1、上海市复旦附中2020-2021学年高一英语上学期期末试题（含解析）（考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分）I. Listening Comprehension (25分)Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions wil
2、l be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. The mans. B. The womans.C. Karens. D. The woman and Karens.2. A. The TV needs cleaning. B. He has
3、nt watched it.C. The TV is broken due to dust. D. He will watch it right now.3. A. At an ATM machine. B. At a bank.C. At a registration desk. D. At an accounting office.4. A. He wants to say something to the woman. B. He wants to catch up with the woman in a rush.C. He wants to offer the woman a lif
4、t. D. He wants the woman to drive the car.5. A. He made United States foreign policy. B. His schedule today is very full.C. He is a very popular professor. D. He is going to appear in the debate.6. A. At 11:00 a.m. B. At 10:30 a.m.C. At 10:00 a.m. D. At 8:00 a.m.7. A. The assignment is very unfair.
5、B. The time given is too short.C. The papers is an easy task. D. Upsetting the professor is unwise.8. A. Mr. and Mrs. White are in New York now.B. Mr. and Mrs. White already have plans for celebration.C. Mr. and Mrs. White have been married for a week.D. It takes a week to book a room at the best ho
6、tel.9. A. She is looking for a room.B. She is reading a newspaper.C. She is showing the man the room.D. She is having lunch.10. A. To seek for help to solve her sleeping problems.B. To complain to the man about her sleeping problems.C. To make sure that she doesnt have the problem again.D. To discus
7、s her sleeping problems with the man.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be sp
8、oken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A theft that occurred in a department store.B. The misunderstanding be
9、tween Mrs. White and the store.C. A conflict between a store manager and Mrs. White.D. Mrs. Whites legal claim against a department store.12. A. The store manager wanted to search Mrs. Whites bag.B. Mrs. White was shut in a small room.C. Mrs. White was searched in vain.D. The department store refuse
10、d to apologize.13. A. There is no legal result yet.B. The department store admitted making a mistake.C. The bookstore manager followed Mrs. White and stopped her.D. The manager knew Mrs. White and saw her stealing a card.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Culture. B. D
11、ecoration.C. Ideas. D. Function.15. A. Make their homes cultural. B. Make their homes attractive.C. Make their homes safe. D. Make their homes expressive.16. A. Because a good mask can make a strong anti-war statement.B. Because a good mask has the magical power to keep the house safe.C. Because he
12、cannot separate the mask from everyday existing objects.D. Because in his tribal culture a good mask is considered to have this function.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Because the contestants were not at all honest.B. Because she didnt enjoy listening to most
13、of the speeches.C. Because she thought Samantha should have been the winner.D. Because she couldnt accept the judges who were not qualified.18. A. Pronunciation. B. Delivery.C. Voice. D. Meaning.19. A. His speech was very important. B. His emotions were very meaningful.C. He told the story with a lo
14、t of passion. D. His speech was infected by the moving story.20. A. She delivered her speech in a good manner. B. She pronounced every word correctly.C. She spoke in a very steady voice. D. She had received training as an announcer.II. Grammar and Vocabulary (35分)Section A Directions: Beneath each o
15、f the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D, choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.1. Atlantic City, which is the hot favourite to _ the boxing competition, is being flooded with crazy fans from all over the world.A. conserveB. replicateC. stageD. approach【
16、答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：大西洋城是最受欢迎的拳击比赛举办地，全世界的狂热粉丝蜂拥而至。A. conserve保存；B. replicate复制；C. stage上演、举办；D. approach靠近。根据句意可知，此处表达“大西洋城是最受欢迎的拳击举办地”，stage做动词时表示“上演、举办”。故此题选C。2. The scientist and volunteers are working together to save a species of birds from _ by replicating its natural habit.A. contactB. i
17、nfectionC. alternativeD. extinction【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家和志愿者们正在共同努力，通过复制一种鸟类的自然习性来拯救它，使其免于灭绝。A. contact联系；B. infection感染；C. alternative供替代的选择；D. extinction灭绝。根据句意以及前文“to save a species of birds”可知，此处from extinction指“免于灭绝”。故选D项。3. My grandparents _ to live in the countryside rather than mo
18、ve to the town, because air and food there are fresh.A. preferB. hesitateC. happenD. threaten【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我的祖父母更喜欢住在农村而不是搬到城市，因为那里的空气和食物都很新鲜。A. prefer更喜欢；B. hesitate犹豫；C. happen发生；D. threaten恐吓。由语意可知，农村空气和食物都很新鲜，我的祖父母应是更喜欢住在农村而不是城市。prefer to do sth.更喜欢、宁愿做某事。故选A项。4. Even though some people
19、 are in favor of zoos, the opponents dont support the _ where the caged animals are bored and depressed due to the frequent contact with human visitors.A. establishmentsB. similaritiesC. exhibitionsD. occasions【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管有些人支持动物园，但反对者并不支持那些由于经常与人类游客接触而使笼中动物感到无聊和沮丧的场所。A. establish
20、ments设施，机构，企业；B. similarities类似处；C. exhibitions展览；D. occasions场合，时机。根据前文the zoo以及后文where引导的定语从句可知，此处指的是像动物园这样的机构场所。故选A项。5. It was many years before the king was _ that it was the moth poo that played a key role in keeping a balanced and healthy nature in the gardens.A. contentB. awareC. uniqueD. moo
21、dy【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查形容词义辨析。句意：许多年后，国王才意识到蛾粪在保持花园平衡和健康的自然环境中起着关键作用。A. content满意的；B. aware意识到的；C. unique唯一的；D. moody不高兴的。根据 played a key role可知，此处表示国王意识到了蛾粪的关键作用。故选B。6. Standing at the top of the rock, one can see the _ of the whole island and enjoy the sky and the sea meeting on the horizon.A. contentme
22、ntB. representativeC. delicatenessD. landscape【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：站在岩石的顶端，可以看到整个岛屿的景观，欣赏天空和大海在地平线上相交。A. contentment 满足；B. representative 代表；C. delicateness 精美；D. landscape 风景，地貌。由语意可知，站在岩石的顶端，应是可以看到整个岛屿的风景（地貌）。故选D项。7. Theimprovementofthecourseandteachingat a normal university should _ students ab
