1、奉贤区高考英语质量抽查试卷（满分：140分考;大叶间：120分钟）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations between speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you
2、 hear a conversation and the question about it. read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answers to the question you have heard.1. A. In a drugstore. B. in a cosmetics shop.C. At a stationery store. D. At a supermarket.2. A. Lecturer and student. B. Salesperson
3、and customer.C Secretary and boss. D. Mechanic and driver.3. A. $150. B. $200. C. $250. D. 5300.4. A. Serious. B. Disappointed. C. Impatient. D. Excited.5. A. She was very nervous. B. She missed a speech.C. She has heart disease. D. She hosted the TV programs.6. A. Learn coding with her iPad. B. Cha
4、nge the way to unlock her iPad.C. Update the system of her iPad. D. Note down the code of her iPad.7. A. It is popular with customers. B. There are more than enough scats.C. The seats there are uncomfortable. D. It provides customers with reading materials.8. A. She thinks of her baby as a blessing.
5、 B. She is qualified to be a good babysitter.C. She always stays up late caring for her baby. D. She benefits from the babysitter to some extent.9. A. The man feels like taking a walk in the park. B. The man knows everything about the woman.C. The man is overconfident about his examination. D. The m
6、an asks Google to help with his mathematics.10. A. He is making a chocolate cake. B. He is ordering a cake as a present.C. He is celebrating Valentines Day. D. He is writing a cardio his girlfriend.Section BDirections: In Section B. you will hear two short passages undone longer conversation, and yo
7、u will be asked questions on each of them The passages and conversation will be read twice. but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer Io question you have heard.Questions 11 through
8、 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Because they have true blue eyes. B. Because they look true blue underwater.C. Because they have true blue underbellies. D. Because they look true blue on the surface.12. A. By giving out yellowish light. B. By changing the color of their backs.C. By emi
9、tting a series of pulses and sounds. D. By traveling through the ocean at 20 miles an hour.13. A. When they are angry, they let out the loudest noise.B. They are highly intelligent animals without social life.C. An ordinary-sized whale weighs as much as an elephant.D. They rely on excellent hearing
10、to communicate and navigate.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The introduction of the freshmens week. B. The advice on university life to the freshmen.C. The introduction of a university and its courses D. The process of university freshman registration.15. A. To rece
11、ive a warm welcome. B. To gel timetables sorted outC. To help new students make new friends. D. To familiarize new students with their courses.16. A. Students will be quite busy a Her the freshmens week.B. Student Life Card offers discounts at all shops and fast food chains.C. Students registration
12、time will probably depend on their arrival day.D. Students should collect all the books required during the fteshmen5s week.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. He goes Io too many parties. B. He drinks loo much beer with friends.C. He hangs out with his friends too
13、 much. D. He is too busy with schoolwork to do exercise.18. A. Because she can get a reward from (he gym. B. Because she thinks the man should lose weight.C. Because it will motivate the man to do exercise. D. Because it will motivate her to go there regularly.19. A. It has a private bathroom. B. It
14、 is popular among girls.C. It has a fancy restaurant. D. It is newly opened this year.20. A. Yoga. B. Rowing machines. C. Running machines. D. Stationary exercise bikes.II. Grammar and VocabularyDirections: After reading the passage below. Jill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammati
15、cally correct. For the blanks with a given word. fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Landslide Injures at least 10 in Norwegian Town of AskA landslide (山体滑坡)has smashed into a residential area near the Norwegian capi
16、tal at midnight on Dec. 30. injuring at least 10 people, leaving 21 unaccounted for and _1_(destroy) several homes, authorities said.About 700 people have been brought to safety for fear of further landslides.The landslide cut across a road, leaving a deep gap that cars _2_not pass. Video footage sh
17、owed dramatic scenes including one house falling into the gap. Photographs showed at least eight destroyed homes.Rescue workers continued to search the area for children and adults _3_(believe) to have been caught in mud and debris (废墟), police said. Were still looking for survivors? police spokesma
18、n Roger Pettersen told a news conference.Pettersen said there were no reports of missing people, but officials could not rule out the possibility _4_ there might be survivors in collapsed buildings. He said 21 people registered as living in the area arc unaccounted for.One of the injured was serious
19、ly hurt, while nine had _5_(light) injuries. Weather at the time was reported to be challenging, with snowstorm sweeping the village of Ask, _6_about 5,000 people inhabited.Norways King Harald said the landslide had made a deep impression on him. My thoughts are with all those who are affected, inju
20、red or have lost their homes and chose who now live in fear and uncertainty of _7_ damage the disaster has caused,” he said in a statement released by the royal palace.The area in which Ask _8_(locate) is known to have a lot of quick clay, which can change from solid to liquid from. Previous landsli
21、des have been reported in the region.Helicopters continued to circle over the area as night fell _9_ (lower) rescuers towards the debris of collapsed houses.There could be people trapped . but at the same time we cant be sure _10_ it is the new years holiday, which means people could be elsewhere,”
