1、2021复旦附中 (青浦) 高三上英语一次月考II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use on
2、e word that best fits each blank. Lisa was running late. Lisa, 25, had a lot to do at work, plus visitors on the way: her parents were coming for Thanksgiving rom her hometown. But as she hurried down the subway stairs, she started to feel uncomfortably warn. By the time she got to the platform. Lis
3、a felt weak and tiredmaybe it hadnt been a good idea to give blood the night before, she thought. She rested herself _1_ a post close to the tracks. Several yards away, Frank, 43, and his girlfriend, Jennifer, found a spot dose to _2_ the front of the train would stop. They were deep in discsussion
4、about they were thinking of buying. Bur when he heard the scream,_3_ (follow) by someone yelling. “Oh, my god, she fell in!” Frank didnt hesitate. He jumped down to the tracks and ran some 40 feet toward the body lying on the rails. “No! Not you!” his girlfriend screamed after him. She was right to
5、be alarmed. By the time Frank reached Lisa, he _4_ feel the tracks shaking and see the light coming. The train was about 20 seconds from the station. It was hard to lift her. She was just out. But he managed to raise her the four feet to the platform _5_ bystanders could hold her by the arms and dra
6、g her away from the edge. That was where Lisa briefly regained consciousness, felt _6_ being pulled along the ground, and saw someone else holding her purse. Lisa thought she _7_ (rob). A woman held her hand and a man gave his shirt to help stop the blood _8_ (pour) from her head. Then she tried to
7、talk but she could not, and that was the time when she realised how much pain the was in. Police and fire officials soon arrived, and Frank told the story to an officer. Jennifer said her boyfriend was calm on their 40-minute train ride downtownjust as he had been seconds after the rescue, _9_made h
8、er think about her reaction at the time. “I saw the train coming and I was thinking he was sure _10_ (die),” she explained.【答案】1. against 2. where 3. followed 4. could 5. in order that#so that 6. herself 7. had been robbed 8. pouring 9. which 10. to die【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了弗兰克在地铁救了晕倒的丽萨的故事。【1题详解】
9、考查介词。句意：她靠在铁轨上的一根柱子上休息。against靠在之上，结合句意可知，是靠在铁轨上的一根柱子上。故填against。【2题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在几码外，43岁的弗兰克和他的女友珍妮弗找到了一个离列车前站不远的地方。本句是个定语从句，先行词是spot，指地点，从句缺少地点状语，用where引导。故填where。【3题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但当他听到尖叫声，后面还有人在大喊大叫。根据空后的“ by someone ”可知，使用过去分词作状语。故填followed。【4题详解】考查情态动词。句意：当弗兰克到达丽莎身边时，他能感觉到铁轨在晃动，并看到了亮光。根据句意及空后是动
10、词原形feel可知，此处使用情态动词could（能够），表示过去，故填could。【5题详解】考查状语从句。句意：但他还是设法把她抬到四英尺高的平台上，这样旁观者就可以抓住她的胳膊，把她从站台边拖走。根据句意可知，此处是目的状语从句，用in order that/so that引导。故填in order that/so that。【6题详解】考查代词。句意：在那里，丽莎短暂地恢复了意识，感觉到自己在地上被拖着走，并看到有人拿着她的钱包。根据句意并分析句子可知，此处是指主语 Lisa 感到自己被拖走，因此使用反身代词herself。故填herself。【7题详解】考查时态。句意：丽萨感觉自己被抢
11、劫了。主语she与rob之间是被动关系，根据主句的thought可知，发生在过去的过去，因此使用过去完成时。故填had been robbed。【8题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一名女子握着她的手，一名男子将自己的衬衫递给她，以阻止血液从她的头部涌出。stop doing sth阻止做某事，结合句意。故填pouring。【9题详解】考查定语从句。句意：詹妮弗说，她的男友在40分钟的火车旅程中很平静，就在救援发生几秒钟后，这让她想起了自己当时的反应。本句是非限制性定语从句 ，指代整个主句的内容，从句缺少主语，用which引导。故填which。【10题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她解释说:“我看到
12、火车开过来了，我想他肯定会死。” be sure to do sth确定做某事。故填 to die。Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. instinctive B. weakening C. referring D. exhibited E. symbolic F. popularityG. returni
13、ng H. connections I. emerged J. immediacy K. mereA recently published study of online research habits, conducted by scholars from University College London, suggests that we may well be in the midst of a great change in the way we read and think. The scholar found that people using the sites _11_“a
14、form of skimming activity,” hopping from one source to another and rarely _12_ to any source theyd already visited. They typically read no more than one or two pages of an article or book before they would move to another site. Sometimes theyd save a long article, but there is no evidence that they
15、ever want back and actually read it. Thanks to the existence of text on the Internet, not to mention the _13_ of text-messaging on cell phones, we may well be reading more today than we did in the 1970s or 1980s, when television was our medium of choice. But its a different kind of reading.” says Ma
16、ryanne Wolf, a developmental psychologist at Tufts University, “We are how we read.” Wolf worries that the style of reading promoted by the Net, a style that puts _14_ and efficiency above all else, may be _15_ our capacity for the kind of reading that _16_ when an earlier technology, the printing p