23、ility of teaching,vocationandlinguisticcompetence.A. center aroundB. refer toC. serve asD. prepare for【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：高师课程和教学的提高应围绕学生的教学能力、职业能力和语言能力展开。A. center around以为中心；B. refer to涉及，参考；C. serve as充当，担任；D. prepare for为准备。此处指以“学生的教学能力、职业能力和语言能力”为中心。故选A。8. Self-objectification may be a
24、 bigger problem for men, _ the time and effort to edit and improve their selfies, before posting them online.A. many takenB. with many takingC. many tookD. with much taken【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查独立柱格结构。句意：对男性来说，自我客观化可能是一个更大的问题，因为很多男性在上传自拍照之前，会花时间和精力来编辑和改进自拍照。根据句意以及分析句子可知，设空后为“with+宾语+宾补”结构；many在句中为代词，指代前文的复数
25、名词（men），意为“很多男性”，take与many是逻辑上的主谓关系，应使用现在分词做宾补，表主动。故选B项。9. Burning with an ambition he had nursed _ his own orchestra, the young man never came to terms with his disability.A. to leadB. having ledC. will leadD. would have led【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查不定式。句意：这个年轻人满怀着自己领导自己的管弦乐队的雄心壮志，他从未向自己的残疾妥协。分析句子可知，本句为动词不定式作
26、后置定语，故选A。10. _ oil is an irreplaceable natural resource, we must do whatever we can in order to conserve it before we find alternative energy sources.A. Considering thatB. Even thoughC. Provided thatD. Suppose that【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：考虑到石油是一种不可替代的自然资源，在我们找到替代能源之前，我们必须尽我们所能来保护它。分析句意可知，本句为Conside
27、ring that“考虑到”引导的原因状语从句。故选A项。11. He wont want to eat it unless hes really hungry, _ hell eat almost anything.A. in which caseB. in that caseC. in the caseD. in case【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：除非他真的饿了，否则他不会吃的，在这种情况下，他几乎什么都吃。分析句子可知，_ hell eat almost anything为非限制性定语从句，后半句应该是在某种情况下，他几乎什么都吃，in.case，而非限制性定语从句中
28、的这种情况指代的是前面的hes really hungry，指代前面的一句话，应该用which，故选A。12. The pulse signal picked up by Chinese patrol ship has not been confirmed as _ to the passengers onboard the missing flight MH370.A. to be relatingB. been relatedC. relatingD. related【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国巡逻舰接收到的脉冲信号尚未被证实与失联航班MH370上的乘客有关。分析句
29、子可知，主语为The pulse signal picked up by Chinese patrol ship，谓语为has not been confirmed as ，此处要用非谓语动词，由relate与主语The pulse signal是逻辑动宾关系，因此要用过去分词形式作状语。故选D项。13. It must be the reason _ Mike refused to say more about it for at the meeting_ aroused the suspicion of the detective.A. whichthatB. whythatC. whic
30、hwhichD. thatwhich【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句和强调句。句意：一定是迈克在会上拒绝多谈这件事的原因引起了侦探的怀疑。第一个空分析句子可知，Mike refused to say more about it for at the meeting是一个定语从句，先行词为 the reason，定语从句中for缺少宾语，因此引导词用which；第二个空由It must be the reason可知此处是强调句，被强调部分是the reason，因此要用连接词that。故选A项。14. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in the
31、 new area of the metropolis for the money-making jobs they _ before leaving their hometowns.A. promisedB. were promisedC. have promisedD. have been promised【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：每年都有大量的农民来到大都市的新地区，从事他们在离开家乡之前就答应给他们的赚钱工作。分析句子结构，they_是省略了that/which的限制性定语从句，先行词是jobs，在定语从句作宾语。从句可还原为：they have be
32、en promised the money-making jobs.使用现在完成时是因为promise的动作对现在产生了影响（大量的农民来到了大都市的新地区）。故选D。15. There is no _ that the earlier we are prepared, the better chances we will have.A. denyingB. to denyC. being deniedD. to be denied【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：不可否认，我们准备得越早，机会就会越好。固定句式There is no denying that.“不可否认的是”，den
33、ying是名词，that引导的是同位语从句。故选A项。16. It is generally believed that teaching is _ it is a science. So teaching is no easy job.A. an art much asB. much an art asC. as an art much asD. as much an art as【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查固定用法。句意：人们普遍认为教学既是一门科学，也是一门艺术。所以教书不是件容易的事。在同级比较asas结构中，如果as后面的形容词作定语且其所修饰的名词前有不定冠词时，该冠词要置于形容
34、词之后。即形成“as+形容词+a/an+名词+as”结构。故选D项。17. The prize will go to _ of them writes the best composition in a figurative language.A. oneB. anyoneC. whoeverD. whichever【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：他们中谁用比喻语言写出的作文最好，谁就得这个奖。A.one一个人或事物；B.anyone任何人；C.whoever无论是谁；D.whichever无论哪个。根据谓语动词 will go to可知of them writes th
35、e best composition in a figurative language是一个宾语从句，缺少了主语，表示无论是他们中的哪一个，因此要用连接词whichever。故选D项。18. You, who _ always ready to offer him your assistance at any critical moment, are a true friend indeed.A. isB. areC. wasD. were【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：你在任何关键时刻都愿意帮助他，你才是真正的朋友。分析句子可知，“who _ always ready t
36、o offer him your assistance at any critical moment”为非限制性定语从句，who为引导词，指代先行词You，在从句中做主语，故从句谓语动词应同先行词保持一致，主句用一般现在时，从句也应用一般现在时，主语是复数，故用are，故选B。19. The traffic problems we are looking forward to seeing _ should have attracted the governments attention.A. solvedB. solvingC. to solveD. being solved【答案】A【解析
37、】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词作补语。句意：我们期待解决的交通问题本应该引起政府的重视。本句中定语从句we are looking forward to seeing修饰先行词the traffic problem，关系代词that/which（此处已省略）指代先行词作为动词see的宾语，与solve构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词solved做宾语补足语，即构成see sth. done的结构，综上应选A。20. Palace officials announced Monday that Prince Harry is engaged to Meghan Markle, _ months
38、of rumors that the couple was close to _ the knot.A. confirming. tyingB. confirmed. tieC confirming.tieD. to confirm.tying【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词辨析。句意：皇室官员周一宣布，Harry王子与Meghan Markle订婚，证实了几个月来关于哈里王子即将结婚的传闻。分析句子及语意可知，第一个设空处应是现在分词作结果状语，第二个设空处是动名词作介词to的宾语。confirm的现在分词形式为confirming，tie的动名词形式为tying。故选A项。21.
39、Not until _ the bottom of the ocean _ the discovery of the traces of the unidentifiedalien-like creatures.A. did the scientists reach they believedB. the scientists reached .did they believeC. did the scientist reachdid they believeD. the scientists reached they believed【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：直到
40、科学家们到达海底，他们才相信发现了不明身份者的痕迹。此处是notuntil引导的时间状语从句的部分倒装。Not until位于句子开头，从句用陈述语序，主句用部分倒装，谓语为believe，需借助于助动词did。B项符合句意，故选B。22. As we have mentioned previously, we will be dedicated to _ the dispute within the current framework, rather than _ a new one.A. settle.establishB. settling.establishC. settle.to e
41、stablishD. settling.establishing【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：正如我们前面提到的，我们将致力于在目前的框架内解决争端，而不是建立一个新的框架。固定短语be dedicated to“致力于”，to是介词，后接动名词；第二个空由rather than可知是与第一个空结构一致，因此也用动名词。故选D项。23. According to the report, people in the _ areas are rebuilding their homes and many roads _ to the areas have been repaired.
