1、上海市控江中学2018-2019学年高一英语下学期开学考试试题（含解析）II. GrammarSection ADirections: Beneath each of following sentences there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentences.1._ the coming talent competition, he has spent all his free time making preparation.A. WinB. Win
2、ningC. Having wonD. To win【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了赢得即将到来的才艺比赛，他把所有的空闲时间都花在了准备上。分析句子结构可知win在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且本句中作目的状语应用不定式To win。故选D。2.In the middle of the lake _ a huge island, _ lives a phantom.A. lies, whereB. locates, whereC. stands, in whichD. is situated, that【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查倒装句和定语从句。句意：湖中央有一个巨大的岛
3、屿，里面住着一个幽灵。A. lies位于；B. locates使安置于；位于；C. stands位于（某处）；D. is situated；situate使位于。表示方位的介词短语In the middle of the lake位于句首，句子需要半倒装。分析句子成分可知，分句“_ lives a phantom.”修饰前边的名词island，且有逗号，因此是非限制性定语从句，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，排除D；又因先行词island在从句中作主语，where引导定语从句在从句中作状语，也可用介词in + which。故排除A，B。C项符合句意和语法。故选C。【点睛】担当定语功能的句子称
4、为定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词等称为先行词，先行词一般出现在定语从句之前。有时先行词是整个句子。关系词可以指代先行词，因此在从句中不能再重复先行词或指先行词的代词。关系副词where在从句中指代地点，可以是表示地点的名词，也可以是表示模糊地点或抽象地点的名词，在从句中作地点状语。3._ of current news, whether it is domestics or overseas, is his daily routine.A. Being informedB. InformedC. InformingD. Having been informed【答案】A【解析】【详解】考
5、查非谓语动词。句意：了解时事新闻，无论是国内还是海外，都是他的日常工作。分析句子结构可知inform在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且主句缺少主语，故应用动名词短语作主语，且此处表示被动应用being done形式。故选A。4.Many people feel nervous _ they attend a concert, so I recommend _ the hall early to have enough time _ yourself comfortable.A. at the first time, arriving, to makeB. the first time, to arr
6、ive, makingC. for the first time, reaching, makingD. the first time, getting to, to make【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查状语从句和非谓语动词。句意：很多人第一次参加音乐会时感到紧张，所以我推荐你早点到大厅有充足时间让你自己舒服一些。第一个空后面是从句要用连词，the first time引导状语从句。第二个空recommend后面用动名词，第三个空考查有时间做某事have time to do。故选D。5._ hip-hop is popular with youngsters, Im still not a
7、ccustomed _ it.A. As, to appreciatingB. Although, to appreciateC. Even though, to appreciatingD. While, to appreciate【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查状语从句和非谓语动词。句意：即使嘻哈很受年轻人的欢迎，我仍然不习惯不能欣赏它。第一个空是状语从句。根据Im still not accustomed得知我不习惯嘻哈，即使它很流行。第二个空be accustomed to doing是固定短语，表示习惯于，故选C。6.Mother Teresa _ great contribution
8、 to the world peace, _ she was awarded the Nobel Price in 1979.A. might have made, becauseB. must have made, forC. could have make, sinceD. should have make, as【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词及原因状语从句。句意：特蕾莎修女对世界和平一定做出了巨大的贡献，因为她在1979年获得了诺贝尔奖。分析句子，情态动词+have done表示对过去的猜测。根据后句的“她获得了1979年诺贝奖”可以推测，特蕾莎修女对世界和平一定做了很多贡献。m
9、ust have done 表示过去一定做了某事。A. might have made 可能已经做了；C. could have make 本来能够做；D. should have make 本应该做却。分析句意，ACD皆不符合。另外根据“she was awarded the Nobel Price in 1979.”可知，第二空应填表示“因为”的引导词来引导原因状语从句。综合分析，故选B项。III. Vocabulary:Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word c
10、an only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30, 1835-April 21, 1910), better known by his pen name Mark Twain, was an American author and humorist. Twain grew up in Hannibal, Missouri, which provided the _7_ for Huckleberry Finn and Tom Saw
11、yer. After an apprenticeship with a printer, he worked as a typesetter and _8_ articles to the newspaper of his older brother, Orion Clemens. He later became a riverboat pilot on the Mississippi River before heading west to join Orion in Nevada. He referred humorously to his singular lack of success
12、 at mining, turning to journalism for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise. In 1865, his _9_ story The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras spent some time as a miner. The short story brought international attention, and was even translated into _10_ Greek. His wit and satire, in prose and in sp
13、eech, earned _11_ from critics and peers, and he was a friend to presidents, artists, industrialists, and European royalty.Though Twain earned a great deal of money from his writings and lectures, he _12_ in ventures that lost a great deal of money, notably the Paige Compositor, a mechanical typeset
14、ter, which failed because of its _13_ and imprecision. Following these financial setbacks, he filed for protection from his creditors via bankruptcy, and with the help of Henry Huttleston Rogers _14_ overcame his financial troubles. Twain chose to pay all his pre-bankruptcy creditors in full, though
