is to say, people no
27、w have money and time for a trip. Various kinds of plane fares and discounts on different transports for tourists make travel less expensive and more attractive than ever before. Some people even drive with their families or friends themselves. One person doesnt travel for the same reason as another
28、. But most people enjoy seeing countries that are different from their own. They also like to meet new people, taste new food and experience new customs, etc. Many changes have taken place in a country and in peoples lives on account of tourism. For example, a large number of places in China have de
29、veloped a theme of RED or GREEN tour to attract travelers and spread the local resources and products out around the world. In order to realize these wishes, people build new hotels and restaurants and train native men and women as guides to show visitors interesting places and persuade them into bu
30、ying souvenirs. Therere new nightclubs and other amusements. Sooner or later, international tourism will clearly be a big business in the current world.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. Why did the man watch the same movie every weekend?A. Because his routine is a little irregular.B. Because it
31、s the only TV program at nine oclock.C. Because his son loves Toy Story.D. Because he loves Buzz and Woody.18. When did the man usually get home on weekdays?A. At about six oclock.B. At about seven oclock.C. At about eight oclock.D. At about nine oclock.19. What kind of man is he?A. an early bird.B.
32、 a night owl.C. a born night owl and trained early bird.D. a born early bird and trained night owl.20. What is the good thing about having kids according to the man?A. You relax and have fun with your family.B. You read classic childrens books.C. You get reattached to your childhood through old acti
33、vities.D. You read Dr. Seuss5 books that are great for you.【答案】17. C 18. B 19. C 20. C【解析】【原文】Rebecca: So, Gareth, whats your daily routine like?Gareth: My routine is actually a little irregular. I have a different working schedule for each day of the week, but on weekends my son usually wakes me up
34、 around nine oclock, and after that we go downstairs, and I get him some cereal and we watch Toy Story. He loves Buzz and Woody.Rebecca: Every weekend the same movie?Gareth: Exactly. Again and again. On weekdays, though, I usually wake up at six a.m. I have to go to work at eight, so I commute on th
35、e bus and train and that takes an hour and a half. It takes a long time, and then I work. I get back home at about seven. I have dinner with my wife. Usually if I come home late, she waits and shell have dinner with me, and sometimes shell wait until nine.Rebecca: Whoa!Gareth: Yeah, pretty late, so
36、its really nice.Rebecca: Are you a morning shower person or a nighttime bath person?Gareth: Yeah, actually I think Im a kind of night owl. I work much better in the evening and I get more done. In the morning Im a little bit like a zombie, but these last years, working have kind of trained me to be
37、an early bird. Waking up so early, as I do, Ive kind of adapted to it. But I much prefer the evening.Rebecca: So you would get back home from work and eat dinner and then take the bath to calm down to go to bed at night? Gareth: No, actually I prefer showers than baths, but yeah, I usually relax wit
38、h my family and watch a movie or read a book. My sons really into Dr. Seuss books. Theyre classic childrens books and theyre great even for me. Thats the good thing about having kids. You kind of get reattached to your childhood, and feel kind of nostalgic about your old activities like the things t
39、hat you did when you were a child.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A (10 分)Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other bl
40、anks, use one word that best fits each blank.Physical activity and positive psychology are a match made in heaven - one focuses on the building of happy, fully functioning people (positive psychology) and the other is a tried and tested avenue for creating such positive people (physical activity)._2
41、1_ a doubt, engaging in physical activity is one of the most important things, _22_not the most important thing, _23_a person can do to enhance best functioning. Not only does physical activity enhance physical functioning, thus _24_(reduce) the risks of disease but it can also make us happier,_25_(
42、energized), confident, self-regulated individuals and even make us smarter.Despite knowing that exercise is good for us, the human species is not functioning _26_it was originally designed to. Reports suggest that we are now physically functioning at nearly a third of _27_we used to 100 years ago. L
43、uckily, we dont need to train like elite athletes _28_(gain) the benefits of activity. Physical activity refers to any type of movement that results in energy expenditure, for example, walking, climbing stairs, gardening or yoga. The daily recommendation in the UK is currently 30 minutes of moderate
44、 to high intensity physical activity at least five times per week. The important thing is to get the heart beating above resting level. You would need to operate at 70 percent of your maximum heart rate. Physical activity must not be confused with exercise, which is a clear focus on fitness progress
45、ion. Thus, an aerobic class,_29_(train) for a run, or anything along the traditional line of activity _30_(fall) under this category.【答案】21. Without 22. if 23. that 24. reducing 25. more energized 26. as 27. what 28. to gain 29. training 30. falls【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了参加体育活动的重要性、好处，并对如何参加体育活动提出建议。【21
46、题详解】考查介词。句意：毫无疑问，参加体育活动如果不是最重要的事情，也是最重要的事情之一，一个人可以参加体育活动来提高最佳功能。根据“engaging in physical activity is one of the most important things”可知，此处是指“毫无疑问”，应用介词without表示“没有”。故填Without。【22题详解】考查连词。句意：毫无疑问，参加体育活动如果不是最重要的事情，也是最重要的事情之一，一个人可以参加体育活动来提高最佳功能。“not the most important thing”是“is one of the most importa
47、nt things”的前提条件，所以应用if引导条件状语从句，此处省略it is，it代指“engaging in physical activity”。故填if。【23题详解】考查定语从句。句意：毫无疑问，参加体育活动如果不是最重要的事情，也是最重要的事情之一，一个人可以参加体育活动来提高最佳功能。分析可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为things，定语从句中缺少宾语，且先行词被the most important修饰，所以应用关系代词that。故填that。【24题详解】考查现在分词。句意：体育锻炼不仅能增强身体机能，从而降低患病风险，还能让我们更快乐、更有活力、更有自信、自我调节，甚至让
48、我们更聪明。动词reduce和谓语动词之间没有连词(thus不是连词)，且此处表自然而然的结果，所以应用现在分词作状语。故填reducing。【25题详解】考查比较级。句意：体育锻炼不仅能增强身体机能，从而降低患病风险，还能让我们更快乐、更有活力、更有自信、自我调节，甚至让我们更聪明。根据“happier”可知，此处应用比较级，作宾补。故填more energized。【26题详解】考查方式状语从句。句意：尽管知道运动对我们有好处，但人类并没有像最初设计的那样发挥作用。根据句意可知，此处是指“像最初设计的那样发挥作用”，应用as引导方式状语从句。故填as。【27题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：报