42、A. floodedleadB. floodingleadingC. floodedleadingD. floodingto lead【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，受灾地区的人们正在重建家园，许多通往受灾地区的道路已经修复。分析可知，第一个空处的词用来修饰名词areas作定语，和名词之间为被动关系，应用过去分词；第二个空处的词用来修饰名词roads作定语，和名词之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故选C。24. Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as sh
43、ort-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, _ reduce unemployment pressures.A. helpB. to have helpedC. to helpD. having helped【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：今年，中国各地的学校预计将雇佣5万名大学毕业生担任短期教师，这一数字几乎是去年的三倍，以帮助缓解失业压力。本句为动词不定式作目的状语。故选C项。25. _, there seemed little hope that the adventurer
44、would find his way through the vast rainforest.A. Confused by the mapB. As he had been confused by the mapC. Having been confused by the mapD. He had been confused by the map【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查连词。句意：由于这张地图把他弄糊涂了，这位冒险家找到穿越这片广袤雨林的路的希望似乎不大。分析句子结构可知，第二句和第一句的主语不一致，所以前一句不能使用非谓语动词，两句之间存在因果关系，需要用连词as连接，故选B项。Sec
45、tion BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. opportunity B. invented C. marking D. exposed E. celebrated F. typically G. responsibility H. valuing I. represents J. assigned K. particula
46、rlyCelebrating Kwanzaa(宽扎节)This past summer, I left home without my family for the first time to go to Ghana for two weeks in The Year of Return. The Year of Return is a year _26_ 400 years since enslaved Africans touched down on American soil.I joined Pittsburgh Public Schools African American Cent
47、er for advanced Studies Executive committee and was fully _27_ to the tradition of Kwanzaa. Much like a harvest festival, the holiday was _28_ by the African-American professor Maulana Karenga with the purpose of celebrating, _29_ and unifying the black community in the aftermath(余波) of the1965 Watt
48、s riots. It is _30_ in the week of Dec 26 to Jan 1.During the festival, we begin by reading up on the holiday, going through the seven principles _31_ to the seven days of Kwanzaa. We then end the ceremony by pouring libation(祭酒) to those who have paved our way. During libation, we stand with our ha
49、nds joined and our respects given. For the first time, the whole becomes one.On each day of Kwanzaa, we light one of the seven candles. The candles come in three colors: black, red and green. We start with one black candle for the people. There are three red candles for their struggle and three gree
50、n candles for their future. Each candle also _32_ one of seven Swahili principles: Umoja, the first candle, stands for unity; Kujichagulia, self-determination; Ujima, collective work and _33_; Ujamaa, cooperative economics; Nia, purpose; Kummba, creativity; and Imani, faith. After lighting each cand
51、le, we showcase our talents, whether they are spoken word, poetry, music, dance or performing a monologue.Over the seven nights of Kwanzaa, people _34_ tell stories. On the last night of Kwanzaa, following the candle-lighting, families give gifts to children and prepare a feast, ending the holiday a
52、s you begin a new year together.For two continuous years, Ive chosen Ujamaa as my principle of the day. Its the principle of cooperative economics, and to me it means investing in and supporting black-owned businesses. My main reason for choosing Ujamaa is that it is also the name of the store in th
53、e Hill District that gave me the _35_ to visit Ghana.【答案】26. C 27. D 28. B 29. H 30. E 31. J 32. I 33. G 34. F 35. A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述如何庆祝宽扎节以及宽扎节的来历和习俗等。【26题详解】考查现在分词。句意：回归之年标志着被奴役的非洲人踏上美国土地400周年。分析句子可知，设空处用来修饰名词year作定语，和名词之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，根据句意，应用marking，意为“标志”。故选C。【27题详解】考查过去分词。句意：我加入了匹兹堡公立学校(Pitts
54、burgh Public School)的非裔美国人高级研究中心(African American Center for advanced Studies)执行委员会，充分接触到了宽扎节的传统。分析句子可知，设空处为谓语的一部分，可知为被动语态，应用过去分词，根据句意，可知为exposed，意为“使接触”，be exposed to “接触”。故选D。【28题详解】考查过去分词。 句意：这个节日和丰收节很像，是由非裔美国人毛拉卡林加(Maulana Karenga)教授发明的，目的是在1965年瓦茨骚乱之后，庆祝、重视和团结黑人社区。分析句子可知， 设空处为谓语的一部分，可知为被动语态， 应用
55、过去分词，根据句意，可知为invented，意为“发明”。故选B。【29题详解】考查动名词。 句意：同上。分析句子可知， 设空处同celebrating和 unifying共同作介词of的宾语，应用动名词，根据句意可知为valuing，意为“重视”，故选H。【30题详解】考查过去分词。 句意：它在12月26日到1月1日的那一周庆祝。分析句子可知，设空处为谓语的一部分，可知为被动语态，应用过去分词，根据句意，可知为celebrated，意为“庆祝”。故选E。【31题详解】考查过去分词。 句意：在节日期间，我们首先阅读节日相关内容，学习宽扎节七天的七条原则。分析句子可知，设空处修饰名词princi
56、ples作定语，和名词之间为被动结构，应用过去分词，根据句意，可知为assigned，意为“分配”。故选J。【32题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。 句意：每根蜡烛也代表斯瓦希里七项原则中的一项。分析句子可知，设空处为谓语，描述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语也要用第三人称单数，根据句意可知为represents，意为“代表”，故选I。【33题详解】考查名词。句意：第一根蜡烛 “ummoja”代表团结；Kujichaguli，自决；Ujima，集体工作与责任；Ujamaa，合作经济学；Nia，目的； Kummba，创造力；和Imani，信仰。分析句子可知设空处同collective work
57、共同作stands for的宾语，应用名词，根据句意可知为responsibility，意为“责任”，故选G。【34题详解】考查副词。句意：在宽扎节的七个晚上，人们通常会讲故事。分析句子可知，设空处修饰tell stories作状语，应用副词，根据句意可知为typically，意为“通常，典型地”，故选F。【35题详解】考查副词。句意：我选择Ujamaa的主要原因是，它也是让我有机会访问加纳的希尔区商店的名称。分析句子可知，设空处为动词give的宾语，应用名词，根据句意可知为opportunity，意为“机会”，故选A。III. Reading Comprehension (45分)Secti
58、on ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Marmoset monkeys exist on a branch of the evolutionary tree that is distinct from the one that led to humans. But they c
59、onstantly _36_ researchers withsocialbehavior that seems pretty highly evolved. Their social organization and_37_practices could have been the model for the phrase “It takes a village.” A dominant male and female breed, and their babies are carefully looked after by _38_ family members who then aren
60、t free to breed themselves.A new study further_39_the marmosets reputation for admirable community values. Researchers report that these caregivers share their food more generously with little ones_40_than when theyre surrounded by the watchful eyes of other community members. In complex societies w
61、here individuals band together for mutualprotection, researchers have come up with a few widely accepted explanations for _41_ behavior. But specific acts, like sharing a delicious cricket (蟋蟀) with a begging baby marmoset, seem to need more specificexplanation.One possibility is that an individual
62、practices_42_ as a means of enhancing his status among peers. Bypresentingthat he is so well gifted with material goods that he can give some away, this do-gooder enhances his power within the group. That, in turn, may_43_prospective mates.The other explanation for charitable behavior_44_that kindne
63、sses extended to others are simply the fees of group membership, which offers some future promise of a chance to mate._45_ to share would result in exclusion from the group and a loss ofpotentialpartners. Scientists call this the “pay to stay” model. Importantly, for both of these models to work, ac
64、ts of kindness must have a(n) _46_. That suggests you would see more sharing in group settings; away from judging eyes, a caregiver might be more likely to keep food for himself or herself. And yet, in 2,581 tests conducted with 31 adult and 14 baby marmosets, the_47_ appeared to be true.Anthropolog
65、ists (人类学家) from the University of Zurich carefully documented how often, in groups and in conditions that found caregiver and baby separated from the crowd, an adult would share his or her cricket. When alone with a baby _48_ for a taste, adult marmosets shared their cricket 85% of the time. When i
