1、复旦大学附属中学2019学年第一学期高一年级英语期末考试试卷考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken
2、only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. She didnt like the food the man prepared.B. She does prefer spicy food.C. She thinks the man spent too much t
3、ime cooking.D. She is annoyed with the man.2. A. He hadnt noticed any change in David. B. David looks very different without a beard.C. David looks nicer without a beard.D. He hasnt seen David for a long time.3. A. The paper should be completed by next Friday.B. Only the first part of the term paper
4、 is due next Friday.C. Some students didnt finish their term paper on time.D. Some students havent started their paper yet.4. A. Lucy didnt attend the party. B. It was cancelled at the last minute.C. Lucys friends did much of the work. D. The man wasnt invited.5. A. Buy a ticket for the man. B. Watc
5、h a live game.C. Go to the mans home. D. Sell the man her ticket.6.A. Shed rather take a direct train.B. She doesnt care how long the trip takes.C. It doesnt take long to get to New York.D. Taking a plane might be more practical.7.A. Lose some weight. B. Shop for new clothes.C. Have his jeans altere
6、d. D. Wear clothes that fit more tightly.8.A. Souvenirs. B. Books. C. A shaver. D. Cosmetics.9.A. Something unusual happened in the laboratory.B. The laboratory should never be locked.C. The laboratory is generally unlocked on Friday afternoon.D. The man lost the key to the laboratory.10.A. Sorry. B
7、. Annoyed C. Disappointed.D. Surprised.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be
8、spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following lecture.11.A. Teaching staff. B. Environmentalists.C. School cleaners. D. College s
9、tudents.12.A. It keeps track of how clean or polluted the air is on an hour-to-hour basis.B. The Environmental Protection Agency made the Clean Air Act.C. People in Atlanta, Georgia, may be feeling the effects of poor air quality today.D. Sensitive groups of people may not feel sick until the AQI re
10、aches 150.13.A. Checking the AQI before going outside. B. Limiting outdoor activities every day.C. Staying home on high level days. D. No exercising on high level days.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following talk.14.A. Smart home technology. B. Advanced computers.C. Google Home. D. Defenc
11、e industry.15.A. Technology can help homeowners look in on pets when they are away.B. Smart home devices can foresee big storms before they happen.C. Theres possibility that you talk with someone at your door while you are away.D. Smart home devices can be controlled from both inside and outside you
12、r home.16.A. The information they store in the computer. B. Leaks and flooding caused by storms.C. The security of the smart home devices.D. The safety of their pet dogs at home.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. Forest fires. B. The history of a coastal city.C. Co
13、astal redwood trees. D. The city of San Francisco.18.A. In California. B. In the north of San Francisco.C. In Muri Woods National Monument. D. Not mentioned.19.A. 350 years. B. 400 years. C. 800 years. D. 2000 years.20.A. The coastal redwoods are the tallest living things.B. The coastal redwoods pre
14、fer foggy climate.C. The coastal redwoods are resistant to forest fires.D. The costal redwoods are the oldest living things in the world.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D, choose the one answer that bes
15、t completes the sentence.1. Fears haunted him those days _ he _ down by the scandal.A. that; draggedB. that; would be draggedC. which; had been draggedD. when; would drag【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查同位语从句和时态。句意：那些日子里他一直担心这件丑闻会把他拖下水。第一空为同位语从句，解释fears的具体内容，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，故应用that；第二空中，he与drag构成被动关系，且指从过去的某个时间来看，将要发生的
16、动作，应用过去将来时。故选B。2. No sooner _ up the catwalk than the spotlight shone down on her.A. did the model startB. the model had startedC. had the model startedD. the model started【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和倒装句。句意：模特刚走上T台，聚光灯就照在她身上。no sooner. than.引导的时间状语从句，前面的主句通常用过去完成时，后面的从句通常用一般过去时，当no sooner放于句首时，前面的主句应采用部分倒装，助动
17、词had在主语the model之前。故选C项。3. Madame Curie spent her whole life _ to _ the scientific world.A. devoted; exploringB. devoted herself; exploreC. devoting herself; exploreD. being devoted; exploring【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词及动词短语辨析。句意：居里夫人把她的一生都献给了科学界。由于文章中已有谓语动词“spent”，再结合句意分析可知此处her whole life和动词devote构成动宾关系，
18、同时根据固定短语“spend some time doing sth(花费时间做某事）,”和“be devoted to doing sth.（致力于做某事）”可得出答案。故选D项。4. The design of the multi-functional table lamp _ when IKEA managed to popularize it in the Asian market.A. was proved successfulB. was proved to be successfulC. proved being a successD. proved a success【答案】D
19、【解析】【详解】考查动词和名词。句意：当宜家成功将其在亚洲市场推广时，这款多功能的台灯设计证明是一个成功。动词prove作“证明是”可看作连系动词，其后可直接接名词作表语；a success“一件成功的事情”，此处将抽象名词具体化，指“这款多功能的台灯设计是一件成功的事”。故选D。5. The crime _ looked into carefully before he _ charged with murder.A. /; /B. /; wasC. was; /D. was; was【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：在他被指控谋杀之前，这起罪行被仔细调查。 分
20、析句子可知，主语The crime与谓语动词looked into是被动关系，主语是第三人称单数，故第一空填was；第二空主语he与谓语动词charge是被动关系，由charged以及主语he是第三人称单数推断填was。故选D。【点睛】6. No matter how frequently _, he didnt _ and determined to lose weight.A. frustrated; lose heartB. frustrated; lose his heartC. being frustrated; lose hopeD. having been frustrated;
21、 lose his hope【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查省略和固定短语。句意：不管有多沮丧，他都没有灰心，决心减肥。分析句子结构可知，此处no matter how引导让步状语从句,其后接形容词frustrated“沮丧的”，因为从句主语和主句主语一致，且含有be动词，所以此处从句省略主语he和was；lose heart灰心，固定短语，助动词didnt后需接动词原形。故选A。7. They quarreled over the question _ introduced white agriculture to the Development Zone.A. as to whomB. wh
22、oC. that whoD. which【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：他们就谁将白色农业引入开发区的问题进行了争执。分析句子结构结合句意可知，空处引导同位语从句，从句内容用于解释说明前面的名词the question，同时从句缺少主语，由句意可知是“谁”将白色农业引入开发区，所以应用who引导该从句，故选B项。8. The new _ system was designed to prevent the previous errors from _.A. life-saved; repeatingB. life-saving; repeatingC. life-saved;