15、 he had no legal responsibility to do so.Twain was born _15_ after a visit by Halleys Comet, and he predicted that he would go out with it, too. He died the day after the comet returned. He _16_ himself as the “greatest American humorist of his age”, and William Faulkner called Twain “the father of
16、American literature”.【答案】7. F 8. B 9. H 10. G 11. J 12. A 13. K 14. I 15. C 16. E【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了马克吐温的生平历史。【7题详解】考查名词。句意：吐温在密苏里州的汉尼拔长大，那里是哈克贝利费恩历险记和汤姆索亚历险记的发生地。分析句子，划线前的定冠词修饰名词充当动词provide的宾语。分析句意，马克吐温成长的地方是后面两部小说的发生地。故选F项。【8题详解】考查动词。句意：在印刷学徒期结束后，他当了一名排字工，并为他的哥哥Orion Clemens的报纸撰稿。分析句意，此处需填动词和and前面的动
17、词work构成并列关系。根据划线后提到了“报纸文章”可知，此处应填“投稿”。故选B项。【9题详解】考查形容词。句意：1865年，他的当矿工期间写了幽默故事卡拉韦拉斯的著名跳蛙。分析句子，此处需填入形容词来修饰划线后的名词。在根据前句提到马克吐温是幽默小说家，故此处写的应是“幽默小说”。故选H项。【10题详解】考查形容词。句意：这部短篇小说引起了国际上的关注，甚至被翻译成古典希腊语。分析句子，划线处需填入形容词来修饰后面的“希腊语”。备选项中剩余D和G为形容词。根据语义，此处表示“古典希腊语”。故选G项。【11题详解】考查名词。句意：他在散文和演讲中的机智和讽刺赢得了评论家和同行的赞扬，他是总统
18、、艺术家、实业家和欧洲皇室的朋友。分析句子，划线部分应填入名词充当动词earn的宾语。根据前文提到他的短篇小说引起了国际上的关注，同时划线后还提到了他成为很多重要人物的朋友。故此处应该表示得到了很多人的赞扬。故选J项。【12题详解】考查动词。句意：虽然吐温从写作和演讲中赚了很多钱，但他投资的风险却损失了很多钱。分析句子，此处需填入动词来充当he的谓语。根据划线后面提到的“损失很多钱”可知，这是因为“投资”导致的。故选A项。【13题详解】考查名词。句意：但他投资的企业却损失惨重，尤其是佩奇排字机，一种机械排字机，由于其复杂性和不精确性而失败。分析句子，此处需填入名词和and后面的“不精确”构成并
19、列一同被its修饰。分析句意，投资佩奇排字机失败的原因是因为它的复杂性和不精确性。故选K项。【14题详解】考查副词。句意：在这些财务挫折之后，他通过破产申请保护债权人，在亨利哈特尔斯顿罗杰斯的帮助下，他最终克服了财务困难。分析句子，划线前提到他破产了，划线后一句提到他全额偿付破产前的所有债权人。说明在朋友的帮助之下，他最终克服了财务困难。故选I项。【15题详解】考查副词。句意：吐温出生在哈雷彗星造访之后不久，他预言自己也会和哈雷彗星一起消失。分析句子，划线后提到的预言在下一次哈雷彗星再次到来的第二天就应验了。由此可知，他是在哈雷彗星造访之后不久出生的。故选C项。【16题详解】考查动词。句意：他
20、自封为“当时最伟大的美国幽默家”。分析句子，此处需要用动词来充当谓语。根据句意，马克吐温认为自己是那个时代最伟大的美国幽默家。establish oneself as 译为 确立自己作为。是固定搭配，故选E项。III. Reading ComprehensionSection A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best
21、fits the context.The famous American inventor Thomas Alva Edison once claimed that genius was one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration(汗水). Now, it seems, there is scientific evidence to _17_ his claim. The idea that geniuses such as Shakespeare, Mozart, and Picasso possessed cer
22、tain inborn talents is a false belief, according to a study by a British psychologist and his colleagues.After examining outstanding performance in the arts and sports, these researchers concluded that _18_ is determined by opportunity, encouragement, training, motivation, self-confidence, and most
23、important of all _19_ Even people who were not thought to be _20_ with any special talent could, after having received training, reach levels _21_ considered attainable (可获得的) only by gifted individuals. Talent is a false belief, and it is time that people got rid of it, they said.This theory a dram
24、atic _22_ with traditional beliefs has been _23_ by academics worldwide. In fact, studies of accomplished artists and mathematicians, and top tennis players and swimmers, have reported few early signs of _24_ in these people before any parental encouragement. No case has been found of anyone reachin
25、g the highest levels of achievement without _25_ himself or herself to thousands of hours of serious training. Even those who are believed to be exceptionally talented whether in music, mathematics, chess, or sports have needed lengthy periods of instruction and practice to achieve their highest lev
26、el of success. The persistent false belief that some people reach high levels of performance without spending numerous hours practicing _26_ much to the fact that their practice is usually outside the casual observers view, stated one scientist.The importance of practice has been noticed in athletic
27、s. For instance, differences in the composition of certain muscles were once thought to be _27_ predictors of athletic performance. However, the differences in the proportion of certain muscle fibers(组织) that are _28_ for success in long-distance running are largely the result of extended practice i
28、n running.“What makes a genius then?” one may ask. _29_ , there is no clear answer. What is known, however, is that nurture is at least as important as nature? _30_, a supportive environment will do far more for a childs prospects of success than any inborn gifts. This is a message that most of us w
29、ill find _31_ even if we havent won the gene lottery, our fate is still in our own hands.17. A. makeB. challengeC. supportD. dismiss18 A. excellenceB. harmonyC. negotiationD. response19. A. educationB. practiceC. fortuneD. character20. A. satisfiedB. concernedC. decoratedD. gifted21. A. preciouslyB.