66、n a group, caregivers offered up their cricket 67% of the time.” Our results show that helping in common marmosets is not driven by_49_management orpunishmentavoidance, “the study authors reported. Rather, it is driven by a deep-down _50_ to help that is morestrongly expressed when individuals are a
67、lone with young.”36. A. comfortB. astonishC. alarmD. convince37. A. evolvingB. communicatingC. organizingD. parenting38. A. extendedB. extensiveC. exclusiveD. enlarged39. A. shinesB. damagesC. affectsD. protests40. A. at playB. in privateC. on scheduleD. by accident41. A. selfishB. reluctantC. selfl
68、essD. negative42. A. generosityB. wisdomC. independenceD. governance43. A. count onB. go afterC. appeal toD. benefit from44. A. confirmsB. ensuresC. complainsD. assumes45. A. EffortB. TemptationC. FailureD. Promise46. A. atmosphereB. audienceC. feedbackD. judge47. A. statisticsB. expectationC. resul
69、tD. opposite48. A. stretchingB. fightingC. beggingD. striving49. A. prizeB. fortuneC. awardD. reputation50. A. motivationB. considerationC. invitationD. creation【答案】36. B 37. D 38. A 39. A 40. B 41. C 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. C 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. D 50. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了科学家通过研究表明狨猴能跟其他小的狨猴分享食物的原因，科
70、学家提出了几种假设，并对其进行研究分析。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但它们的社会行为似乎是高度进化的，这经常让研究人员感到惊讶。A. comfort安慰，宽慰；B. astonish使惊讶；C. alarm报警，使惊恐；D. convince使信服。根据上文“Marmoset monkeys exist on a branch of the evolutionary tree that is distinct from the one that led to humans.”和but可知，此处表示他们地行为似乎是高度进化地这件事让研究人员感到惊讶。故选B。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨
71、析。句意：他们的社会组织和教育实践可以成为“举全村之力”这句话的典范。A. evolving进化；B. communicating交流；C. organizing组织；D. parenting养育。根据下文“their babies are carefully looked after by _3_ family members”可知，此处指教养孩子的行为。故选D。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一种占主导地位的雄性和雌性繁殖，它们的孩子由大家庭成员精心照顾，而这些成员无法自由繁殖。A. extended延长了的，扩展了的；B. extensive广阔的，广泛的；C. exclus
72、ive独有的，排外的；D. enlarged放大的，增大的。根据“who then arent free to breed themselves.”可知，此处指孩子由没有繁殖能力的家庭成员抚养。故选A。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一项新的研究进一步彰显了绒猴在令人钦佩的社区价值观方面的声誉。A. shines发光，使突出；B. damages损害，伤害；C. affects影响；D. protests抗议。根据“further”和“the marmosets reputation for admirable community values”可知，这个新的研究进一步突出了绒猴在令人钦
73、佩的社区价值观方面的声誉。故选A。【40题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：研究人员报告说，这些照顾者私下里会更慷慨地与幼崽分享食物，而不是在其他社区成员的注视下。A. at play在玩耍，在游戏；B. in private私下地；C. on schedule准时；D. by accident偶然。根据“than when theyre surrounded by the watchful eyes of other community members.”可知，此处是与在其他社区成员的注视下进行对比，因此是指“私下里”。故选B。【41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在个人联合起来共同保护的复杂
74、社会中，研究人员对无私行为提出了一些广为接受的解释。A. selfish自私的；B. reluctant不情愿的；C. selfless无私的；D. negative消极的。根据上文“these caregivers share their food more generously”可知，此处表示研究人员认为他们的行为是无私的。故选C。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一种可能是，一个人通过慷慨来提高自己在同龄人中的地位。A. generosity慷慨，大方；B. wisdom智慧；C. independence独立；D. governance管理，统治。根据上文“these caregi
75、vers share their food more generously”可知，此处表示他们可能想通过这种慷慨的行为来提高自己的地位。故选A。【43题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：反过来，这可能会吸引未来的配偶。A. count on指望，依靠；B. go after追逐；C. appeal to吸引；D. benefit from从中受益。根据上文“Bypresentingthat he is so well gifted with material goods that he can give some away, this do-gooder enhances his power wi
76、thin the group.”可知，这样的行为会吸引未来的配偶。故选C。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对慈善行为的另一种解释肯定了，延伸给他人的善意只是团体成员的费用，这提供了一些未来交配机会的承诺。A. confirms证实；B. ensures确定，保证；C. complains抱怨；D. assures确保。根据“that kindnesses extended to others are simply the fees of group membership, which offers some future promise of a chance to mate.”可知，这
77、里表示是可以确定的另一种解释。故选D。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不分享将导致被排除在小组之外，并失去潜在的合作伙伴。A. Effort努力；B. Temptation诱惑；C. Failure失败；D. Promise承诺。根据“result in exclusion from the group and a loss ofpotentialpartners.”可知，不分享将会导致被小组成员排斥。故选C。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：重要的是，这两种模式要想起作用，善举必须有观众。A. atmosphere气氛，氛围；B. audience观众；C. feedback反馈；
78、D. judge判断，评判。根据下文“That suggests you would see more sharing in group settings; away from judging eyes, a caregiver might be more likely to keep food for himself or herself.”可知，此处表示这样的善举必须有观众。故选B。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在对31只成年狨猴和14只幼小狨猴进行的2581项测试中，情况似乎正好相反。A. statistics数据；B. expectation期待；C. result结果；
79、D. opposite反面。根据“And yet”可知，此处表示接下来要描述的内容刚好与上文相反。故选D。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当成年狨猴单独与求食的幼猴在一起时，85%的时间里它们会分享蟋蟀。A. stretching伸展，延申；B. fighting战斗；C. begging乞求；D. striving努力，奋斗。根据上文“like sharing a delicious cricket (蟋蟀) with a begging baby marmoset”可知，此处是信息词begging的词汇复现。故选C。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的研究结果表明，普通狨猴的
80、帮助行为不是出于声誉管理或逃避惩罚，“研究作者报告说，它是由一种深层次的动机驱动的，这种动机在它们单独与幼猴在一起时表现得更强烈。”A. prize奖品；B. fortune命运，运气；C. award奖励；D. reputation名声，名誉。根据上文“A new study further_4_the marmosets reputation for admirable community values.”可知，此处是信息词reputation的词汇复现。故选D。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的研究结果表明，普通狨猴的帮助行为不是出于声誉管理或逃避惩罚，“研究作者报告说，它是由
81、一种深层次的动机驱动的，这种动机在它们单独与幼猴在一起时表现得更强烈。”A. motivation动机；B. consideration仔细考虑，斟酌；C. invitation邀请；D. creation创造。根据“driven by a deep-down”可知，此处表示它是由一种深层次的动机驱动的。故选A。Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of the
82、m there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducte
83、d in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.The engineers at MIT have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of
84、plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when theyre short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. Were thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace function
85、s of the things that we use every day, explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow in experiments using some common vegetables. Stranos team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The lig
86、ht, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant le
87、aves in a one-off treatment that would last the plants lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off switch where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the p
88、ower source such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway - a lot of energy is lost during transmission. Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.51. The first paragraph is mainly about _.A. A new study of different plantsB. A big fall in
89、 crime ratesC. Employees from various workplacesD. Benefits from green plants52. The function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers is _.A. to detect plants lack of waterB. to change compositions of plantsC. to make the life of plants longerD. to test chemicals in plants53. What ca
90、n we expect of the glowing plants in the future?A. They will speed up energy production.B. They may transmit electricity to the home.C. They might help reduce energy consumption.D. They could take the place of power plants.54. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A.