23、being repeatedD. life-saving; being repeated【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词和动名词。句意：新的救生系统的设计是为了防止以前的错误再次发生。第一空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词system，表示挽救生命的，需用life-saving；preventfrom doing sth.阻止做某事，固定搭配，此处表示被重复，所以第二空处需用动名词的被动语态：being done。故选D。9. The healthy lifestyle he had long got used to _ due to a lack of certain nutrients in
24、 his diet.A. was ruinedB. being ruinedC. ruinedD. be ruined【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查被动语态。句意：由于饮食中缺乏某些营养物质，他长期习惯的健康生活方式被毁了。分析句子结构可知 “he had long got used to”为定语从句修饰The healthy lifestyle。主句为 “The healthy lifestyle _ due to a lack of certain nutrients in his diet. ”句子中缺少谓语动词。The healthy lifestyle与ruin之间为被动关系。句子描
25、述的是过去的事情，所以需要使用一般过去时，主语为单数，故谓语动词应该为was ruined。故选A。10. Her grandma, _ help she couldnt have achieved so much, has passed away.A. whoseB. of whoseC. with whomD. without whose【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她的祖母，去世了。没有她，她不可能取得这么大的成就。分析句子可知，“_ help she couldnt have achieved so much”是定语从句，先行词是Her grandma，还原定语
26、从句是：Without her grandmas help she couldnt have achieved so much.先行词在从句中作定语修饰help，用关系代词whose，且help作without的宾语，故用without whose，故选D。【点睛】11. These kids pretended _ when he was telling them the same joke _ he did last time.A. laughing; whichB. to have laughed; asC. laughing; /D. to be laughing; that【答案】D
27、【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词和定语从句。句意：当他讲和上次一样笑话时，这些孩子假装在笑。pretend to do sth.假装做某事，固定搭配，所以排除选项A，根据“he was telling them the same joke”可知，第一空处需用动词不定式的进行时态：to be doing作宾语，表示假装正在做某事，第二空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是joke，且被the same修饰，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，所以第二空处需用关系代词as引导定语从句。故选D。12. Please hand out the rules of the game to _ participates
28、in the quiz show tonight.A. anyoneB. whoeverC. whomeverD. those who【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句 。句意：请把游戏规则发给今晚参加智力竞赛节目的人。空处为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，此处表示“今晚参加智力竞赛节目的人”应用whoever引导。故选B。13. _ Im thousands of miles away from my motherland, home is always _ my heart is.A. While; whereB. Despite; the place whereC. Though; at
29、whichD. Although; the place which【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查状语从句和表语从句。句意：虽然我远离我的祖国，但家永远是我心之所在。第一空，引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”，后跟句子，故排除B选项；第二空，空处为表语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故应用where引导；理解为定语从句时，先行词为the place，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故选A。14. The student is so exhausted _ he fainted. It is the last straw _ breaks his back.A. as; /B. as; tha
30、tC. that; /D. that; that【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查状语从句和强调句型。句意：那个学生累得晕倒了，已经使他终于无法忍受了。分析句子结构可知，由第一空前“so exhausted”可知，空处需要that, sothat如此以至于，引导结果状语从句；去掉第二空处的It is 和空格内容可知，句子 结构完整，所以第二句为强调句型，其构成为：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who(强调部分为人),此处强调部分为主语，所以第二空处需用that。故选D。15. DINK is a family pattern, _ many young couples are tryi
31、ng to follow nowadays.A. thatB. one thatC. by whichD. the one why【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查代词和定语从句。句意：丁克是一个家庭模式，现在许多年轻夫妇正在努力效仿的一种模式。分析句子可知，“ many young couples are trying to follow nowadays.”是限制性定语从句，泛指上文提到的名词“pattern”，用one，作定语从句的先行词。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。by which引导定语从句，不符合题意；why引导定语从句，从句中作原因状语，不符合题意，故选B。【点睛】16
32、. This years charity ball was the most successful ever, as _ by the number of tickets _.A. being witnessed; soldB. was witnessed; having been soldC. witnessed; soldD. being witnessed; having been sold【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句与非谓语动词。句意：今年的慈善舞会是最为成功的一次，这可以从售出的门票数量上看出来。分析句子结构可知 “as _ by the number of tickets
33、 _.”为定语从句，修饰前面整个句子。As为关系代词引导定语从句时，如果先行词是整个句子，谓语动词为及物动词的被动语态是，从句的助动词可以省略，as witnessed 相当于 which was witnessed，因此第一空为witnessed。第二空为非谓语动词作定语，ticket与sell之间为被动关系；故用过去分词形式。故选C。17. If the economy is doing well, the prices of stocks will tend to rise in _ is referred to as a “bull market”.A. allB. thatC. wh
34、ichD. what【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：如果经济状况良好，股票价格就会在所谓的“牛市”中上涨。分析句子可知，前面有介词，该空为宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，表示“什么”，用what引导该从句。故选D项。18. The boss interviewed two applicants, neither of _ he thought was suitable because he didnt like the way _ they spoke.A. whom; whichB. who; thatC. whom; in whichD. who; where【答案】C【解析
35、】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：老板面试了两个申请人，他认为这两个人都不合适，因为他不喜欢他们说话的方式。分析句子可知。这两个空都为“介词+关系代词”的定语从句；前空在从句中做of的宾语，指代two applicants，应用whom；the way为先行词时，关系代词为in which/ that /不填。故选C项。19. _ with other contestants sitting on the stage, Angela appeared calm and confident in the quiz show.A. ComparedB. ComparingC. To compareD.
36、 Having compared【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当其他坐在舞台上的参赛者比较，安吉拉在智力竞赛节目中显得平静和自信。compared with“与相比较”是固定短语，在句中作状语。故选A。【点睛】20. My hometown is a good _ of old and modern. You can find both places of _ importance and tons of skyscrapers here.A. approach; historicalB. mix; historicalC. trend; historicD. con
37、trast; historic【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义和形容词词义辨析。句意：我的家乡是古老与现代的完美结合。你可以在这里找到历史上重要的地方和成堆的摩天大楼。approach方法，方式，mix混合，trend趋向，contrast对比，historical表示与历史相关的，historic有历史意义的；根据第一空后“old and modern”可知，此处需用mix表示古老和现代的结合，第二空处表示和历史相关的地方，需用形容词historical。故选B。21. _ the influence of alcohol, he couldnt _ his son was lying
38、 to him.A. With; riskB. With; distinguishC. Under; tellD. Under; ensure【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和动词词义辨析。句意：在酒精的影响下，他不能看出儿子在对他撒谎。Under the influence of在的影响下，固定短语，所以第一空处需用介词under；risk冒险， distinguish区分，辨别，tell辨别，ensure确保，根据空前“在酒精的影响下”可知，第二空处需用动词distinguish/tell，表示看出之意。故选C。22. The planning and decoration of t
39、he palace _ the visitors with its architectural forms and gorgeous furniture.A. wonB. gaspedC. involvedD. amazed【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：宫殿的规划和装修以及其建筑形式和华丽的家具让游客惊叹不已。A. won 赢；B. gasped喘气，渴望；C. involved涉及，卷入；D. amazed使.吃惊。根据下文的“with its architectural forms and gorgeous furniture.”可知，此处是指宫殿的建筑形式和华丽的家具