49、告显示，我们现在的身体机能几乎是100年前的三分之一。在宾语从句“we used to 100 years ago”中省略了“function at”，所以缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。【28题详解】考查to do不定式。句意：幸运的是，我们不需要像精英运动员那样训练来获得活动的好处。训练的目的是获得活动的好处，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to gain。【29题详解】考查现在分词。句意：因此，训练跑步的有氧课程或任何传统活动都属于这一类。动词train意为“训练”，和谓语动词之间没有连词，和主语an aerobic class构成主动关系，所以应用
50、现在分词作后置定语。故填training。【30题详解】考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：因此，训练跑步有氧课程或任何传统活动都属于这一类。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。用连词or连接的并列主语，应遵循“就近原则”，anything为第三人称单数。故填falls。Section B (10 分)Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you ne
51、ed.A. definite；B. serve；C. positive；D. natural；E. diet；F. cellG. essentially；H. unknowingly；I. occur；J. remove;K. balanced; L.occurThe approach to nutrition popularized by experts and their followers consists_31_of eating natural foods plus vitamin and mineral supplements. It is probably the most po
52、pular nutritional theory among people who seek to improve their health by improving their_32_.The diet is based on the idea that the cells that make up our bodies need specific nutrients and that the health of the_33_determines the health of the body. The best food to nourish our cells are _34_whole
53、 foods, raised with traditional methods of agriculture, without the use of artificial nutrients. It is also believed that because we dont always eat as well as we should and therefore might be missing some nutrients_35_, we should supplement our diet with vitamins and minerals in concentrated form.
54、These will_36_as medicine for current ills, as well as insurance against possible future deficiencies.When natural, whole, unrefined, foods are used, nutrients in our diet will be_37_. However, if vitamin and supplements are used in addition to these foods, an imbalance of nutrients will_38_.The nut
55、ritional and supplemental program can indeed be of great benefits. Improvements reports include the “_39_healing”, a condition of health which is created by eating healthful foods, the “negative healing which is created by not eating harmful foods. In addition, supplementary vitamins and minerals ar
56、e believed to have a positive effect because there is a_40_deficiency state in the body.【答案】31. G 32. E 33. F 34. D 35. H 36. B 37. K 38. L 39. C 40. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。专家及其追随者推广的营养方法基本上是吃天然食物加上维生素和矿物质补充剂。文章对这种营养方法进行了介绍。【31题详解】考查副词。句意：专家及其追随者推广的营养方法基本上是吃天然食物加上维生素和矿物质补充剂。根据“of eating natural foods plus
57、 vitamin and mineral supplements”可知，此处是指营养方法基本上是吃天然食物加上维生素和矿物质补充剂。修饰动词consists应用副词。副词essentially意为“基本上”。故选G。【32题详解】考查名词。句意：在那些通过改善饮食来改善健康的人们中，这可能是最流行的营养理论。根据“the most popular nutritional theory”可知，此处是指对那些通过改善饮食来改善健康的人们。名词diet意为“饮食”。故选E。【33题详解】考查名词。句意：这种饮食基于这样一种理念：构成我们身体的细胞需要特定的营养物质，细胞的健康决定身体的健康。根据“t
58、he cells that make up our bodies need specific nutrients”可知，此处是指细胞的健康决定身体的健康。名词cell意为“细胞”。故选F。【34题详解】考查形容词。句意：滋养我们细胞的最好食物是天然的食物，用传统的农业方法培育，不使用人工营养素。根据“raised with traditional methods of agriculture, without the use of artificial nutrients”可知，此处是指天然的食物。形容词natural意为“天然的”。故选D。【35题详解】考查副词。句意：也有人认为，因为我们吃
59、得不够好，因此可能会不知不觉地缺少一些营养，我们应该以浓缩形式补充维生素和矿物质。根据“because we dont always eat as well as we should”可知，此处是指会不知不觉地缺少一些营养。副词unknowingly意为“不知不觉地”。故选H。【36题详解】考查动词。句意：它们可以作为治疗当前疾病的药物，以及预防未来可能出现的缺陷的保险。根据“as medicine for current ills”可知，此处是指它们可以作为治疗当前疾病的药物。动词serve意为“可作.用”。故选B。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：当我们食用天然的、完整的、未经加工的食物时，
60、我们饮食中的营养就会得到平衡。根据“an imbalance of nutrients”(饮食的不平衡)可知，此处是指我们饮食中的营养就会得到平衡。形容词balanced意为“平衡的”。故选K。【38题详解】考查动词。句意：然而，如果在这些食物之外使用维生素和补品，就会发生营养不平衡。根据“However, if vitamin and supplements are used in addition to these foods”可知，此处是指发生营养不平衡。动词occur意为“发生”。故选L。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：改善报告包括“积极愈合”，即通过食用健康食品而产生的健康状况，以及
61、“消极愈合”，即通过不食用有害食品而产生的健康状况。根据“negative healing”可知，此处是指积极愈合。形容词positive意为“积极的”。故选C。【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：此外，补充维生素和矿物质被认为有积极的效果，因为在体内有一个明确的缺乏状态。根据“supplementary vitamins and minerals are believed to have a positive effect”可知，此处是指在体内有一个明确的缺乏状态。形容词definite意为“明确的”。故选A。III. Reading ComprehensionSection A （15 分）D
62、irections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you are at all typical, listening takes up more of your waking hours than any other activity. A study of persons of varied
63、occupational backgrounds showed that 70% of their waking moments were spent in communication. And of that time, writing took 9%, reading absorbed 16%, talking occupied 30%, and_41_accounted for 45%. Other surveys underscore the large amounts of time that people in different walks of life spend in li
64、stening. It is important to listen effectively because of the sheer amount of it that you do each day._42_, many of the most important aspects of your life are greatly influenced by your skills or_43_of skill in listening. The quality of your friendships, the _44_of your family relationships, your e
65、ffectiveness at work these depend, in large measure, on your ability to listen.Unfortunately, few people are good listeners. Even at the purely informational level, researchers claim that 75% of oral communication is_45_, misunderstood, or quickly forgotten. Rarer still is the ability to listen for
66、the deepest meaning in what people say. How_46_, but how common, to talk with someone about subjects of intense interest to oneself _47_to experience the choking realization that the other person was not really listening and that his responses were simply_48_and mechanical.A major reason for the poo
67、r listening in our society is that most of us receive a very rigorous early training in non-listening. The therapist Franklin Ernst says that from the earliest years of life, a persons_49_ activity is the most heavily trained of all activities. The persons listening . is more attended to than his bo
68、wel training, his bladder activity, or his genital activity. Ernst points out that the typical child, in his most impressionable years, receives a steady_50_of anti-listening regulations. _51_say things like:“Pretend you dont notice.“Dont take it so seriously.”“He didnt mean what he said.”“We dont l
69、isten to those things in our family.The typical parent not only_52_these anti-listening comments, he demonstrates them daily in his own life. By word and_53_we are taught to be non-listeners in our childhood.Most of us have been trained to be poor listeners. Yet _54_we spend more time listening than
70、 doing anything else, and the quality of our listening greatly affects both the personal and the_55_dimensions of our lives.41. A. thinkingB. wakingC. learningD. listening42. A. NeverthelessB. ThereforeC. HoweverD. Furthermore43. A. lackB. masteryC. failureD. pursuit44. A. happinessB. seriousnessC.
