1、上海市徐汇区2021届高三英语一模试题（含解析）I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only
2、once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What problem are they talking about?A. Their parents stopped financing their education.B. The man d
3、oesnt want another English courseC. They cant pay the rent this month.D. The womans boss refused to give her a raise.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Mike, Im afraid weve got a problem. We cant afford the rent this month. I guess Id better ask Mom and Dad for a loan, or ask my boss for a raise.M: Well, yeah. Its a p
4、roblem. But maybe Id better not take another English course this semester.Q: What problem are they talking about?2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How much does the man have to pay?A. $ 5.B. $ 10C. $ 45D. $ 50.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Ill have these shirts. Please tell me how much I owe you.W:They are 10 dollars each, an
5、d 5 make a total of 50 dollars. But today we offer a 10% discount.Q:How much does the man have to pay?3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why is the woman so happy?A. Shell be away for a while.B. She did well on the examination.C. She worked hard and made a big fortune.D. She didnt have to work hard for any exam.【
6、答案】B【解析】【原文】M: Congratulations. Youve done a great job and I must say you deserve that grade.W: Well, I really studied hard for that test for over three months. Now, I can relax for a while.Q: Why is the woman so happy?4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will the woman probably do?A. Hurry to the conference.B
7、. Skip the conference.C. Take the subway.D. Take a bus.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M: If you are in a hurry, you can take the subway. If you want to go sightseeing, take a bus.W: Actually, I dont have to be at the conference before noon.Q: What will the woman probably do?5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How does the man feel
8、about the interview?A. He is confident.B. He is worried.C. He is bored.D. He is angry.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: How was your interview?M: I couldnt feel better about it. I seemed to find answers for all the questions.Q: How does the man feel about the interview?6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What can be learned from th
9、e conversation？A. Peoples opinions about the movie vary.B. The man thinks the movie is not as good as he thought.C. You shouldnt believe everything you see.D. The woman wonders which newspaper the man is reading.【答案】A【解析】【详解】W: I read in the newspaper that the movie you recommended is excellent.M: I
10、ve also read some negative reviews.7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What do we learn about Mr. Stone?A. He used to be a workman himself.B. He likes to do repairs and make things himself.C. He is professional builder.D. He paid workmen to decorate the house.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: The work youve done on your house is ce
11、rtainly impressive, Mr. Stone. How long have you been working on it？M: I first became interested in DIY several years ago. Ive worked on my house every now and then for almost a year now. You know, paying workmen to do it is not in my budget.Q:What do we learn about Mr. Stone?8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wh
12、at will Mr. Milson do with his old house?A. He will change it and use it as a hotel.B. He will pull it down and build a new hotel.C. He will rent it out for use as a hotel.D. He will sell it to the owner of a hotel.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: What is Mr. Milson going to do with his old house on Wellington Stree
13、t? Rent it or sell it?W: He said he is thinking of turning it into a hotel, which isnt a bad idea, because its still a solid building.9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the man imply?A. Donald is very responsible.B. Donald is not humorous at all.C. What Donald said is true.D. Donalds words arent reliabl
14、e.【答案】D【解析】【详解】W: Donald said he got As in all his tests.M: Nancy, you should know better than to take Donalds words too seriously.Q: What does the man imply?10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What problem does the woman have with the course?A. She doesnt like the way the professor lectures.B. Shes having a hard
15、 time following the professors lectures.C. She is not interested in the course.D. Shes having difficulty with the heavy reading assignments.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M: How do you like Professor Thatchers course on the History of Philosophy? He is a distinguished scholar on that subject.W: He is a great teacher.
16、 But Im having a hard time with the reading list. I feel I cant ever finish it.Q: What problem does the woman have with the course?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the
17、conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11. What
18、s the problem with those monkeys in Thailand?A. The coronavirus is also spreading among the monkeys.B. They are suffering from starvation because of the restriction on tourism.C. The monkeys are unlikely to calm down without music.D. The locals want the monkeys to learn to appreciate music.12. What
19、was the monkeys reaction to Mr. Bartons performance?A. They were too hungry to care about it.B. They were so angry that they climbed up his body and touched his head.C. They reacted wildly, such as running over the musicians hands and eating his music.D. They behaved so wildly that the musician was
20、distracted from playing music.13. Whats the purpose of Mr. Bartons performance to the monkeys?A. To calm down the monkeys during the coronavirus crisis.B. To cause concerns about those monkeys hunger and study their reaction to music.C. To help raise fund for more food for those monkeys.D. To entert
21、ain those monkeys so that they would forget eating.【答案】11. B 12. C 13. B【解析】【原文】When British musician Paul Barton performs in central Thailand lately, his energetic listeners react wildly. Some pull his hair or jump on his piano. Others steal his music.The behavior is normal, however, because these
22、crowds are truly wild wild monkeys to be exact.Barton plays often to the animals in Lopburi, an area known for its populations of wild macaque monkeys. The pianist hopes the music shows bring calm to the animals during the coronavirus crisis.The disease has caused problems for the monkeys, too. They
23、 are hungry. The restrictions on tourism mean fewer people come to see the monkeys and feed them.“We need to make an effort to make sure that they eat properly. And when they eat properly they will be calmer and will not be aggressive” said Barton, 59, a long-time Thailand resident.Barton has played
24、 at four sites in Lopburi, including at an ancient Hindu temple, a store and an old movie theater.The macaques quickly surround Barton when he plays Greensleeves, Beethovens Fr Elise and Michael Nymans Diary of Love. Some of the creatures sit on his chair, while others climb up his body and touch hi
25、s head. But, Barton keeps his attention on his performance, even as a small monkey runs over his hands on the instrument. Other monkeys take control of his music papers.“I was surprised to play the piano and find that they were actually eating the music as I was playing it.”But, he added, “I wasnt g
26、oing to let those things distract from the project which is to play the music for these wonderful macaques.”Barton hopes to raise awareness of the monkeys hunger. At the same time, he hopes to study their behavior as they react to classical music.“Its possible that the music can play a part of the r
27、ecovery process,” he said.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14. What kind of young people are selected as subjects in the research?A. Those experiencing kind family environment.B. Those suffering physical and verbal abuse from parents.C. Those exposed in verbal abuse in their childhood.D. Those having
28、 experienced depression.15. What may a person suffer from being exposed in verbal abuse in childhood?A. Becoming more tolerant.B. Having undeveloped brain connections.C. Having higher level of being fearless.D. No connection between the right and the left side of the brain.16. What are teachers and
29、parents supposed to do after learning from the findings?A. Help kids learn to be more self-controlled.B. Let kids stay away from drug abuse.C. Treasure kids middle school life by using nice expressions.D. Prepare kids with those bad verbal expressions.【答案】14. A 15. B 16. C【解析】【原文】A recent study of m
30、iddle school children showed that verbal abuse by other children, such as unkind words, name-calling or even the so-called “the silent treatment”, can harm development in the brain.The study was a project of researchers at Harvard Medical School in Massachusetts. They studied young adults, ages 18 t
31、o 25. These young men and women had no experience with domestic violence, physically or verbally, by their parents.The researchers asked the young people to rate their childhood exposure to verbal abuse from both parents and other children. Then the researchers performed imaging tests on the brains
32、of the subjects.The images showed that the individuals who reported suffering verbal abuse from their peers in middle school had underdeveloped connections between the left and right side of the brain.The two sides of the brain are connected by a large bundle of connecting fibers. This was the area
33、that was underdeveloped.The middle school years are a time when these brain connections are developing. So, unkind, hurtful comments from children or adults during this period had the greatest effect.The researchers tested the mental and emotional condition of all the young people in the study. The
34、tests showed that this same group of individuals had higher levels of fear, depression, anger and drug abuse than others in the study.The researchers published their findings online, pointing out that we cannot control what other people say to our children, but we can prepare them. A website called
35、CreativeWithK suggests 64 things that all children need to hear, such as “You are creative.” Or “Im really proud of you.”听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. Where are the two speakers?A. Mexico City.B. Maryland.C. Los Angeles.D. China.18. Whats the boys major in college?A. Public health.B. Journal
36、ism.C. Writing.D. IT.19. Whats the girls purpose of being an international journalist?A. To stay in Mexico City for long.B. To learn to write more about public health.C. To go around the world and see more people.D. To move to China or Japan.20. How did the girl get her part-time job last summer?A.