91、 The more plants, the less crime in the city.B. The composition of plants will be changed to perform unusual functions.C. The vegetables are expected to be used to light the room in the future.D. The engineers will switch off the plants when they are exposed to daylight.【答案】51. D 52. A 53. C 54. D【解
92、析】本文是说明文，文章主要说明了绿色植物对于人们很有好处，因此麻省理工学院的工程师开发了一种发光植物。文章介绍了这种植物的过程以及这种植物的一些优势。【51题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were
93、 decorated with houseplants.” （例如，在俄亥俄州扬斯敦进行的一项研究发现，城市绿化区域的犯罪率较低。在另一项研究中，当员工的工作场所装饰有室内植物时，他们的工作效率提高了15%。）可知，第一段主要在讲关于绿色植物的益处。故选D项。【52题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when theyre short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in gr
94、oundwater.”（）其中包括一种植物，它们的叶子上印有传感器，可以显示它们是否缺水，还有一种植物可以检测地下水中的有害化学物质。）可知，麻省理工学院工程师植物叶片上印上传感器的作用是检测植物缺水的情况，故选A项。【53题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.”（发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，因此有助于节省能源。）可知，这种发光的植物在未来可能有助于减少能源消耗，故选C项。【54题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“The engineers are also
95、 trying to develop an on and off switch where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.”（工程师们还在尝试开发一种开关，当光线暴露在日光下时，光芒就会减弱。）此处表示光芒会减弱，而不是关闭植物，故D项描述错误，故选D项。(B)WILDE THEATREBOOKI NG-in personThe Box Office is open Monday to Saturday, 10 am-8 pm.-by postStating the performance and choice of seats, e
96、nclosing a cheque, postal order, or your credit card details to Wilde Theatre Box Office, PO Box 220, Earnest Street. All cheques should be made payable to Wilde Theatre.-by telephoneRing 0844 - 847-2484 to reserve your tickets or to pay by credit card (UnionPay and Master Card accepted)-onlineCompl
97、ete the on-line booking form at .DISCOUNTSSaver: $2 off any seat booked any time in advance for performances from Monday to Thursday inclusive, and for all matinees (下午场). Savers are available for children up to 16 years old, over 60s and full-time students.Supersaver: half-price seats are available
98、 for people with disabilities and one companion. It is advisable to book in advance. There is a maximum of eight wheelchair spaces available and on wheelchair space will be held until one hour before the show (subject to availability)Standby: best available seats are on sale for $6 from one hour bef
99、ore the performance for people eligible (有资格的) for Saver and Supersaver discounts and thirty minutes before for all other customers.Group Bookings: there is a ten percent discount for parties of twelve or more.Schools: school parties of ten or more can book $9 tickets in advance and will get every t
100、enth ticket free.*Please note: we are unable to exchange tickets or refund money unless a performance is cancelled due to unforeseen circumstance.55. When booking by post, you can pay for a ticket by _.A. visiting the website of a post officeB. going to your local bank in personC. enclosing your Mas
101、ter Card in an envelopeD. providing your credit card information56. What benefit can bookers enjoy according to the text?A. A party of nine adults going to a performance can book $9 tickets.B. A group of twelve students that book in advance pay $108 in total for a performance.C. Someone accompanying
102、 a wheelchair user to a performance receives a discount.D. A 15-year-old teenager can get $2 off any seat booked in advance for matinees only.57. According to the text, _ can get Standby ticket.A full-time students buying tickets one hour and a half ahead of a performanceB. 65-year-olds buying ticke
103、ts forty-five minutes before a performance beginsC. bookers who are unexpectedly unable to be present at a performanceD. all theatre-goers who buys tickets one hour before a performance begins【答案】55. D 56. C 57. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了王尔德剧院关于订票和折扣价等相关信息。【55题详解】细节理解题。根据-by post中“(请注明演出内容及座位选择，并附上支票、邮政汇票或信
104、用卡信息，寄往诚恳街220号邮政信箱王尔德剧院售票处)”可知，当通过邮寄预订一张票时，你可以通过提供你的信用卡信息来支付。故选D项。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据Supersaver中“half-price seats are available for people with disabilities and one companion.(残障人士及其一名同伴享受半价优惠)”可知，陪同轮椅使用者去看演出的人可以得到折扣。故选C项。【57题详解】推理判断题。根据Saver中 “Savers are available for children up to 16 years old, over
105、60s and full-time students.(折扣价适用于16岁以下的儿童、60岁以上的老人和全日制学生)”以及根据Standby中“ best available seats are on sale for $6 from one hour before the performance for people eligible (有资格的) for Saver and Supersaver discounts and thirty minutes before for all other customers.(有优惠和超级优惠资格的人，在演出前一小时开始可以以$6的价格出售获得最佳座
106、位，其他顾客可在演出前30分钟购买)”可知，65岁的人在演出开始前45分钟买票可以买到备用票。故选B项。(C)Like other pandemics and emerging disease outbreaks, COVID-19 is creating immense psychosocial disturbances. The disease involves an unfamiliar threat that is difficult to detect and challenging to distinguish from more benign illnesses. Dynamic
107、 pandemic conditions will draw out the anxiety. Things will get worse before they get better. A vaccine absent, non-pharmaceutical (非药物的) interventions are the only way to prevent infections, and they dramatically upset everyday bodily habits, social interactions and economic exchanges.Recent grocer
108、y store runs are a sign of concern in the community. Personal actions to avoid infection such as stocking hand sanitizer also present a sense of control over an uncertain danger. Improvements to current risk communication can alleviate（减轻）widespread distress. Top elected officials and health authori
109、ties should empathize with peoples fear, normalize stress reactions, provide clear guidance on recommended health behaviours, and instruct in concrete protections including those for mental health.However, more interventions are essential because specific groups are at a higher risk of both acute an
110、d lingering emotional distress. Health care workers on the epidemic front lines face compounding stressors: the prospect of more and longer shifts, finite supplies of personal protective equipment, fear of bringing infection home, witnessing co-workers becoming ill, and making tough allocation decis
111、ions about scarce, lifesaving resources like mechanical ventilators (通风设备).Exposed individuals confront a potential fall of challenging circumstances. To protect others, they may enter a state of self-quarantine. During the incubation period (潜伏期), they must live with uncertainty and limit physical
112、contact with others while trying to maintain social connectedness. Less income-generating activities and unmet obligations to others can increase the stress. Infected individuals may become sick, experience a lengthy convalescence (康复期), feel survivors guilt, and be avoided despite a complete recove