40、让游客惊震惊，amaze“使.吃惊”符合语境。故选D。23. He is a man of great integrity and _ judgement who can always tell right from wrong at the critical moment.A. delicateB. influentialC. soundD. innovative【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他是一个非常正直、善于判断的人，在关键时刻总是能明辨是非。A.delicate脆弱的；B.influential有影响的；C.sound明智的，合理的；D.innovati
41、ve创新的。根据下文“can always tell right from wrong at the critical moment.”总是能在关键时刻明辨是非，可推断，他是一个能做出明智的判断的人。故选C。【点睛】24. The opinions on the newly-released film _ from person to person, which means the film has _reviews from the audience.A. vary; mixedB. vary; moderateC. are varied; variedD. are varied; vari
42、ous【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词和形容词辨析。句意：对于这部刚上映的电影，人们的看法各不相同，这意味着观众对这部电影的评价褒贬不一。第一空，表示“变化”短语为varyfromto“从到不同或者变化”，使用主动语态；第二空，mixed混合的，褒贬不一的；moderate温和的；varied多变的；various各种各样的，结合语境，观众对电影的评价应当是“褒贬相混合”，应用mixed。故选A。25. Out of _ considerations, the most _ way to get airline tickets is to book them half a year befo
43、re the departure time.A. economic; economicB. economic; economicalC. economical; economicalD. economical; economic【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从经济上考虑，最经济的买机票的办法是在起飞前半年预订。economic经济的，经济上的，用以指与贸易、工业或财富等有关的“经济上的”或“有关经济学方面”的意义；economical经济的，节约的，合算的，则指与“节约”同义的“经济”，相当于not wasteful。故第一空，指“从经济上考虑”应用economic；第二
44、空，指买机票最合算节约的办法，应用economical。故选B。26. The father could barely _ his anger when hearing the news that his son was _ from the school due to misbehavior.A. contain; accountedB. contain; suspendedC. maintain; advisedD. maintain; driven【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当父亲听到儿子因行为不端而被停学的消息时，他几乎无法抑制自己的愤怒。contain控制，ma
45、intain保持，坚持，accounted解释，suspended暂停；advised建议，driven迫使，根据空后“因为儿子被停学可知，”第一空处需用动词contain，表示父亲无法控制自己的愤怒，由空后“儿子行为不端”可知，第二空处需用suspended，表示儿子停学。故选B。27. _ that breast milk is better for her baby, the mother refused to buy _ milk recommended by the expert.A. Convinced; powderedB. Convinced; concentratedC. C
46、onvincing; powderedD. Convincing; concentrated【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词和非谓语动词。句意：相信母乳对她的孩子更好，母亲拒绝购买专家推荐的奶粉。 分析句子可知，主句的谓语动词是refused，故convince用非谓语动词形式作状语，convince与逻辑主语the mother是被动关系，用过去分词；第二空作定语修饰milk，powdered是形容词，表示“制成粉状的”，powered milk奶粉。concentrate“使集中”，根据句意，故选A。【点睛】28. It is the _ in the countryside
47、that farmers sow, _, and harvest.A. agriculture; compostB. involvement; laborC. regulation; chopD. practice; irrigate【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词和动词辨析。句意：农民播种、灌溉和收割是农村的惯例。A.agriculture农业; compost堆肥；B.involvement参与; labor劳动；C.regulation管理; chop剁碎；D.practice惯例; irrigate灌溉。此处句式为it作形式主语，that引导的从句为主语从句。根据动词sow和harv
48、est可知，此处为连续动作，所以that从句中缺少的动词为“灌溉”（irrigate），在农村农民播种、灌溉和收割是惯例（practice）。故选D。29. To ensure the proper functioning of the company, the employees are asked to _ every penny they spend on business trips.A. account forB. contribute toC. count onD. make up【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：为了确保公司的正常运作，员工被要求解释他们在出差中花费的每一分
49、钱。A.account for 解释；对作出说明；B.contribute to有助于；导致；C.count on依靠；指望；D.make up组成。根据“To ensure the proper functioning of the company”可推断，公司正常运作，员工对出差时花费的钱要做出说明解释。故选A。点睛】30. Smell is a very basic sense but humans have lost much of the _ to use it properly.A. appetiteB. benefitC. facilityD. moderation【答案】C【解
50、析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：嗅觉是一种非常基本的感觉，但人类已经失去了大部分正确使用它的能力。A. appetite 食欲；B. benefit 好处；C. facility 才能，天赋；D. moderation 适度。根据“Smell is a very basic sense but ”可知，这里是说人类已经失去了大部分正确使用它的能力。故选C项。Section BDirections: Fill in each blanks with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note
51、 that there is one word more than you need.A. caught B. contexts C. flashed D. flood E. migrated F. misspelled G. label H. spotI. term J. trick K. understood Touching the thumb and index finger to make a circle, with the remaining three fingers held outstretched, is a gesture that people around the
52、world have made for centuries, mostly in positive _31_. But in recent years, it has been converted for a more vicious purpose to signify “white power”. Here is how the hand gesture became a disturbing one.The widely _32_ modern use of the gesture for approval seems to have arisen along with the _33_
53、 “O.K.” in the 19th century when Charles Gordon Greene wrote jokingly in The Boston Morning Post about it being an intentionally _34_ abbreviation for “all correct”. The expression _35_ on, and the hand gesture, with the fingers forming something vaguely like an O and a K, became closely linked with
54、 it.It became connected to “white power” in early 2017 as a hoax（骗局）. Some users of 4chan, an anonymous and unrestricted online message board, began what they called “Operation O-KKK” to see if they could _36_ the wider world and especially liberals and the mainstream media into believing that the g
55、esture was actually a secret symbol of white power. “We must _37_ twitter and other social media websites with spam, claiming that the OK hand signal is a symbol of white supremacy,” one of the users posted, going on to suggest that everyone involved create fake social media accounts to spread the n
56、otion as widely as possible.The 4chan hoax succeeded all too well and ceased being a hoax: Neo-Nazis, Ku Klux Klansmen and other white nationalists began using the gesture in public to signal their presence and to _38_ potential sympathizers and recruits. For them, the letters formed by the hand wer
57、e not O and K, but W and P, for “white power”.A number of high-profile figures on the far right have helped spread the gestures racist implication by producing it conspicuously in public. The gesture has _39_ beyond ironic trolling culture to become a “sincere expression of white supremacy”, which c
58、ould be seen in March 2019 when Brenton Tarrant, the white supremacist accused of killing 50 people in back-to-back mass shootings at two mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand, smiled and _40_ the sign to reporters at a court hearing on his case.【答案】31. B 32. K 33. I 34. F 35. A 36. J 37. D 38. H 39.