17、ress, made long and complex works of prose common. When we read online, she says, we tend to become _17_ decoders of information. Our ability to interpret text, to make the rich mental _18_ that form when we read deeply and without distraction, remains largely disengaged. Reading, explains Wolf, is
18、not a(n)_19_ skill for human beings. It is not rooted in our genes the way speech is. We have to teach our minds how to translate the _20_ characters we see into the language we understand.【答案】11. D 12. G 13. F 14. J 15. B 16. I 17. K 18. H 19. A 20. E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是伦敦大学学院(University Colleg
19、e London)的学者最近发表了一项关于网络阅读习惯的研究，该研究表明，我们的阅读和思考方式可能正在发生巨大变化。【11题详解】考查动词。句意：这位学者发现，使用这些网站的人表现出一种“略读行为”，从一个资源跳到另一个资源，很少返回到他们已经访问过的任何资源。由后面的“a form of skimming activity,”可知，使用这些网站的人表现出一种“略读行为”，因此空格处是 “表现出”，即exhibit，故选D。【12题详解】考查动词。句意：这位学者发现，使用这些网站的人表现出一种“略读行为”，从一个资源跳到另一个资源，很少返回到他们已经访问过的任何资源。由“any source
20、theyd already visited”可知，这些人很少返回到他们已经访问过的任何资源，因此空格处是“返回 ”，即return，故选G。【13题详解】考查名词。句意：由于互联网上文本的存在，更不用说手机短信的普及，我们今天的阅读量很可能会超过上世纪七八十年代的阅读量，那时电视是我们选择的媒介。由“text-messaging on cell phones”可知，手机短信是很普及的，the后跟名词，“普及”的名词是popularity，故选F。【14题详解】考查名词。句意：沃尔夫担心，由网络推动的阅读方式，一种将即时性和效率置于一切之上的阅读方式，可能正在削弱我们的阅读能力。早前的印刷技术使
21、冗长复杂的散文作品变得普遍，而现在这种阅读方式已经出现。由“and efficiency”可知，空格处和efficiency并列，用名词，意思是“即时性”，即immediacy，故选J。【15题详解】考查动词。句意：沃尔夫担心，由网络推动的阅读方式，一种将即时性和效率置于一切之上的阅读方式，可能正在削弱我们的阅读能力。早前的印刷技术使冗长复杂的散文作品变得普遍，而现在这种阅读方式已经出现。由“a style that puts _ and efficiency above all else, may be _ our capacity for the kind of reading”可知，一种
22、将即时性和效率置于一切之上的阅读方式，可能正在削弱我们的阅读能力，因此空格处是 “削弱”，即weaken，故选B。【16题详解】考查动词。句意：沃尔夫担心，由网络推动的阅读方式，一种将即时性和效率置于一切之上的阅读方式，可能正在削弱我们的阅读能力。早前的印刷技术使冗长复杂的散文作品变得普遍，而现在这种阅读方式已经出现。由“when an earlier technology, the printing press, made long and complex works of prose common”可知，这种阅读方式在早前的印刷技术使冗长复杂的散文作品变得普遍时已经出现，因此空格处是 “出
23、现 ”，即emerge，故选I。【17题详解】考查形容词。句意：她说，当我们在网上阅读时，我们倾向于仅仅成为信息的解码器。由“When we read online”可知，当我们在网上阅读时，我们倾向于仅仅成为信息的解码器，因此空格处是“仅仅”，即mere，故选K。【18题详解】考查名词。句意：我们解读文本的能力，以及在不分心的深度阅读中形成的丰富的心理联系，在很大程度上仍然没有发挥作用。由“Our ability to interpret text, to make the rich mental”可知，我们解读文本的能力，以及在不分心的深度阅读中形成的丰富的心理联系，在很大程度上仍然没有发
24、挥作用，因此空格处是“联系 ”，即connection，故选H。19题详解】考查形容词。句意：沃尔夫解释说，阅读并不是人类的本能技能。由“Reading”和“is not a(n)_ skill for human beings”可知，阅读并不是人类的本能技能，因此空格处是“本能的”，即instinctive，故选A。【20题详解】考查形容词。句意：我们必须教会我们的大脑如何把我们看到的象征性的符号翻译成我们能理解的语言。由“characters we see”可知，我们必须教会我们的大脑如何把我们看到的象征性的符号翻译成我们能理解的语言，因此空格处是“象征性的”，即symbolic，故选E。
25、III. Reading ComprehensionsSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Racket, din, clamor, noise, whatever you want to call it, unwanted sound is Americas m
26、ost wide spread nuisance. But noise is more that just a nuisance. It constitutes a real and present danger to peoples health. Day and night, at home, at work, and at play, noise can produce serious physical and psychological _21_. No one is immune to this stress. Though we seem to adjust to noise by
27、 _22_ it, the car, in fact, never closes and the body still responds- sometimes with extreme _23_, as to strange sound in the night. The _24_ we feel when faced with noise is the most common outward _25_ of the stress building up inside us. Indeed, because irritability is so apparent, legislators (立
28、法者) have made public annoyance the _26_ of many noise reduction programs. The more subtle and more serious health hazards associated with stress caused by noise _27_ have been given much less attention._28_, when we are annoyed or made irritable by noise, we should consider these symptoms fair warni
29、ng that other things may be happening to us, some of which may be damaging to our health. Of many health hazards of noise, hearing loss is the most clearly observable and _29_ by health professionals. The other hazards are harder to pin down. For many of us, there may be a risk that _30_ to the stre
30、ss of noise increases vulnerability to disease and infection. The more vulnerable among us may experience noise as a complicating factor in heart problems and other diseases. Noise that cause annoyance and irritability in healthy persons may have serious consequences for these already ill in mind or
31、 body. Noise affects us throughout our lives. For example there are _31_ of effects on the unborn child when mothers are _32_ to industrial and environmental noise. During infancy and childhood, youngsters affected by high noise levels may have trouble falling asleep and obtaining necessary amounts