30、 practicallyC. previouslyD. primarily22. A. breakB. associationC. partnershipD. relief23. A. doubtedB. concludedC. mentionedD. applauded24. A. accomplishmentB. treasureC. diligenceD. inspiration25. A. adaptingB. attachingC. linkingD. devoting26. A. carriesB. leavesC. owesD. connects27. A. creativeB.
31、 reliableC. naturalD. active28. A. essentialB. suitableC. possibleD. feasible29. A. UnlikelyB. SimilarlyC. HopefullyD. Unfortunately30. A. To sum upB. In other wordsC. For exampleD. In addition31. A. misleadingB. puzzlingC. comfortingD. amusing【答案】17. C 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. A 25.
32、D 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了研究的新发现：天赋不是成功的唯一因素，通过不断的强化练习也可以成功。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，似乎有科学证据支持他的说法。A. make使得，制造；B. challenge挑战C. support支持；D. dismiss解散，解雇。分析上下文，下文提到“莎士比亚、莫扎特和毕加索等天才具有天生才能的观点是错误”。同时后文提到了通过“练习”可以实现某些成就。因此此处表示科学证据来 “支持”他的说法。故选C项。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在考察了在艺术和体育方面的
33、杰出表现后，这些研究人员得出结论，优秀是由机会、鼓励、训练和动机决定的。A. excellence优秀；B. harmony和谐；C. negotiation谈判；D. response响应。分析上下文，划线前提到是对艺术和体育方面的“杰出”表现进行考查。故此处得出的结论也应是“优秀”由很多因素决定。故选A项。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：卓越取决于机会、鼓励、训练、动力、自信，以及最重要的实践。A. education教育；B. practice实践；C. fortune运气，财富；D. character性质，品质。分析上下文，前文提及“卓越取决于机会、鼓励、训练、动力、自信”可知
34、，此处的“实践”也是排除“天赋”成为优秀的条件之一。同时此处也和倒数第二段倒数第一行的practice构成呼应。故选B项。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使是那些被认为没有任何特殊天赋的人，在经过训练之后，也能达到以前认为只有天才才能达到的水平。A. satisfied感到满意的；B. concerned有关的；C. decorated装饰的；D. gifted有天赋的。be gifted with“有的天赋”，是固定短语。故选D项。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在经过训练之后，也能达到以前认为只有天才才能达到水平。A. preciously珍贵地；B. practicall
35、y实际地C. previously以前，先前；D. primarily首先，主要地。分析上下文，此处强调的是经过训练后，被认为没有任何天赋的人也能获得一些之前认为的只有那些天才才能获得的成就。故选C项。【22题详解】考查名词。句意：这一理论对传统信仰的戏剧性突破得到了全世界学术界的赞誉。A. break突破；B. association协会，联盟；C. partnership合伙；D. relief减轻，接触。分析上下文可知，研究者的这一观点是对传统的看法的突破。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一理论对传统信仰的戏剧性突破得到了全世界学术界的赞誉。A. doubted怀疑；B
36、. concluded结论；C. mentioned提及；D. applauded赞同。分析上下文，根据后文的对艺术家，数学家，运动员的举例可知，就是为了说明这一理论得到了很多人包括全世界学术界的认可。故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，对有成就的艺术家、数球运动员和游泳运动员的研究表明，在父母的鼓励之前，这些人几乎没有取得成就的早期迹象。A. accomplishment成就；B. treasure财富；C. diligence勤奋；D. inspiration灵感，启发。分析上下文，划线前提到“有成就的艺术家、数球运动员和游泳运动员”，所以此处是把后来的成就和早期进行对
37、比。认为在父母鼓励之前，他们没有取得成就的早期现象。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有发现任何人在不投入数千小时的认真训练的情况下就能达到最高成就的案例。A. adapting改编，适应；B. attaching附上，依恋；C. linking联系，相关联；D. devoting致力于。Devoteto“投身于，致力于”，是固定短语。分析上下文，此处强调的是必须将自己投身于训练中才有可能成功。后句通过举例在音乐、数学、国际象棋或体育方面极具天赋的人的例子来佐证这个观点。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一名科学家说，人们一直错误地认为，有些人不需要花费大量的时间
38、练习就能达到高水平的表现，这很大程度上是因为他们的练习通常不在一般观察者的视野之内。A. carries携带；B. leaves离开；C. owes把归功于；D. connects连接，联合。oweto“将归咎于”，是固定短语。分析句意，此处表达的是，可以将很多人的误解归咎于天才们的练习一般观察者的视野之内。故选C项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，某些肌肉组成的差异曾被认为是运动表现的可靠预测因素。A. creative有创意的；B. reliable可靠的；C. natural自然的；D. active活跃的。分析上下文，句中的“某些肌肉组成的差异”指的就是所谓的“天赋”。前