22、Ema Solberg, the Norwegian Prime Minister, told reporters after visiting the site.【答案】1. destroying 2. could 3. believed 4. that 5. lighter 6. where 7. how much 8. is located 9. to lower 10. because【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了挪威阿斯小镇发生山体滑坡的情况。【1题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：挪威当局表示，12月30日午夜，挪威首都奥斯陆附近的一个居民区发生山体滑坡，造成至少10
23、人受伤，21人下落不明，数座房屋被毁。根据连词and可知，这里用现在分词与leaving并列作状语。故填destroying。【2题详解】考查情态动词。句意：滑坡切断了道路，留下了一个汽车无法通过的深沟。pass为动词原形，所以前用情态动词，表示“能够、可以”。根据文章时态可知，用过去时态。故填could。【3题详解】考查时态。句意：警方说，救援人员继续在该地区搜寻据信被困在泥浆和残骸中的儿童和成人。分析可知，设空处为children and adults的后置定语，believe和它们是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填believed。【4题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：彼得森说，目前没有失踪人员
24、的报告，但官员们不能排除倒塌的建筑物中可能有幸存者的可能性。分析句子可知，名词possibility后接同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以用连接词that。故填that。【5题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：其中一名伤者伤势严重，另有九人伤势较轻。根据“One of the injured was seriously hurt,”可知，用形容词的比较级修饰名词injuries。故填lighter。【6题详解】考查定语从句。句意：据报道，当时的天气非常恶劣，暴风雪席卷了约有5000人居住的阿斯村。句中先行词为the village of Ask，在非限定性定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系
25、副词where引导。故填where。【7题详解】考查疑问词。句意：他在皇宫发布的一份声明中说：“我的心与所有那些受到影响、受伤或失去家园的人同在，我选择了那些现在生活在恐惧和不确定的灾难造成了多大破坏中的人。”名词damage为不可数名词，结合句意可知，此处表示不知道多少灾难，故前用疑问副词how much。故填how much。【8题详解】考查时态。句意：众所周知，阿斯所在的地区有很多快速粘土，可以从固体变成液体。be located in坐落于。分析句子可知，设空处为定语从句谓语。根据文章时态可知，用一般现在时。故填is located。【9题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：夜幕降临，直升机继
26、续在该地区上空盘旋，以把救援人员靠近倒塌房屋的废墟。根据句意可知，句中应用不定式作目的状语。故填to lower。【10题详解】考查连词。句意：但与此同时，我们也不能确定，因为今天是新年假期，这意味着人们可能在其他地方。根据句意可知，后句解释原因，所以用连词because。故填because。Section BDirection: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you
27、 needA. outdated B. polish C. struggling D. historically E. exchange F. promotionalG. stylized H. floods I. witnesses J. interchangeably K. decliningWhy Dutch Officials Want You to Forget the Country of HollandThe Dutch nation has long been dealing with its identity crisis. For decades, the governme
28、nt used “Holland” and “the Netherlands _11_to describe the country known for its iconic canals, tulip (郁金香)fields and windmills.Rut starting from Jan, I, all official government communications and_12_materials will use the Netherlands as its name.The government has been working on a campaign that mi
29、ght_13_the countrys image in the face of growing international competition for the past 18 months, said Ingrid de Beer, the head of the public diplomacy section in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Our international image faces some challenges, she said. Research showed that many people do not know o
30、f the Netherlands or have _14_ concepts of the country. Young people, particularly those in countries farther away, are unfamiliar with the country.The Kingdom of the Netherlands consists of 12 provinces, two of which Noord (North) Holland and Zuid (South) Holland make up Holland. Amsterdam, which _
31、15_ about )9 million travelers annually, and Keukenhof, one of the worlds largest flower gardens and a popular attraction, are both in the Holland region. The countrys tourism board,_16_ to handle millions of tourists, stopped promoting its most famous attractions in favor of trying to encourage tra
32、velers to go to lesser-known destinations, according to a 2019 report. By 2030. the report predicted, the Netherlands could see _17_of up to 42 million tourists - an enormous number for a country of 17 million.The region of Holland has_18_ contributed the most to the countrys economy and wealth, res
33、ulting in its name commonly being used to indicate the entire country.But not anymore, the Dutch government insists. We are fully aware that internationally, a strong image of the Netherlands contributes to achieving political objectives, promoting trade, attracting talent, investment and tourists a
34、nd encouraging cultural and scientific _19_, Ms. de Beer said.Part of the campaign includes an updated logo, a NL_20_to look like an orange-tulip, according to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The logo replaces the “Holland tulip/ which was created by the tourism board 25 years ago and used to promo
35、te the country. 【答案】11. J 12. F 13. B 14. A 15. I 16. C 17. H 18. D 19. E 20. G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了荷兰正式使用the Netherlands作为其名称，并解释用此名称的原因。【11题详解】考查副词。句意：几十年来，政府一直交替使用“Holland”和“the Netherlands”来描述这个以其标志性的运河、郁金香田和风车而闻名的国家。修饰动词used，用副词形式。副词interchangeably“可交换地”。根据句意，故选J。【12题详解】考查形容词。句意：从1月1日起，所有官方的
36、政府通讯和宣传材料都将使用the Netherlands作为其名称。修饰名词materials，用形容词形式。形容词promotional“广告宣传的”。根据句意，故选F。【13题详解】考查动词。句意：外交部公共外交科科长英格丽德德比尔（ingriddebeer）表示，在过去18个月里，面对日益激烈的国际竞争，政府一直在努力开展一项运动，以改善国家形象。情态动词might后接动词原形。动词polish“完善；改善”。根据句意，故选B。【14题详解】考查形容词。句意：研究表明，许多人不了解荷兰，或者对这个国家有过时的观念。修饰名词concepts，用形容词形式。形容词outdated“过时的”。
37、根据句意，故选A。【15题详解】考查动词。句意：阿姆斯特丹每年接待约900万游客，基肯霍夫是世界上最大的花园之一，也是一个很受欢迎的景点，两者都在荷兰地区。分析句子结构可知，此句为非限制性定语从句，句中先行词为Amsterdam，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，句中缺少谓语动词。根据文章时态可知，用一般现在时，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。动词witness“目击”。根据句意，故选I。【16题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据2019年的一份报告显示，该国旅游局因疲于应对数百万游客，已停止宣传其最著名的景点，转而鼓励游客去不太知名的目的地。主语The countrys tourism board与s
38、truggle之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。动词struggle“努力，挣扎”。根据句意，故选C。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：该报告预测，到2030年，荷兰可能会迎来多达4200万游客的涌入，这对一个只有1700万人口的国家来说是一个巨大的数字。修饰动词used。用副词形式。floods of“很多的，大量的”。根据句意，故选H。【18题详解】考查副词。句意：历史上，荷兰地区对国家的经济和财富贡献最大，因此它的名字通常用来表示整个国家。修饰动词contributed，用副词形式。副词historically“历史上地”。根据句意，故选D。【19题详解】考查名词。句意：我们充分意识到，在
39、国际上，荷兰的强大形象有助于实现政治目标、促进贸易、吸引人才、投资和游客，并鼓励文化和科学交流，”德比尔说。形容词scientific后接名词形式。名词exchange“交流”。根据句意，故选E。【20题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据外交部称，这项运动的一部分包括一个更新的标志，一个“NL”的样式看起来像一个橙色郁金香。句中NL与stylize之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。stylize“使风格化； 仿效的风格”。根据句意，故选G。III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following