32、of rest. Why, then, is there not greater _33_ about these dangers? Perhaps it is because the link between noise and many disabilities or disease has not yet been _34_ demonstrated. Perhaps it is because we tend to _35_ annoyance as a price to pay for living in the modern world. It may also be becaus
33、e we still think of hearing loss as only an occupational hazard.21. A. stressB. consequenceC. influenceD. risk22. A. identifyingB. rejectingC. ignoringD. emphasizing23. A. caseB. reliefC. hatredD. tension24. A. annoyanceB. ignoranceC. frustrationD. grief25. A. categoryB. symptomC. propertyD. code26
34、A. outcomeB. reasonC. effectD. basis27. A. particularlyB. traditionallyC. enormouslyD. frequently28. A. ThereforeB. MoreoverC. ActuallyD. Nevertheless29. A. accessibleB. renewableC. measurableD. available30. A. resistanceB. exposureC. oppositionD. objection31. A. indicationsB. cluesC. cataloguesD. d
35、istinctions32. A. restrictedB. exposedC. relatedD. addicted33. A. alarmB. panicC. expectationD. suspicion34. A. necessarilyB. especiallyC. initiallyD. conclusively35. A. differentiateB. deliberateC. dismissD. discredit【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. A
36、34. D 35. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了噪音对我们生活地影响和对健康的危害，人们要对此提高警惕和认识。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论白天黑夜，在家、工作还是玩耍时，噪音都能造成严重的生理和心理压力。A. stress压力；B. consequence后果；C. influence影响；D. risk风险，危险。根据“No one is immune to this stress.”可知，此处是信息词stress的词汇复现。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们似乎通过忽略噪音来适应噪音，但实际上，汽车永远不会关闭，身体仍然有反应有时极度紧
37、张，比如在夜间听到奇怪的声音。A. identifying鉴定，识别；B. rejecting拒绝接受；C. ignoring忽视；D. emphasizing强调。根据“adjust to noise”可知，此处表示通过忽视噪音来适应噪音。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. case案例；B. relief轻松，解脱；C. hatred仇恨，厌恶；D. tension紧张。根据“as to strange sound in the night.”可知，夜晚听到奇怪的声音会感到极度紧张。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们面对噪音时所感到的烦恼是我们内心压力
38、累积的最常见的外在症状。A. annoyance烦恼，恼怒；B. ignorance无知，愚昧；C. frustration挫折，沮丧；D. grief痛苦。根据“when faced with noise”可知，面对噪音时，人们会感到烦恼。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. category种类；B. symptom症状；C. property财产，特性；D. code密码。根据“The _4_ we feel when faced with noise”可知，当我们面对噪音时所感到的烦恼是我们内心压力累积的最常见的外在症状。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：
39、事实上，由于易怒是如此明显，立法者已经把公众的烦恼作为许多减少噪音计划的基础。A. outcome结果；B. reason原因；C. effect影响；D. basis基础。根据“legislators”和“of many noise reduction programs.”可知，立法者已经把公众的烦恼作为许多减少噪音计划的基础。故选D。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：与噪音引起的压力有关的更微妙和更严重的健康危害历来很少受到关注。A. particularly尤其；B. traditionally传统地；C. enormously巨大地，极其；D. frequently经常地，频繁地。
40、根据“have been given much less attention”可知，与噪音引起的压力有关的更微妙和更严重的健康危害传统来讲很少受到关注。故选B。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我们被噪音弄得烦躁易怒时，我们应该把这些症状看作是在警告我们可能会发生其他事情，其中一些可能会损害我们的健康。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover此外；C. Actually事实上；D. Nevertheless然而，不过。上文“have been given much less attention.”和下文“we should consider these symptoms
41、 fair warning”形成转折关系。故选D。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在噪音对健康的许多危害中，听力损失是卫生专业人员最能清楚地观察到和衡量的。A. accessible可到达的，可接近的；B. renewable可更新的；C. measurable可衡量的；D. available可利用的。根据“hearing loss is the most clearly observable ”以及“The other hazards are harder to pin down.（其他的危险则更难确定。）”可知，此处表示听力损失是卫生专业人员最能清楚地观察到和衡量的。故选C。【3
42、0题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我们许多人来说，暴露在噪音的压力下可能会增加对疾病和感染的脆弱性。A. resistance反抗；B. exposure暴露；C. opposition对立；D. objection反对，异议。根据下文“The more vulnerable among us may experience noise as a complicating factor in heart problems and other diseases.（我们当中比较脆弱的人可能会觉得噪音是导致心脏问题和其他疾病的复杂因素。）”可知，此处说明暴露在噪音的压力下会增加对疾病和感染的脆弱性。
43、故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，有迹象表明，当母亲暴露于工业和环境噪音中时，胎儿会受到影响。A. indications指示，迹象；B. clues线索；C. catalogues产品目录；D. distinctions区别，区分。根据“For example”可知，此处表示有迹象表明。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. restricted受限制的；B. exposed暴露的；C. related相关的；D. addicted上瘾的，入迷的。根据“industrial and environmental noise”可知，此处表示暴露于工业和环境噪音
44、中的母亲。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那么，为什么对这些危险没有更大的警惕呢？A. alarm警报；B. panic恐慌；C. expectation期望；D. suspicion怀疑。根据“Perhaps it is because the link between noise and many disabilities or disease has not yet been _14_ demonstrated.”可知，上文对于人们对于这些噪音所带来的危险没有更大的警惕提出疑问。故选A。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许是因为噪音和许多残疾或疾病之间的联系还没有得到
45、确切的证明。A. necessarily必然地；B. especially尤其，特别；C. initially最初，开始；D. conclusively总结性地，最终。根据“the link between noise and many disabilities or disease has not yet been _14_ demonstrated.”可知，噪音和许多残疾或疾病之间的联系还没有得到确切的证明。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许是因为我们倾向于将烦恼视为生活在现代世界的代价。A. differentiate形成差异化；B. deliberate深思熟虑；C.