39、文提到“天赋”是成功的关键因素。故此处认为某些肌肉组成的差异是运动表现的可靠因素。故选B项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，某些对长跑成功至关重要的肌肉纤维所占比例的差异，很大程度上是长期跑步练习的结果。A. essential重要的；B. suitable适合的；C. possible可能的；D. feasible可行的，可能的。分析上下文，该段第一句话提到“在田径运动中，练习的重要性已经得到了重视”。此处呼应上文，此处表示长期跑步练习是成功的关键。故选A项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“那么是什么造就了天才呢？”有人可能会问。不幸的是，没有明确的答案。A. Unli
40、kely未必；B. Similarly类似地；C. Hopefully有希望地D. Unfortunately不幸地。分析上下文，前面提出一个问题，后面却表示没有明确的答案，由此可知，此处应表示“不幸地”。故选D项。【30题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：换句话说，对一个孩子的成功前景来说，一个支持性的环境比任何天生的天赋都更有帮助。A. To sum up总之；B. In other words换言之；C. For example例如；D. In addition另外，此外。分析上下文，前句提到“然而，我们所知道的是，教养至少和天性同等重要”，而空后的内容和前句表达同一个意思，是对前句进行解读
41、。故选B项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个让我们大多数人感到欣慰的消息即使我们没有赢得基因彩票，我们的命运仍然掌握在我们自己的手中。A. misleading误导的；B. puzzling令人费解的；C. comforting令人欣慰的；D. amusing有趣的。分析上下文，根据破折号后的内容，尽管我们决定不了基因但是我们的命运还是在我们手中，所以这是令人欣慰的消息。故选C项。Part TwoV. GrammarSection BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks with the
42、proper forms of the given worlds to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.Having nothing to write about is, perhaps, the greatest fear of a student about to begin an essay for an IELTS or TOEFL test. However, critical thinking isnt such a difficult skill to master. In fact, many of you
43、 will have already used this valuable skill in your life.Suppose one of your friends recommends a movie by saying ,“Its a really wonderful movie and definitely worth _32_ (watch).”,Instead of simply taking the recommendation, you may ask the question“Why is it wonderful?”By doing this you are thinki
44、ng critically. A more professional term to define this process _33_ (call) identifying ambiguity, which is regarded as the key stage in thinking critically.Lets look at following examples from IELTS Writing Task.Detailed description of crimes on newspaper and TV have consequence for society, so this
45、 kind of information should be restricted in the media. To what extend do you agree or disagree with this statement.To think critically, the fist thing _34_ (consider) isnt whether you agree or not. You should instead try to clarify the words “detailed description of crimes” by asking yourself _35_
46、these details might be. Then you should come up with a list like this :1.Investigating the target victim before the crime2.Measures to avoid _36_ (track)by the police3.Bloody crime scenes.After that ,it wont be hard for us to groups these details, leading eventually to two paragraphs: some disclosur
47、e of information may allow people to protect themselves from crime. However,it is not appropriate for many other details _37_ (release)to the general public.Practice identifying ambiguity when you write the essay.Your work will definitely leave a good impression on your teachers.【答案】32. watching 33.