40、 passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B. C and D. Fill In each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.As consumers, we are very wasteful. Annually, the world generates 1.3 billion ions of solid waste. This is expected to go up to 2.2 billion by 2025. The developed coun
41、tries are _21_for 44% of waste, and in the U.S. alone, the average person throws away their body weight in rubbish every month.Traditional wisdom would seem to suggest that companies have no interest in_22_the life cycle of their products and reduce the revenue (营收)they would get from selling new go
42、ods._23_, more and more businesses are thinking about how to reduce consumer waste. This is_24_ driven by the rising price of raw materials and metals. Also, both consumers and companies becoming more aware of the need to protect our environment is another force that contributes.When choosing what p
43、roducts to buy and which brands to buy from, more and more consumers are looking into sustainability, which is_25_ just price and performance they were concerned about in the past. In a survey of 54 of the worlds leading brands, almost all of them reported that consumers are showing increasing care
44、about environmental lifestyles. At the same time, surveys on consumers in the U.S. and the U.K. show that they also care about _26_ energy use and reducing waste._27_, consumers control what happens to a product. But some companies are starting to realize that placing the burden of recycling entirel
45、y on the consumer is not an effective strategy, especially when_28_something seems like the easiest and most convenient option.Some retailers and manufacturers in the clothing, footwear, and electronics industries have launched _29_programs, They want io make their customers interested in _30_ their
46、 products and preventing things that still have value from going to the landfill. By offering services to help expand the longevity of their products, theyre promising quality and _31_ to consumers, and receiving the_32_ gains for being environmentally friendly and socially responsible.Enormous oppo
47、rtunities also_33_e-waste. It is estimated that in 2014 the world produced some 42 million metric tons of e-waste (discarded electrical and electronic equipment and its parts) with North America and Europe accounting for 8 and 12 million metric tons _34_. The materials from e-waste include iron, cop
48、per, gold, silver, and aluminum-materials that could be reused, resold, recovered, or recycled. Together, the value of these metals is estimated to be about $52 billion. Electronics giants like BestBuy and Samsung have provided e-waste _35_programs over the past few years, which aim to refurbish (翻新
49、)old electronic components and parts into new products.21. A. forgivableB. accountableC. tolerableD. remarkable22. A. alteringB. lengtheningC. obeyingD. upsetting23. A. ThereforeB. SomehowC. YetD. Otherwise24. A. partlyB. barelyC. preciselyD. exclusively25. A. bridged withB. subjected toC. opposed t
50、oD. associated with26. A. minimizingB. maintainingC. stimulatingD. deserting27. A. On the contraryB. Above allC. For exampleD. In most cases28. A. modifyingB. wreckingC. dumpingD. restoring29. A. sustainableB. compulsoryC. economicD. educational30. A. insuringB. substitutingC. concealingD. preservin
51、g31. A. accessibilityB. productivityC. affordabilityD. durability32. A. profitableB. emotionalC. predictableD. reputational33. A. lie inB. stand forC. consist ofD. result in34. A. respectivelyB. dramaticallyC. evenlyD. thoroughly35. A. take-back.B. give-awayC. clean-upD. cut-down【答案】21. B 22. B 23.
52、C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. D 32. D 33. A 34. A 35. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了消费者每年生产大量的垃圾，造成了资源的浪费。一些企业提出可持续计划，他们希望让客户对即存的产品感兴趣，并防止仍然有价值的东西进入垃圾填埋场。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为消费者，我们非常浪费。每年，全世界产生13亿个离子的固体废物。到2025年，这一数字预计将达到22亿。发达国家的废物占44，仅在美国，每个人每月就扔掉自己体重那么多的垃圾。A. forgivable可原谅的；B. account
53、able负有责任的C. tolerable可容忍的；D. remarkable显著的。根据文中_1_for 44% of waste以及下文North America and Europe accounting for 8 and 12 million metric tons_14_可知，be accountable for sth“为负责，占的比例”。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：传统观点似乎表明，公司对延长产品的生命周期和减少从销售新商品中获得的收入这样的方法没有兴趣。A. altering更改，改变；B. lengthening使延长；C. obeying遵守；D. u
54、psetting使烦恼，使心烦意乱。文中_2_the life cycle of their products可推知，要减少浪费的问题，是增加产品的使用期限，也就是延长生命周期。故选B项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，越来越多的企业正在考虑如何减少消费者浪费。A. Therefore因；B. Somehow不知怎么的，以某种方式的；C. Yet然而；D. Otherwise否则。companies have no interest in_2_ the life cycle of their products and reduce the revenue (营收)they woul
55、d get from selling new goods以及下文more and more businesses are thinking about how to reduce consumer waste可知，两句存在转折关系，yet然而，符合语境。故选C项。24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这部分原因是原材料和金属价格上涨驱动的。A. partly部分地；B. barely勉强，几乎不；C. precisely精确地；D. exclusively专门地，唯一地。由下文both consumers and companies becoming more aware of the need
56、 to protect our environment is another force that contributes.可知，还有另外一种驱动力，所以这是一部分的原因，故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在选择购买哪种产品以及从哪个品牌购买商品时，越来越多的消费者开始关注可持续性，这与他们过去一直在关注的价格和性能相反的。A. bridged with与架起桥梁，沟通；B. subjected to使服从，受管制于；C. opposed to与相反；反对；D. associated with参加；与有关；与相联系。根据下文which is _5_ just price an
57、d performance they were concerned about in the past可推知，现在关注的与之前关注的是相反的，故选C项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，对美国和英国消费者的调查表明，他们也关心减少能源使用和减少浪费。A. minimizing使减少；B. maintaining保持，维持；C. stimulating刺激，激励；D. deserting抛弃，遗弃。由they also care about_6_ energy use and reducing waste可推知，空处与reduce并列，minimize与reduce并列，故选A项。
58、【27题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：大多数情况下，消费者控制产品的变化。A. On the contrary相反；B. Above all首先，最重要的是；C. For example例如；D. In most cases在大多数情况下。根据句子可知consumers control what happens to a product可推知，多数情况下，消费者控制产品的使用。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是一些公司开始意识到，将回收的重担完全放在消费者身上并不是一种有效的策略，尤其是当丢弃垃圾似乎是最简单，最方便的选择时。A. modifying调整；稍作修改；B.