37、She got the job on the bulletin board.B. She got the job on the newspaper.C. She got the job from friend in Mexico City.D. She got the job on the web.【答案】17. C 18. A 19. C 20. D【解析】【原文】W: Thanks for coming with me to the Placement Center, Ali.M: Dont mention it. Its nice to have your company. Beside
38、s, I need to find a summer job here in Los Angeles, too!W: What kind of job are you looking for, Ali?M: Im hoping to find one in my major, public health.W: Im sure you can. Do you have any experience in public health?M: Yes, I do. I worked part-time in a lab in Maryland last summer.W: Thats great! I
39、 want to find a job writing for a local newspaper. Id like to be a reporter.M: Your majors journalism, isnt it?W: Uh-huh. I had a great job last summer when I was in Mexico City.M: Really? What did you do?W: I worked part-time for Excelsior. Its the biggest newspaper in Mexico.M: What did you do the
40、re?W: I wrote local news stories, you know, news about Mexico City. But someday I want to write international news stories. Then I can travel around the world and find out what people are like in other places, such as China and Japan.M: That sounds wonderful. Im sure you can do it.W: Are there any j
41、obs in public health on the bulletin board?M: No, I dont see anything interesting.W: you should try looking on the web. There are some great job sites. Thats how I found the job in Mexico City.M: That a good idea. Do I search for “public health”？W: Try “jobs in public health” or the name of specific
42、 jobs. I searched for “newspaper reporter”.M: Ill go to the computer lab right now and try that! See you later.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word,
43、fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.When educators think of literacy the ability to read and write they often place more importance on students abilities to read and fully understand a piece of writing.But experts sa
44、y critical and creative writing skills are equally important. And, they say, they _21_ (overlook) too often in the classroom.Compared to reading, writing is _22_ (active). It helps students be independent thinkers, take ownership of their stories and ideas and communicate them clearly to others, say
45、s Elyse Eidman-Aadahl. She heads the National Writing Project, _23_ offers help for teachers who want to push students to write more.Elyse said, “I have to say _24_ we want an education system just _25_ (focus) on making people consumers and not on helping them be producers, this emphasis on reading
46、 onlywhich does happen in so many places is very short-sighted.”She said students writing work now usually centers on examining a text, _26_ presenting a new idea. Writing, she said, should be “the central thing youre learning. Not writing on a test, not writing to demonstrate youre learning _27_ so
47、meone has taught you.”Teaching reading together with writing improves both skills, says Rebecca Wallace-Segall, who heads a New York City writing center, Writopia Lab.She said writing affects a persons ability to read and more than 90 percent of young people in the Writopia program do not trust thei
48、r writing abilities_28_ they start. But she said they learn to enjoy the writing process and become more effective readers, too.Elyse said employers today seek workers “all the time” who can write well. Digital tools increasingly mean that people are “_29_(interact) with the internet through writing
49、,” she said.Young people are already writing all the time through text messages, emails and on social media.Elyse believes every young person today is a writer if they are connected to the internet. So, she added, “we have to help them do it in the best, most responsible, critical, prosocial way.”Re
50、becca argues that writing also helps students work through difficulties they face in life “subconsciously”.“Theyre not writing a story about a difficult father or directly about a bully in class, _30_ creating a fictional scenario (电影剧本) that might feel distant enough for them to go deep into it.”【答
51、案】21. are overlooked 22. more active 23. which 24. unless 25. focused 26. instead of/rather than 27. what 28. when 29. interacting 30. but【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了写作的重要性，尤其是处于这个在互联网上通过社交媒体进行互动的时代。【21题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：而且，他们说，它们在课堂上经常被忽视。根据句意和句中too often可知，句子陈述的经常性、习惯性的动作，应用一般现在时。句中they代指上文提到的critical and cr
52、eative writing skills，与overlook之间为被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，句式为“主语+am/is/are+动词过去分词+其他”，writing skills为复数形式，与are连用，overlook的过去分词为overlooked。故填are overlooked。【22题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：与阅读相比，写作更起作用。根据句意和句中Compared to(与相比)可知，句子把阅读和写作进行比较，写作更起作用，应用比较级，active意为“起作用的”，形容词词性，比较级为more active，在句中作表语。故填more active。【23题详解】考
53、查定语从句。句意：她领导全国写作项目，该项目为那些希望推动学生写作教师提供帮助。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为the National Writing Project，为物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。【24题详解】考查从属连词。句意：我不得不说，除非我们想要一个只注重让人们成为消费者而不是帮助他们成为生产者的教育体系，否则这种只强调阅读的教育在很多地方确实存在是非常目光短浅的。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为条件状语从句，空格处单词引导从句，表示“除非”，故应用从属连词unless引导从句，意为“除非”。故填unless。【25题详解】
54、考查非谓语动词。句意：我不得不说，除非我们想要一个只注重让人们成为消费者而不是帮助他们成为生产者的教育体系，否则这种只强调阅读的教育在很多地方确实存在是非常目光短浅的。所给单词focus意为“集中，聚焦于”，动词词性，focus on意为“关注”，句中有谓语动词want且句中无连词，故应用focus的非谓语动词形式，system与focus之间为逻辑上被动关系，应用focus的过去分词focused，作定语修饰system。故填focused。【26题详解】考查固定短语。句意：她说，现在学生们的写作工作通常集中在考查文本上，而不是提出新的想法。根据句意可知，句中涉及介词短语instead of
55、，意为“而不是”，后接动名词短语作宾语，或用rather than，意为“是而不是”，连接examining a text和presenting a new idea，表示“是考查文本，而不是提出新的想法”。故填instead of或rather than。【27题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：不是为了考试而写作，不是为了证明你在学习别人教给你的东西而写作。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为宾语从句，空格单词引导的从句作learning的宾语，从句中taught缺少宾语且指物，没有选择范围，应用what引导。故填what。【28题详解】考查从属连词。句意：她说，写作会影响一个人的阅读能力，90%以上的
56、Writopia项目的年轻人在开始写作时并不信任自己的写作能力。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为时间状语从句，空格处单词引导从句，在句中作时间状语，意为“当时”，应用从属连词when引导从句。故填when。【29题详解】考查动词时态。句意：数字工具越来越多地意味着人们通过写作与互联网互动。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为that引导的宾语从句，从句的动作现在正在发生，应用现在进行时，句式为“主语+am/is/are+动词ing+其他”，interact with意为“互动”，动词短语，interact的动词ing形式为interacting。故填interacting。【30题详解】考查连词。句意
57、：他们不是在写一个关于一个难相处的父亲的故事，也不是直接写一个在课堂上欺负人的故事，而是创造一个虚构的电影剧本，让他们觉得很遥远，可以深入到其中。根据句意可知，空格前后句为转折关系，涉及句型“notbut”，意为“不是而是”，连接两个并列成分，but为连词。故填but。Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. ex
58、ploringB. strengthenC. ecologicalD. demonstrationE. involvedF. constructionG. issueH. recentlyI. protectJ. environmentalK. assessmentChina has for years been protecting and restoring natural ecology and the environment, and has established a target responsibility system to improve ecological and env
59、ironmental quality, developed innovative systems of _31_, inspection and accountability(责任), and greatly raised the level of biodiversity conservation. It has also made steady progress in the _32_ of 25 pilot projects for ecological protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, lakes and