113、ry.For people with pre-existing mental health conditions, a pandemic can further heighten their anxious thoughts and compulsive behaviours. Previously managed symptoms can flare up, requiring additional care beyond what was sufficient before the crisis.58. The underlined word “benign” is closest in
114、meaning to _.A. friendly to the environmentB. mild and favourableC. not harmful in effectD. not caused by cancer59. According to the passage, the pandemic can _.A. put enormous stress on health care workers onlyB. create immense psychosocial disturbancesC. definitely alleviate the anxietyD. impose c
115、ompulsive behaviours on healthy people60. What can we infer from the passage?A. Vaccine is the only effective way available to prevent infections.B. Personal actions like stocking can help keep the pandemic in control.C. The mental crisis caused by COVID-19 should be treated equally with the physica
116、l one.D. The health care workers are mainly confronted with temporary emotional stress.61. What is the best title for the passage?A. A New Kind of VirusB. Selfless Health Care WorkersC. On Experiencing Coronavirus InfectionD. COVID-19s Psychosocial Impacts【答案】58. C 59. B 60. C 61. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介
117、绍了COVID-19（新型冠状病毒肺炎）给社会带来的极大的心理上的伤害。【58题详解】词句猜测题。由文章第一段“The disease involves an unfamiliar threat that is difficult to detect and challenging to distinguish from benign illnesses.（ 这种疾病涉及一种不熟悉的、难以发现的，并且很难与其他benign疾病区分开来的威胁） ”可知，这种疾病涉及一种不熟悉的难以发现的威胁，复杂且危害性大，由此可猜测这种疾病应是很难与其他“良性”的疾病区分开来，两者形成对比。 “benign”
118、意思是实际上无害。故选C项。【59题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段“Like other pandemics and emerging disease outbreaks, COVID-19 is creating immense psychosocial disturbances.（与其它大流行病和新出现的疾病爆发一样，新型冠状病毒肺炎正在造成巨大的社会心理干扰）”可知，流行病可以造成巨大的社会心理障碍。故选B项。【60题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段总领句“Like other pandemics and emerging disease outbreaks, COVID-19 is cr
119、eating immense psychosocial disturbances.（与其它大流行病和新出现的疾病爆发一样，新型冠状病毒肺炎正在造成巨大的社会心理干扰）”，以及“ they dramatically upset everyday bodily habits, social interactions and economic exchanges（它们极大地打乱了日常的身体习惯，社会互动和经济交流）”，再结合下文与“新型冠状病毒肺炎引起的心理伤害”相关内容可知，本文主要讲COVID-19给社会带来的心理上的伤害，极大地打乱了我们日常的身体习惯，社会互动和经济交流。其危害不亚于生理上带
120、来的危害，由此可推测COVID-19（新型冠状病毒肺炎）引起的心理危机应该同对待身体危机一样对待，要引起足够的重视。故选C项。【61题详解】主旨大意题。由文章总领句“Like other pandemics and emerging disease outbreaks, COVID-19 is creating immense psychosocial disturbances.（与其它大流行病和新出现的疾病爆发一样，新型冠状病毒肺炎正在造成巨大的社会心理干扰、影响）”，结合下文围绕此主题展开的内容可知，本文主要讲COVID-19给社会带来的心理上的伤害。由于文章标题是彰显文章主要内容的，所以
121、D项“COVID-19s Psychosocial Impacts（COVID-19在心理方面的影响）”表述符合题意，最适合作文章标题。故选D项。Section CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The World Needs ZoosZOOS play an important role i
122、n the world for conservation and education. They are particularly important for endangered species. Many animals are critically endangered and may go extinct in the wild, but in zoos, they are going strong. Many others are already extinct in the wild and only survive thanks to populations kept in ca
123、ptivity (圈养). Even those critical of zoos often recognize that it is better to have species preserved somewhere than lose them altogether. _62_Take the ring-tailed lemur (环尾狐猴) of Madagascar for example. This animal is almost ubiquitous in zoos as they breed well in captivity and the public are fond
124、 of them. However, despite their high numbers in collections around the world, they are the most threatened mammalian group on the planet. A recent survey suggests that up to 95 percent of the wild populations have been lost since 2000. _63_ One bad year or a new disease could wipe out those that ar
125、e left. Such trends are not isolated. The giraffe is another very common species in zoos. Unlike the lemurs, giraffes are widespread in the countries across much of sub-Saharan Africa. Yet giraffe populations have gone down by a third in the last thirty years. While less dramatic than the drop in le
126、mur numbers, this is obviously a major loss and again, whole populations (which some scientists think are of unique subspecies) are on the verge of extinction._64_ Ongoing and future issues from climate change can have unexpected effects on wildlife. It will become more difficult for conservationist
127、s to predict which species might be at risk. As it is, experts are struggling to continue monitoring the species that are already known to be vulnerable, so it is easy to see why common species might be overlooked. People might not take a great local loss seriously on the assumption that these anima
128、ls are heavily populated elsewhere. There will, I suspect, always be resistance to the argument for keeping animals in captivity and I will not defend the zoos that are bad and in desperate need of improvement or closure. _65_ If even common species can lose a huge percentage of their populations in
129、 a few years, it may be too late to save them with even the best breeding programs or conservation efforts in the wild.A. So we can see many endangered animals living in zoos.B. This is a trend that is only likely to continue.C This means that the remaining individuals are at serious risk.D. In fact
130、, species that are common can also come under serious threat before people realize it.E. But unfortunately that is not always the case.F. But if we wish to keep any real measure of biodiversity on the planet, we may have to lean on zoos far more than many realize.【答案】62. D 63. C 64. B 65. F【解析】本文是一篇
131、议论文，论述了对于濒危的动物是否需要动物园进行圈养，从而对其保护。【62题详解】由空格下一段所举的事例“Take the ring-tailed lemur of Madagascar for example. This animal is almost ubiquitous in zoos as they breed well in captivity and the public are fond of them. However, despite their high numbers in collections around the world, they are the most t
132、hreatened mammalian group on the planet. (以马达加斯加的环尾狐猴为例。这种动物在动物园里几乎无处不在，因为它们在圈养条件下繁殖良好，公众喜欢它们。然而，尽管它们在世界各地的收藏数量很多，但它们是地球上最受威胁的哺乳动物群体。)”可知，即便是动物园里数量最多，最受欢迎的动物，在自然界中依然也受到威胁。由此推断出，前一句的观点应该是即便是常见的动物也会处于危险之中。D项In fact, species that are common can also come under serious threat before people realize it.(事
133、实上，在人们意识到之前，常见的物种也会受到严重的威胁)可以引出下文。故此题选D。【63题详解】根据空格前一句“A recent survey suggests that up to 95 percent of the wild populations have been lost since 2000.(最近的一项调查显示，自2000年以来，多达95%的野生种群已经消失)”可知，95%的野生种群已经消失。又结合空格后一句“One bad year or a new disease could wipe out those that are left.(糟糕的一年或一个新的疾病可能会消灭那些剩下