59、wrecking毁掉；C. dumping丢弃，倾倒；D. restoring交还；恢复。由上文the average person throws away their body weight in rubbish every month可推知，丢弃一些东西与上文throw away相对应。故选C项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：服装，鞋类和电子行业的一些零售商和制造商已经启动了可持续计划，他们希望让客户对即存的产品感兴趣，并防止仍然有价值的东西进入垃圾填埋场。A. sustainable可持续发展的；B. compulsory强制性的；C. economic经济上的；D. educ
60、ational具有教育性的。由下文preventing things that still have value from going to the landfill以及receiving the _12_gains for being environmentally friendly and socially responsible可推知，公司在推行可持续发展的计划。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：服装，鞋类和电子行业的一些零售商和制造商已经启动了可持续计划，他们希望让客户对即存的产品感兴趣，并防止仍然有价值的东西进入垃圾填埋场。A. insuring承保，投保；B. sub
61、stituting用替代；C. concealing隐瞒；D. preserving保存。下文preventing things that still have value from going to the landfill可推知，防止他们把有价值的东西扔掉，所以可推知是让他们对存有的东西保持兴趣。故选D项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们向消费者承诺了质量和耐用性，并因其对环境友好和对社会负责的态度而赢得声誉。A. accessibility易用性；B. productivity生产力C. affordability可负担能力；D. durability耐久性。由By offer
62、ing services to help expand the longevity of their products可知，延长产品的寿命，也就是产品的耐用性。故选D项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们向消费者承诺了质量和耐用性，并因其对环境友好和对社会负责的态度而赢得声誉。A. profitable可盈利的；B. emotional情感的；C. predictable可预测的；D. reputational声誉良好的。由文中and receiving the _12_ gains for being environmentally friendly and socially re
63、sponsible可推知，因为环保和负责任的态度而受到了良好声誉。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：电子垃圾中也蕴藏着巨大的机会。A. lie in位于，存在于；B. stand for代表，象征；C. consist of包含，包括；D. result in导致。由文中Enormous opportunities also_13_ e-waste可知，机会存在于电子垃圾中。故选A项。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：据估计，2014年全球产生了约4,200万吨的电子废物（废弃的电气和电子设备及其零件），而北美和欧洲分别占了8000万吨和1200万吨。A. respect
64、ively分别地；B. dramatically戏剧的；C. evenly均匀的；D. thoroughly彻底的。由文中North America and Europe accounting for 8 and 12 million metric tons_14_ 可知，北美洲和欧洲分别占比例多少，故选A项。【35题详解】考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：过去几年中，BestBuy和Samsung等电子巨头已经提出了电子垃圾回收计划，目的是将旧电子元器件翻新为新产品。A. take-back收回；B. give-away放弃；C. clean-up清理工作；D. cut-down削减。 由下文wh
65、ich aim to refurbish (翻新)old electronic components and parts into new products可推知是电子垃圾回收计划，故选A项。Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D Choose the one
66、that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Not long after Tony Berlin began working at the state drivers license facility in Niles in 1985, he noticed that some truck drivers who should have failed their exams mysteriously passed them. For six years, start
67、ing in 1992， he collected evidence to show why: He believed truck drivers were bribing state workers to get licenses. In another turn of the screw, the workers were using those bribes lo buy tickets to the then secretary of state George Ryans fundraisers, including for his successful bid for governo
68、r. Berlin tried to expose the corruption (腐败)-he went to the FBI and the upper ranks of the secretary of states office - but was repeatedly met with indifference. Then he began to suspect that the truck driver in a 1994 accident that killed six children, all from the same family, got his license thr
69、ough the scheme. In a moment that changed everything, Berlin reached out to the Reverend Scott Willis, the childrens father.It was his call to Willis that connected the crash to what would become known as the licenses for bribes scandal (丑闻 ）， “Berlins the one who started it says the Willises lawyer
70、. A few months after that phone call, the U.S. attorneys office initiated Operation Safe Road, an ongoing federal investigation that by the end of November had disclosed 34 offenses.The investigation ultimately netted 75 offenses, including that of Dean Bauer, Ryans inspector general. He pleaded gui
71、lty in 2001 to obstructing (妨碍)justice and was sentenced to 12 months in. prison. Bui the biggest catch was Ryan himself, who was sentenced in 2006 to six and a half years tor fraud and blackmailing. As for Berlin, he continued to work a stale licenste facilities, in Streator and Pontiac, choosing t
72、o slay out of the public eye.36. What initially caused Tony Berlin to investigate the licenses for bribes scandal?A. Truck drivers, bribing slate workers.B. Truck drivers licenses being granted too freely.C. His working at the state drivers license facility.D. The truck drivers killing six children
73、in a 1994 accident.37. According to Tony Berlin, the bribes ultimately ran into.A. buying driving licensesB. George Ryans fundraisingC. covering the loss of the WillisesD. supporting the federal investigation38. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. Tonys calling
74、Willis was a turning point in the whole bribing case.B. Tony Berlin became a household name after the exposure of the scandal.C. the FBI failed to take serious action the first time Berlin asked for investigation.D. George Ryan, the biggest criminal behind the scene, was sentenced to years in jail.3
75、9. According to the passage, which of the following can best describe Tony Berlin?A. Perseverant, dutiful and tame-thirsty.B. Strong-willed, cooperative and sociable.C. Responsible, aggressive and merciless.D. Determined, right-minded and courageous.【答案】36. B 37. B 38. B 39. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了托
76、尼柏林因卡车执照发放太随意促使他展开一系列的调查，最终揭露了政府贪污腐败行为。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“he noticed that some truck drivers who should have failed their exams mysteriously passed them. For six years, starting in 1992. he collected evidence to show why: He believed truck drivers were bribing state workers to get licenses.”（他注意到一些本
77、应考试不及格的卡车司机却神秘地通过了考试。从1992年开始，持续了六年。他收集了证据来说明原因:他认为卡车司机贿赂政府工作人员以获得执照。）可知，卡车执照发放太随意了促使托尼柏林调查执照贿赂丑闻的。故选B项。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“In another turn of the screw, the workers were using those bribes lo buy tickets to the then secretary of state George Ryans fundraisers, including lor his successful bid for go
78、vernor.”（另一个转折点是，工人们利用这些贿赂为时任国务卿的乔治瑞安的筹款活动买票，其中包括他竞选州长的成功。）可知，贿赂最终与乔治瑞安的筹款活动有关。故选B项。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“As for Berlin, he continued to work al stale license facilities, in Streator and Pontiac, choosing (o slay out of the public eye.”（至于柏林，他继续在斯特里特和庞蒂亚克的陈旧的执照工厂工作，选择不受公众关注。）可知，丑闻曝光后，托尼柏林成了家喻户晓的人物这一说法
79、是错误的。故选B项。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“he collected evidence to show why: He believed truck drivers were bribing state workers to get licenses.”（他收集了证据来说明原因:他认为卡车司机贿赂政府工作人员以获得执照。）以及“Berlin tried to expose the corruption (腐败)-he went to the FBI and the upper ranks of the secretary of states office - but was re