71、cohesivenessD. creativeness45. A. ignoredB. retainedC. takenD. remembered46. A. underminingB. destructingC. deceivingD. irritating47. A. soB. asC. exceptD. only48. A. naturalB. logicalC. automaticD. reasonable49. A. thinkingB. speakingC. listeningD. reading50. A. nutritionB. coachingC. dietD. supple
72、ment51. A. TeachersB. ParentsC. CoachesD. Doctors52. A. criticizesB. verbalizesC. complimentsD. values53. A. speechB. analysisC. exampleD. deed54. A. surprisinglyB. increasinglyC. reverselyD. ironically55. A. vocationalB. academicC. socialD. life【答案】41. D 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. D 48. C 49
73、. C 50. C 51. B 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章指出倾听在生活中的重要性，但是很多人都不善于倾听，并且分析了这种现象的原因。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中写占9%，阅读占16%，交谈占30%，倾听占45%。A.thinking思考；B.waking醒来；C.learning学习；D.listening倾听。根据“If you are at all typical, listening takes up more of your waking hours than any other activity.”(如果你是一个
74、典型的人，那么倾听比其他任何活动都要占用你醒着的时间。)可知，此处是指倾听占45%。故选D。【42题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，你生活中许多最重要的方面都颇受你的倾听技巧或缺乏技巧的影响。A.Nevertheless然而；B.Therefore因此；C.However但是；D.Furthermore此外。根据前文“It is important to listen effectively because of the sheer amount of it that you do each day.”(有效地倾听是很重要的，因为你每天都要做大量的倾听。)可知，此处是进一步将倾听技巧在生活
75、中很重要。故选D。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，你生活中许多最重要的方面都颇受你的倾听技巧或缺乏技巧的影响。A.lack缺乏；B.mastery精通；C.failure失败；D.pursuit追求。根据or可知，此处是指有倾听技巧或缺乏倾听技巧。故选A。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：友谊的质量，家庭关系的凝聚力，工作的效率，这些在很大程度上取决于你倾听的能力。A.happiness幸福；B.seriousness严重；C.cohesiveness凝聚力；D.creativeness创新。根据常识和“of your family relationships”可知，此处是指家
76、庭关系的凝聚力。故选C。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使在纯粹的信息层面，研究人员声称75%的口头交流被忽视、误解或很快被遗忘。A.ignored忽视；B.retained保持；C.taken带走；D.remembered记得。根据“misunderstood, or quickly forgotten”可知，此处是指被忽视、误解或很快被遗忘。故选A。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：与某人谈论自己非常感兴趣的话题，却突然意识到对方不是真的在听，他的反应只是自动的和机械的，这是多么有破坏性，但又是多么普遍。A.undermining逐渐削弱的；B.destructing有破坏性的
77、；C.deceiving欺骗的；D.irritating气人的。根据“to talk with someone about subjects of intense interest to oneself.to experience the choking realization that the other person was not really listening and that his responses were simply.and mechanical”可知，发现自己感兴趣的话题，别人没有认真倾听，这样很破坏兴致。故选B。【47题详解】考查连词、副词和介词词义辨析。句意：与某人
78、谈论自己非常感兴趣的话题，却突然意识到对方不是真的在听，他的反应只是自动的和机械的，这是多么有破坏性，但又是多么普遍。A.so所以；B.as因为；C.except除了；D.only只是。only to do表示意料之外的结果。自己谈得兴致勃勃，结果却发现对方并没有真的在听，这是意料之外的。故选D。【48题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与某人谈论自己非常感兴趣的话题，却突然意识到对方不是真的在听，他的反应只是自动的和机械的，这是多么有破坏性，但又是多么普遍。A.natural自然的；B.logical有逻辑的；C.automatic自动的；D.reasonable合理的。根据“and mech
79、anical”可知，此处是指他的反应只是自动的和机械的。故选C。【49题详解】考查形容词义辨析。句意：从生命的最初几年开始，一个人的倾听活动是所有活动中训练最严格的A.thinking有思考力的；B.speaking讲话的；C.listening倾听的；D.reading阅读的。根据“The persons listening . is more attended to than his bowel training, his bladder activity, or his genital activity.”(这个人在听比排便训练、膀胱活动或生殖器活动更受关注。)可知，此处是指从生命的最初
80、几年开始，一个人的倾听活动是所有活动中训练最严格的。故选C。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：恩斯特指出，一个典型的孩子，在他最易受影响的岁月里，会得到一个稳定的大量的反倾听规则.A.nutrition营养；B.coaching指导；C.diet饮食,大量单一的活动；D.supplement补品。根据“Pretend you dont notice.”“Dont take it so seriously.”“He didnt mean what he said.”“We dont listen to those things in our family.”(“假装你没注意到。”“别那么认真
81、。”“他说的不是真心话。”“我们家里的人都不听这些话。”)可知，此处是指从小接受到大量的这种规则。a diet of意为“大量的”。故选C。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：家长们像这样说A.Teachers老师；B.Parents家长；C.Coaches教练；D.Doctors医生。根据“The typical parent”(典型的家长)可知，此处是指家长们像这样说。故选B。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：典型的父母不仅口头表达这些反倾听的评论，他每天都在自己的生活中展示这些评论。A.criticizes批评；B.verbalizes口头表达；C.compliments恭维；D.