60、 grasslands, and put 90 percent of the earthly ecosystems and 85 percent of key wildlife populations under _33_ regulations.While _34_ ways to ensure harmonious coexistence between humans and nature, in line with the goals and vision of the UN Convention on Biological Diversity, China is also helpin
61、g build a global ecological civilization. China was the first country to _35_ the National Implementation Plan on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, has contributed to and participated in the Convention on Biological Diversity, and made notable progress toward 17 of the 20 Aichi Biodiversi
62、ty Targets and achieved some of them before schedule. (According to the _36_ released Global Biodiversity Outlook , only six Aichi Targets have been partly met at the global level).Also, the United Nations has labelled the Kubuqi Desert in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(内蒙古自治区) as a desert eco
63、logical-economic_37_ area. And the Saihanba Afforestation Community and the “1,000 Villages in Demonstration and 10,000 Villages in Renovation” project in Zhejiang Province have won the UN “Champions of the Earth” award.Further, China has announced its carbon emissions will peak before 2030 and it w
64、ill reach carbon neutrality by 2060 and thus boost the global fight against climate change and help _38_ biodiversity.To _39_ ecological and environmental protection, China has shifted from quantitative economic growth to high-quality, green development. China understands the organic yet complex rel
65、ationship between humans and nature, between the environment and peoples livelihoods, and between conservation and development.And it has been making efforts to better understand the development model of _40_ civilization that is different from that of industrial civilization, in order to build a gr
66、een society, which will ensure harmonious coexistence of humans and nature as well as sustainable development.【答案】31. K 32. F 33. J 34. A 35. G 36. H 37. D 38. I 39. B 40. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。长期以来，中国保护和修复自然生态和环境，建立改善生态环境质量的目标责任制度，创新评估、检查和问责制度，生物多样性保护水平大幅提高。文章主要说明了中国为保护和修复自然生态所做出的一些努力。【31题详解】考查名词。句意：长期以来，中国
67、保护和修复自然生态和环境，建立改善生态环境质量的目标责任制度，创新评估、检查和问责制度，生物多样性保护水平大幅提高。此处作宾语，结合句意表示“评估”可知应填名词assessment，表抽象概念，不可数。故填assessment。故选K。【32题详解】考查名词。句意：中国也稳步推进25项山、水、林、湖、草生态保护修复试点工程建设，90%的地球生态系统和85%的重点野生动物种群实现了环境保护。此处作宾语，表示“建设”应用名词construction，表抽象概念，不可数。故填construction。故选F。【33题详解】考查形容词。句意：中国也稳步推进25项山、水、林、湖、草生态保护修复试点工程建
68、设，90%的地球生态系统和85%的重点野生动物种群实现了环境保护。修饰后文名词regulations，结合句意表示“环境”应用形容词environmental，作定语。故填environmental。故选J。【34题详解】考查省略句。句意：中国在探索人类与自然和谐相处之道的同时，也在按照联合国生物多样性公约的目标和理念，为建设全球生态文明作出贡献。结合句意表示“探索”可知应用动词explore作谓语，且while引导状语从句时，常省略和主句相同的主语，以及从句中的be动词，从句完整为while(China is)exploring ways to ensure harmonious coexi
69、stence between humans and nature。故填exploring。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词。句意：中国率先发布2030年可持续发展议程国别实施方案，参与并参与了生物多样性公约，在爱知生物多样性20个目标中，有17个目标取得显著进展，部分目标提前完成。结合句意表示“发布，发行”可知应用动词issue，且此处为不定式作定语修饰country，上文已有不定式符号to，应填动词原形。故填issue。故选G。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：根据最近发布的全球生物多样性展望，爱知在全球范围内仅实现了6个目标。修饰后文动词release，且表示“最近”应用副词recently，作
70、状语。故填recently。故选H。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：此外，联合国还将内蒙古自治区的库布其沙漠列为沙漠生态经济示范区。空处作宾语，结合句意表示“示范”可知应填名词demonstration，表抽象概念，不可数。故填demonstration。故选D。【38题详解】考查动词。句意：此外，中国已宣布其碳排放将在2030年达到峰值，并将在2060年达到碳排放中性程度，从而推动全球应对气候变化的斗争，并有助于保护生物多样性。结合句意表示“保护”可知应用动词protect，上文为短语help do sth.，故应填动词原形。故填protect。故选I。【39题详解】考查动词。句意：为加强生态
71、环境保护，中国经济从数量增长转向高质量绿色发展。结合句意表示“加强”可知应填动词strengthen，此处为不定式作目的状语，上文to为不定式符号，应填动词原形。故填strengthen。故选B。【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：中国一直在努力更好地理解不同于工业文明的生态文明发展模式，构建人与自然和谐相处、可持续发展的绿色社会。修饰后文名词civilization，表示“生态”可知应用形容词ecological，作定语。故填ecological。故选C。III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the fo
72、llowing passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A trending new addition to travel destinations around the world is freezing-yet-beautiful Alaska. The poles, the dancing lights, and the winter wonderlands have
73、 always attracted extreme travelersbut this time, there is more than the magical draw of the _41_ that is inviting people up towards the corners of the globe: climate change.Theres a strange form of climate anxiety, which is driving more people to places and sights that may _42_ to exist in the comi
74、ng years or decades. Alaska _43_ the list of climate-tempted travel destinations. The northern and otherwise-serene Alaskan village of Kaktovik _44_ a major boom in tourism last year, as over 2,000 people appeared on its lightly _45_ gravel(砂砾) and snowy streets. Until earlier in the decade, local n
75、ews reports say, the village had fewer than 50 annual visitors. The main _46_ now are polar bears, which are being forced into towns by a warming planet and the shrinking Arctic sea ice. All the heating is making it far easier for wildlife _47_ and effortless bear selfies. Most visitors are reported
76、ly from China, Europe, or the USA, often arriving on fuel-consuming chartered planes.Around the mid-1990s, researchers began _48_ more female bears denning(筑巢) on land instead of in the ice. And seasons of tourism match up with changing bear behavior. It peaks in autumn (which is also far warmer and
77、 breezier than the forthcoming winterand climate change is making things more pleasant in general) when sea ice is far from the shore, and bears can become _49_ on the land until the sea freezes again in winter.A report in the Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment found,
78、 “Alaska has warmed more than twice as rapidly as the rest of the United States.” This year, alarming temperatures were reported from Alaska. Every day since April 25 saw above _50_ temperatures, the longest streak in a century.While bears have their charm, melting glaciers are a landscape in their
79、own right. With _51_ like the recent one that glaciers could be melting at 100 times faster than _52_ thought, the number of tourists on ice seems to be going up consistently. Alaskas tour companies have reported an extraordinary increaseand the number of polar cruises reportedly went up 33 percent
80、in the last decade. Some glaciers have been marked by the rate of melt for tourists to watch and imagine the _53_ from where they stand, much like visitors to the Berlin wall picture the past. As the landscape changes, tour companies have had to _54_ their regular routes and hikes toosome glaciers t
81、hat had _55_ by foot only a decade ago can now only be reached by helicopter.41. A. eastB. westC. northD. south42. A. ceaseB. continueC. stickD. try43. A. releasesB. reviewsC. topsD. creates44. A. sawB. indicatedC. developedD. predicted45. A. locatedB. populatedC. upgradedD. occupied46. A. speciesB.