59、 E 40. C【解析】本文一篇说明文。食指与拇指比个圈，另外三根指头翘起来，这是全世界都通行的“OK”手势。但近两年，在美国比出这个手势，却可能惹出麻烦，会被视为支持“白人至上主义”的种族歧视分子。【31题详解】考查名词。句意：拇指和食指触碰成一个圈，其余三根手指向外伸出，这是世界各地的人们几个世纪以来都在做的一个手势，大多是在积极的情况下。形容词positive后接名词形式。结合句意，表示“环境、背景”，故选B。【32题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现代人们广泛使用这个表示同意的手势，似乎是在19世纪和“O.K”一起出现的。名词use与understand之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语
60、。结合句意，故选K。【33题详解】考查名词。句意：现代人们广泛使用这个表示同意的手势，似乎是在19世纪和“O.K”一起出现的。定冠词the后接名词形式。结合句意，表示“术语、词语”，故选I。【34题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当时Charles Gordon Greene在波士顿晨报上开玩笑地写道，它是“all correct”的故意拼错的缩写。名词abbreviation与misspell之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。结合句意，故选F。【35题详解】考查短语和时态。句意：这个表情很受欢迎，手势，手指形成类似O和K的形状，与它紧密相连。catch on变得流行。根据文章时态可知，用一般
61、过去时。结合句意，故选A。【36题详解】考查短语。句意：4chan是一个匿名且不受限制的在线留言板，一些用户开始了他们所谓的“O-KKK行动”，看看他们能否欺骗更广泛的世界尤其是自由主义者和主流媒体让他们相信这个手势实际上是白人权力的秘密象征。trick sb. into doing sth.欺骗某人做某事。情态动词could后接动词原形， 结合句意，故选J。【37题详解】考查动词。句意：我们必须用垃圾邮件淹没twitter和其他社交媒体网站，声称OK手势是白人至上主义的象征，”一名用户发帖称。他接着建议所有相关人员创建虚假的社交媒体账户，尽可能广泛地传播这一概念。情态动词must后接动词原形
62、。结合句意，表示“淹没”，故选D。【38题详解】考查动词。句意：4chan骗局成功了，不再是骗局:新纳粹分子、三k党和其他白人民族主义者开始在公共场合用这个手势来表示他们的存在，并发现潜在的同情者和新成员。动词不定式to（use sth to do）后接动词原形。结合句意，表示“发现”，故选H。【39题详解】考查时态。句意：姿态已经超越讽刺恶意破坏文化迁移到成为一个“白人至上真诚的表达”.这可以在2019年3月看到，当时被指控在新西兰克赖斯特彻奇两个清真寺连续发生的大规模枪击案中杀害50人的白人至上主义者布伦顿塔兰特微笑着，并在法庭上向记者展示了这一标志听他的案子。has后接动词的过去分词构成
63、现在完成时。结合句意，表示“移往、迁移”，故选E。【40题详解】考查动词。句意同上。此处与smiled 并列作谓语，根据句中时态可知，用一般过去时。结合句意，表示“快速出示、发出（信息）”，故选C。III. Reading Comprehension Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits t
64、he context.When the Chinese government first sent students to America in the late 19th century, it could not decide whether their goal should be to acquire specific technical knowledge or to _41_ new ways of thinking. More than a century later, a third of a million Chinese students are enrolled at A
65、merican schools and universities. Yet folks back home remain _42_ about what an American degree means.Attending an American university is a good career move. It is also _43_ as a soft option for well-off kids, scared of the gaokao, Chinas brutal university-entrance exams. Yet many bright Chinese you
66、ngsters explain the appeal of an American education in a remarkably _44_ fashion. One place to hear such dreams is an English-language debating tournament in the central city of Wuhan. It follows a(n) _45_ popular at high schools across America, known as “Public Forum Debate”.At first sight, the eve
67、nt bears the stamp of _46_. It uses the classrooms at a bilingual private boarding school in Wuhan with its own golf course and an ice-hockey team coached by imported Russians. But the debate is not for big-city _47_. It is run by the National High School Debate League of China, which _48_ contests
68、in dozens of Chinese cities each year. This one has _49_ pupils, aged 13-18, from nine cities. Many will never study overseas.The proposition is: “Countries should give _50_ to climate-change adaptation over alleviation.” An early round is won by a pair of 17-year-old girls who attend the internatio
69、nal section of a state-run high school in Shenyang. In confident, rapid-fire English the duo argue that climate change should be treated with realism. The pair also had speeches arguing the opposite ready, in case the coin-toss had gone _51_.Unlike America, where debating clubs are _52_ by shouty, s
70、elf-assured boys, most contestants in the Chinese league are girls. Of its 20 highest-ranked debaters, 16 are female. In a society that is still _53_-centered, the chance to argue forcefully and be applauded for it has a rare appeal, suggests Liam Mather, the leagues executive director. The winners
71、in Wuhan are Joyce Yi and Erica Chen, from a state school in the southern boomtown of Shenzhen. Their swaggering first-round performance leaves two _54_ boys open-mouthed like fish. Ms Chen initially _55_ debating in English because “Im kind of an argumentative person.” Then she realized the subtle
72、effects of having to research both sides of an argument. Chinese education emphasizes one correct answer to a question, she says.41. A. absorbB. applyC. practiceD. spread42. A. assuredB. disturbedC. dividedD. suspended43. A. blamedB. punishedC. scornedD. warned44. A. idealisticB. practicalC. realist
73、icD. variable45. A. accessB. formatC. pathD. recipe46. A. challengeB. democracyC. economyD. privilege47. A. amateursB. elitesC. inhabitantsD. migrants48. A. entersB. exposesC. issuesD. stages49. A. convertedB. convincedC. drawnD. withdrawn50. A. emergencyB. guaranteeC. priorityD. sympathy51. A. in t
74、he wayB. its own wayC. the other wayD. under way52. A. advocatedB. dominatedC. monitoredD. presented53. A. examB. maleC. moneyD. power54. A. illiterateB. ill-preparedC. unexpectedD. unpredictable55. A. dreadedB. fanciedC. ignoredD. tolerated【答案】41. A 42. C 43. C 44. A 45. B 46. D 47. B 48. D 49. C 5
75、0. C 51. C 52. B 53. B 54. B 55. B【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章以国内人们对美国学位意见分歧为切入点，介绍了一次在武汉举行的英语辩论赛。该辩论赛采用美国受欢迎的“公共论坛辩论”模式，参赛者年龄段在1318岁。选手们，尤其是女选手的精彩表现让人们大为赞叹。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当19世纪末期第一次把学生送往美国时，中国政府不能决定他们的目标是获得具体的科技知识，还是吸收新的思维方式。A. absorb吸收；B. apply申请，应用；C. practice练习；D. spread散播。whetheror“是还是”连接并列结构，根据上文的“to a
76、cquire specific technical knowledge”可知，此处所选词和acquire应为近义词。故选A。【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，对于美国学位意味着什么，国内的民众依然存在分歧。A. assured确定的；B. disturbed被打扰的；C. divided有分歧的；D. suspended推迟的。根据上文“More than a century later, a third of a million Chinese students are enrolled at American schools and universities.”可知，现在有很多
77、学生到美国读书，结合yet表示前后转折推知，国内的人对在美国取得学位有不同的看法，即分歧。故选C。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们也对这种行为感到不耻，因为它是害怕高考中国残酷的大学入学考试的富家子弟的软选择。A. blamed责备；B. punished惩罚；C. scorned蔑视；D. warned警告。根据下文的“a soft option for well-off kids”可知，因为它是富裕家庭孩子逃避高考的一种方式，所以有人鄙视去美国念书。故选C。【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，很多聪明的中国年轻人用一种非常理想化的方式来解释美国教育的吸引力。A. ide
78、alistic理想主义的，理想化的；B. practical实际的；C. realistic现实的；D. variable多变的。根据空后的“ One place to hear such dreams is an English-language debating tournament in the central city of Wuhan. ”可知，在中部城市武汉举行的英语辩论赛就是一个可以听到这种梦想的地方。因此他们的辩论是理想化的。故选A。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它遵循了美国高中很受欢迎的一种形式公共论坛辩论。A. access接触，使用；B. format形式；C.