82、values珍惜。根据前文列举的父母常说的四句话可知，此处是指口头表达这些反倾听的评论。故选B。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们从小就被言传身教成为不会倾听的人。A.speech演讲；B.analysis分析；C.example例子；D.deed行为。根据“he demonstrates them daily in his own life”可知，此处是指用自己的行为教导。故选D。【54题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而具有讽刺意味的是，我们花在倾听上的时间比做任何事情都多，而且我们倾听的质量极大地影响着我们生活中的个人和职业层面。A.surprisingly惊人地；B.incre
83、asingly越来越多地；C.reversely相反地；D.ironically具有讽刺意味地。根据前文“Most of us have been trained to be poor listeners”(我们大多数人都被训练成不善于倾听的人)可知，此处是指具有讽刺意味的是，我们花在倾听上的时间比做任何事情都多，而且我们倾听的质量极大地影响着我们生活中的个人和职业层面。故选D。【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而具有讽刺意味的是，我们花在倾听上的时间比做任何事情都多，而且我们倾听的质量极大地影响着我们生活中的个人和职业层面。A.vocational职业的；B.academic学术的；
84、C.social社会的；D.life生命。根据前文“your effectiveness at work these depend, in large measure, on your ability to listen”和“the quality of our listening greatly affects both the personal ”可知，此处是指我们倾听的质量极大地影响着我们生活中的个人和职业层面。故选A。ITI. Reading Comprehension （22 分）Directions: Read the following passage. The passage
85、is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）Wed all like to believe that career success is strictly a result of talent, drive, and skill set. But
86、have you ever wondered whether factors unrelated to your work performance, such as personal appearance, influence your chances for advancement?We have and to find answers to this question, career- sought the opinions and advice of a number of workplace experts, as well as women themselves in various
87、 industries. Do looks affect getting hired, getting promoted, and making more money? And if so, what can you do about it?Now lets see whats behind the Scenes.Research gives us a few clues into how a womans appearance may influence her advancement ability. A study conducted by NYU sociologist Dalton
88、Conley and NYU graduate student Rebecca Glauber found that womens weight gain results in a decrease in both their income level and job prestige. By contrast, men experience no such negative effects.A more recent study designed and executed by researchers at Harvard University, Boston University, and
89、 the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute found that women wearing more makeup were judged to be more competent than those wearing less makeup or no makeup. Makeup was found to increase peoples perceptions of a womans likability and trustworthiness as well.Despite these research implications, many are reluc
90、tant to admit that a womans personal appearance influences decisions around hiring and promotion, according to Steve Stroum, president of Venmark International. Stroum explains a key reason for this is that personal appearance falls into the subliminal （下意识的）judgment part of the brain. He compares t
91、he situation to the automotive industry placing bright red convertibles （敞篷车）in their showrooms, only to sell white cars. In the same sense, a womans personal appearance is a hidden persuader, says Stroum. Nobody will admit that something as trivial will impact their decision-making process. but it
92、does.”Marc L. Resnick, Ph.D., professor of human factors at Bentley University College of Business, reinforces this position. My research finds that when making decisions, people are influenced by a variety of factors that are explicitly conscious and unconscious, says Resnick. So even for a hiring
93、manager that knows of this tendency and forces him/herself to suppress it, it is still an influence.56. According to the studies, what kind of women could get more advancement?A. Women with more weight.B. Women wearing makeup.C. Women having convertibles.D. Women with talents.57. Why do many people
94、deny that a womans personal appearance influences her career?A. Because it is irrelevant to her career.B. Because it is too superficial.C. Because it is the subconscious part in the brain.D. Because it can arouse womens jealous emotion.58. What does explicitly in the passage mean?A. clearlyB. indire
95、ctlyC. extensivelyD. ambiguously59. What is the main topic of the passage?A. Whether peoples personal appearance influences their job career.B. Whether peoples consciousness influences making a decision.C. Whether colors influences automotive industry.D. Whether peoples talent influence their promot
96、ion.【答案】56. B 57. C 58. A 59. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是讲人们的外表是否影响他们的职业生涯并描述了研究的结果。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“A more recent study designed and executed by researchers at Harvard University, Boston University, and the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute found that women wearing more makeup were judged to be more com
97、petent than those wearing less makeup or no makeup.”(哈佛大学、波士顿大学和达纳法伯癌症研究所的研究人员最近设计并实施的一项研究发现，化妆次数多的女性比化妆次数少或不化妆的女性更有能力。)可知，化妆的女人更容易升职。故选B。【57题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段第二句“Stroum explains a key reason for this is that personal appearance falls into the subliminal （下意识的）judgment part of the brain.”(斯特罗姆解释说，这其中的一
98、个关键原因是，个人外表属于大脑的潜意识判断部分。)可知，因为它是大脑的潜意识部分，所以许多人否认一个女人的个人外表会影响她的事业。故选C。【58题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段第二句中的“conscious and unconscious”(有意识的和无意识的)和最后一句“So even for a hiring manager that knows of this tendency and forces him/herself to suppress it, it is still an influence.”(因此，即使招聘经理知道这种趋势，并强迫自己抑制它，它仍然是一种影响。)可知，这些
99、因素是有意识的还是无意识的是清晰可见的，是本人可以判断出来的。所以explicitly意为“清晰地”。故选A。【59题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“But have you ever wondered whether factors unrelated to your work performance, such as personal appearance, influence your chances for advancement?”(但是你有没有想过，与你的工作表现无关的因素，比如个人外表，是否会影响你升职的机会？)和第二段最后两句“Do looks affect gettin
100、g hired, getting promoted, and making more money? And if so, what can you do about it?”(长相会影响你被雇佣，升职，赚更多的钱吗？如果是这样，你能做些什么？)以及第三段“Now lets see whats behind the Scenes.”(现在让我们看看幕后的情况。)可知，文章主要是讲人们的外表是否影响他们的职业生涯并描述了研究的结果。故选A。(B)Public Notice of Sleep No More Shanghai1. What protective measures at Sleep N
101、o More have been put in place? The show area will be cleaned with disinfectant three times a day, including before and after each performance. The number or audiences for each performance will not exceed 75% or maximum capacity. All audience and staff members are required to wear face masks in the s
102、how area. To leave sufficient time for disinfection, the start time for matinee (日场) performance on weekends has been adjusted to 14:00.2. What do I need to prepare before the show? Are there any adjustments to the show? Please apply for the Shanghai Health Code and check that its green in advance.