134、的)”可知，剩下的野生种群的情况十分危急。由此可知，空格处应该讲述剩下的野生种群的情况也很糟糕。那么C项This means that the remaining individuals are at serious risk.(这意味着剩下的有严重的危险)承上启下。故此题选C。【64题详解】根据空格前一句“While less dramatic than the drop in lemur numbers, this is obviously a major loss and again, whole populations (which some scientists think are
135、of unique subspecies) are on the verge of extinction.(虽然没有狐猴数量下降那么明显，但这显然是一个重大损失，而且整个种群（一些科学家认为是独特的亚种）都濒临灭绝)”可知，通过长颈鹿的例子论证到野生动物处于危险之中。又根据空格后一句“Ongoing and future issues from climate change can have unexpected effects on wildlife. (气候变化带来的持续和未来问题可能会对野生动物产生意想不到的影响)”可知，气候变化和未来问题也会让野生动物处于危险之中。由此可知，横线处应该
136、讲述，野生动物这种糟糕的情况不会得到改善，甚至会加剧。那么B项This is a trend that is only likely to continue.(这种趋势只可能持续下去)承上启下。故此题选B。【65题详解】根据空格前一句“There will, I suspect, always be resistance to the argument for keeping animals in captivity and I will not defend the zoos that are bad and in desperate need of improvement or closu
137、re. (对于圈养动物的论点，总会有人反对，我也不会为那些糟糕的、急需改善或关闭的动物园辩护)”可知，有人对于圈养持反对态度。但空格后一句“If even common species can lose a huge percentage of their populations in a few years, it may be too late to save them with even the best breeding programs or conservation efforts in the wild. (如果即使是普通物种也能在几年内失去大量的种群，那么即使是最好的繁殖计划或
138、野生保护措施也可能为时已晚)”可知，作者对于圈养是持支持态度的。由此可知，横线处存在转折关系。故F项But if we wish to keep any real measure of biodiversity on the planet, we may have to lean on zoos far more than many realize.(但是，如果我们想真正衡量地球上的生物多样性，我们可能不得不依赖动物园，这远远超出了许多人的认识)起到了转折关系，承上启下。故此题选F。IV. Productive Grammar (10分)Directions: After reading th
139、e passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.River Cleanup Draws Praise阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
140、形式。A walk along Shanghais Suzhou Creek was, for much of the 20th century, best undertaken with a handkerchief covered firmly over the nose. Liquid waste from factories poured directly into its waters. For the multi-generational families who lived in the small boats that crowded its waters from bank
141、to bank, it had long doubled as a source of public drinking water and a sewer. Infectious diseases _66_ (spread) throughout the area as a result of water pollution.Suzhou Creek has taken on an entirely new look in recent years. The once-smelly and disease-ridden riverside _67_ (make) into a new dest
142、ination for shopping, strolling and living. It is well-equipped _68_ (join) the likes of Pariss Canal Saint-Martin as an agreeable urban waterfront. The restoration of Suzhou Creek dates back to 1993, _69_ a sewage treatment plant became operational. The plant was able to collect around 1.4 million
143、cubic meters of wastewater within urban areas every day. Since 2002, with the capabilities of the sewage treatment system constantly _70_ (upgrade), the main stream of the creek has been cleansed of its black and smelly pollutants. During the past six years, water quality throughout the system has a
144、lso been greatly improved by the cleanup of over 2,000 river ways _71_ the city. Residents were delighted to see duckweed and freshwater fish return to its waters.Research from the U.N. Environment Program reveals that half of the worlds 500 largest rivers have been seriously depleted or polluted. T
145、he comprehensive cleanup project for the 125-kilometer-long Suzhou Creek is an example the world _72_ follow, said a report released during the fourth session of the U.N. Environment Assembly in March.Stage Four of the Suzhou Creek restoration project is in full swing. Its aim is to make the creeks
146、waterfront _73_ (inviting) to the public. _74_ this is certainly a noble aim, heritage advocates are worried that traces of Shanghais days as a treaty port are getting erased in the process. However, according to the chief designer Michael Grove, “All the historic structures will be preserved and re
147、used, mainly for cultural purposes.” As a model, he points to the successful transition of a disused textile mill into the popular M50 arts district, a warren (道路错综复杂的区域) of contemporary art galleries that lies further up the creek.That means visitors will still be able to stroll Suzhou Creek from t
148、he 1911 Garden Bridge to the 1924 Post Office, _75_ (enjoy) a cheerfully dilapidated (年久失修的) part of the metropolis that has, against all odds, retained the essence of old Shanghai. Minus, of course, the stink (恶臭).【答案】66. spread 67. is being made /has been made 68. to join 69. when 70. being upgrad
149、ed 71. across/in 72. can/should 73. more inviting 74. While/Though/Although 75. enjoying【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了上海苏州河过去的污染和近些年来对它的治理和改造。【66题详解】考查一般过去时。句意：由于水污染，传染病在这一地区蔓延开来。这里在讲述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时，所给词spread的过去式是spread。故填spread。【67题详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态或现在完成时的被动语态。句意：这条曾经臭气熏天、疾病肆虐的河边正被改造成购物、散步和生活的新去处。句子主语The once-
150、smelly and disease-ridden riverside和make之间是被动关系，再根据句意可知句子用现在进行时的被动语态或现在完成时的被动语态。故填is being made /has been made。【68题详解】考查不定式。句意：它设施齐全，可以和巴黎的圣马丁运河(Canal Saint-Martin)一样，成为令人愉快的城市海滨。此处是 be +形容词+to do 的用法。故填to join。【69题详解】考查定语从句。句意：苏州河的修复始于1993年，当时一个污水处理厂开始运营。此处1993是先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作时间状语。故填when。【70题详解】
151、考查现在分词的被动式作宾语补足语。句意：随着污水处理系统的不断升级，这条小溪的主流已清除了黑臭污染物。这里是with的独立主格结构“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，其中宾语the capabilities和upgrade之间是被动关系，且表示“正在被升级”，所以用现在分词的被动式作宾语补足语。故填being upgraded。【71题详解】考查介词。句意：在过去的六年里，整个系统的水质也通过清理城市的2000多条河流得到了极大的改善。介词短语：across/in the city“在城市中”，在句中作地点状语。故填across/in。【72题详解】考查情态动词。句意：在联合国第四届会议上发布的一
152、份报告称，125公里长的苏州河的全面清理工程是世界可以/应该效仿的榜样。情态动词can在肯定句中可以表示一种客观事实的“可能，可以”；情态动词should也可以表示对未来的预测或可能。故填can/should。【73题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：它的目的是使小溪的海滨更吸引公众。此处inviting是形容词，意思是“有吸引力的”；清理河流就是为了让它对公众“更有吸引力”，结合上文，这里应该用形容词比较级。故填more inviting。【74题详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然这当然是一个崇高的目标，但遗产倡导者担心，上海作为通商口岸的历史痕迹会在这个过程中被抹去。这里是While/Thou
153、gh/Although引导的让步状语从句，意思是“尽管，虽然”。置于句首，首字母大写。故填While/Though/Although。【75题详解】考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：这意味着游客仍然可以从1911年的花园桥到1924年的邮局漫步苏州河，享受这座大都市年久失修的部分，尽管困难重重，但仍然保留了老上海的精髓。句中That means 是主句部分，宾语从句的主语visitors和enjoy之间是主动关系，是现在分词作伴随状语。故填enjoying。V. Translation (20分 3+4+4+4+5)Directions: Translate the following sente
154、nces into English, using the words given in the brackets.76. 学校领导将讨论是否在一年级新生中启用新教材。（debate）(汉译英）【答案】The school authority will debate whether or not to apply the new textbooks to the freshmen / the first year students.【解析】【详解】考查时态和连接词。表示“学校领导”用the school authority，表示“讨论”应用debate，此处表达将讨论，需要用一般将来时态，即wi