79、path路径；D. recipe食谱。结合上文内容可知，此处是指武汉的一个英语辩论赛的形式，是以美国高校的“公共论坛辩论”为基础来设计的。故选B。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：乍一看，该事件带带有特权的印记。A. challenge挑战；B. democracy民主；C. economy经济；D. privilege特权。根据下文的“It uses the classrooms at a bilingual private boarding school in Wuhan with its own golf course and an ice-hockey team coached b
80、y imported Russians.”可知，该辩论赛使用的场地非常高级，因此乍一看好像带着特权。故选D。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但该辩论不是针对大城市的精英。A. amateurs业余爱好者；B. elites精英；C. inhabitants居民；D. migrants移民。根据下文的“It is run by the National High School Debate League of China”可知，该辩论赛是为高中生设计的，而不是大城市的精英们。故选B。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它是由中国高中辩论联盟主办的，该联盟每年在中国几十个城市举办比赛。A.
81、 enters进入；B. exposes暴露；C. issues签；D. stages举行、筹划。结合常识和下文的“contests in dozens of Chinese cities each year”可知，此处是指该联盟每年在中国的几十个城市举办辩论赛。故选D。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一次的辩论吸引了来自九个城市的1318岁的学生。A. converted使转变；B. convinced使相信；C. drawn吸引；D. withdrawn撤退。根据下文的“pupils, aged 13-18, from nine cities.”可知，此处是指这次辩论赛吸引了来自九
82、个城市的参赛选手。故选C。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：议题是：各国应把适应气候变化置于减缓气候变化之上。A. emergency紧急情况；B. guarantee保证；C. priority优先；D. sympathy同情。根据语境可知，辩论赛的议题是指我们要首先考虑如何适应气候变化，而不是缓解。 give priority to ，优先考虑、放在首要位置，故选C。【51题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：两人还准备好了辩论相反观点的演讲，以防掷硬币的结果是相反的。A. in the way阻碍；B. its own way自己的方式；C. the other way相反；D. unde
83、r way在进行。根据上文的“the pair also had speeches arguing the opposite ready”可知，准备相反观点的演讲，是为了避免掷硬币时结果相反，即会被要求辩论反方观点。故选C。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不像美国，辩论俱乐部通常由能言善辩、自信的男孩主导，在中国，大多数参赛选手都是女孩。A. advocated倡导；B. dominated占主导地位；C. monitored监管；D. presented提出。根据下文的“most contestants in the Chinese league are girls.”可知，和中国不一
84、样的是，美国的辩论俱乐部通常是男孩较多、占主导地位。故选B。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：联盟执行董事Liam Mather说，在一个仍然以男性为中心的社会，有机会进行强有力的辩论并因此受到称赞，这是一种罕见的吸引力。A. exam考试；B. male男性；C. money金钱；D. power权利。结合常识和上文的“Of its 20 highest-ranked debaters, 16 are female.”可知，此处是指在一个仍然以男性为中心的社会，前20名最佳辩手里有16个都是女性，这是非常罕见且引人注目的。故选B。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们精彩的表现让两
85、个准备不足的男孩目瞪口呆。A. illiterate不识字的；B. ill-prepared准备不足的；C. unexpected意料之外的；D. unpredictable不能预测的。根据句意可知，此处是指冠军的表现让两个男孩目瞪口呆，这充分说明这两人准备不足。故选B。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ms Chen 最初喜欢英语辩论的原因是“我是一个爱争论的人。”A. dreaded害怕；B. fancied喜爱；C. ignored忽视；D. tolerated容忍。根据下文的“Im kind of an argumentative person”可知，Ms Chen喜欢辩论。故选B
86、。Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AAn Americ
87、an exploration company, the Nauticos Corporation, has found the wreck of an ancient Greek ship in a very deep area of the Mediterranean Sea. It may be the deepest ancient shipwreck ever found. The discovery questions a long-held idea that ancient sailors didnt have skills needed to guide ships in op
88、en seas.The ancient ship lay more than 3,000 meters below the surface of the Mediterranean. The wreck was more than 489 kilometers from the Island of Corsica. Scientists believe the ship is about 2,300 years old.The company was looking for an Israeli submarine that had disappeared more than thirty y
89、ears ago. Nauticos official Thomas Dettweiler said two company ships were searching for the Israeli submarine. He supervised the operation from a ship with sonar equipment. A sonar system uses sound waves to find and identify objects under the water. A second ship carried a vehicle for deep-sea sear
90、ches.During the search, one ships sonar began making strange sounds. Mr. Dettweiler thought this meant they had found the lost submarine. He ordered the other ship to send down the deep-sea vehicle to search.But a video camera on the vehicle did not show a submarine. Instead, it showed many large cl
91、ay containers lying on the bottom of the sea. These containers are called amphoras. Mr. Dettweiler was excited. He says he knew that the 2,000 amphoras they had found meant they had discovered an important shipwreck. In ancient times such containers held wine, olive oil and other goods.Nauticos and
92、the scientists hope to do more research in the area soon. Mr. Dettweiler believes four other ancient ships may be nearby. He says finding shipwrecks from different time periods could be especially important. It could be the first evidence of continued open-sea trading in the ancient world.56. Which
93、of the following statements is NOT true?A. It is still believed that ancient sailors didnt know how to guide ships in open sea.B. The ancient ship was discovered by an American exploration company.C. The exploration company happened to find the ancient ship in the sea.D. More ancient ships were like
94、ly to be discovered in the neighborhood of the wreck.57. A sonar system _.A. helps people to find any objectB. can only be used to look for shipsC. is a technology related to sea wavesD. can only be used under the water58. The company knew they had found an ancient shipwreck when _.A. The sonar syst
95、em began to make soundsB. The video camera showed the picture of a wrecked shipC. They found amphoras, clay containers for wine or oilD. They found wine, olive oil and other products under the sea59. Mr. Dettweiler hopes to find more ancient ships because _.A. the ancient ships are useful even for t
96、odays tradingB. these ancient ships show the importance of trading in open seasC. they are important in the Greek historyD. they may prove there was open-sea trading in ancient times.【答案】56. A 57. D 58. C 59. D【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章讲述了一家美国探测公司在海底找到了一艘古希腊沉船，从而引发了一些列探究。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段 “The discovery quest
97、ions a long-held idea that ancient sailors didnt have skills needed to guide ships in open seas.”（这一发现质疑了一个长期存在的观点，即古代水手不具备在公海上引导船只的技能。）可知“人们仍然相信古代的水手不知道如何在公海上引导船只”这个表述是错误的。故选A。【57题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段 “A sonar system uses sound waves to find and identify objects under the water.”（声纳系统利用声波来寻找和识别水下物体。）可知
98、声纳系统是用声波在水下勘测确定物体，即声纳系统只能在水下使用。故选D。【58题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段 “He says he knew that the 2,000 amphoras they had found meant they had discovered an important shipwreck. In ancient times such containers held wine, olive oil and other goods.”（他说，他知道他们发现的2000双耳罐意味着他们发现了一艘重要的沉船。在古代，这种容器装着酒、橄榄油和其他物品。）可知，当他们发现装酒或者
99、油的陶罐时，公司发现了一艘古代沉船。故选C。【59题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段 “It could be the first evidence of continued open-sea trading in the ancient world.”（这可能是古代世界继续进行远洋贸易的第一个证据。）可知德特韦勒先生希望找到更多的古代船只，因为它们可以证明古代有远洋贸易。故选D。BRead the following three posts from the website, , and answer the questions. CJ 31, social workerI wish I
100、had given the plain-looking guys a second chance while I was at school. I always went for handsome, athletic types. So, where am I today? Married to a good-looking fool. A handsome man who has no heart, no sympathy, and no love for anyone but himself. I sometimes visit my family back in my hometown