103、Before entry, the body temperature of all audience members must be taken. Audience members will not be admitted under any of the following circumstances: dont wear your face mask; your Shanghai Health Code is invalid or not in a green status; your body temperature is above 37.3; any other symptom of
104、 COVID-19 is observed. The McKinnon Hotels customized will be on sale for audience.3. Is the Sleep No More company monitoring the health status of its performers as well as staff members?All Chinese and international performers as well as staff members of Sleep No More have been quarantined for 14 d
105、ays with no symptoms. Body temperatures are taken and recorded daily. Any member of the company will be put in self-quarantine if they report any symptoms and sent to hospital if necessary.4. After booking online, can I collect my paper ticket beforehand? To minimize risk, it is now possible to coll
106、ect paper tickets before the date of show at the box office. Please collect your tickets at the Sleep No More box office up to two weeks in advance. Audience members will be admitted via their paper tickets. Kind reminder: please keep your papers ticket safe as it will not be replaced if lost. The b
107、ox office will be open from 10:30 to 17:00, seven days a week.5. After booking, can I get a refund for my ticket or exchange it for another date?If the booked performance is cancelled due to force majeure, ticket refunds or exchanges will be available.Otherwise, ticket exchange is only available und
108、er any of the following circumstances: The audience member cannot come to show due to COVID-19 The audience members body temperature is above 37.3 and cannot be admitted to Sleep No More.60. Which of the following is not included in protective measures?A. The show area must be thoroughly disinfected
109、.B. The audience number is limited.C. All the audience must wear face masks.D. Public restrooms are forbidden.61. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. Audience can enter the show area at noon on weekends.B. Audience can exchange e-tickets for paper tickets up to 14 days in adv
110、ance.C. If audience hold the Shanghai Health Code, they dont need to take body temperature.D. International performers have been quarantined for 14 days before entering China.62. Which of the following situation allows audience to keep the ticket valid?A. Audience meet with force majeure.B. Audience
111、 lose the paper tickets.C. Audience are infected with COVID-19 after booking the tickets.D. Audience have close contact with performers of the show.【答案】60. D 61. B 62. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章是上海Sleep No More演出的观众入场须知。【60题详解】推理判断题。通过文章第一部分“The show area will be cleaned with disinfectant three times a da
112、y, including before and after each performance. The number or audiences for each performance will not exceed 75% or maximum capacity. All audience and staff members are required to wear face masks in the show area. (表演区域每天用消毒剂清洗三次，包括每次表演前后。每次演出的人数或观众人数不得超过75%或最大容量。所有观众和工作人员在展区必须戴口罩)”可知，展区必须彻底消毒，观众人数
113、有限，以及所有的观众都必须戴口罩都属于防护措施，可推知，禁止使用公共厕所不属于防护措施。故选D项。【61题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四部分“Please collect your tickets at the Sleep No More box office up to two weeks in advance. Audience members will be admitted via their paper tickets. (请提前两周到Sleep No More票房取票。观众将通过纸质门票入场)”可推知，观众最多可提前14天将电子门票兑换成纸质门票。故选B项。【62题详解】细节理解题
114、。通过文章最后一部分“Otherwise, ticket exchange is only available under any of the following circumstances: The audience member cannot come to show due to COVID-19. (否则，只有在下列任何情况下，才可换票：观众因COVID-19无法前来观看演出)”可知，在观众在订票后感染了COVID-19的情况下，允许观众保留门票有效。故选C项。(C)Nobody ever said science education was easy. Certainly the
115、concepts like quantum mechanics can be hard to grasp. But what really complicates the endeavor is that were also trying to teach the subject while helping students understand the nature of science itself.All too often, young people get the impression that science is about learning certain laws and t
116、hen applying them to different situations. Rather, science is the process of building the concepts through the collection of experimental evidence. Lets not call these concepts laws, but models. Science is all about building and testing models.Of course, we cant start from scratch. If students had t
117、o build their own models from the ground up, it would be like trying to learn programming by inventing computers. As Isaac Newton said, we stand on the shoulders of giants. We must go from models built by others.But theres still another challenge in science education less recognized: Students often
118、enter a course with their own unarticulated ideas about how the world works. We call these misconceptions but its important to realize that these are also models, based on their life experiences, which make sense to the students.What Id like to suggest is that this actually provides a great way into
119、 the adventure of science and an opportunity to meet our objectives as educators. If you can create a situation that challenges students assumptions and produces conceptual conflict, thats a great opportunity for learning.Heres an example that Ive used on the topic of light rays. I set up a point li
120、ght source and put a piece of cardboard in front of it. Theres a small pinhole in the cardboard and a white screen behind. What do you expect to see? No surprise: A light shining through a pinhole makes a dot on the screen. But what if I have TWO light sources with the same single hole? Many student
121、s complain that science is tricky.OK, that is a problem. The point isnt supposed to be that science is tricky but that learning is tricky. Its hard to change students ideas, so we deliberately put them in a position to confront their internal model. Here, students have the idea that the spot on the
122、screen is due to the pinhole - a natural conclusion - so one hole means one spot. But actually light travels radially outward from each light source in straight lines. (Check the top view (俯视图)of the two lights, the pinhole, and the screen below.)But really, the answer is not the point. What Im sayi
123、ng here is that in education, we set things up so students get it wrong. Thats how they learn. Learning requires getting past their own ideas. You cant get physically fit without breaking a sweat and you cant really learn, at a fundamental level, without a little conflict in your head. (477 words)63
124、. The italicized phrase from scratch in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _.A. from the very beginningB. based on basic conceptsC. according to various situationsD. under the guidance of predecessors64. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. The leaching of the comp
125、lex science concepts is the most difficult.B. Learning science is all about putting theory to practice.C. Life experiences contribute to students knowledge of the world.D. Students own idea of how things work isnt eligible for a model.65. The top view mentioned in the writers experiment is.A. B. C.