46、dismiss解雇，开除；D. discredit丧失名誉。根据“a price to pay for living in the modern world.”可知，人们把烦恼视为生活在现代世界的代价。dismiss sth. as sth.为固定用法，意为“不予考虑，对不屑一提”。故选C。Section BDirections: Read the following two passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fo
47、ur choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A)The candidate longing for election to the highest office in the United States must be native-born American citizen who is at least 35 years old and who has lived in
48、 the United States for at least 14 years. The election course is complicated, and the road to the Oval Office is long. Potential candidates must present papers stating their intention to seek their partys recommendation; delegates then choose from among those running some months later at the nationa
49、l conferences. Before that, however, each state holds a primary election that determines how the states votes want the partys delegates to vote. Methods of choosing the delegates vary from state to state. At the conferences, there are speeches and often heated discussions. It may take several rounds
50、 of voting before delegates can agree on a candidate. On the final day of the meeting, the presidential candidate announces his or her choice for vice president. Election Day, by law, is the Tuesday that follows the first Monday in November. On this day, registered votes may cast their votes for pre
51、sident, vice president, and candidates for other federal, state, and local offices. The popular vote, however, does not determine who will be president. The president is chosen by a vote of the Electoral College, a group of 538 citizens from the 50 states and the District of Columbia who are chosen
52、to cast votes for the president and vice president. The rules for choosing electors, as with the delegates, vary. Each state also decides whether its electoral votes must reflect the popular vote. The number of electors in each state is determined by the number of representatives and senators that a
53、 state sends to Congress and, therefore, may change every 10 years, depending on the results of the United States census. The winner must get at least 270 of the electoral votes when the Electoral College meets in December of the electron year. The election results are not official, however, until t
54、he following January, when Congress meets in a joint conference to count the electoral votes. At the end of the road to the Oval Office is the swearing-in ceremony, at which the new or reelected president takes the oath of office on January 20.36. Which of the following is not a requirement for cand
55、idates for the presidency of the USA?A. Minimum age of thirty-five years old.B. Previous experience in an elective office.C. Native of the United States of America.D. Bottom residency of fourteen years in the States.37. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Election r
56、esults are not authorized until the first month of the coming year.B. Ways to select the delegates of each state are very much the same in the USA.C. The successful presidential candidate wins a maximum number of electoral votes.D. A partys potential candidate is chosen months before its national co
57、nference is held.38. We can conclude from the passage that _.A. the candidate who wins the popular vote will be the winner of the electionB. the electors dont have the right to vote against their registered voters willC. the presidents of the United States are theoretically picked by the citizens di
58、rectlyD. the change of a states population barely has effect on the presidential election39. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. The Various Ways of Presidential Election in the USAB. The Qualifications for Being the president of the USAC. The Rules for Choosing Presiden
59、tial Candidates in the USAD. The Process of the Election for the President of the USA【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国总统的选举过程。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“The candidate longing for election to the highest office in the United States must be native-born American citizen who is at least 35 y
60、ears old and who has lived in the United States for at least 14 years.(渴望当选美国最高职位的候选人必须是土生土长的美国公民，年龄在35岁以上，并在美国居住了至少14年)”可知，在选举职位上的经验不是美国总统候选人的必备条件。故选B。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Potential candidates must present papers stating their intention to seek their partys recommendation; delegates then choose from
61、 among those running some months later at the national conferences.(潜在的候选人必须提交文件，表明他们寻求该党推荐的意图；然后代表们从几个月后参加全国大会的候选人中进行选择)”可知，D选项“一个政党的潜在候选人在全国大会召开前几个月被选中”正确。故选D。【38题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“The president is chosen by a vote of the Electoral College, a group of 538 citizens from the 50 states and the District