48、 calls 34. to consider 35. what 36. being tracked 37. to be released【解析】本文是说明文。介绍了在雅思和托福考试中想要写作脱颖而出的批判性思维写作技能。【32题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一部很棒的电影，肯定值得观看。固定短语“值得一看”be worth doing，故填watching。【33题详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：一个更专业定义这个过程的叫歧义识别，这是思维批判的关键环节。主语是A more professional term。句子为一般现在时，谓语动词用单数。故填calls。【34题详解】考查非谓语动词。句
49、意：批判性思维，第一步不是你是否同意。the first thing 序数词后用不定式作定语。故填to consider。【35题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：通过问自己细节可能有哪些，你应该试着澄清“犯罪的详细描述”这些词。动词ask后面是宾语从句，be缺少表语，用what引导宾语从句。故填what。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：避免被警察追踪的措施。avoid doing表示避免。被警察追踪，表示被动，要用being done。故填being tracked。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而太多细节公开给大众是不合适的。It is 形容词 for somebody to do。细
50、节和公开是被动关系。用to be done。故填to be released。VI. Reading ComprehensionSection A(A)Mike frowned at his calendar and then picked up his guitar. His band had been together for five months. Everyone said they were fantastic but they still had not been blessed with a paying job.The three guys had become acquai
51、nted in band class, and organizing a group had been Mikes idea. Mike played the guitar and acted as leader. John was on drums and James was on the saxophone. The three got together just for fun and named their group Playday.But when some fans praised their talent, they decided to turn fun into profi
52、t. To make themselves known, Playday volunteered to entertain at parties. They played for free at school get-togethers. Mike loved the applause! He felt like a superstar. They practiced hard and discussed young musicians who had vaulted into prominence.“The Jackson Five were kids,” John said. “Micha
53、el shot to fame like a rocket!” He exclaimed. “We can do it!” Mike encouraged the group.After months of keeping Spirits high, Mike was tired. They havent seen even a cent. Let alone making a killing. Everyone was in low spirits. They decided to break up after one final volunteer job. The next day, t
54、hey were to perform for patients at the Childrens Hospital where Mikes mother worked as a nurse.The next day the three young guys set up in the hospital lobby, and the nurses brought in the audience. As Playday began its number, Mike could feel their lack of spirit. Then Mike spotted one patient sit
55、ting limply in her wheelchair. Her expression was vacant, but when music filled the room, this rag doll came to life. She sat up straight, and the light that shone in her eyes lighted up something in Mike. He felt the thrill hed been missing. As Mikes playing caught fire, James and John gained energ
56、y. Soon, Playday was rocking as never before.After the performance, the three guys spent time with the patients. Mike spoke to the girl who had encouraged him to play so well. “Wouldnt it feel great to be rich and famous?” she asked, eyes still bright. “Will you be a rock star?” “Probably not,” Mike
57、 answered. “But Ill never give up my music. I felt like the big time playing for you!”38. The underlined phrase “had vaulted into prominence” most likely means .A. had grown into adultsB. had made a promiseC. had played The Jackson FiveD. had become successful39. The members of Playboy were tired an
58、d depressed because they _.A. had no offer of a paying performanceB. competed cruelly with other bandsC. called an end to the bandD. performed at the Childrens Hospital40. While performing at the Childrens Hospital, Mike became inspired because _.A. his guitar caught fireB. a girl took him as a rock
59、 starC. a patient was much cheered upD. a toy doll suddenly became alive41. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Mike, John and James got to know each other as they were relatives.B. They planned to make money when they had a big fan base.C Their wonderful performanc
60、e at Childrens Hospital cured the girl of her disease.D. Mike found out the enjoyment of volunteer performance after playing at the hospital.【答案】38. D 39. A 40. C 41. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了Mike，John和James组成的乐队Playday，一直没有得到有薪水的工作，最后他们在一次医院的志愿表演活动中找到了志愿者表演乐趣的故事。【38题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段中“The Jackson Five were
61、 kids,” John said. “Michael shot to fame like a rocket!”可知，“The Jackson Five还是孩子，”John说。“Michael像火箭一样一夜成名！”由此可知，他们刻苦练习，讨论那些已经获得了成功的年轻音乐家们，如The Jackson Five。划线短语意思为“已经成功”。故选D。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中They havent seen even a cent. Let alone making a killing. Everyone was in low spirits.可知，他们一分钱都没见过，更不用说大赚一笔
62、了。每个人都情绪低落。由此可知，Playday的成员们又累又沮丧是因为他们演出没有获得报酬。故选A。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中She sat up straight, and the light that shone in her eyes lighted up something in Mike. He felt the thrill hed been missing. As Mikes playing caught fire, James and John gained energy.可知，她坐直了身子，她眼中的光芒照亮了迈克身上的某种东西。他感到了他一直在想念的那种兴奋。