126、D. 66. According to the writer, whats the best way to teach science?A. Get the concepts and laws across to the students clearly.B. Help students to distinctively tell laws and models apart.C. Make science questions less tricky and more to the point.D. Set up experiments to challenge students predict
127、ions.【答案】63. A 64. C 65. C 66. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过举例和比喻论证来表达自己对如何进行科学教育的观点。【63题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段第二句“If students had to build their own models from the ground up, it would be like trying to learn programming by inventing computers.”(如果学生们必须从头开始建立自己的模型，那就像是试图通过发明计算机来学习编程。)可知，此处是讲我们不能从头开始，不然就像是试图通过发明计
128、算机来学习编程，这完全没有必要。所以from scratch意为“从最开始”。故选A。【64题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第一二句“Students often enter a course with their own unarticulated ideas about how the world works.We call these “misconceptions” but its important to realize that these are also models, based on their life experiences, which “make sense” to
129、the students.”(学生们在进入一门课程时，往往会对世界如何运转有自己无法表达的想法。我们称之为“误解”，但重要的是要认识到，这些也是模型，基于他们的生活经验，这对学生“有意义”。)可知，生活经验有助于学生了解世界。所以选项C是正确的。故选C。【65题详解】推理判断题。根据倒第二段倒第二句“Here, students have the idea that the spot on the screen is due to the pinhole - a natural conclusion - so one hole means one spot.”(在这里，学生们认为屏幕上的斑点是
130、由针孔造成的这是一个自然的结论所以一个孔意味着一个斑点。)和转折词but可知，事实与学生认为的相反，再根据最后一句“But actually light travels radially outward from each light source in straight lines.”(但实际上，光从每个光源以直线呈放射状向外传播。)，所以每个光源都会有一条光线通过针孔照在屏幕上，也就是说屏幕上会有两个光点，且光源以直线呈放射状向外传播。故选C。【66题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句到第三句“What Im saying here is that in education, we se
131、t things up so students get it wrong. Thats how they learn. Learning requires getting past their own ideas.”(我在这里说是，在教育中，我们设置了一些东西，这样学生就错了。他们就是这样学习的。学习需要克服自己的想法。)结合上文提到的光源在屏幕上形成光点的实验可推知，作者认为教授科学最好的方式是设置实验来挑战学生的预测。故选D。Section C （8 分）Directions: Read the following passage and choose the most suitable
132、statement from A-F for each blank. There are two extra statements, which you do not need.A diet to save humankindWhen I was a child my family would always sit down together for meals. My favourite was among the simplest: pasta in tomato sauce. We ate fresh vegetables and fruit, and, starting in our
133、teenage years, sipped a glass of red wine. We ate together. I indulged with a few slices of prosciutto and practised a wide variety of outdoor sports. This centuries-old Mediterranean diet kept me fit and trim - and turned out to be good not just for my personal well-being, but for the planets healt
134、h too.In 2021 we will celebrate the tenth anniversary of UNESCOs designation of this Mediterranean diet as a “Cultural Heritage of Humanity”. _67_ We have started to eat more fast food and have increased our portions. Fewer Italians enjoy social meals with family and friends. Italian children were a
135、mong the most overweight in a recent study of 30 countries.Poor nutrition is a global problem, not just an Italian one. The fact that its hitting Italy, the land where the Mediterranean diet originated, represents a dangerous paradox one of many afflicting the world of food. After years of decline,
136、hunger is back on the rise. Globally, some 821m people still do not have enough to eat. Yet while the poor south starves, the rich north gorges: some 2bn people are overweight or obese. We waste one-third of global food production. _68_69_ The worlds population is expected to increase by 2.3bn peopl
137、e by 2050, fuelling demand for meat. Since the end of the second world war the global food system has focused on producing more food for more people but then wastes huge amounts of it. A paradigm shift is needed. Production must concentrate on delivering better, more nutritious food. The UNs Sustain
138、able Development Goals can show us the way. They aim to “end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture”. These goals are ambitious but achievable.Governments must provide incentives to support sustainable agriculture, slash food waste and meet nutrition
139、al challenges. This does not just mean taxing unhealthy foods. _70_ Companies must not be short-sighted, either. They should support legislation requiring them to embrace sustainability.We must change our diet. A food and environment pyramid which highlights the close links between foods nutritional
140、 value and environmental impact has been devised. This “double pyramid” is based on the traditional Mediterranean diet of my childhood. Everyone can and must continue to have fun at the dinner table while eating what is good for our health and our planet.A. Without a change in our diets, this disast