82、 attractionsC. destinationsD. identifications47. A. protectingB. evaluatingC. dismissingD. spotting48. A. trainingB. temptingC. feedingD. noticing49. A. initiatedB. inhabitedC. strandedD. hunted50. A. averageB. comfortableC. humiliatedD. global51. A. evaluationsB. predictionsC. regulationsD. general
83、izations52. A. carefullyB. beneficiallyC. previouslyD. specially53. A. futureB. currencyC. temporaryD. history54. A. identifyB. stabilizeC. eliminateD. modify55. A. viewB. accessC. networkD. coast【答案】41. C 42. A 43. C 44. A 45. B 46. B 47. D 48. D 49. C 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. D 55. B【解析】这是一篇说明文
84、。文章主要介绍了一个特别的现象，位于极寒地区的阿拉斯加曾经人迹罕至，现在因受到全球变暖的影响，一些景观可能从地球上永远消失，而北极熊则由于地球变暖和北极海冰萎缩被迫进入城镇，成为旅游吸引力。人们因此蜂拥而至，这引起了当地旅游业的变化与发展。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：极地、跳舞的灯光和冬天的仙境总是吸引着极限旅行者但这一次，不仅仅是北方的神奇魅力吸引着人们来到地球的角落：（还有）气候变化。A. east东方；东部；B. west西方；西部；C. north北方；北部；D. south南方；南部。根据空前定冠词“the”并结合前文语境“A trending new addition t
85、o travel destinations around the world is freezing-yet-beautiful Alaska.(寒冷而美丽的阿拉斯加是世界各地旅游目的地中新增的一个热门景点。)”可知，“the _1_”应是指阿拉斯加，结合常识可知，该地位于美国西北部，应是“the north”表特指。故选C项。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一种奇怪的气候焦虑形式，这种焦虑正驱使越来越多的人去那些在未来几年或几十年里可能不复存在的地方和景点。A. cease停止；B. continue继续；延续；C. stick刺；戳；粘住；D. try努力；尝试。根据前文“that
86、 is inviting people up towards the corners of the globe: climate change(它正在吸引人们走近地球的角落：气候变化)”可知，应是气候变化导致了气候焦虑的产生，而这种焦虑促使人们去游览一些受到气候变化影响的地方，因为这些地方有可能会消失。“cease to exist”，可意为“不复存在”，符合语境表达。故选A项。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿拉斯加居具气候吸引力的旅游目的地之首。A. releases释放；公开；B. reviews回顾；重新考虑；C. tops居之首；为之冠；D. creates创造。根据前文“A
87、trending new addition to travel destinations around the world is freezing-yet-beautiful Alaska. (寒冷而美丽的阿拉斯加是世界各地旅游目的地中新增的一个热门景点。)”可知，阿拉斯加州成为了吸引人们的热门游览胜地，居于榜首。故选C项。44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年，这个原本宁静的阿拉斯加北部村庄Kaktovik迎来了旅游业的大繁荣，2000多名游客出现在这个人口稀少的由砾石和积雪组成的街道上。A. saw为发生的地点；经历；目睹；B. indicated表明；显示；C. developed发展
88、；开发；D. predicted预言；预告。根据前文“Alaska _3_ the list of climate-tempted travel destinations.”可知，阿拉斯加是最具气候吸引力的旅游目的地，由此可知，阿拉斯加州的 Kaktovik村应是“亲身”经历了旅游业去年的蓬勃发展，选项A“saw”在表达“为发生的地点”含义时有见证事件的意义，符合语境表达。故选A项。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：去去年，这个原本宁静的阿拉斯加北部村庄Kaktovik迎来了旅游业的大繁荣，2000多名游客出现在这个人口稀少的由砾石和积雪组成的街道上。A. located位于；查找的地点；
89、B. populated聚居；栖息；C. upgraded使升级；提升；D. occupied使用；占用（空间、面积、时间等）。 根据前文“the corners of the globe(地球的角落)”可知，这个村庄应是地球的角落之一，因此，人口稀少，即“lightly populated”，符合语境表达。故选B项。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在最吸引人的是北极熊，由于地球变暖和北极海冰萎缩，它们被迫进入城镇。A. species物种；B. attractions吸引力；游览胜地；C. destinations目的地；D. identifications鉴定；辨认。根据前文“Th
90、e northern and otherwise-serene Alaskan village of Kaktovik _4 _ a major boom in tourism last year, as over 2,000 people appeared on its lightly _5_ gravel and snowy streets.(去年，这个原本宁静的阿拉斯加北部村庄Kaktovik迎来了旅游业的大繁荣，2000多名游客出现在这个人口稀少的砾石和积雪的街道上。)”可知，该地成为旅游胜地，本句应是在解释其成为旅游胜地的原因，即其吸引力所在：由于地球变暖和北极海冰萎缩，北极熊被迫进
91、入这里。故选B项。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有的加热设备都让人们更容易看到野生动物，也更容易看到游客与熊的自拍。A. protecting保护；B. evaluating评价；评估；C. dismissing解散；解雇；开除；D. spotting注意到；发现。根据前文“The main _6_ now are polar bears, which are being forced into towns by a warming planet and the shrinking Arctic sea ice.(由于地球变暖和北极海冰萎缩，北极熊被迫进入城镇。)”可知，气候变暖使得
92、一些野生动物受到影响而进入人类“生活圈”，更容易被（人类）看到和发现。故选D项。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约在20世纪90年代中期，研究人员注意到越来越多的雌性北极熊在陆地上筑巢，而不是在冰面上。A. training 训练；培训；B. tempting引诱；诱惑；C. feeding喂养；饲养；D. noticing注意到；意识到。根据句子主语为“researchers(研究人员)”可知，应是研究动物的人员或科学家注意到雌性北极熊筑巢地的变化。故选D项。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它在秋天达到顶峰（秋天也远比即将到来的冬天暖和多了，气候变化也让一切变得更愉快），此时海
93、冰离海岸很远，北极熊会被滞留在陆地上，直到冬天海水再次结冰。A. initiated开始；发起；B. inhabited 居住于；C. stranded使滞留；使搁浅；D. hunted猎取；猎杀；搜索。根据前文“It peaks in autumn when sea ice is far from the shore”可知，秋天时海冰离海岸很远，因此，在陆地筑巢的北极熊无法回到海洋中，会一直滞留在陆地直到海面再次结冰，对于海洋动物而言，“stranded”意为“被搁浅；被滞留”，符合语境表达。故选C项。【50题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：自4月25日以来，气温每天都高于平均水平，这是一个
94、世纪以来持续时间最长的一次。A. average平均的；普通的；B. comfortable使人舒服的；舒适的；C. humiliated感到丢脸的；D. global全球的；总体的。根据句子“Every day since April 25 saw above _10 _ temperatures, the longest streak in a century.”句意表达并结合常识可知，应是将4月25日以来每天的气温与平均气温相比较，从而对比得出这是一个世纪以来最长的高温。故选A项。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据最近的一项预测，冰川融化的速度可能比之前预计的快100倍，冰上游客
95、的数量似乎在持续上升。A. evaluations评估；B. predictions预言；预测；C. regulations法规；条例；D. generalizations概括；一般化。根据后文“like(像)”之后的举例内容“the recent one that glaciers could be melting at 100 times faster than _12_ thought(最近的一个（预测）冰川融化的速度可能比之前认为的快100倍)”可知，这应是一种预测。故选B项。【52题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：根据最近的一项预测，冰川融化的速度可能比之前预计的快100倍，冰上游客的
96、数量似乎在持续上升。A. carefully仔细地；小心地；B. beneficially受益地；获利地；C. previously以前；预先；D. specially专门地；特别地。结合句中“With _11_ like the recent one that glaciers could be melting at 100 times faster than _12_ thought”含义可知，应是根据现在的气候变化而做出的预测与之前的想法进行了对比得出结论：冰川融化速度要比之前想象的快上100倍。故选C项。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些冰川已经被标记为融化的速度，游客可以从他
97、们所站的地方观看和想象未来，就像参观柏林墙的游客描绘过去一样。A. future将来；未来；B. currency通货；货币；C. temporary暂时；D. history历史。根据前文“Some glaciers have been marked by the rate of melt for tourists to watch”可知，一些冰川已经被标示出融化速度，供游客观赏，从而可以在所站之处想象（冰川融化后的）未来，与后文“the past(过去)”相呼应。故选A项。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着景观的变化，旅游公司也不得不修改他们的常规路线和徒步旅行一些十年前还可以步行
98、进入的冰川现在只能通过直升机到达。A. identify确认；认出；鉴定；B. stabilize使稳定；稳固；C. eliminate排除；清除；消除；D. modify调整；修改。 根据前文 “As the landscape changes(随着景观的变化)”可知，旅游公司应是会根据景观的变化调整旅游路线。故选D项。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着景观的变化，旅游公司也不得不修改他们的常规路线和徒步旅行一些十年前还可以步行进入的冰川现在只能通过直升机到达。A. view视野；意见；风景；B. access通道；到达；进入；C. network网络；D. coast海岸；海滨。与
99、后文“be reached(可到达)”相呼应，应是B项“access”，have access (to)，“进入”。故选B项。Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the
100、information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The semi-finals for the League of Legends (LOL) World Championship 2020 ended on Sunday with Chinese team Suning finally defeating another Chinese team Top Esports to earn a ticket to the final against Damwon Gaming from South Korea. The result
101、has captured the attention of Chinese netizens, showing the huge influence of esports in China.Several hashtags such as “LOL Worlds semi-finals” and “Suning gets to the final” have earned more than a billion views on Chinas Twitter-like Sina Weibo as of Monday.Top Esports was one of favorites to win
102、 in the semi-finals, while Suning was commonly seen as a loser, but the latter finally broke through to win 3-1.After the game, one member of the defeated team, Karsa, shed tears at the event, which quickly became a hot topic on Sina Weibo.In a message posted to Sina Weibo after the competition, Top