80、peatedly met with indifference.”（柏林试图揭露腐败他去找了联邦调查局和国务卿办公室的高层但多次遭到冷遇。）由此可见，柏林是一个坚定，正直且勇敢的人。故选D项。(B)We understand that in light of the latest government CORONAVIRUS TRAVEL ADVICE, your travel plans will be changing. To reflect this, some terms & conditions for refunding tickets or changing journeys ar
81、e different to usual.Refunds on Unused Tickets for Travel You can apply for refunds up to four weeks from the last day that the ticket was valid. Unused Anytime, Off-Peak and Super Off-Peak tickets can be refunded and a service fee applies. Advance tickets are not refundable. Alternatively, you can
82、change your ticket io travel at a later date See Changing Tickets or Requesting a Travel Voucher below. PLEASE NOTE that if the train you are booked on docs not ran or is canceled due to irresistible forces, refund： will be made on ALL TICKETS TYPES with no service fee.If you are uncertain about tra
83、velling, you may wish to consider purchasing a more flexible ticket such as Anytime or Off-Peak - for travel.Changing Tickets or Requesting a Travel Voucher If you bought an Advance ticket before the National Lockdown was announced on 4lh January and will no longer be travelling, you should apply fo
84、r a travel voucher or reschedule your journey free of charge. You need to do this be lore your first train departs and pay the difference if your new ticket is more expensive. Please note you will not be entitled to a travel voucher if your Advance ticket was purchased after 4lh Jan. Speak to the or
85、iginal retailer of your ticket for advice. Anytime, Off-Peak and Super Off-Peak tickets are more flexible and can be changed any time before you travel There is no fee to change these tickets. you will only need to pay any difference in fare.Refunding Season TicketsUnexpired(未逾期的)Season Tickets can
86、be submitted for refund at any time and train companies calculate how much is refunded by bow much value is left on your ticket, they do this by deducting (扣除)the value of any other tickets you could have travelled with in the same lime until you stopped using and return your Season Ticket Refunds c
87、an only be backdated with evidence that illness prevented you from travelling. (National Rail Conditions of Travel. Condition 40.4). To see how much you could get back from your Season Ticket, try the Season Ticket Refund Calculator below. For more information, including if you require a refund due
88、to sickness that prevented you from using a Season Ticket see the link here, Customers can still claim refunds remotely online, minimizing contact between customers and staffs keeping everyone safer. Please see your retailers website for details.Travelling on Another Train Companys Service In areas
89、where there is cancellation, train companies may agree acceptance of tickets routed via another company For more details, please contact your rail service provider.40. Passengers are entitled to their money back on_.A. Anytime tickets completely free of chargeB. Oil-Peak tickets with no restrictions
90、C. Advance tickets for their train not runningD. Super Off-Peaks that went invalid for half a year41. A Season ticket holds more refundable value only when_.A. train companies refuse to calculate the value that is left on itB. you formally apply to cease using the ticket and hand it backC. you use t
91、he Season Ticket Refund Calculator on the websiteD. the proof is given that you were unable to travel due to illness42. We can learn from the passage that _ .A. Advance tickets purchased after Jan. 4th can also be rescheduledB. passengers with a fixed timetable are advised to buy Anytime ticketsC. s
92、afer approaches to refund have been introduced to limit physical contactD. service from another train company is not available if your train get cancelled【答案】40. C 41. D 42. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在疫情期间退票或改程的一些条款和条件。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三个黑点“ PLEASE NOTE that if the train you are booked on docs not ran
93、 or is canceled due to irresistible forces, refund： will be made on ALL TICKETS TYPES with no service fee.”（请注意，如果您在单据上预订的列车没有运行或由于不可抗拒的力量而被取消，所有类型的车票都将获得退款，不收取服务费。）可知，火车停运时，乘客有权凭预售票退票。故选C项。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第四个黑点“Unexpired(未逾期)Season Tickets can be submitted for refund at any time and train companie
94、s calculate how much is refunded by bow much value is left on your ticket, they do this by deducting (扣除)the value of any other tickets you could have travelled with in the same lime until you stopped using and return your Season. Refunds can only be backdated with evidence that illness prevented yo
95、u from travelling. (未到期的季票可以随时提交退款，火车公司通过你的车票上还剩多少钱计算退款多少，他们会扣除你在同一线路上可能使用的任何其他车票的价钱计算剩余的钱，直到你停止使用并退掉你的季票，只有有证据表明你因生病而不能旅行时，才能退钱。）”可知，只有当你证明你因病不能旅行时，季票才有更多的可退还价值。故选D项。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二个黑点“Customers can still claim refunds remotely online, minimizing contact between customers and staffs keeping eve
96、ryone safer.”（客户仍然可以远程在线申请退款，减少客户和员工之间的联系，确保每个人都更安全。）可知，为了限制身体接触，已经引入了更安全的退款方法。故选C项。(C)The urgency and importance of Covid-19 over (he past year have driven almost everything else from most leaders5 minds. But since the vaccine is kicking in, Britains government is once again beginning to think abou
97、t the things that will matter later. Next week, it is expected to publish a plan for growth“ to boost productivity, with innovation at its centre.The world may be on the point of a technological boom with life sciences, at which Britain excels. Innovation is crucial to productivity, but on this fron
98、t Britains performance has lagged behind its competitors in recent years. Its low spending on Research and Development (R&D) argues for a boost. Those who attributed the financial failure in the 1970s to the insufficiency of research funds may regard this as a threat to economic growth. Promoting in
99、novation can quickly (um into an exercise in picking winners - or, as is more often the case, losers.A second danger is that policy agendas get mixed up. The government has promised to level up” poorer areas of the country, so deprived towns arc campaigning for more money for their universities. But
100、 trying to boost innovation by sending money to weak institutions is likely to make our leading universities lose their advantages, thus producing average ideas that could have been remarkable. Britains research-funding system has always been elitist(精英主义的). It should stay that way.The governments f