141、rous cycle will worsen.B. Farmers should use fertilizers more efficiently and reduce costs.C. It is a diet lull of vegetables, fruits and whole grains, with only occasional meat.D. Livestock consume an estimated two-thirds of all the land dedicated to agriculture and contribute about half of farming
142、-related greenhouse-gas emissions.E. Unfortunately, Italians have been turning away from their traditional healthy diet.F. A more effective policy is to make healthy food, accessible and affordable for consumers and profitable for farmers.【答案】67. E 68. A 69. D 70. F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了为什么要改变我们
143、的饮食，提出了一些可能实现的改变方法，呼吁人们吃对我们的健康和地球均有益的东西。【67题详解】通过下文“Fewer Italians enjoy social meals with family and friends. Italian children were among the most overweight in a recent study of 30 countries. (越来越少的意大利人喜欢与家人和朋友共进社交晚餐。在最近对30个国家进行的一项研究中，意大利儿童是最超重的国家之一)”可知，意大利儿童是最超重的国家之一，可推知，他们目前的饮食不健康。E项“不幸的是，意大利人已经
144、开始远离他们传统的健康饮食。”符合文意。故选E项。【68题详解】上文“Globally, some 821m people still do not have enough to eat. Yet while the poor south starves, the rich north gorges: some 2bn people are overweight or obese. We waste one-third of global food production. (全球约有8.21亿人仍然没有足够的食物。然而，当贫穷的南方挨饿时，富裕的北方却陷入困境：大约20亿人超重或肥胖。我们浪费
145、了全球粮食产量的三分之一)”指出，全球发展不均衡，南方人挨饿而北方人普遍超重。A项“如果不改变我们的饮食，这个灾难性的循环将会恶化。”将上文所提情况总结成“灾难性的循环”，并且提倡人们改变饮食，符合文意。故选A项。【69题详解】通过下文“The worlds population is expected to increase by 2.3bn people by 2050, fuelling demand for meat. Since the end of the second world war the global food system has focused on producin
146、g more food for more people but then wastes huge amounts of it. A paradigm shift is needed. Production must concentrate on delivering better, more nutritious food. The UNs Sustainable Development Goals can show us the way. They aim to “end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and pro
147、mote sustainable agriculture”. These goals are ambitious but achievable. (预计到2050年，世界人口将增加23亿，从而刺激对肉类的需求。自第二次世界大战结束以来，全球粮食系统一直致力于为更多的人生产更多的粮食，但随后却浪费了大量粮食。需要一种范式转变。生产必须集中精力提供更好、更有营养的食物。联合国的可持续发展目标可以为我们指明方向。它们的目标是“结束饥饿，实现粮食安全和改善营养，促进可持续农业”。这些目标雄心勃勃，但可以实现)”可知，本段主要讲述了目前粮食被浪费的现状以及目标解决办法。D项“据估计，畜牧业消耗了全部农业
148、用地的三分之二，并贡献了农业相关温室气体排放量的一半左右。”指出了全球粮食系统一直致力于为更多的人生产更多的粮食，但随后却浪费了大量粮食的原因，符合段意。故选D项。【70题详解】上文“Governments must provide incentives to support sustainable agriculture, slash food waste and meet nutritional challenges. This does not just mean taxing unhealthy foods. (各国政府必须提供激励措施，支持可持续农业，减少食物浪费，并应对营养方面的挑
149、战。这不仅仅意味着对不健康食品征税)”指出，政府必须提供激励措施，支持可持续农业，设空处承上启下，下文“Companies must not be short-sighted, either. They should support legislation requiring them to embrace sustainability. (公司也不能轻视。他们应该支持要求他们接受可持续性的立法。)”说明，公司也应该对有效的政策重视起来。F项“一个更有效的政策是使健康食品，消费者可以获得和负担得起，农民有利可图的。”符合文意，承上启下。故选F项。第二卷（50分）IV. Summary Writ
150、ing （10 分）71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Why Mindset Mastery Is Vital to Your SuccessThe single most important factor influencing a persons success, whether perso
151、nal or professional, is mindset. What you think about has a direct impact on your behavior, and not the other way around. A seemingly small thing that makes a huge difference, mindset accounts for the primary distinction between those who succeed and those who do not. And, if you are serious about a
152、chieving success in any area of your life, you must learn to master yours.To successfully accomplish any worthwhile feat, a person must first feel capable of achieving it. It doesnt matter what anyone else thinks. Mindset is essential to developing healthy self-esteem. It is an important tool that a
153、ffects our daily self-dialogue and strengthen our beliefs, attitudes and feelings about ourselves. So, become the gatekeeper of your mind and plant seeds of positivity rather than criticism and doubt.Besides, mindset is critical to drive. Drive is the constant determination to achieve an important o
154、bjective. It includes the process of developing a vision for success and engaging in sustained effort over time. Without drive, achieving most goals would be difficult at best. With the power to direct focus and encourage commitment to higher purpose, mindset can easily urge someone to push past com
155、fort zones. People with drive are self-motivated and strive to accomplish more.No matter what goal you seek to achieve, the path to your success is sure to include some challenges. When facing an extreme hardship, a person may feel justified in bowing to defeat. For them, it can feel like an easy ro
156、ad. If you want to get through them, however, you will need to develop thick skin and learn to lace each challenge head on. Yet, this is where mindset plays a critical role. The capacity to move through the fire, to get knocked down and not knocked out, is the proof to the power of a strong mindset.