103、 Esports said that they regret not making it to the final and that they felt sorry for their fans, “but our pursuit of victory will never stop. We will carry on with this regret.”Instead of blaming them for their failure, most netizens encouraged them to try again in 2021.While many media outlets ar
104、e calling Sunings win a surprise, but a commentator for an esports team based in Shanghai surnamed Zhang told the Global Times on Monday that the result is not surprising.“After Top Esports barely defeated Fnatic with a 3-2 score, I felt that the entire team, except for Karsa, performed worse than b
105、efore. The middle lane and bottom lane of the team were off line when playing against Suning and did not play to their usual level,” Zhang said.He praised Suning, saying their skills were improving, “but the team still has a gap with Damwon Gaming. I hope they can lose as gloriously as possible.”Sun
106、ing, which was formed by Chinese commercial retail enterprise Suning, also posted on Sina Weibo on Sunday to thank everyone who supported the team, saying that they will try their best to guard the glory of the League of Legends Pro League.Li, a Suning fan living in Shanghai, was glad to see the tea
107、m she supports win.“The team has constantly grown during the Worlds this year, although all members of the team are freshmen,” she said.Li was also a little regretful for Top Esports as the team is the only one that has all Chinese members.“Making the impossible possible through hard work is the cha
108、rm of esports. I think it is full of passion,” Li said, explaining why she loves esports.56. Which team is the Chinese team Suning ready to fight against next?A. League of LegendsB. Top EsportsC. Damwon GamingD. Fnatic57. What did Mr. Zhang, the commentator, think of the failure of Top Esports?A. He
109、 thought that there was still a gap between Top Esports and Damwon Gaming.B. He thought that the result was not beyond his expectation.C. He believed that every one of the team had performed worse than ever before.D. He believed that Sunnings winning was just a lucky thing.58. Which of the following
110、 statements about the team Suning is correct?A. The team is to fight against Damwon Gaming from South Korea in the semi-final.B. The team is financed by a commercial retail enterprise.C. The team consists of all Chinese members.D. The team is now equivalent to Damwon Gaming.【答案】56. C 57. B 58. B【解析】
111、这是一篇新闻报道。2020年英雄联盟世界锦标赛半决赛在周日结束，中国战队苏宁队最终击败了另一支中国战队Top Esports，获得了与韩国Damwon Gaming的决赛门票。文章主要介绍了苏宁队在此次比赛中的表现以及人们对它获胜的一些看法。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“The semi-finals for the League of Legends (LOL) World Championship 2020 ended on Sunday with Chinese team Suning finally defeating another Chinese team Top Esp
112、orts to earn a ticket to the final against Damwon Gaming from South Korea.(2020年英雄联盟世界锦标赛半决赛在周日结束，中国战队苏宁最终击败了另一支中国战队Top Esports，获得了与韩国Damwon Gaming的决赛门票)”可知，苏宁接下来准备对阵的是Damwon Gaming。故选C。【57题详解】推理判断题。根据第七段“While many media outlets are calling Sunings win a surprise, but a commentator for an esports t
113、eam based in Shanghai surnamed Zhang told the Global Times on Monday that the result is not surprising.(尽管许多媒体都称苏宁的胜利是个惊喜，但上海某电竞团队的一名张姓评论员周一告诉环球时报，这个结果并不令人惊讶)”以及第八段“After Top Esports barely defeated Fnatic with a 3-2 score, I felt that the entire team, except for Karsa, performed worse than before.
114、The middle lane and bottom lane of the team were off line when playing against Suning and did not play to their usual level,” Zhang said.(在Top Esports以3-2的比分勉强击败Fnatic之后，我觉得除了Karsa之外，整个队伍的表现比之前更差。与苏宁比赛时，队伍的中线和下线都出现了脱线的情况，没有发挥出平时的水平。张说)”可知，评论员张先生对Top Esports失败的看法是他认为结果没有超出他的预料。故选B。【58题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第五
115、段“Suning, which was formed by Chinese commercial retail enterprise Suning, also posted on Sina Weibo on Sunday to thank everyone who supported the team, saying that they will try their best to guard the glory of the League of Legends Pro League.(周日，由中国商业零售企业苏宁集团成立的苏宁团队也在新浪微博上发帖，感谢支持该团队的所有人，称他们将尽最大努力
116、捍卫英雄联盟职业联赛的荣誉)”可知，关于苏宁团队的陈述中，B选项“团队由一家商业零售企业资助”正确。故选B。 (B)People climbing Mount Everest are two times as likely to reach the top and less likely to die on the climb than 20 years ago, a new study finds. Everest, high in the Himalayans, is the tallest mountain above sea level on Earth. It reaches 8,8
117、48 meters into the sky.Between 2006 and 2019, around two thirds of climbers were successful in their attempt to reach the top. In the 15 years before that, only about one-third went all the way to the top.The number of attempts to reach the top of Everest has risen sharply over the years, leading to
118、 a 300 percent increase in overcrowding. In 2019, 955 climbers tried to reach the mountaintop. Only 222 people did so in 2000.The study noted that on a single day in May of last year, 396 climbers had gathered at the narrow path just below the top. The area, known as the “death zone,” is so narrow t
119、hat only a small number of climbers can pass through, one directly behind another.Nine climbers died on Everest in May 2019. It was the deadliest Everest climbing season since 2015 when an earthquake killed at least 18 people on the mountain.A picture of climbers waiting their turn to go up and down
120、 through the death zone became famous as it was shared online. Yet researchers say the crowds were not the main reason for the deaths last year.“Surprisingly crowding has no evident effect on success or death” of Everest climbers, the study said.However, overcrowding does make the climb more dangero
121、us.“If crowding slows climbers (as is expected), this increases their exposure to the elements, which should increase risk of an accident or illness,” said Raymond B. Huey, lead writer of the report.An unexpected storm, earthquake, or landslide could be disastrous, he told Reuters by email.Climbers
122、have expressed concern that was giving anyone willing to pay the government $11,000 permission to climb Everest. Nepal plans to change its policy to require climbers to use guides, and meet physical fitness and experience qualifications, said tourism department official Mira Acharya.Nepal temporaril
123、y closed its mountains to climbers because of the coronavirus health crisis. Now they are open again. However, Acharya noted that flights into and within Nepal have not restarted.More than 6,000 people have climbed Mount Everest since 1953, when New Zealander Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay
124、 became the first climbers known to reach the top. At least 311 climbers have died trying.59. Supposing 900 people took part in the climbing Mount Everest between 1990 and 2005, how many of them reached the top?A. 300.B. 400.C. 500.D. 60060. Why does overcrowding make the climbing more dangerous?A.