101、and occasionally I run into old classmates the plain-looking guys. And what do I see now? Very intelligent, warm, funny men who are everything I want, but will never have in a husband. Mia, 22, photographerWhen I was at school, I played in most of the school sports teams. I remember one year our foo
102、tball team had to win the last game to get into the finals. Three minutes of the game left and we needed to score. I got control of the ball and ran towards the goal. Our captain was right next to me shouting “go on, take a shot.” But I picked and passed the ball to her. She shot and missed. If only
103、 I hadnt passed the ball. I knew immediately that if I had taken the shot, I would have scored. Ever since that game Ive always taken every opportunity I could. Ben, 52, mechanicI wish I had listened to my parents more when I was a teenager. Thinking back, they gave me lots of good advice but I igno
104、red everything they said. I thought they were old and didnt know anything. Now I have got two teenagers of my own, and I realize how right they were.If I had listened to them, I might have made some better decisions in my life. I would have gone to university and probably waited a bit before I got m
105、arried. I hope my daughters will listen to me more than I listened to my parents.60. Which of the following might be the best title of the first post?A. Missed OpportunitiesB. Plain-looking GuysC. Classmates Know BestD. Beauty Is in the Eye of the Beholder61. Mia wished that _ in the football game.A
106、. she had taken the shotB. she had passed the ball to another personC. she hadnt missed the goalD. she hadnt got control of the ball62. When Ben was a teenager, he _.A. was determined to go to universityB. often turned to his parents for adviceC. looked up to everything that his parents saidD. thoug
107、ht he could make good decisions for himself【答案】60. A 61. A 62. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇论坛节选。文章列出了三个网页上的帖子，帖子的内容是关于发帖人对于过去很后悔的事情。【详解】1.主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句“I wish I had given the plain-looking guys a second chance while I was at school. ”（我希望我在学校的时候能给相貌平平的男生第二次机会。）可知，本段主要是讲作者很后悔在学校的时候外貌协会，没有给相貌平平的男生，现在感到很后悔，但是这些机会都已经
108、错过了。所以标题应为“错过的机会”。故选A。2.细节理解题。根据第三段倒第二句和倒第三句“If only I hadnt passed the ball. I knew immediately that if I had taken the shot, I would have scored. ”（要是我没有传球就好了。我立刻意识到，如果我出手，我就会得分。）可知，Mia希望自己当时能够把握机会，而不是把球传给别人。故选A。3.推理判断题。根据第四段第二句和第三句“Thinking back, they gave me lots of good advice but I ignored eve
109、rything they said. I thought they were old and didnt know anything.”（回想起来，他们给了我很多好的建议，但我忽略了他们说的一切。我以为他们老了，什么都不知道。）和第五段第一句“If I had listened to them, I might have made some better decisions in my life. ”（如果我当时听了他们的话，我可能会在生活中做出一些更好的决定。）可知，Ben在年轻时认为自己的父母老了，他们的建议并没有用处，认为自己才能做出很好的决定。故选D。CImagine eating e
110、verything delicious you want with none of the fat. That would be great, wouldnt it?New fake fat products appeared on store shelves in the United States recently, but not everyone is happy about it. Makers of the products, which contain a compound called olestra, say food manufacturers can now elimin
111、ate fat from certain foods. Critics, however, say the new compound can rob the body of essential vitamins and nutrients and can also cause unpleasant side effects in some people. So its up to consumers to decide whether the new fat-free products taste good enough to keep eating.Chemists discovered o
112、lestra in the late 1960s, when they were searching for a fat that could be digested by infants more easily. Instead of finding the desired fat, the researchers created a fat that cant be digested at all.Normally, special chemical in the intestines（肠）grab molecules of regular fat and break them down
113、so they can be used by the body. A molecule of regular fat is made up of three molecules of substances called fatty acids.The fatty acids are absorbed by the intestines and bring with them the essential vitamins A, D, E and K. When fat molecules are present in the intestines with any of those vitami
114、ns, the vitamins attach to the molecules and are carried into the bloodstream.Olestra, which is made from six to eight molecules of fatty acids, is too large for the intestines to absorb. It just slides through the intestines without being broken down. Manufacturers say its that ability to slide unc
115、hanged through the intestines that makes olestra so valuable as a fat substitute. It provides consumers with the taste of regular fat without any bad effects on the body. But critics say olestra can prevent vitamins A, D, E and K from being absorbed. It can also prevent the absorption of carotenoids
116、（类胡萝卜素）, compounds that may reduce the risk of cancer, heart disease, etc.Manufacturers are adding vitamins A, D, E and K as well as carotenoids to their products now. Even so, some nutritionists are still concerned that people might eat unlimited amounts of food made with the fat substitute without
117、 worrying about how many calories they are consuming.63. From the article, we learn that olestra _.A. is nutritious, containing plenty of carotenoidsB. renders foods calorie-free while retaining their vitaminsC. helps foods to be highly absorbent and digestibleD. makes foods fat-free while keeping t
118、hem delicious64. The result of the search for an easily digestible fat turned out to be _.A. commercially uselessB. scientifically challengingC. somewhat troublesomeD. quite unexpected65. Olestra is different from ordinary fats in that _.A. it passes through the intestines without being absorbedB. i
119、t facilitates the absorption of vitamins by the bodyC. it helps reduce the incidence of heart diseaseD. it prevents excessive intake of vitamins66. With vitamins added to olestra, nutritionists are left with the concern that _.A. it may lead to the over-consumption of vitamins.B. people may be induc
120、ed to eat more than is necessary.C. the function of the intestines may be weakened.D. it may trigger a new wave of fake food production.【答案】63. D 64. D 65. A 66. B【解析】本文为说明文。文章讲解科学家制造出一种脂肪替代品Olestra （奥利斯特拉）和Olestra的作用，能够保持食物的美味，减少患癌症，心脏病的风险等。 【63题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Makers of the products, which contain
121、a compound called olestra, say food manufacturers can now eliminate fat from certain foods. （这种含有一种叫做奥利斯特拉的化合物的产品制造商说，食品制造商现在可以从某些食品中去除脂肪。）”可知，olestra可以使事物不含脂肪同时保持美味。故选D项。【64题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ Instead of finding the desired fat, the researchers created a fat that cant be digested at all.（研究人员没有找到想要的脂肪
122、，而是制造了一种根本不能消化的脂肪。）”可知，科学人员在寻找消化脂肪的结果时，出乎意料地研究出了一种不能消化的脂肪。故选D项。【65题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“But critics say olestra can prevent vitamins A, D, E and K from being absorbed. It can also prevent the absorption of carotenoids（类胡萝卜素）, compounds that may reduce the risk of cancer, heart disease, etc.（但批评人士说，奥利斯特拉可以