62、 of Columbia who are chosen to cast votes for the president and vice president.( 总统是由选举人团投票选出的，选举人团由来自50个州和哥伦比亚特区的538名公民组成，他们被选为总统和副总统)”可推知，美国总统理论上是由公民直接选出的。故选C。【39题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“The candidate longing for election to the highest office in the United States must be native-born American citizen who i
63、s at least 35 years old and who has lived in the United States for at least 14 years. The election course is complicated, and the road to the Oval Office is long.(渴望当选美国最高职位的候选人必须是土生土长的美国公民，年龄在35岁以上，并在美国居住了至少14年。选举过程很复杂，通往椭圆形办公室的道路很长)”结合文章主要介绍了美国总统的选举过程。可知，D选项“美国总统的选举过程”最符合文章标题。故选D。(B)Stewart Island
64、 Ferry ServicesWhile most visitors spend at least one night on Stewart Island, it is also readily accessible by ferry as a day excursion from Invercargill and Bluff.Experience Foveaux Strait in comfort and style on board our express catamarans. During the one-hour crossing between Bluff and Stewart
65、Island keep a lookout for wildlife, especially seabirds. Watching mollymawks (albatross) soaring behind the ferry is a fantastic sight.Interesting landmarks commonly seen include Dog Island Lighthouse, Ruapuke Island, Titi Islands and Mt Anglem - Stewart Islands highest point. Free tea and coffee on
66、 board Interpretation handouts are available (English only). Wheelchair access available Personal baggage is carried free on the ferries - max. two bags per person (one stowed and one small carry-on). Additional baggage is by prior arrangement. Vehicle parking available at Bluff (extra cost - reserv
67、ations recommended) FERRY TO STEWART ISLANDDepart BluffAll year 9:30amSep-May 5:00pmOct Apr 11:00amJun Aug 4:30pmLate Dec mid Jan8:00amFERRY TO BLUFFDepart Stewart IslandAll year 8:00amSep May 3:30pmOct Mar 6:00pmApr 5:00pmJun-Aug 3:00pmLate Dec mid Jan 9:30amOther departures as locally advertisedDu
68、ration 1hrCheck-in 30 minutes prior to the scheduled departure time. (Check-in and boarding gates are closed 10 minutes prior to times stated above.)_40_ on Return Ferry ServicesBuy 2 or more different excursions and SAVE 20% off all lower priced!Kids Go FREE on selected departures during NZ School
69、Holidays!Kids Go FREE for travel 20 April - 5 May 2013.40. If leaving a car at Bluff, a traveler had better _.A. refer to the handouts firstB. use wheelchair accessC. make a reservationD. park it 30 minutes before departure time41. John, who went to Stewart Island on Dec. 28th, got to the ferry dock
70、 at 7:55am. When did he most probably leave Bluff?A. At 8:00a.m.B. At 9:30a.m.C. At 11:00a.m.D. At 3:00p.m.42. Which of the following is false about the ferry services?A. Tea and coffee are free for passengers.B. Children go free for travel for about 15 days.C. Travelers are sure to see some seabird
71、s during the crossing.D. Passengers have to pay extra cost for extra pieces of luggage.【答案】40. C 41. B 42. D【解析】【分析】本文是应用文。介绍了到Stewart Island的轮渡服务的具体细节和各种信息。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据Vehicle parking available at Bluff (extra cost - reservations recommended)可知如果需要停车，要事先预约。故C正确。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据FERRY TO STEWART IS
72、LAND列举的时间Depart Bluff: All year 9:30am, Sep-May 5:00pm, Oct Apr 11:00am, Jun Aug 4:30pm, Late Dec mid Jan8:00am和注意事项Check-in 30 minutes prior to the scheduled departure time. (Check-in and boarding gates are closed 10 minutes prior to times stated above.)可知如果John在12月28日上午 7:55到达渡船码头，结合提前30分钟办理登船手续，办
73、理登船手续及登船门于上述时间前10分钟关闭。由此推断他乘坐9点30的渡船最合适。故B正确。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据Personal baggage is carried free on the ferries - max. two bags per person (one stowed and one small carry-on). Additional baggage is by prior arrangement.可知渡船免费运送个人行李，并没有说要额外收费。故D项错误。(C)Before Douglas Engelbart, computers were as big as ro
74、oms and used mostly for handling numbers. But in the late 60sat the Stanford Research Institute, Engelbart invented almost everything your personal computer has today: a mouse, hypertext, screen sharing and more. In 1968 he made real-time edits to documents nearly 40 years before Google Docs hit scr
75、eens; video chatted with friends long before Skypes 2003 arrival; and resized windows years before Microsoft entered the field in 1975. Engelbart was adding graphics (图形), hyperlinking and sharing screens all before the birth of the World Wide Web. “The digital revolution is far more significant tha
76、n the invention of writing or even of printing,” said Engelbart, and as it turns out, he held all the right cards.If hed been British，Engelbart would have been knighted (授爵) but the Portland, Oregon, native instead lived out the rest of his years as an unsung hero, trying to fry even bigger fish in
77、Silicon Valley. His blueprint of the Internet was radically different from todays profit- driven, streamlined version. Engelbart imagined an information system built on the backbones of cooperation and education, all meant to enhance the collective human mind. He wanted a computerized network of rea