125、Because it surprisingly leads to death for those climbers.B. Because it stopped the climbers from reaching the top at the area called “death zone”.C. Because it exposes climbers to increasing risk of an accident or illness.D. Because it gets climbers stranded in “death zone” and unable to get furthe
126、r supplies.61. According to the report, what is the possible reason for overcrowding?A. More people want to experience the climbing to the top of Mount Everest.B. A picture of climbers waiting to reach the top inspires more people to give it a try.C. Nepal government gives climbers permission withou
127、t restrictions.D. More people want to climb the Mount Everest before Nepal takes restrictions.62. What is the general idea of this passage?A. Climbers are more likely to lose their lives before Reaching Top of Mount Everest.B. More climbers need to be trained before climbing Mount Everest.C. Enough
128、experience in climbing mountains matters so much.D. Climbers are twice as likely to reach top of Mount Everest than in Past.【答案】59. A 60. C 61. C 62. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述目前攀登珠穆朗玛峰的人登顶的可能性是20年前的两倍，在攀登过程中死亡的可能性也比20年前少了一倍。并简要介绍了导致登山者死亡或患病的原因。【59题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Between 2006 and 2019, around two thirds of
129、 climbers were successful in their attempt to reach the top. In the 15 years before that, only about one-third went all the way to the top.（在2006年至2019年间，大约三分之二的登山者成功登顶。在那之前的15年里，只有大约三分之一的人登顶。）”可知，在1991年到2004期间只有1/3的人登顶成功。由此可推知，如果1990年到2005年有900人登珠峰，那么登顶的人数为：9001/3=300人。故选A。【60题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第五段“If c
130、rowding slows climbers (as is expected), this increases their exposure to the elements, which should increase risk of an accident or illness,（如果拥挤减缓登山者的速度(正如预期的那样)，就会增加他们暴露在自然环境中的机会，这就会增加发生事故或患病的风险。）”可知，因为过度拥挤会增加登山者发生事故或患病的风险，所以这会让登山变得更困难。故选C。【61题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Climbers have expressed concern that
131、 was giving anyone willing to pay the government $11,000 permission to climb Everest. （登山者们表示担心，任何愿意向政府支付1.1万美元的人都可以攀登珠穆朗玛峰。）”可推知，尼泊尔政府给予登山者无限制的许可，这可能是导致登山拥挤的原因。故选C。【62题详解】主旨大意题。阅读文章，并根据第一段“People climbing Mount Everest are two times as likely to reach the top and less likely to die on the climb tha
132、n 20 years ago, a new study finds. （一项新的研究发现，攀登珠穆朗玛峰的人登顶的可能性是20年前的两倍，在攀登过程中死亡的可能性也比20年前少了一倍。）”可知，本文主要讲述登山者登上珠穆朗玛峰的可能性是过去的两倍。故选D。(C)The State-Of-The-Art-Tech Behind Fighting FiresHow are todays firefighters dealing with massive wildfires? Theyre doing it by using the most advanced technology. Whether
133、 its with a modified jumbo jet or innovative thermal(热的) imaging cameras, we take a look at the tech behind fighting some of the worlds most overwhelming fires.Teams fighting against the California wildfires used the Global SuperTanker a modified jumbo jet that carries almost 73,000 liters (19,200 g
134、allons) of fire retardant(阻燃剂) alongside the S-64 Aircrane heavy-lifting helicopter, which carries 10,000 liters (2,200 gallons) of water.These air tankers are used to put out flames and monitor fire spread through sensors and video feeds coupled to GPS data. Fed into hi-tech computer modelling soft
135、ware, they can help predict the fires behavior and possible spread patterns. Computer models are able to provide small area coverage only meters wide, mapping territory and airflow. Fires are especially responsive to wind conditions and these tools allow firefighters to determine the passage of flam
136、es at ground level.But manned aircrafts need a large investment in maintenance and crew training Command and control centers are turning to unmanned aircraft to keep costs down and provide additional capabilities. Small quadcopters(四旋翼机) and larger fixed-wing aircraft can fly over fires for much lon
137、ger periods.Smoke can cover the ground for days at a time or pose a severe breathing risk to air crews However, this is not a problem for drones. Onboard high definition, infrared(红外辐射的) and thermal imaging cameras can provide direction to ground teams, spot vital infrastructure (including power or
138、water lines), and identify dangerous or flammable objects.Infrared and thermal cameras can see through smoke to monitor ground teams and let them know when conditions change. Unmanned aircraft can provide aerial images, heat maps, and temperature scales of fire zones. Specialist drones can even carr
139、y hoses to less accessible areas. In the future, swarms of autonomous drones could be used to track wildfires and spot fire spread.Thermal imaging technology has become widespread and less expensive to use. Handheld cameras and devices that attach to smartphones allow firefighters to see through smo
140、ke and find active fire hotspots, or undergrowth that is burning without producing smoke.Identifying these hotspots allows crews to target the most active and dangerous parts of a wildfire and divert manpower to tackle it more effectively.Augmented reality helmets that include breathing appliance al
141、ongside computer vision-aided displays are adding to the ground teams capabilities. Thermal cameras inside the helmets mean that firefighters can operate in environments completely obscured by smoke. At the same time, they can wirelessly transmit information on what is happening at the frontline to
142、command and control points.Robots are also making a difference. The Smokebot was developed by a Swedish university to assist fire and rescue services. It collects data in environments with reduced visibility using radar, a laser scanner, a thermal camera and gas sensors. Smokebot can help in forest
143、fire situations mapping large areas filled with dust or smoke, where it is too risky to send in rescue personnel.Earth-observing satellites commonly detect wildfires in wilderness areas. Their cameras and remote sensors are used to estimate the fires evolution and provide situational awareness that
144、saves lives.The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) onboard the Suomi NPP satellite gives near real-time data to NASAs Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS) on active fires across the world.Finally, to get the bigger picture on fire tracking and monitoring, the US For
145、est Service and US Geological Survey uses data from the Landsat Earth-observing satellites. Data gathered from every major fire in the country since 1984 has been fed into computer models to help predict and prevent wildfires.63. What does the underlined “they”, in the third paragraph, refer to?A. C
146、urrent firefighters tackling massive wildfires.B. The modified jumbo jets and art thermal imaging cameras.C. The data gained from sensors and video feeds, plus GPS information.D. The air tankers used to put out flames and monitor fire spread.64. Which of the following is not the advantages of drones
147、 over manned aircrafts in tackling massive wildfires?A. Drones dont need much fuel when putting out wildfires and identifying the causes of fires.B. Less money is needed in training crews when drones are available.C. Drones wont come across any breathing problems when in work.D. Drones needs much le
148、ss investment in maintenance.65. Which of the following advanced technologies is not mentioned in the passage?A. Swarms of autonomous drones used to extinguish wildfires from air.B. AR helmets with breathing appliance alongside computer vision-aided.C. Drones with high definition, infrared and therm
149、al imaging cameras onboard.D. Earth-observing satellites equipped with cameras and remote sensors.66. Which of the following statements about Smokebot is true?A. It was created by a Swiss university to assist fire and rescue services.B. It can help to send rescue personnel to a fire spot.C. It can h
150、elp draw a map of large areas and fill the regions with dust or smoke.D. It collects data using advanced technology where visibility is reduced due to fires.【答案】63. C 64. A 65. A 66. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。今天的消防员如何应对大规模的野火？短文介绍了他们使用最先进的技术和装备。【63题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“These air tankers are used to put out flames and
151、monitor fire spread through sensors and video feeds coupled to GPS data.”可知，这些空中加油机被用来扑灭火焰，并通过传感器和与GPS数据相结合的视频信号来监测火势蔓延。由此可知，输入高科技计算机建模软件，从传感器和视频中获取的数据，加上GPS信息可以帮助预测火灾的行为和可能的蔓延模式。所以they指代的是“从传感器和视频中获取的数据，加上GPS信息”。故选C项。【64题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“But manned aircrafts need a large investment in maintenance and