123、防止维生素A、D、E和K被吸收。它还可以防止类胡萝卜素的吸收,化合物可以减少患癌症的风险,心脏病等。）”可知，olestra有助于降低心脏病的发病率。故选A项。【66题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“ some nutritionists are still concerned that people might eat unlimited amounts of food made with the fat substitute without worrying about how many calories they are consuming.（一些营养学家仍然担心，人们可能会无限制地吃用
124、脂肪替代品制成的食物，而不用担心他们消耗了多少卡路里。）”可知，营养家担心人们被诱导吃得比需要的多。故选B项。Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Suppose you become a leader in an organizatio
125、n. Its very likely that youll want to have volunteers to help with the organizations activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.Lets begin with the question of why people volunteer. _67_ For example, people volunte
126、er to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you
127、 wish to attract.People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory (义务的) volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can shift peoples wish of participation from an internal factor (e.g., “I volunteer becaus
128、e its important to me”) to an external factor (e.g., “I volunteer because Im required to do so”). When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future. _68_Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers
129、have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positi
130、ons. _69_ The researchers note that attention should be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”.Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual di
131、fferences in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role. _70_ Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am.” Consistent with the researchers expectations
132、, they found a positive relationship between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer. These results, once again, lead to definite advice: “Once an individual begins volunteering, continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity. Items l
133、ike T-shirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity”.A. People volunteer mainly out of academic requirements.B. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must.C. It was assumed that those peop
134、le for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work.D. Individual differences are most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work.E. Although this result may not surprise you, it leads to important practical advice
135、.F. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved.【答案】67. F 68. B 69. E 70. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，分析了人们从事志愿工作的原因。【67题详解】空后说例如，人们志愿表达与无私有关的个人价值观，扩大他们的经验范围，并加强社会关系，这是对空处的举例说明，因此空处应该会提到让人们参与志愿服务的因素，故F项（研究人员发现了几个促使人们参与志愿服务的因素）符合语境。【68题详解】空前说这些项目可以将人们的参与意愿从一个内部因素（例如，“我志愿服务是
136、因为对我很重要”）转变为一个外部因素（例如，“我志愿服务是因为我必须这样做”），当这种情况发生时，人们在以后不太可能成为志愿者，此处是对人们的参与意愿的一个总结，故B项（当人们把志愿活动作为一种必须时，他们必须对这种可能性保持敏感）符合语境。【69题详解】空前说研究人员发现，作为志愿者，影响他们满意度的最重要因素之一是他们在志愿者岗位上经历的受苦程度，此处承接上文，是对这个研究结果的评价，故E项（虽然这个结果可能不会让你惊讶，但它会带来重要的实用建议）符合语境。【70题详解】空前说另一项针对芝加哥医院302名志愿者的研究集中在人们将“志愿者”视为重要社会角色的程度上的个体差异，此处承接上文，讲
137、的是社会角色与志愿者之间的关系，故C项（人们认为，那些以志愿者身份为主要身份的人也最有可能继续从事志愿者工作）符合语境。【点睛】在六选四的解题过程中，空后出现的for example和for instance往往是重要线索，因为这通常是对空处的举例说明，例如本篇第1题，根据空后的“For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships
138、.”可知，例如，人们志愿表达与无私有关的个人价值观，扩大他们的经验范围，并加强社会关系，“For example”表明所提到的几个原因是对空处的举例说明，因此空处应该会提到让人们参与志愿服务的因素，故F项（研究人员发现了几个促使人们参与志愿服务的因素）符合语境。IV. Productive GrammarDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given
139、 word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.When leaders from the European Council gathered for a group photo in Brussels last week, it was hard to miss the class newbie._71_ (stand) front and center among the neat ro
140、ws of middle-aged men was Finlands new prime minister 34-year-old Sanna Marin. The young woman had a huge smile on her face. And why not, _72_ her trailblazing new status as the worlds youngest sitting prime minister.The former transport minister shot to worldwide fame earlier this month after the l
141、eader of her Social Democratic Party stepped down. She now heads Finlands governing coalition of five parties, all of _73_ have female leaders, and almost all under the age of 35. Its a remarkable line-up: the countrys leaders have traditionally been _74_ (old) men. Marins youth and gender “make her
142、 stand out from her predecessors, who for the most part have been males in _75_ 50s,” said Timo Miettinen, researcher at Helsinki Universitys Department of Political and Economic Studies.Finland was the first country in the world _76_ (elect) women to parliament, a little over a century ago. In that
143、 time, there have been just two female prime ministers before Marin, each _77_ (serve) for no longer than a year. Once working as a cashier, _78_ role Estonias interior minister this week mocked, Marin entered politics at 20 and quickly moved up the ranks of the center-left Social Democratic Party.
144、At 27 she became Tampere City Council leader, and three years later an MP. Marin gives the impression “of a very principled person” and her politics _79_ (sit) to the left of her party supporting increasing refugee intakes and raising taxes to support the welfare state. The big challenge for Marin n
145、ow will be uniting her Social Democratic Party. With the rise of the nationalist Finns Party, there is a real threat that they will attract dissatisfied Social Democratic voters. Shortly after Marin became prime minister, its leader, Jussi Halla-aho tweeted his congratulations, with an emoji of a bu
146、cket of popcorn. “It was an acid way of saying good luck with the future, _80_ you will still have all the problems that you had before,” said Miettinen.【答案】71. Standing 72. given/considering 73. which 74. older 75. their 76. to elect 77. serving 78. a 79. sit 80. because/as【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了34岁的Sann
147、a Marin成为芬兰，也是全球最年轻的总理。【71题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：站在一排整齐的中年男子中间的是芬兰新总理34岁的桑娜马林。分析句子可知，本句为动名词做主语。故填Standing。【72题详解】考查介词。句意：鉴于她作为世界上最年轻的现任首相的开创性新地位，为什么不呢。根据句意，空处填considering/given (that)“鉴于而言,考虑到”。given/considering为介词。 故填given/considering。【73题详解】考查定语从句。句意：她现在领导芬兰五个政党组成的执政联盟，这些政党都有女性领导人，而且几乎都在35岁以下。分析句子可知，five
148、parties为先行词，作介词of的宾语，关系代词为which。 故填which。【74题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：这是一个引人注目的阵容：这个国家的领导人传统上都是年纪较大的男性。根据句意表示年龄较大的，所以用形容词比较级older。故填older。【75题详解】考查代词。句意：赫尔辛基大学政治与经济研究系研究员Timo miiettinen说，马林的年轻和性别“使她从她的前任中脱颖而出，前任大多是50多岁的男性。” in ones +基数词的复数形式，表示“在多大时”，根据“males” 可知，空处填their。故填their。【76题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一个多世纪以前，芬兰是
149、世界上第一个选举女性进入议会的国家。“the +序数词+名词”后接动词不定式作后置定语。故填to elect。【77题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在此期间，在马林之前只有两位女总理，任期都不超过一年。本句已经有谓语，所以空处为非谓语动词，each与serve在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填serving。【78题详解】考查冠词。句意：马林曾是一名出纳(爱沙尼亚内政部长本周嘲笑了这一职位)，20岁时进入政界，并迅速晋升到中左翼社会民主党。role为可数名词，本句表示泛指“这一职位”且role首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。【79题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：马林给人的印象是“一个非常