157、Are you ready to command your results? If so, make a conscious decision to master your mindset and reach for greater success in the new year and beyond.【答案】People should master their mindset because it is important to their success. Developing a positive mindset strengthens our self-esteem / confide
158、nce, thus helping us to succeed. Mindset gives people the drive to make efforts and achieve higher goals/ greater success. A strong mindset enables people to face challenges instead of giving up.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，人们应该掌握自己的心态，因为这对他们的成功很重要。培养积极的心态可以增强我们的自尊，从而帮助我们成功。心态使人们有动力去努力，实现更高的目标。坚强的心态使人们能够面
159、对挑战而不是放弃。【详解】1 要点摘录The single most important factor influencing a persons success, whether personal or professional, is mindset. And, if you are serious about achieving success in any area of your life, you must learn to master yours.Mindset is essential to developing healthy self-esteem. So, become
160、 the gatekeeper of your mind and plant seeds of positivity rather than criticism and doubt.Besides, mindset is critical to drive. With the power to direct focus and encourage commitment to higher purpose, mindset can easily urge someone to push past comfort zones. People with drive are self-motivate
161、d and strive to accomplish more.No matter what goal you seek to achieve, the path to your success is sure to include some challenges. The capacity to move through the fire, to get knocked down and not knocked out, is the proof to the power of a strong mindset.2.缜密构思将第1、3两个要点进行重组，将第2、4两个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句
162、Developing a positive mindset strengthens our self-esteem / confidence, which helps us to succeed.Mindset is so important to success that people should master it.【点睛】高分句型1 Developing a positive mindset strengthens our self-esteem / confidence, thus helping us to succeed. (运用了现在分词作状语和动名词作主语)高分句型2 Min
163、dset is so important to success that people should master it. (运用了“so.that.”固定句式)V. Translation （15 分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English using the words given in the brackets.72. 请务必将此信息与家人和朋友分享。（sure ）(汉译英)【答案】Please make/be sure to share this information with your family an
164、d friends.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定短语、名词和祈使句。根据句意可知，此处应用祈使句句型。根据提示可知，表示“务必做某事”应用短语make/be sure to do，表示“和某人分享”应用share sth with sb，表示“信息”应用名词information。再结合其它句意，故翻译为Please make/be sure to share this information with your family and friends.。73. 他得到提升的一个原因是因他深知如何与人相处。（Why ）(汉译英)【答案】One reason why he has been p
165、romoted is that he knows well how to get along with others.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句、现在完成时、表语从句、一般现在时、动词、动词短语和被动语态。表示“原因”应用名词reason，此处用why引导定语从句修饰先行词reason，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响或结果，所以从句用现在完成时。表示“提升”应用动词promote，和主语he构成被动关系。表示“他深知如何与人相处”应用表语从句，从句不缺少成分和意义，所以用that引导。此处描述现在的事实，应用一般现在时。表示“与相处”应用动词短语get along with。
166、再结合其它句意，故翻译为One reason why he has been promoted is that he knows well how to get along with others.。74. 虽然我们明白，我们的努力立竿见影，但也不能洋洋得意。（Despite ）(汉译英)【答案】Despite our efforts that we know have produced an immediate effect, we should not appear to be walking on air.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查介词、定语从句、一般过去时和固定短语。根据提示可知，表
167、示“虽然”应用介词despite，其后应用名词effort(努力)作宾语，在our后应用复数形式。此处应用定语从句表示“我们明白立竿见影的”修饰先行词efforts，在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为efforts，所以可用关系代词that引导。表示“立竿见影”可用动词短语produce an immediate effect，表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，所以从句时态应用现在完成时。表示“洋洋得意”可用短语walk on air。再结合其它汉语意思，故翻译为Despite our efforts that we know have produced an immediate effect,
168、we should not appear to be walking on air.75. 在任何情况下，我们都不要嘲笑别人，因为过往的经历教导我们，嘲笑别人的结果就是自己被嘲笑。（end ）(汉译英)【答案】Under no circumstances should we laugh at others, as past experiences have taught us that laughing at others usually ends up being laughed at by others.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词短语、动名词的被动形式、部分倒装、介词短语、现在完成时
169、、一般现在时、宾语从句和原因状语从句。表示“在任何情况下都不”应用介词短语under no circumstances，放在句首句子应用部分倒装。表示“嘲笑”应用动词短语laugh at。表示“因为”应用as引导原因状语从句，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生结果或影响，所以应用现在完成时。表示“经历”应用名词experience。表示“嘲笑别人的结果就是自己被嘲笑”应用宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分和意义，所以用that引导，此处为客观真理，所以应用一般现在时。根据提示，表示“以做某事告终”应用动词短语end up doing，用动名词作宾语，此处表示被动，应用动名词的被动形式。再结合其它句意，故
170、翻译为Under no circumstances should we laugh at others, as past experiences have taught us that laughing at others usually ends up being laughed at by others.。VI. Guided Writing （25 分）76. Directions: Write an English composition in about 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chines
171、e. 假设你是名启中学的学生李明，你时常听到小区里爷爷奶奶们说起不会扫二维码、打不着车、没有健康码无法乘坐公交车的尴尬场景。请你就此事给上海市信访办的人民建议征集处写一封信，内容包括：1.反映当前存在的问题；2.提出解决办法。【答案】Dear Sir&Madam,My name is Li Hua, a student from Mingqi Middle School. I am writing to you to reflect a problem. I often hear old people in the community say that they cant scan the Q
172、R code, cant get a taxi, cant take a bus or other transportation tools without a health code, which makes them often encounter embarrassing moments in their lives.The old people have contributed their whole life to our happiness and health. Faced with their predicament, I think we should take measur
173、es to help them. First of all, regarding the health code, we should stipulate that the elderly can also enter public places or take transportation by using their ID cards. Secondly, since most of the payment methods are now mobile payment, it is urgent to organize volunteers to teach the elderly to
174、use mobile payment, taxi-hailing apps and scan QR codes.Yours sincerely,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给上海市信访办的人民建议征集处写一封信，反映当前老人不会扫二维码、打不着车、没有健康码无法乘坐公交车的问题并提出解决办法。【详解】1.词汇积累遭遇：encounterexperience贡献：contributedevote关于：regardingconcerning面对：be faced with=face2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：I often hear old people in th
175、e community say that they cant scan the QR code, cant get a taxi, cant take a bus or other transportation tools without a health code, which makes them often encounter embarrassing moments in their lives.拓展句：I often hear old people in the community say that they cant scan the QR code, cant get a tax
176、i, cant take a bus or other transportation tools without a health code, thus making them often encounter embarrassing moments in their lives.【点睛】高分句型1 I often hear old people in the community say that they cant scan the QR code, cant get a taxi, cant take a bus or other transportation tools without a health code, which makes them often encounter embarrassing moments in their lives. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)高分句型2 Faced with their predicament, I think we should take measures to help them. (运用了过去分词作状语)