152、 crew training. Command and control centers are turning to unmanned aircraft to keep costs down and provide additional capabilities.” 但是载人飞机需要在维护和机组人员培训方面进行大量投资。指挥和控制中心正转向无人驾驶飞机，以降低成本并提供额外的能力。根据第五段“Smoke can cover the ground for days at a time or pose a severe breathing risk to air crews However, th
153、is is not a problem for drones.” 烟雾可以在数天内覆盖地面，或者对空勤人员构成严重的呼吸风险然而，这对无人机不是问题。由此可知，A选项“无人机在扑灭野火和确定火灾原因时不需要太多燃料。” 不是无人机在处理大规模野火时比有人驾驶飞机的优势。故选A项。【65题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Onboard high definition, infrared(红外辐射的) and thermal imaging cameras can provide direction to ground teams, spot vital infrastructure (includ
154、ing power or water lines), and identify dangerous or flammable objects.” 机载高清晰度红外和热成像摄像机可以为地面团队提供方向，发现重要的基础设施(包括电力或供水管道)，并识别危险或易燃物体。根据倒数第五段“Augmented reality helmets that include breathing appliance alongside computer vision-aided displays are adding to the ground teams capabilities.” 包括呼吸装置和计算机视觉辅助
155、显示器的增强现实头盔增加了地面团队的能力。根据倒数第三段“Earth-observing satellites commonly detect wildfires in wilderness areas. Their cameras and remote sensors are used to estimate the fires evolution and provide situational awareness that saves lives.” 地球观测卫星通常能探测到荒野地区的野火。他们的摄像机和远程传感器用于估计火灾的演变，并提供态势感知，从而挽救生命。由此可知，A选线“成群的无
156、人驾驶飞机被用来从空中熄灭野火。”这项技术在文中没有被提及。故选A项。【66题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“The Smokebot was developed by a Swedish university to assist fire and rescue services. It collects data in environments with reduced visibility using radar, a laser scanner, a thermal camera and gas sensors.”(Smokebot机器人是由瑞典一所大学开发的，用于协助消防和救援服务。
157、它利用雷达、激光扫描仪、热像仪和气体传感器在能见度较低的环境中收集数据)可知“Smokebot在由于火灾而降低了能见度的环境中，利用先进的技术收集数据”这一表述正确。故选D项。Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.If you want t
158、o make sure that you understand this story as fully as possible, you might consider printing the article and reading it on paper. That is one of the findings of a recent study of research done on the differences between paper and screen reading.Virginia Clinton, a professor of Education, Health and
159、Behavior at the University of North Dakota, carried out the research examination. She found what she called a “small but significant” difference in reading text from screen versus paper.Clintons examination found that reading from paper generally led to better understanding and improved a persons pe
160、rformance on tests connected to the reading material. And, she found no major differences in reading speed between the two. _67_Such differences were notable only when the reading materials were expositive texts or explanatory and based on fact. Clinton said she found no major difference when it cam
161、e to narrative, fictional texts.Clinton also found that paper readers usually have a higher recognition of how well they have understood a text than screen readers. This skill is called metacognition. _68_ “Metacognition” simply means thinking about ones own thinking.Clinton and other researchers ha
162、ve found screen readers often believe they understand a text better than they really do. And, they are more likely than paper readers to overestimate how well they would do on a test of the materials they have read.She said, “We think that were reading the story or the book better than we actually a
163、re. We think we understand what we are reading better than how we are actually reading.”Yet, this inflated sense of understanding, or overconfidence, is especially common among screen readers.There are many possible reasons for such findings. Overconfidence of screen readers, for example, could be t
164、he result of a distracted, less focused mind. _69_ Research shows the majority of people of all ages prefer reading from paper. But, if someone prefers screen reading to paper reading, that persons understanding of the material is not likely to suffer.Clinton said, “If you are enjoying the reading p
165、rocess, youre going to be more involved. Youre going to be paying better attention. Preferences are a key issue here.”_70_ “If you are reading from paper, your mind thinks, This is something important. I need to pay attention to it,” Clinton said.Although her findings may support paper reading over
166、screen reading, Clinton says she does not believe screen reading should be avoided.Instead, she points to new and developing tools that can be used to improve a screen readers understanding and focus.A. Several studies show that people often think of paper materials as more important and serious.B.
167、A less focused mind on books may find its way to focus on screen.C. In other words, paper reading was found to be more efficient.D. Reader preference is also important, she said.E. That is to say, paper and screen reading have no effect on ones getting information.F. The word “cognition” means the m
168、ental action of increasing knowledge and understanding.【答案】67. C 68. F 69. D 70. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北达科他州大学教育、健康和行为学教授维吉尼亚克林顿的一项新研究从屏幕上阅读文本和从纸上阅读文本存在她所谓的“微小但重要的”差异，研究称纸上阅读比屏幕阅读更有效。67题详解】上文“Clintons examination found that reading from paper generally led to better understanding and improved a persons
169、 performance on tests connected to the reading material. And, she found no major differences in reading speed between the two.(克林顿的研究发现，从纸上阅读通常能更好地理解并提高一个人在与阅读材料相关的测试中的表现。而且，她发现两者在阅读速度上没有太大差异)”说明纸上阅读和屏幕阅读在速度上没有太大差异，但是能更好地理解并提高一个人在与阅读材料相关的测试中的表现。也就是说，纸上阅读的效率更高。由此可知，C. In other words, paper reading wa
170、s found to be more efficient.(换句话说，人们发现阅读纸张的效率更高)符合题意。故选C。【68题详解】上文“Clinton also found that paper readers usually have a higher recognition of how well they have understood a text than screen readers. This skill is called metacognition.(克林顿还发现纸质阅读者通常比屏幕阅读者对理解一篇文章的程度有更高的认知。这种技能被称为元认知)”及下文“Metacogniti
171、on” simply means thinking about ones own thinking.(“元认知”只是指思考自己的想法)”说明此处在介绍对比与认知技能有关的术语。由此可知，F. The word “cognition” means the mental action of increasing knowledge and understanding.(“认知”一词的意思是增加知识和理解的心理活动)符合题意。故选F。【69题详解】下文“Research shows the majority of people of all ages prefer reading from pape
172、r. But, if someone prefers screen reading to paper reading, that persons understanding of the material is not likely to suffer.(研究表明，大多数人各年龄段的人更喜欢从纸上阅读。但是，如果有人更喜欢屏幕阅读而不是纸质阅读，他对材料的理解就不太可能受到影响)”说明一个人的偏好会影响对材料的理解。由此可知，D. Reader preference is also important, she said.(她说，读者偏好也很重要)符合题意。故选D。【70题详解】下文“If y
173、ou are reading from paper, your mind thinks, This is something important. I need to pay attention to it,” Clinton said.(“如果你从纸上阅读，你的大脑会想，这是重要的东西。我需要关注这个问题”，克林顿说)”说明人们对纸质材料更重视。由此可知，A. Several studies show that people often think of paper materials as more important and serious.(多项研究表明，人们通常认为纸质材料更重要、更
174、严肃)符合题意。故选A。IV. Summary Writing71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s. of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Things to Do After You StudyMany students study with little thought about what comes after their stu
175、dy session. But what you do after studying could have an effect on how well you learn and remember new information. Today on Education Tips, we will explore two no-cost ways that can help you improve your learning: wakeful rest and sleep.When many students finish studying, they often go straight to
176、another activity. But research suggests that resting after you study may help you remember what you studied. The basic idea is this: by reducing your activity after the study session, your brain gets a chance to rest. Resting is difficult when you have too much stimulation from electronic devices, g
177、ames, lights and so on.While this might sound unusual to you, many studies have explored the benefits of resting after learning - what is called “wakeful rest.” A 2019 study found that both young and older adults were able to better remember, or recollect, information from prose passages after doing
178、 wakeful rest. The findings appeared in Neuroscience Letters. This study involved 45 younger people and 40 elderly adults.” Wakeful resting led to higher overall recollection in both age groups,” the researchers noted. If you want to give “wakeful rest” a try, here are a few simple things to do. Res
179、t quietly for five to ten minutes. Do not look at your phone, read stories or play games. Just limit the amount of stimulation you get. It is really that easy!In addition to wakeful rest, sleep is also important for learning. The Division of Sleep Medicine at Harvard Medical School notes that sleep
180、helps people to learn in two ways. A report on the schools website explains that “a sleep-deprived person cannot focus attention optimally and therefore cannot learn efficiently.” It also says, “sleep itself has a role in the consolidation of memory, which is essential for learning new information.”