150、有原则的人”，她的政治立场处于党内的左派支持增加难民进入，提高税收以支持国家。根据“Marin gives ”可知，本句为一般现在时，主语politics“个人政治观点”为复数形式，所以谓语为sit。为故填sit。【80题详解】考查连词。句意：米耶蒂宁说:“这是一种表达祝你未来好运的尖刻的方式，因为你仍然会遇到以前遇到的所有问题”。分析句意可知，前后表示因果关系，所以本句为because/as引导的原因状语从句。 故填because/as。V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, usin
151、g the words given in the brackets.81. 这些商人发现很容易凭借生育高峰获益。(it; benefit)(汉译英)【答案】These businessmen find it very easy to benefit from/by the baby boom.【解析】【详解】考查代词it，固定句型和动词时态。根据汉语提示可知，本句陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；“这些商人”表达为these businessmen，该词组作为句子主语; “发现做某事容易”为固定句型，表达为find it very easy to do sth.，find作为句子谓语，因主语是复数
152、，且为一般现在，故谓语动词用原形；“从生育高峰中获益”表达为benefit from/by the baby boom。再结合其他汉语提示，故本句翻译为：These businessmen find it very easy to benefit from/by the baby boom.82. 在医生的警告下，没有病人不遵循素食主义饮食了。(but) (汉译英)【答案】(Having been) Warned by the doctor(s), there was no patient but followed a vegetarian diet.【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词、名词、动词
153、和there be句型。表示“警告”用动词warn，在此句中，patient与warn构成动宾关系，因此使用warn的过去分词作状语；在此句中还可以用现在分词作状语，“警告”的动作发生在“遵循素食主义饮食”之前，故用现在分词的完成式，“病人”和“警告”之间是被动关系，用现在分词的完成式的被动形式。此处的医生可以用单数或者复数形式。故前半句可以翻译为(Having been) Warned by the doctor(s)。表示“素食主义者”用名词vegetarian，饮食为diet。句子中“没有病人不遵循素食主义饮食了”follow遵循、遵守；but表示“除了”；表示有有There be句型。
154、故后半句翻译为 “there was no patient but followed a vegetarian diet.”故翻译为(Having been) Warned by the doctor(s), there was no patient but followed a vegetarian diet.83. 如果你参与赌博，你将面临失去所有财产的风险，这一点是常识。(risk v.) (汉译英)【答案】It is common sense/knowledge that if you are involved in gambling, you will risk losing all
155、 your money/possessions/property.【解析】【详解】考查it作形式主语、条件状语从句、短语和名词。“这一点”指的是“如果你参与赌博，你将面临失去所有财产的风险”这件事情，可以用it 作形式主语，“常识”应该用名词“sense或者knowledge”；根据句意“如果.将”，可以用条件状语从句，短语be involved in 意为“参与， 被卷入”，在条件状语从句中作谓语；“财产”可翻译为“money或者 possessions或者property”。故翻译为：It is common sense/knowledge that if you are involved
156、 in gambling, you will risk losing all your money/possessions/property.84. 与一般学生不同，Simon会充分利用时间复习所学知识，因而取得了好成绩。(contrast; thus) (汉译英)【答案】In contrast to/with average students, Simon can make the best/full use of time to review what he has learned, thus getting good marks/achieving good results.【解析】【详
157、解】考查固定短语/宾语从句/非谓语动词。根据提示词，表示“与不同”应用固定短语“In contrast to/with”；表示“一般”应用形容词“average”作学生(students)的定语，所以In contrast to/with average students 表示“与一般学生不同”，作状语修饰句子。表示“充分利用”应用固定短语“make the best/full use of”；表示“复习”应用动词“review”；表示“他所学的知识”应用句子“what he has learned”，作review的宾语；表示“因此”用“thus”；表示“取得好成绩”应用分词短语“getti
158、ng good marks/achieving good results”作结果状语。句意描述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：In contrast to/with average students, Simon can make the best/full use of time to review what he has learned, thus getting good marks/achieving good results.85. 在毕业典礼上，大屏幕上展示的军训时期的照片使我们回想起进高中时青涩而懵懂的模样。（remind）(汉译英)【答案】At the
159、 graduation ceremony/commencement, the photos (displayed/shown) on the big screen during the military training reminded us of how immature and ignorant we were /our immaturity and ignorance when entering the high school.【解析】【详解】考查时态和固定短语。根据汉语句意可知，本句谓语动词需用一般过去时；在毕业典礼上“at the graduation ceremony/comme
160、ncement”，固定短语，作状语，the photos (displayed/shown) on the big screen “大屏幕上展示的照片”，此处过去分词displayed/shown作后置定语修饰名词photos，during the military training“在军训期间”；remind提醒，作主句的谓语，其结构为remind sb. of 使某人想起，此处谓语动词需用一般过去时，介词of可以接how引导宾语从句，how immature and ignorant we were“青涩而懵懂的模样”，介词of后也可以接“our immaturity and ignora
161、nce 青涩而懵懂的模样”作宾语，when entering the high school.“当进入高中时”，“进入高中”与其逻辑主语“我们”之间是主动关系，用现在分词作时间状语，句首单词首字母需大写。故翻译为At the graduation ceremony/commencement, the photos (displayed/shown) on the big screen during the military training reminded us of how immature and ignorant we were /our immaturity and ignoranc
162、e when entering the high school.。VI. Guided Writing86. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150words according to the instructions given below.Please write a letter to your former class teacher, describing your school life at present time, and your plan in your senior high school.【答案】Dear
163、 Teacher, Ill never forget the days we spent together. It is your effort that helps me to be admitted to the key senior school. I know you care about me, so I write the letter to you and introduce my life here.Now I live a busy and happy life. I have more subjects to learn than junior school. My cla
164、ssmates are not only smart but also work hard, for which I have to make full use of every minute to be as excellent as they are. Luckily, tired as I am , my classmates and teachers are friendly to me. I have made quite a few friends. We often help each other in life. Because of hard work, I have mad
165、e rapid progress in the mid-exam. I intend to learn science because I am good at physics. I want to be an engineer in the future. Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Mike【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给以前的初中班主任老师写一封信，信中请描述现在的高一的学习和生活，以及今后高中学习的打算。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，一般过去时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句
166、作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：Please write a letter to your former class teacher, describing your school life at present time, and your plan in your senior high school.(请给你以前的班主任写一封信，描述你目前的学校生活，以及你在高中的计划)第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）forget; be admitted to; key senior school; care about; introduce; live alife; not
167、onlybut also; make full use of; excellent; be friendly to; make friends; each other; because of; make rapid progress; be good at; in the future第三步：连词成句1.Ill never forget the days we spent together. 2. It is your effort that helps me to be admitted to the key senior school.3. I know you care about me
168、, so I write the letter to you and introduce my life here.4. Now I live a busy and happy life.5. I have more subjects to learn than junior school.6. My classmates are not only smart but also work hard, for which I have to make full use of every minute to be as excellent as them.7. Luckily, tired as
169、I am , my classmates and teachers are friendly to me.8. I have made quite a few friends.9. We often help each other in life.10. Because of hard work, I have made rapid progress in the mid-exam.11. I intend to learn science because I am good at physics.12. I want to be an engineer in the future.根据提示及
170、关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表并列补充关系：not onlybut also2.表因果关系：Because, So 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 It is your effort that helps me to be admitted to the key senior school. (运用了强调句)高分句型2 My classmates are not only smart but also work hard, for which I have to make full use of every minute to be as excellent as them. (运用了“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句)