78、l-time, human-wide cooperation, with the open-source spirit of Wikipedia and the purposefulness of Change.org.By the late 70s and early 80s Engelbart and his ideas were cast aside in favor of Apple Macintosh and Microsoft Windows, along with their profit-generating vision for personal computing, and
79、 a user-friendly approach to the Internet. Engelbarts team of researchers abandoned him, and he had a lesser position at a company called Tymshare while still battling with his pie-in-the-sky visions of a better world. Even worse, when Engelbarts mouse invention gained widespread use years later, he
80、 never gained the profits it had been licensed to Apple for around $40,000, Engelbart revealed.And if Engelbart had won? “Hard to say,” says Jefferson Bailey of the Internet Archive in San Francisco. The Web was bound to grow in ways its founders never intended, he says. He notes his belief that the
81、 same spirit of knowledge-sharing and cooperation Engelbart tirelessly pushed for will one day become part of our fast-evolving Internet, even if a commercial layer clouds the original vision. But even so，fame is difficult to achieve; it often ridicules great thinkers like Galileo or Tesla, only to
82、meet them decades after death. Granted, Engelbart was eventually allowed into the National Inventors Hall of Fame, in 1988, and into the Pioneers Circle in the Internet Hall of Fame after his death, but the heart of his dream has yet to be realized.43. The expression “his pie-in-the-sky visions of a
83、 better world” in Para. 3 refers to_.A. the function of computer data processingB. a real-time video chat on the InternetC. a user-friendly approach to the InternetD. an Internet of knowledge-sharing and cooperation44. Most probably Engelbarts greatest regret was that_.A. he was too crazy about his
84、vision of the Internet when totally ignoredB. he was not profitably rewarded for his landmark inventions of computerC. he was admitted to the U. S. National Inventors Hall of Fame too lateD. the Internet was commercially oriented against his original intention45. Which of the following is NOT true a
85、ccording to the passage?A. Engelbart rose and fell in his all-out battle over the future of the Internet.B. Engelbart could have succeeded in the Internet with his landmark inventions.C. Engelbart failed to realize his ambition due to his humble position in Tymshare.D. Engelbart could hardly resist
86、the profit-driven trend of the growing Internet.46. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. Who Benefits from the Internet?B. Who lost the Internet Wars?C. Who Pioneered the World Wide Web?D. Who Commercialized the Internet?【答案】43. D 44. D 45. C 46. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了恩格尔巴特为
87、互联网做出的贡献，恩格尔巴特发明了今天个人电脑所用的几乎一切东西：鼠标以及超文本、屏幕共享等神奇技术，倡导一个全人类合作的计算机网络，但是因为出身他没有获得应有的地位。相信恩格尔巴特不懈倡导的“知识共享和协作精神”有朝一日会成为我们快速发展的互联网的一部分【43题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段最后一句He wanted a computerized network of real-time, human-wide cooperation, with the open-source spirit of Wikipedia and the purposefulness of Change.org.(
88、他要的是一种能实时展开全人类合作的计算机网络，兼具维基百科的开源精神和“变革”网的坚定目的)以及第三段中的Engelbarts team of researchers abandoned him, and he had a lesser position at a company called Tymshare while still battling with his pie-in-the-sky visions of a better world.(恩格尔巴特的研究团队抛弃了他，他在一家名为Tymshare的公司里只担任了一个较低的职位，同时还在与自己对更美好世界的不切实际的幻想作斗争)可
89、知，第三段中的“他对更美好世界的不切实际的幻想”是指知识共享和合作的互联网。故选D。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的He notes his belief that the same spirit of knowledge-sharing and cooperation Engelbart tirelessly pushed for will one day become part of our fast-evolving Internet, even if a commercial layer clouds the original vision.(他相信恩格尔巴特不懈倡导的“知识共
90、享和协作精神”有朝一日会成为我们快速发展的互联网的一部分，就算商业的外衣遮蔽了最初的设想)可知，很可能恩格尔巴特最大的遗憾是互联网是以商业为导向的，违背了他的初衷。故选D。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的he had a lesser position at a company called Tymshare while still battling with his pie-in-the-sky visions of a better world(他屈就于一个名为蒂姆沙尔的公司，同时还在为他乌托邦式的梦想而奋斗)可知，C项“恩格尔巴特因为他在蒂姆沙尔的卑微地位没有实现他的野心”是错误的
91、。故选C。【46题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了恩格尔巴特为互联网做出的贡献，恩格尔巴特发明了今天个人电脑所用的几乎一切东西：鼠标以及超文本、屏幕共享等神奇技术，倡导一个全人类合作的计算机网络，但是因为出身他没有获得应有的地位。反而是一些后起之秀获得了殊荣。最后一段首句中的And if Engelbart had won?给出了本文的中心主旨，因此推断B项作为题目最佳。故选B。【点睛】词句猜测题：运用逻辑推理猜测词句是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺
92、语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的。在第1小题中，可以根据该划线词组所在的上下文语境来推测其意义。根据第二段最后一句He wanted a computerized network of real-time, human-wide cooperation, with the open-source spirit of Wikipedia and the purposefulness of Change.org.(他要的是一种能实时展开全人类合作的计算机网络，兼具维基百科的开源精神和“变革”网的坚定目的)以及第三段中的Engelbarts team of researchers abando
93、ned him, and he had a lesser position at a company called Tymshare while still battling with his pie-in-the-sky visions of a better world.(恩格尔巴特的研究团队抛弃了他，他在一家名为Tymshare的公司里只担任了一个较低的职位，同时还在与自己对更美好世界的不切实际的幻想作斗争)可知，第三段中的“他对更美好世界的不切实际的幻想”是指知识共享和合作的互联网。故选D。Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully.