155、ll deabte，宾语部分是apply the new textbooks to the freshmen / the first year students，宾语部分由连接词whether or not连接，故翻译为The school authority will debate whether or not to apply the new textbooks to the freshmen / the first year students.77. 专家们说，父母们应当鼓励孩子们提升积极参与各类活动意识。（involve）(汉译英）【答案】Experts say that parent
156、s (should) encourage their children to raise their awareness of getting actively involved in activities of different kinds.【解析】【详解】考查动词、短语和名词。分析句子可知，时态是一般现在时。主句主语为“专家们”，应用名词复数experts，谓语为“说”，应用动词say，宾语为that引导的宾语从句；宾语从句的主语为“父母”，应用名词parents，谓语为“应当鼓励”，应用动词 (should) encourage，宾语为“孩子们”，应用名词 their children
157、 ；“鼓励某人做某事”是encourage sb.to do sth.，表示“积极参与”应用动词短语get actively involved in。故翻译为Experts say that parents (should) encourage their children to raise their awareness of getting actively involved in activities of different kinds。78. 思维方式因人而异，所以不要让我仓促做决定, 而是要给我一些时间。（rush v.）(汉译英）【答案】Way of thinking varie
158、s from person to person, so dont rush me into making a decision. Instead, please allow me some time.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词、固定短语与祈使句。“思维方式”翻译为way of thinking，“因人而异”即为“人与人之间不同”，动词的“不同”可使用differ/vary，“人与人之间”使用from person to person，本句为一般现在时。“使（某人）仓促做，使（某人）草率做”的结构为rush sb. into doing sth.，“做决定”是make a decision
159、，最后一小句实为祈使句，“给我一些时间”可运用动词allow，构成allow me some time。此外注意衔接词的使用，“所以”可用so，“而是”表转折，此处用instead衔接较为自然。综上，故翻译为：Way of thinking varies from person to person, so dont rush me into making a decision. Instead, please allow me some time.79. 该男子想方设法回避谈及这个话题，这就逼迫警方对此事件不得不展开调查。（which）(汉译英）【答案】The man tried hard t
160、o avoid talking about the issue, which forced the police to investigate the case.【解析】【详解】考查定语从句，短语和动词。分析可知，句子主语是“该男子”表达为The man，谓语“设法做某事”表达为try to do sth，“回避谈及这个话题”表达为avoid talking about；后半句“这”指代前面的内容，可以用非限制性定语从句，用which引导，在从句中作主语，从句的谓语为 “迫使某人去做某事”表达为force sb to do sth，根据语境可知时态为一般过去时，再根据其他汉语意思，故翻译为Th
161、e man tried hard to avoid talking about the issue, which forced the police to investigate the case. 80. 结果证明，外来务工人员能够快速适应城市的快节奏生活，并为城市的繁荣兴旺做出了巨大贡献。（adjust）(汉译英）【答案】It turns out that migrant workers can quickly adjust (themselves) to the fast pace of the city and make great contributions to the prosp
162、erity of the city.【解析】【详解】考查固定句式、动词短语和名词。分析句子可知，时态是一般现在时。表示“结果证明”可用固定句式It turns out that .；表示“外来务工人员”应用名词复数形式migrant workers，谓语动词是“能够快速适应”和“做出了巨大贡献”，分别用动词短语adjust (themselves) to和make great contributions to ；宾语分别为“城市的快节奏生活”和“城市的繁荣兴旺”，应用名词短语 the fast pace of the city和the prosperity of the city。故翻译为It
163、 turns out that migrant workers can quickly adjust (themselves) to the fast pace of the city and make great contributions to the prosperity of the city。VI. Guided writing (15分）81. Directions: For this part, you are required to write an essay explaining around the topic “Why it is unwise to judge a p
164、erson by his appearance.” You are expected to write 100 words for at least TWO reasons to illustrate your point. The opening and closing paragraphs are done for you, and you start with your explanation. It is a truth universally acknowledged that the criteria of judging a person are extremely comple
165、x. Various as the standards might be, judging a person by appearance is the most unreliable one. We need to go beyond his looks and dresses and focus on more profound aspects so as to truly know a person._To conclude, appearance judging is highly undependable, but all-round personal contact talks. T
166、hough careful observation and constant interaction with the person may cost time and energy, they really yield us incalculable advantages.【答案】It is a truth universally acknowledged that the criteria of judging a person are extremely complex. Various as the standards might be, judging a person by app
167、earance is the most unreliable one. We need to go beyond his looks and dresses and focus on more profound aspects so as to truly know a person.On the other hand, one cant choose their external appearance, but their thought and behavior. Judging others based on their external appearance also means th
168、at you lack of respect and admiration to them. It will be unfair to people who born disabled like Mr. Beethoven, a famous composer with his deafness. But there is no doubt that he is a great composer.On the other hand, a deep understanding of a person requires a large amount of time and energy. A pe
169、rson who dressed in old jeans and tennis shoes doesnt have to be poor; he might prefer the comfort of the old jeans and the shoes to the discomfort of high heels and the business suit. People should make use of the contact talks and thus look beyond superficial appearance.To conclude, appearance jud
170、ging is highly undependable, but all-round personal contact talks. Though careful observation and constant interaction with the person may cost time and energy, they really yield us incalculable advantages.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于提纲类作文，要求考生写一篇议论文，分析为什么“以貌取人是不明智的”。详解】第一步：审题体裁：议论文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。结构：总-分-总要求
171、：1.与前后文连贯；2.至少有两个理由来说明观点。第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）external appearance；based on；lack of；there is no doubt that；a great composer；a deep understanding of；a large amount of；be dressed in；preferto；high heels；make use of第三步：连词成句1. On the other hand, one cant choose their external appearance, but their thought and be
172、havior.2. Judging others based on their external appearance also means that you lack of respect and admiration to them.3. It will be unfair to people who born disabled like Mr. Beethoven, a famous composer with his deafness.4. But there is no doubt that he is a great composer.5. On the other hand, a
173、 deep understanding of a person requires a large amount of time and energy.6. A person who dressed in old jeans and tennis shoes doesnt have to be poor; he might prefer the comfort of the old jeans and the shoes to the discomfort of high heels and the business suit.7. People should make use of the c
174、ontact talks and thus look beyond superficial appearance.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表并列补充关系：and；also；2.表因果关系：thus；3.表转折对比关系：but；On the one hand,On the other hand 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 Judging others based on their external appearance also means that you lac
175、k of respect and admiration to them.（使用了动名词和由that引导的宾语从句）高分句型2 It will be unfair to people who born disabled like Mr. Beethoven, a famous composer with his deafness.（使用了同位语和it作形式主语）高分句型3 A person who dressed in old jeans and tennis shoes doesnt have to be poor; he might prefer the comfort of the old jeans and the shoes to the discomfort of high heels and the business suit.（使用了由who引导的定语从句）38