101、irst move in boosting innovation was the announcement of a plan for an Advanced Research and Invention Agency (ARIA). ARlAs purpose is to fund high-risk, high-reward research. But money is not all that mailers. The successful translation of life science research into treatments during the pandemic s
102、uggests some inexpensive measures that can also make a difference.One is to speed up governmental processes. The rapidity with which Britains medical regulator moved during the pandemic is one reason why the vaccine rollout is racing through the population. Urgency is not unique lo pandemics. Gettin
103、g things done quickly can make an investment worthwhile and determine where a businessman chooses as a base.Another useful measure the government should use is its unique ability to overcome barriers. At the beginning of the pandemic. Covid-19 researchers were unable to gain access to different stra
104、nds of health service data. The government eased restrictions on existing data and allowed researchers to ask people who had tested positive tor Covid-19 to join trials. Both were crucial to the effort.A last principle is the value of connections between the government and the private sector. Kate B
105、ingham, a venture capitalist who led the vaccine-purchase effort, understood how to deal with drug companies. Many of the civil servants working with her had commercial experience. The governments closeness to business during the pandemic has been criticized. But without it, the vaccine effort would
106、 not have succeeded.Innovation took human beings from caves to computers. Good education, a welcoming immigration policy and a friendly business environment will do most to tend it. But a new sensible principles can help keep the flame burning.43. What docs the underlined word this in Paragraph 2 re
107、fer to?A. Investing insufficient money in innovation.B. Promoting innovation in technology.C. Applying science results to practical uses.D. Distributing funds to weak institutions.44. Whats the possible consequence of the British governments attempt to level up poorer areas?A. Britains research-fund
108、ing system will remain elitist.B. Weak institutions are more likely to produce remarkable results.C. The outstanding universities will be unable to exhibit remarkable ideas.D. Both poor and rich areas in the country will develop in a balanced way.45. What can be inferred from the three principles pu
109、t forward by the writer?A. A businessman is more willing to set up business where governments show high efficiency.B. The administrative abilities are so unique to the government that they actually yield little fruit.C. The government ceased the cooperation with private sectors for the criticism the
110、y had received.D. The rollout of the vaccine was made possible mainly because the public responded quickly.46. Whats the best title of the passage?A. How Governments Fuel the Sparks of InnovationB. Why the Brits Struggle in the Tech RaceC. How Governments Benefit from InnovationD. What People Gain w
111、ith the Light of Technology【答案】43. A 44. C 45. A 46. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了英国政府预计并以创新为中心，发布“增长计划”以提高生产力，并着重介绍了创新应该遵守的原则。【43题详解】词义猜测题。由第二段“Those who attributed the financial failure in the 1970s to the insufficiency of research funds may regard this as a threat to economic growth.”（那些将70年代的金融失败归因于研究资
112、金不足的人可能将其视为对经济增长的威胁。）由文中这些人归因于资金不足，可知this指代研究资金不足。故选A项。【44题详解】细节理解题。由第三段“But trying to boost innovation by sending money to weak institutions is likely to make our leading universities lose their advantages, thus producing average ideas that could have been remarkable.”（推行该政策，贫穷的城镇为他们的大学争取更多的资金，但是试图
113、通过向弱势机构捐款来促进创新，这可能会使我们的领先大学失去优势，产出那些本可以卓越的普通想法。）可知，英国政府推行此政策，一些领先大学会失去自身的优势，也就是C项“大学无法展示出卓越的思想”。故选C项。【45题详解】推理判断题。由文章第五段可知，“One is to speed up governmental processes. The rapidity with which Britains medical regulator moved during the pandemic is one reason why the vaccine rollout is racing through
114、the population. ”（大流行期间，英国医疗监管机构迅速采取行动，是疫苗快速普及的原因之一。）可知，D项“之所以能够推出这种疫苗，主要是因为公众反应迅速。”故D说法不对。后半句“Getting things done quickly can make an investment worthwhile and determine where a businessman chooses as a base. ”（快速完成工作可以使您值得投资，并确定商人选择作为基地的位置），所以效率高的地方更值得投资。A项“商人更愿意在政府表现出高效率的地方开展业务”。A说法符合题意。由文章倒数第二段“
115、The governments closeness to business during the pandemic has been criticized. But without it, the vaccine effort would not have succeeded.”（ 大流行期间政府与商业的亲密关系受到了批评。但是，如果没有它，疫苗工作将不会成功。政府和商业进行了合作。）可知政府和商业进行了合作，故C不对。低六段“The government eased restrictions on existing data and allowed researchers to ask pe
116、ople who had tested positive tor Covid-19 to join trials. Both were crucial to the effort.”（政府放宽了对现有数据的限制，并允许研究人员要求对Covid-19呈阳性反应的人参加试验。 两者对于这项工作都是至关重要的。政府的能力在疫情期间是值得肯定的，所以B项“政府的行政能力是如此独特，以至于实际上他们收效甚微。”说法不正确。故选A项。【46题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Next week, it is expected to publish a plan for growth“ to boost pr
117、oductivity, with innovation at its centre.”（下周，预计将发布“增长计划”以提高生产力，并以创新为中心。以及下文提到的原则。）可知，还有最后一段Good education, a welcoming immigration policy and a friendly business environment will do most to tend it. But a new sensible principles can help keep the flame burning.（良好的教育，热情的移民政策和友善的商业环境将最有助于实现这一目标。但是新
118、的明智原则可以帮助保持火焰燃烧。）可知，故全文主要讲创新的原则，应该怎么激发创新，故选A项。Section CDirections: After reading the passage below, choose the best answers from the six statements according to what you have just mid.Chinas Entering a New Era of AlThey have beaten us at chess and co-written a Europop album with human beings. Now co
119、mputers are taking a step into a very human territory: the reading comprehension test, a headache of schoolchildren everywhere. Alibaba on Monday said its artificial outperformed mortals （凡人）in a global reading comprehension.Luo Si, chef scientist of natural language processing at Alibabas research
120、department, the Institute of Data Science of Technologies, called the machines victory “a milestone”._47_Some of these uses are already being handled by chatbots globally.In the test administered last week, companies subjected their artificial intelligence systems to questions from the Stanford Ques
121、tion Answering Dataset, which assessed reading comprehension. _48_In top place wereMicrosoft, the US software giant, and Alibaba, the Chinese tech group that began with e-commerce and is - like its peers at home and abroad investing more funds into Al._49_Baidu made an early bet on Al. and is leadin
122、g its rivals in autonomous driving, some of which was on show at Customer Electronics Show in Las Vegas. Tencent, which boasts of I billion monthly active users on its social media WeChat app, and Alibaba have adopted Al in operations such as customizing news and ads, and are investing in new fields