94、 Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The factors that cause youth unemployment often differ among regions and labor systems. In much of Western Europe overemphasized labor protection ma
95、kes it more difficult for youths to land good jobs. Since firing full-time workers is so complicated and expensive, employers are unwilling to take on new staff, while people who are already employed, mainly older workers, often keep their jobs for life. In developing countries with high birthrates
96、and very young populations, like the Philippines, growth isnt strong enough to absorb the wave of youngsters entering the workforce each year. _47_Young people entering the workforce are often the most vulnerable in economic downturns - new employees are often the first to get sacked(被解雇) , while co
97、llege graduates find few employers willing to hire._48_In Spain, Italy and Japan, for instance, companies looking to gain flexibility in regulated labor markets often offer new, young staffers only short-term contracts. These contracts, which sometimes last for only a few days, usually come with low
98、 salaries and few benefits. Since such staff is temporary, employers have little intention to invest in training.Facing such obstacles, young people everywhere are finding that traditional route to success -education - isnt paying off as much as in the past. _49_They will often be offered low-skille
99、d jobs from waiters to supermarket clerks. A March report from the UKs Office for National Statistics showed that the share of recent college graduates in Britain working in lower-skilled jobs rose to nearly 36% in 2011 from less then 27% a decade earlier. _50_Typical is Cairos Ahmed Said. He gradua
100、ted from college with a business degree, and after performing the obligatory year of military service, he applied for jobs in accounting and data entry. But Said, 24, had no luck, and today he works as a waiter at a cafe near Tahrir Square. “This was my last choice” he says, “and this is the job tha
101、t I get.”A. Young graduates often find themselves competing with more-experienced workers.B. More and more college graduates are forced to take jobs below their skill level.C. They started applying for any positions they could find in other countries.D. In some parts of the world, such jobs are all
102、that is available to college graduates.E. Yet youth unemployment also has common roots throughout the world.F. Those young workers who do find employment are often trapped in awful contracts.【答案】47. E 48. F 49. B 50. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了不同地区和劳动力制度导致年轻人失业的不同因素。【47题详解】根据下一句“Young people entering the
103、 workforce are often the most vulnerable（易受伤害的）in economic downturns new employees are often the first to get sacked, while college graduates find few employers willing to hire. ”（在经济低迷时期，进入职场的年轻人往往是最脆弱的新员工往往是最先被解雇的，而大学毕业生发现很少有雇主愿意雇佣）可知，此处内容与解释了为什么年轻人最容易被解雇或失业，由此推知空处提出青年人失业有共同的原因。个选项E：Yet youth unem
104、ployment also has common roots throughout the world.（然而，青年失业在世界各地也有共同的根源）符合题意。故选E。【48题详解】根据下文“These contracts, which sometimes last for only a few days, usually come with low salaries and few benefits.”（ 这些合同有时只持续几天，通常工资很低，福利也很少）可知，此处内容与工作的年轻人遇到糟糕的合同有关，选项F：Those young workers who do find employment
105、are often trapped in awful contracts (那些找到工作的年轻工人经常陷入糟糕的合同中）符合题意，contract是关键词。故选F。【49题详解】根据下一句“They will often be offered low-skilled jobs from waiters to supermarket clerks. ”（他们经常会得到从服务员到超市店员等低技能工作）可推知，此处内容与大学毕业生被迫做低技能的工作有关，选项B：More and more college graduates are forced to take jobs below their sk
106、ill level.（越来越多的大学毕业生被迫从事低于他们技能水平的工作）符合题意，下文的they指代选项中的more and more college graduates。故选B。【50题详解】根据下一句“Typical is Cairos Ahmed Said”（典型的是开罗的Ahmed）可知，此处内容与大学毕业生从事低技能工作的现象有关，选项D：In some parts of the world, such jobs are all that is available to college graduates.（在世界上的一些地方，大学毕业生只能找到这样的工作）符合题意，下文是对选项内
107、容的举例说明。故选D。IV. Summary Writing51. Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage. Use your own words as far as possible.Wearable DataThe classic nightmare of suddenly realizing youre naked in public could soon get a futuristic twist: it mi
108、ght involve the horror of losing not just your modesty but also your codes. Scientists recently created magnetic garments that they say can store data, automatically unlock doors or control a nearby smart-phone with gestures. The concept of interactive smart clothing has drawn attention in the past
109、couple of years. For example, Google and Levis created a touch-sensitive denim jacket that can operate a smart-phone. This and other smart garment are made with conductive thread and usually require an attached electonic device. To eliminate the need for such attached gear, researchers at the Univer
110、sity of Washington recently took advantage of what they say is previously untapped property of conductive thread: its ability to be magnetized. Using magnetic instead of electric properties of the thread may seem like a small difference, but its what makes this work interesting and exciting, says Ch
111、ris Harrison, a computer scientist at Carnegie Mellon University, who was not part of the research. The new technique allowed the researchers to do something they say is unique among wearables: turn them into storage devices. The Washington team magnetized a patch of fabric embroidered with conducti
112、ve thread, giving different parts of the cloth a north or south orientation that corresponded to binary 1s or 0s. This step allowed the researchers to store us to 33 million different combinationssuch as pass codes for doorson a shirt cuff. The graments still stored data after washing, drying and ir
113、oning, but they could not escape times eraser; after about a week, the threads magnetic fields had weakened by around 30 percent. The researchers suggest that using custom made thread designed to hold stronger magnetic fields might work longer. But for now the clothes may be best suited for storing