63、Mike的演奏燃起了火焰，James和John获得了能量。由此可知，在儿童医院的表演让一位病人很高兴，这让Mike受到了鼓舞。故选C。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中As Mikes playing caught fire, James and John gained energy. Soon, Playday was rocking as never before.可知，Mike的演奏燃起了火焰，James和John获得了能量。很快，Playday就变得前所未有的热闹起来。由此可知，D选项“Mike在医院演奏后发现了志愿者表演的乐趣”正确。故选D。(B)Stephen Glenn
64、is a famous American research scientist who has made several very important medical breakthroughs. Many people were dying to know the secrets to his fantastic achievements. To reveal the mystery, a newspaper reporter interviewed him asking why he was able to be so much more creative than the average
65、 person. What set him so far apart from others?Having assumed to hear wording like innate curiosity for science or hard work, the reporter was surprised to have him respond that, in his opinion, it all came from an experience with his mother that occurred when he was about four years old. He had bee
66、n trying to remove a bottle of milk form the refrigerator when he lost his grip on the slippery bottle and it fell, spilling its contents all over the kitchen floor, a real sea of milk!When his mother came into the kitchen, instead of shouting at him, giving him a lecture or chastising him, she said
67、. “Stephen, what a great and wonderful mess you have made! I have rarely seen such a huge pond of milk. Well, the damage has already been done Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?”Indeed, he did. After a few minutes, his mother said, “You know, Ste
68、phen. whenever you make a mess like this, eventually you have to clean it up and restore everything to its proper order. So, how would you like to do that? We could use a sponge, a towel or a mop. Which do you prefer?” He chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the spilled milk.His mother then
69、 said, “You know, what we have here is a failed experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands. Lets go out in the back yard and till the bottle with water and see if you can discover a way to carry it without dropping it.” The little boy learned that if be grasped the
70、bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. What a wonderful lesson!This renowned scientist then remarked that it was at that moment that he knew he didnt need to be afraid to make mistakes. Instead, he learned that mistakes were just opportunities for lear
71、ning something new, which is, after all, what scientific experiments are all about. Even if the experiment doesnt work, we usually learn something valuable from it.Wouldnt it be great if all parents would respond the way Stephens mother responded to him?42. According to the passage, a newspaper inte
72、rviewed Stephen Glenn in order to _ .A. persuade him to treat some dying patientsB. find out his differences with ordinary peopleC. hear about his opinions about medical scienceD. know about why he was so successful43. According to the passage, the underlined word “chastising” means _.A pursuingB. p
73、unishingC. praisingD. educating44. What ordinary mothers can learn from Stephens mother is that _.A. never put milk bottle where little kids can get hold ofB. appreciation of kids behaviours is important to their growthC. mothers should teach kids to learn from their own mistakesD. kids should learn
74、 to become scientists from childhood.【答案】42. D 43. B 44. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。Stephen Glenn是美国著名的研究科学家，一次一个记者去采访他如此成功的原因，他讲述了一个自己小时候打翻牛奶，母亲没有责备他，而是教会了他从错误中学习的故事。启示其他的父母也应当学习Stephen的母亲，如此来教育自己的孩子。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中To reveal the mystery, a newspaper reporter interviewed him asking why he was able to be so mu
75、ch more creative than the average person. What set him so far apart from others?可知为了揭开谜底，一位报纸记者采访了他，问他为什么比一般人有那么多的创造力。是什么使他与别人如此不同？由此可知，一家报纸采访Stephen Glenn是为了去了解他如此成功的原因。故选D。【43题详解】词义猜测题。结合上文When his mother came into the kitchen, instead of shouting at him, giving him a lecture or可知当他的母亲来到厨房，不是对他大喊大
76、叫、教训他或惩罚他。由此可知，Stephen打翻了牛奶，他的母亲来到厨房却并没有对他大喊大叫、教训他或惩罚他，故划线单词“chastising”的意思为“惩罚”。A. pursuing追求；B. punishing惩罚；C. praising赞美；D. educating教育。故选B。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中This renowned scientist then remarked that it was at that moment that he knew he didnt need to be afraid to make mistakes. Instead, he l
77、earned that mistakes were just opportunities for learning something new, which is, after all, what scientific experiments are all about.可知这位著名的科学家说，从那一刻起，他知道他不必害怕犯错误。相反，他认识到错误只是学习新东西的机会，而这正是科学实验的意义所在。以及最后一段Wouldnt it be great if all parents would respond the way Stephen s mother responded to him?可知如
78、果所有的父母都能像Stephen的母亲对待Stephen一样对待自己的孩子，那岂不是很棒？由此可推知，普通母亲能从史蒂夫的母亲身上学到的是，母亲应该教孩子从自己的错误中学习。故选C。（C）Is there any evidence that the standard of English as a foreign language has improved in the years since the Second World War? Naturally, as it is the world language, more and mere people are taught it and