181、 Robert Stickgold, a doctor and sleep expert at Harvard Medical School, noted that new memories can be hard to keep. “When we first form memories, theyre in a very raw and fragile form,” he said. Sleep is important for forming memories.Now you have two suggestions for how to learn new information. T
182、ry to get some “wakeful rest” after a study session. Then try to get a good nights sleep. Thats a simple way to help you remember what you learn.【答案】There are two no-cost ways to help you improve your learning: wakeful rest and sleep. Resting after you study may help you remember what you studied. B
183、y reducing your activity after the study session, your brain gets a chance to rest. In addition, sleep is also important for learning and forming memories.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，有两种不花钱的方法可以帮助你提高学习质量：良好的休息和睡眠。学习后休息可以帮助你记住所学的内容。通过在学习后减少你的活动，你的大脑得到了休息的机会。此外，睡眠对学习和形成记忆也很重要。【详解】1.要点摘录Today on Education T
184、ips, we will explore two no-cost ways that can help you improve your learning: wakeful rest and sleep. But research suggests that resting after you study may help you remember what you studied. The basic idea is this: by reducing your activity after the study session, your brain gets a chance to res
185、t.In addition to wakeful rest, sleep is also important for learning. Sleep is important for forming memories.2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。 3.遣词造句There are two no-cost ways to help you improve your learning: wakeful rest and sleep. Resting after you study may help you remember what you studied.
186、By reducing your activity after the study session, your brain gets a chance to rest. In addition, sleep is also important for learning and forming memories.【点睛】高分句型1 Resting after you study may help you remember what you studied.运用了动名词短语作主语对原文第二段进行了概括。高分句型2 In addition, sleep is also important for l
187、earning and forming memories.用动名词短语作宾语对倒数第二段进行了概括。V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 难道发展中国家不能举办世界博览会吗？（host）（汉译英）【答案】Cant a developing country host a world expo?【解析】【详解】考查疑问句和固定短语。cant位于句首，构成否定疑问句，有“惊异、责难”的意思，此处表示“难道不能
188、”；根据句意表示“发展中国家”可知短语为a developing country，作主语；表示“举办世界博览会”短语为host a world expo；故翻译为Cant a developing country host a world expo?73. 今天我做了别人不愿做的事情，明天我就能做到别人做不到的事情。(accomplish) （汉译英）【答案】Today I will do what others wont do so tomorrow I can accomplish what others cant.【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句、一般将来时以及动词。分析句子结构本句需要用一
189、般将来时表示未发生的事情。表示“别人不愿意做”应用others wont do ，是动词“做”的宾语；此处应该使用what作为宾语从句的连接词，作从句的宾语。所以前半句为：Today I will do what others wont do.“完成”accomplish动词。“其他人不能做的事情”是“完成”的宾语，情态动词cant之后省略动词accomplish。accomplish为及物动词，及物动词之后需要接宾语，用what引导宾语从句，故翻译为Today I will do what others wont do so tomorrow I can accomplish what ot
190、hers cant.74. 毫无疑问，我们现在的头等大事就是为受灾地区输送食物及药品物资。（priority）（汉译英）【答案】There is no doubt that our top priority right now is to send food and medical supplies to the disaster-hit area.【解析】【详解】考查固定句型、短语和时态。结合句意表示“毫无疑问”句型为there is no doubt that；that从句中为“主系表”句型，表示“头等大事”短语为top priority，作主语，后跟不定式作表语，说明主语的具体内容，表示
191、“为输送”短语为send sth. to；表示“药品物资”短语为medical supplies；表示“受灾地区”短语为the disaster-hit area；结合语境，时态为一般现在时。故翻译为There is no doubt that our top priority right now is to send food and medical supplies to the disaster-hit area.75. 不论你擅长什么，只要为人真诚、助人为乐，又有幽默感，就会拥有真正的朋友。(whatever) （汉译英）【答案】Whatever you are good at, yo
192、u will make true friends as long as you are sincere, are willing to help others and have a sense of humor.【解析】【详解】考查状语从句、固定短语和时态。此处为让步状语从句，表示“不论什么”应用whatever引导，从句中根据句意“擅长”可知短语为be good at，陈述客观事实应用一般现在时；主句主语为you，根据句意表示“拥有真正的朋友”可翻译为make true friends，结合语境应用一般将来时；主句后跟条件状语从句，表示“只要”应用as long as引导；根据句意表示“为人
193、真诚”可用形容词sincere作表语；表示“乐于助人”短语为be willing to do sth.；表示“有幽默感”短语为have a sense of humor，此处主句为一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时。故翻译为Whatever you are good at, you will make true friends as long as you are sincere, are willing to help others and have a sense of humor.VI. Guided Writing76. Directions: Write an English compo
194、sition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.请给三年前刚结束了中考的你自己写一封信，回顾即将过去的三年高中生活和学习，你觉得现在的你能够给三年前的你一些什么建议，并说明理由。【答案】Dear Frank, Three years later, you will become me, a Senior 3 student. Im very glad to know you will be senior middle school student next term. Congratula
195、tions! The life of high school is like a short but precious journey full of happiness and sorrow. Here I would like to share some of my suggestions with you.To begin with, its important to find a proper learning method which is suitable for you because an effective study method can make you get twic
196、e as much done with half the effort. In addition, more attention should be paid to reading, which will broaden your horizons and benefit your future life. Last but not least, learn to be optimistic about life, for youll encounter many difficulties or setbacks. I hope you can enjoy your life and make
197、 great progress in study.Yours,Frank【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给给三年前刚结束中考、即将上高中的自己写一封建议信。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：请给三年前刚结束了中考的你自己写一封信，回顾即将过去的三年高中生活和学习，你觉得现在的你能够给三年前的你一些什么建议，并说明理由。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）senior middle school student; precious; full of; h
198、appiness and sorrow; would like to; share sth. with; to begin with; effective; in addition; broaden ones horizons; be optimistic about; encounter; make great progress第三步：连词成句1. Im very glad to know you will be senior middle school student next term. 2.The life of high school is like a short but prec
199、ious journey full of happiness and sorrow.3. Here I would like to share some of my suggestions with you.4. To begin with, its important to find a proper learning method which is suitable for you because an effective study method can make you get twice as much done with half the effort.5. In addition
200、, more attention should be paid to reading, which will broaden your horizons and benefit your future life.6. Last but not least, learn to be optimistic about life, for youll encounter many difficulties or setbacks.7. I hope you can enjoy your life and make great progress in study.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注
201、意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表并列补充关系：In addition2.表因果关系：Because，for3.表结构顺序：To begin with，Last but not least连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 To begin with, its important to find a proper learning method which is suitable for you because an effective study method can make you get twice as much done with half the effort. (运用了which引导定语从句，because引导原因状语从句)高分句型2 Last but not least, learn to be optimistic about life, for youll encounter many difficulties or setbacks. (运用了for引导原因状语从句)