123、.China aims to make use of its vast treasures of data, collected from its 1.4 billion population including 730 million who are online, and deep pockets to overtake the US in creating a SI50 billion industry that is seen as the next industrial revolution. Excitedly, Al is already being applied in man
124、y fields from driverless cars to text analysis. _50_The most asked ones include Wheres my package? , especially on Alibabas Single Day shopping festival.A. Though China s drive is led by government, it is cultivating homegrown tech giants to leap ahead of the US.B. Private investment in the Al secto
125、r has been expanding 62 percent a year on average for the past four years.C. The technology has many applications, from customer service to museum tutorials to medical inquiries.D. The computers answers to the questions were compared against average human responses and ranked.E. For example, this te
126、chnology has already been used to answer general questions on e-commerce platforms.F. Like all utilities, Al will be boring, even as it transforms the Internet, the global economy, and civilization.【答案】47. C 48. D 49. A 50. E【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章通过介绍机器人下棋打败了人介绍了人工智能。在人工智能方面位居榜首的是美国软件巨头微软，以及中国科技集团阿里巴巴。阿里
127、巴巴以电子商务起家，并与国内外同行一样，向Al投资了更多资金。百度很早就押注于人工智能，目前在自动驾驶领域领先于竞争对手。人工智能被视为下一场工业革命，已经被应用于从无人驾驶汽车到文本分析的许多领域。【47题详解】上文“Luo Si, chef scientist of natural language processing at Alibabas research department, the Institute of Data Science of Technologies, called the machines victory “a milestone”.（阿里巴巴数据科学技术研究所
128、自然语言处理首席科学家罗丝称，机器的胜利是“一个里程碑”。）”说明了机器的胜利是一个里程碑的技术，空格处承上启下，下文“Some of these uses are already being handled by chatbots globally.(全球范围内的聊天机器人已经在处理其中一些应用。)”说明这项技术有很多应用，C项前半句的“The technology”与上文一致，has many applications与下文一致，故选C。【48题详解】上文“In the test administered last week, companies subjected their artif
129、icial intelligence systems to questions from the Stanford Question Answering Dataset, which assessed reading comprehension.（在上周进行的测试中，各公司让它们的人工智能系统接受斯坦福问答数据集的问题，该数据集评估阅读理解能力。）”说明了各公司的人工智能系统接受了斯坦福问答数据集的问题，空格处承上启下，下文“In top place were Microsoft, the US software giant, and Alibaba, the Chinese tech gro
130、up that began with e-commerce and is - like its peers at home and abroad investing more funds into Al.（位居榜首的是美国软件巨头微软，以及中国科技集团阿里巴巴。阿里巴巴以电子商务起家，并与国内外同行一样，向人工智能投资了更多资金。）”说明了计算机的答案被与普通人的答复进行比较，然后据此排名。D项前半句的“The computers answers to the questions”与上文一致，“ were compared against average human responses and
131、 ranked”与下文一致，故选D。【49题详解】上文“In top place were Microsoft, the US software giant,(位居榜首的是美国软件巨头微软)”说明了美国微软公司位居榜首，A项中“Though”说明与下文的转折关系，来说明中国也正在人工智能这方面正在努力，下文“Baidu made an early bet on Al. and is leading its rivals in autonomous driving, some of which was on show at Customer Electronics Show in Las Veg
132、as. Tencent, which boasts of I billion monthly active users on its social media WeChat app, and Alibaba have adopted Al in operations such as customizing news and ads, and are investing in new fields.（百度很早就押注于Al，目前在自动驾驶领域领先于竞争对手，其中一些产品在拉斯维加斯的客户电子产品展上展出。腾讯在其社交媒体应用微信上拥有10亿月度活跃用户，阿里巴巴在定制新闻和广告等业务中采用了人工智
133、能，并在新领域进行投资。）”说明了尽管中国的努力是由政府带领的，它也在培育本土科技巨头，包括百度(Baidu)、阿里巴巴和腾讯(Tencent)，以求超越美国。故选A。【50题详解】上文“ Excitedly, Al is already being applied in many fields from driverless cars to text analysis.（令人兴奋的是，人工智能已经被应用于从无人驾驶汽车到文本分析的许多领域。）”说明了人工智能已被应用到诸多领域，空格处承上启下，下文“The most asked ones include Wheres my package?
134、, especially on Alibabas Single Day shopping festival.（最常被问到的问题包括“我的包裹在哪里?”尤其是在阿里巴巴的“光棍节”。）”说明所问问题的具体内容，E项既举例说明了所应用的领域，又为下文所问问题的具体内容做了铺垫。故选E。Summary Writing51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own
135、words as far as possible.What You Will Need to Live to 100A new approach to retirement preparation known as “longevity planning” has been on the rise for years, with the global population of centenarians (B1岁老人)steadily growing. In about 40 years, the number of people 100 and older will be six times
136、 as high as it is now. What, as you may wonder, enhances longevity? While a previous study underlined the link between longevity and higher education, having a degree doesnt necessarily guarantee you a longer lief. Actually, the growth in the 100-plus age group are more likely to result from a combi
137、nation of improved lifestyle factors.Genetic, as new research has revealed, is a force that cannot go ignored. Dr. Peris of medicine and geriatrics at Boston University points out that longevity is not distributed equally. Being blessed with the certain genetic component that extend your life span i
138、s like winning the lottery. Only one in 5000 is lucky enough to possess the magical power that help make it to the century mark. Rare as it may appear, the genetic component is a factor in 40 percent to 50 percent of people who make it to 100 and 70 percent for those reaching 106.Deliberate mental,
139、social and physical activities during retirement also matter. That means continuing to learn new things, staying involved in the community and working to some degree. Activity is critically important, said Mitch Anthony, a consultant in Rochester, who trains financial planners in life planning. Peop
140、le tend to do best when they remain socially and mentally vibrant.The research continues to uncover that despite their struggle to identity how they improve longevity, most of the researchers agree that purpose and meaning throughout life provide people with better chances to live longer. These fact
141、ors may offer a mental and possibly physical shelter from stressful events in life. Having purpose in life may motivate refraining stressful situations to deal with them more productively, thereby facilitating recovery from stress and disorder._【答案】Version 1Besides genetic, a significant yet uncontr
142、ollable contributor, lifestyle factors also improve longevity. First, retirees active participation in activities prolongs their lives as they benefit socially and mentally. Meanwhile, people who live a meaningful and purposeful life also live longer because they usually recover more quickly from st
143、ress and disorder. (49) Version 2 There are a few factors that may improve ones longevity. First, genetic is a significant yet uncontrollable contributor. Then retirees active participation in activities also prolongs their lives as they benefit socially and mentally. Meanwhile, people who live a me