79、use it. But do they speak it or write it or understand it better than their patents or grandparents generations?Have standards declined? There is no objective way of answering this question. Tests of the traditional sort compositions, precis writing, and so on have always been subjective, so they ca
80、nnot be used to judge whether people have got better or not over the years. But so-called objective tests are useless as a measure of progress too. They have not been used consistently (一贯的) in the same “concentration” over the period they have been in use, so there is no way of comparing exams “now
81、” and “then”. Moreover, usually in the form of multiple choice questions, they do not, by and large, test the things that really count in mastering a language. Even comprehension is a partly “creative” activity in real life, as we have to think of possible meanings for ourselves rather than have the
82、m suggested for us from outside. And people can be trained in the techniques of multiple choice, while others fail the tests because they have been led astray (离开正道) precisely by their “suggestive” nature, so they are not really objective at all. We are left with only personal impression to go on.My
83、 own is that, if anything, standards have declined somewhat in the last thirty or forty years, despite all the new theories, tools and techniques that have been developed. I am not alone in this judgment. In Sweden, for instance, Professors Johannes Hedberg and Gustav Korlen, two of the most experie
84、nced workers in the field; have on several occasions drawn attention to the lack of progress in the teaching of foreign languages since the late fifties. Yet Sweden is a sophisticated (先进的) society with extremely high educational and academic standards, and very concerned not to be cut off from the
85、rest of the world. If such a country cannot achieve advances in the study of foreign languages, it is unlikely that many, if any, others have done so.Japan is another community where remarkably little progress has been made in the learning of English. It is probably as important for Japan as for Swe
86、den to master that language, and there is much academic effort put into linguistic (语言学的) research of various kinds. Yet the average standard of language learning is abysmally low, particularly for such a highly literate and educated society. This is no doubt in part the result of a vicious circle (
87、恶性循环): many of the professors of English at Japanese universities are themselves incapable of speaking or writing or even understanding the language well.45. Which of the following is TRUE according to the author?A Multiple choice questions are objective because people cannot be trained any techniqu
88、es.B. Sweden emphasizes the teaching of English without paying attention to other countries.C. We have to depend on our own impression to judge the English standards.D. Compositions are useful to test peoples English ability because people have to write out their viewpoints.46. The so-called objecti
89、ve tests cannot be used as a measure of progress because _.A. the people who design the tests are changing constantlyB. the tests do not always focus on the same thingC. the way of scoring is not scientificD. they contain too many reading comprehension questions47. The authors attitude towards prese
90、nt English standards is _.A. negativeB. indifferent (漠不关心的)C. sympatheticD. positive【答案】45. C 46. B 47. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。有没有任何证据表明，自第二次世界大战以来，英语作为一门外语的水平有了提高？文章对此展开了论述。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中对传统的较主观的英语水平测试手段和当今所谓客观测试法进行的透彻分析，尤其是最后一句话We are left with only personal impression to go on.(现在只剩下的是个人印象)可知，C项“
91、我们必须依靠自己的印象来判断英语的标准”与该句相同的意思。故选C。【46题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的They have not been used consistently (一贯的) in the same “concentration” over the period they have been in use, so there is no way of comparing exams “now” and “then”. (在使用期间，它们的“专注度”并没有保持一致，所以没有办法比较“现在”和“那时”的考试)可知，所谓的客观测试不能用来衡量进步，因为测试并不总是关注同一件事。故选B
92、。【47题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的Have standards declined? There is no objective way of answering this question.(标准降低了吗？这个问题没有客观的答案)，第三段中的My own is that, if anything, standards have declined somewhat in the last thirty or forty years, despite all the new theories, tools and techniques that have been developed.(我
93、个人的看法是，在过去的三、四十年中，尽管出现了许多新的理论、工具和技术，标准还是有所下降)可推知，作者对目前的英语标准持否定态度。故选A。【点睛】做阅读理解时要结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。如第3小题，The authors attitude towards present English standards is _.要求判断出作者对目前的英语标准持什么态度。根据第二段中的Have standards declined? There is no objective way of answering this question.(标准降低了吗？这个问题
94、没有客观的答案)，第三段中的My own is that, if anything, standards have declined somewhat in the last thirty or forty years, despite all the new theories, tools and techniques that have been developed.(我个人的看法是，在过去的三、四十年中，尽管出现了许多新的理论、工具和技术，标准还是有所下降)可推知，作者对目前的英语标准持否定态度。故选A。Section CDirections: Read the following pa