114、temporary codes, such as those found on hotel key cards or clothing tags in stores. Harrison says that it is Very unlikely youre ever going to achieve a comparable density to magnetic hard drives with data-storing fabric, however. _【答案】Scientists recently created magnetic garments that they say can
115、store data, automatically unlock doors or control a nearby smart-phone with gestures, which are made with conductive thread and usually require an attached electonic device. To eliminate the need for such attached gear, researchers took advantage of untapped property of conductive thread: its abilit
116、y to be magnetized. But for now the clothes may be best suited for storing temporary codes.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，科学家们最近发明了一种磁性衣服，他们说这种衣服可以存储数据、自动开门或用手势控制附近的智能手机，这种衣服由导电线制成，通常需要一个附加的电子设备。为了消除这种附加设备的需要，研究人员利用了导电线的未开发特性：它的磁化能力。但就目前而言，这些衣服可能最适合储存临时密码。【详解】1 要点摘录 Scientists recently created magnetic garm
117、ents that they say can store data, automatically unlock doors or control a nearby smart-phone with gestures. This and other smart garment are made with conductive thread and usually require an attached electonic device.To eliminate the need for such attached gear, researchers at the University of Wa
118、shington recently took advantage of what they say is previously untapped property of conductive thread: its ability to be magnetized.But for now the clothes may be best suited for storing temporary codes, such as those found on hotel key cards or clothing tags in stores.2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3三个要点进行
119、分说。 3.遣词造句Scientists recently created magnetic garments that they say can store data, automatically unlock doors or control a nearby smart-phone with gestures, which are made with conductive thread and usually require an attached electonic device.To eliminate the need for such attached gear, researc
120、hers took advantage of untapped property of conductive thread: its ability to be magnetized. But for now the clothes may be best suited for storing temporary codes.【点睛】高分句型1 Scientists recently created magnetic garments that they say can store data, automatically unlock doors or control a nearby sma
121、rt-phone with gestures, which are made with conductive thread and usually require an attached electonic device.运用which引导非限制性定语从句对原文第一段和第二段进行了概括。高分句型2 To eliminate the need for such attached gear, researchers took advantage of untapped property of conductive thread: its ability to be magnetized.用不定式作
122、目的状语从句对第三段进行了概括，表达非常高级。V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 四分之一的受访学生承认上网课时会因为手机而分心。 (admit) (汉译英）【答案】A quarter of the students interviewed admitted that they would be distracted by cell phone when having online courses【
123、解析】【详解】考查动词时态和宾语从句。表示“四分之一的学生”应用A quarter of the students；表示“采访”应用interview；表示“承认”应用admit，后面用that引导宾语从句；表示“他们”应用they；表示“因为而分心”应用be distracted by；表示“手机”应用cellphones；表示“上网课时”应用when having online courses。主句的谓语动词是admit，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，从句谓语动词使用过去将来时；interview修饰students作后置定语，且二者为动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故翻译成：A qua
124、rter of the students interviewed admitted that they would be distracted by cell phone when having online courses。53. 在今后的五十年内，很有可能大部分体力活都会被人工智能所取代。（汉译英）【答案】Within the next 50 years, it is likely that most manual tasks will be replaced by Artificial Intelligence.【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和句型。表示“在今后的五十年内”短语为withi
125、n the next 50 years；表示“很有可能”句型为it is likely that；表示“大部分体力活动”翻译为most manual tasks；表示“取代”应用replace，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态；表示“人工智能”短语为Artificial Intelligence。故翻译为Within the next 50 years, it is likely that most manual tasks will be replaced by Artificial Intelligence.54. 智能手机不仅让你了解世界上发生的事情，而且可以让你随时随地上网购物。(Not
126、only) (汉译英）【答案】Not only do smartphones inform yourself of what if happening in the world, but they also enables you to do online shopping anytime and anywhere.【解析】【详解】考查固定句型和时态。表示“不仅而且”句型为not onlybut also，位于句首时，not only部分需用部分倒装；表示“让某人了解”短语为inform oneself of；表示“世界上发生的事情”翻译为what is happening in the wo
127、rld；表示“让你随时随地上网购物”翻译为enable you to do online shopping anytime and anywhere。句子应用一般现在时。故翻译为Not only do smartphones inform yourself of what is happening in the world, but they also enables you to do online shopping anytime and anywhere.55. 精通英语的大学生在求职时往往有优势。 (汉译英）【答案】Graduates with a good command of En
128、glish tend to be at an advantage when applying for jobs.【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。结合句意表示“精通英语的大学生”短语为graduates with a good command of English；表示“往往”短语为tend to do sth.；表示“有优势”短语为at an advantage；表示“在求职时”应用when applying for jobs。句子用一般现在时。故翻译为Graduates with a good command of English tend to be at an advantage when
129、 applying for jobs.VI. Guided Writing56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 校园欺凌 (school bullying) 时有发生, 已经引起广泛关注。请简要分析校园欺凌的原因, 并谈谈自己的看法和建议。_【答案】My opinions about school bullyingSchool bullying is a big problem that has got
130、 more and more attention in society. Being bullied can make students feel scared or upset. Some students are afraid of going to school. School bullying can even lead to more serious mental health problems. So how should we stop school bullying? To effectively prevent and cure school bullying, parent
131、s should improve their way of upbringing and create a good family atmosphere. Schools need to strengthen ideological education, enhance comprehensive prevention and control capacity. I believe that with our joint efforts, school bullying will be effectively curbed.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于议论文，要求考生简要分析校园欺凌的原因
132、, 并谈谈自己的看法和建议。【详解】1.词汇积累害怕：scaredfearsome导致：lead tocause严重的：serioussevere加强：strengthenreinforce2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Being bullied can make students feel scared or upset. Some students are afraid of going to school.拓展句：Being bullied can make students feel scared or upset, some of whom are afraid of going to school.【点睛】高分句型1 Being bullied can make students feel scared or upset. (运用了动名词作主语)高分句型2 I believe that with our joint efforts, school bullying will be effectively curbed. (运用了that引导宾语从句)