144、aningful and purposeful life also live longer because they usually recover more quickly from stress and disorder. (56)【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，长寿一方面是基因的原因，另一方面生活方式也能延长寿命。要有社交，人生的目的和意义也起很大作用。【详解】1 要点摘录Actually, the growth in the 100-plus age group are more likely to result from a combination of improve
145、d lifestyle factors.Genetic, as new research has revealed, is a force that cannot go ignored. Deliberate mental, social and physical activities during retirement also matter. That means continuing to learn new things, staying involved in the community and working to some degree. People tend to do be
146、st when they remain socially and mentally vibrant.most of the researchers agree that purpose and meaning throughout life provide people with better chances to live longer. These factors may offer a mental and possibly physical shelter from stressful events in life. 2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3、4、5、6三个要点进
147、行整合。3.遣词造句There are a few factors that may improve ones longevity. First, genetic is a significant yet uncontrollable contributor. Then retirees active participation in activities also prolongs their lives as they benefit socially and mentally. Meanwhile, people who live a meaningful and purposeful
148、life also live longer because they usually recover more quickly from stress and disorder.【点睛】高分句型1: There are a few factors that may improve ones longevity.这句话运用了关系代词that引导的定语从句,总结了第一段最后两句内容。高分句型2：Meanwhile, people who live a meaningful and purposeful life also live longer because they usually recov
149、er more quickly from stress and disorder.这句话运用了关系代词who引导的定语从句，总结了文章最后一段内容。TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.52. 运动的人不大可能有睡眠障碍。(likely) (汉译英）【答案】People who exercise are less likely to have sleep disturbances.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句
150、和固定短语。此处为who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词people，从句中表示“爱运动”可用动词exercise，作谓语；主句中表示“不太可能”短语为be less likely to do sth.；表示“睡眠障碍”短语为sleep disturbances。结合语境，应用一般现在时。故翻译为People who exercise are less likely to have sleep disturbances.53. 这位外科医生还没来得及好好休息就立即投入到下一场手术中。(before) (汉译英）【答案】 The surgeon immediately devoted himself
151、to the next operation before he could take a good rest.【解析】【详解】考查短语、时态和状语从句。devote oneself to 致力于， 投身于；take a rest休息。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。before还没来得及就，引导时间状语从句。根据句意，故翻译为The surgeon immediately devoted himself to the next operation before he could take a good rest.54. 这个时期的文学作品反映出我国人民在面临民族危机时不屈不挠的情神.(mirror
152、) (汉译英）【答案】The literary works of this period mirror the indomitable spirit of our people in the face of the national crisis.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词、短语和时态。分析可知，本句为简单的主谓宾结构，且为一般现在时；主语“这个时期的文学作品”表达为the literary works of this period；谓语动词“反映”表达为mirror，主语works是复数，故谓语动词用原形；宾语“我国人民不屈不挠的情神”表达为 the indomitable spiri
153、t of our people；状语“在面临民族危机时”表达为in the face of the national crisis。故翻译为：The literary works of this period mirror the indomitable spirit of our people in the face of the national crisis.【点睛】55. 那位作家把书房看作是私人领域和精神家园，在那里，他可以坐拥书籍之乐，将尘世烦恼抛诸脑后。(leave) (汉译英）【答案】The writer regards his study as his private ter
154、ritory and spiritual home, where he can enjoy the company of the books, leaving behind worries of everyday life. 【解析】【详解】考查名词、动词和短语。句意：那位作家把书房看作是私人领域和精神家园，在那里，他可以坐拥书籍之乐，将尘世烦恼抛诸脑后。“把当作”regardas，“私人的”private，“领域，领土”territory，“精神的”spiritual。私人领域和精神家园可翻译为private territory and spiritual home。坐拥书籍的快乐，可理解为
155、享受书籍的陪伴的快乐，enjoy sth，“的陪伴”the company of sb/sth。“丢弃，抛掉”leave behind。由句子结构可知，时态是一般现在时，主句翻译The writer regards his study as his private territory and spiritual home。“在那里”，用where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词his study，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导该从句，所以是where he can enjoy the company of the books。后半句用现在分词作伴随状语，“在那抛却了烦恼”，
156、可翻译为leaving behind worries of everyday life。故可翻译为The writer regards his study as his private territory and spiritual home, where he can enjoy the company of the books, leaving behind worries of everyday life。VI. Guided Writing56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to
157、 the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学的李华,你的好友王磊为了考人理想的大学，每天挑灯夜战，分秒必争，不仅忽视了体育锻炼，甚至连三餐也随意敷衍，请你给他写一封电子邮件,表达你的担忧,提出合理建议并说明理由。_【答案】Dear Wang Lei,How is everything going? I heard you were busy studying every minute and neglecting rest. Not only do you neglect exercise, but also you even skip m
158、eals. Im worried about you.As far as Im concerned， our students should learn to combine study and play which helps us go further. Firstly, you should spend time taking some exercise to strengthen your muscles. Theres a saying that all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. From my point of view, th
159、e “dull” are both in physics and spirit. Secondly, you d better go to bed earlier and get up earlier. Without a good rest, no people can pay all his attention to work or study and do it well. Thirdly, we should eat healthy food. In a word, we should on one hand study hard, and on the other hand, pay
160、 attention to our health.I hope you can take my advice to balance study and rest.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求给好友王磊写封邮件，表达你的担忧，同时提出合理建议并说明理由【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 表达担忧；2. 提出建议；3. 说明理由。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）be busy doing; not only but also; be w
161、orried about; as far as concerned; spenddoing ; from ones point of view; both and; pay attention to; in a word; on one hand on the other hand;take ones advice .第三步：连词成句1. I heard you were busy studying every minute and neglecting rest. 2. Not only do you neglect exercise, but also you even skip meal
162、s.3. Im worried about you.4. As far as Im concerned， our students should learn to combine study and play which helps us go further. 5. You should spend time taking some exercise to strengthen your muscles. 6. From my point of view, the “dull” are both in physics and spirit.7. Without a good rest, no
163、 people can pay all his attention to work or study and do it well. 8. In a word, we should on one hand study hard, and on the other hand, pay attention to our health.9. I hope you can take my advice to balance study and rest.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）表文章结构顺序：Firstly, Secondly/SecondIn a word, 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，【点睛】高分句型1 Not only do you neglect exercise, but also you even skip meals.此句是not only but also连接的并列句，且运用了部分倒装的结构。高分句型2 Theres a saying that all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.此句运用谚语（只工作不玩耍，聪明的孩子也变傻。）让文章更有文采，同时更有说服力。