95、ssage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Are you still disappointed at your failure? Stop sighing, and change your mental model.Change your view on “success” and” failure”.Most people
96、have the following mental model: SUCCESSYOUFAILURE. _48_but what if you change that model? YOUFAILURESUCCESS. Instead of for viewing failure as something to be avoided, turn it into a “steppingstone” on the path to successIncrease your failure rate.If it is true that the more we fail ,the more we su
97、cceed then your immediate goal should be to intentionally increase your failure rate! _49_Intentionally increasing failure means the more people tell you “no”, the closer you will get to ultimate success.Set “No” goals._50_But how about setting goals for failure? The exciting aspect is how it keeps
98、people “in the game ”when they are “red hot”. If all you have is “yes” goals and then you slow down or quit when you are successful, the hot steak end .But if you keep going when you get the “yeses” of life, the sky is the limit_51_If the key to success is to increase our failures, then it makes sen
99、se to celebrate our setbacks. Yes, you heard right: if someone turns you down, celebrate it! Instead of mentally punishing yourself for not succeeding, buy yourself ice cream and say ,”I am one step closer to success ! ”Stop letting failure have a negative impact on your thoughts and emotions.A. See
100、 courage as a muscleB. Celebrate your failures.C. Everyone sets success goalsD. With this thought in mind, you are succeeding even when you failE. All the courage you need to achieve success is already in you ,just waiting for you to take actionF. They see themselves in the middle, and do everything
101、 they can to move toward success and away from failure【答案】48. F 49. D 50. C 51. B【解析】本文是说明文。生活中遇到失败时我们多数人会失落，作者建议我们改变心智模式，改变对失败的态度。文中给了几点具体建议。【48题详解】本段建议我们改变对“成功”和“失败”的看法。上句介绍的是大多数人的心智模式SUCCESSYOUFAILURE ，F项：他们把自己放在中间，尽一切可能走向成功，远离失败。是对上句模式的解释，且选项中的success和failure对应本段标题，故选F。【49题详解】本段建议我们增加失败率。上句提到如果我
102、们失败的越多，成功的就越多，那么现在的目标应该是有意地增加失败率! D项：有了这个想法，即使你失败了，你也会成功。与上句连接，选项中的this thought指的是intentionally increase your failure rate，故选D。【50题详解】本段建议为失败设立目标。下句：但是为失败设定目标又如何呢?根据But可知前后句意思应该转折，C项：每个人都设定成功的目标。是我们常规的想法，符合此处语境，与下句转折。故选C。【51题详解】本题是段落标题，根据段中的celebrate our setbacks和celebrate it!可知是建议我们庆祝挫折，庆祝失败。B项：Cel
103、ebrate your failures.概括了本段内容，故选B。VIITranslation52. 管弦乐队的指挥对这位歌手被绑架感到震惊。（shock）53. 经过迁址，上海音乐厅重现了往日的风采。（with, bring）54. 自己做老板有很多优势，但很难平衡工作和个人生活。（advantage, it）55. 作为一个声名鹊起的年轻导演，他已被视为电影界的传奇人物了。（as, regard）56. 几十年来，音乐家门改编了传统音乐形式，使之更能吸引普通大众。（adapt, appealing）57. 国王出席颁奖典礼，给在物理，化学，生物和医学方面做出重大贡献的科学家们颁奖。（pre
104、sent）【答案】52. The orchestra commander was shocked at the singers being kidnapped. 53. With a new location, the charm of the Shanghai Concert was brought back to life. 54. There are many advantages to being ones own boss, but its hard to balance work with personal life. 55. As a director with a growin
105、g reputation, he has already been regarded as a legend in film word. 56. For decades, musicians have adapted traditional musical styles to make them more appealing to average people. 57. The King is present at the award ceremony and presents prizes to scientists who have made great contribution in t
106、he area of physics, chemistry, biology and medicine.【解析】【52题详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。根据汉语意思表示“对感到震惊”短语为be shocked at；且结合句意应用一般过去时，主语为The orchestra commander，谓语动词用单数形式；且此处应用动名词的复合结构the singers being kidnapped作介词at的宾语。故翻译为The orchestra commander was shocked at the singers being kidnapped.【53题详解】考查固定短语和动词时态。根据汉
107、语意思表示“重现”短语为bring back to life；且句子主语the charm of the Shanghai Concert与谓语动词构成被动关系，结合句意应用一般过去时，主语为the charm of the Shanghai Concert，谓语动词用单数形式。故翻译为With a new location, the charm of the Shanghai Concert was brought back to life.【54题详解】考查固定短语和动词时态。根据汉语意思表示“做某事困难”句型为it is hard to do sth.；表示“平衡”短语为balance
108、with；此处应用there be句型，主语为advantages，陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，谓语动词应用复数。故翻译为There are many advantages to being ones own boss, but its hard to balance work with personal life.【55题详解】考查固定短语和动词时态。根据汉语意思表示“被视为”短语为be regarded as；表示“声名鹊起的”短语为a growing reputation；且结合语境此处应用现在完成时，主语为he，助动词用has。故翻译为As a director with a grow
109、ing reputation, he has already been regarded as a legend in film word.【56题详解】考查固定短语和动词时态。根据汉语意思表示“几十年来”短语为for decades；表示“传统音乐形式”短语为traditional musical styles；表示“改编”短语为adapt to；表示“吸引的”应用appealing；表示“普通人”短语为average people；结合时间状语可知应用现在完成时，主语为musicians，助动词应用have。故翻译为For decades, musicians have adapted t
110、raditional musical styles to make them more appealing to average people.【57题详解】考查固定短语、定语从句和动词时态。根据汉语意思表示“出席”短语为be present at；表示“颁奖典礼”短语为the award ceremony；表示“给颁奖”短语为present to；表示“在方面做出重大贡献”短语为make great contribution in；且此处为定语从句修饰先行词scientists，先行词在从句中做主语，故应用关系代词who。结合语境，主句应用一般现在时，主语为The King，谓语动词应用单数；从句应用现在完成时，谓语与scientists保持一致，助动词应用have。故翻译为The King is present at the award ceremony and presents prizes to scientists who have made great contribution in the area of physics, chemistry, biology and medicine.