1、上海市建平中学2019-2020学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）说明：（1）本场考试时间为90分钟，总分100分；（2）请认真答卷，并用规范文字书写。I. Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations an
2、d the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. At a gas station. B. At an airport.C. At a train station. D. At a bus station.2
3、. A. $5. B. $10. C. $14. D. $40.3. A. Receptionist and guest.B. Teacher and student.C. Doctor and patient.D. Waiter and diner.4. A. She has got everything ready.B. She never hesitates over what to take.C. She hates packing by herself.D. She needs more time for packing.5. A. They should wait for John
4、 for a while.B. They should stay here for the night.C. They should start the meeting right away.D. They should call John at once.6. A. Reasonable. B. Bright. C. Serious. D. Ridiculous.7. A. She isnt in the mood to travel.B. France is too far for family holiday.C. Family holiday no longer interests h
5、er.D. She has had too many holidays this year.8. A. Send leaflets. B. Go sightseeing. C. Do some gardening. D. Visit a lawyer.9. A. The man is too forgetful.B. The man shouldnt get annoyed.C. The man has too many keys.D. The man should attend more lessons.10 A. He wants to live in apartments.B. He t
6、hinks his signature is unnecessary.C. He has already signed a contract.D. He doesnt always say what he means.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the
7、conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Use the c
8、ompanys equipment. B. Give orders to robots.C. Make decisions for the company. D. Act as Big Brother.12. A. Employees gain full freedom.B. Employees suspect one another.C. Employees children are happy.D. Employees enjoy working there.13. A. Reward. B. Safety. C. Trust. D. Honesty.Questions 14 throug
9、h 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Educating children. B. Saving rare animals.C. Recreating an environment. D. Making a profit.15. A. Animals make visitors stressful.B. Animals must live their lives in cages.C. Animals can feel bored and sad.D. Animals are in danger of extinction.16. A.
10、They are still useful and necessary.B. They have more disadvantages than advantages.C. They are a perfect environment for animals.D. They are recreational places for animals.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It comes from the heart.B. Its something you have to th
11、ink about.C. It never gets boring.D. Its not a feeling or an emotion.18. A. She had long black hair.B. She wore black leather clothes.C. She never wore pants.D. She wore blue jeans.19. A. Up Your Alley. B. The Blackhearts.C. Cary Glitter. D. Sly and the Family Stone.20. A. She didnt actually have mu
12、ch influence.B. People still dont understand her.C. She still wants to perform.D. She is a star on the stage.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences.1. There _ be less risk of climbing to the summit since we have made adequate prepara
13、tions for it.A. shouldB. shallC. needD. would【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：由于我们做了充分的准备，所以登顶的风险应该没有那么大。这里考查的是情态动词的辨析。A. should应该；B. shall将会；表将来要发生的事情C. need需要；D. would会，比较委婉的说法。此处根据句意和后面since引导的因果关系的从句表达的意思可以得知应该是“应该”的意思。故选A。2. Top students are not merely those who sit up late and study. It is efficiency _
14、matters.A. thatB. howC. whatD. which【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查强调句。句意：优等生不仅仅是那些熬夜学习的学生。效率才是最重要的。分析句子结构可知，去掉空前It is和空格可知，句子结构依然完整，由此可知，本句是强调句型，其构成为：It is+被强调部分+that+其它，所以空处需用that。故选A。3. The reason _ girls outperform boys at all levels of education is _ girls mature faster than boys and are more disciplined and c
15、onscientious.A. why, becauseB. how, thatC. how, becauseD. why, that【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查关系词和连接词。句意：女孩在教育的所有阶段都要胜出男孩一筹的理由是女孩比男孩成熟的要快的多，而且更自律更认真细心。这里考查的是固定句型的连词使用。使用的句型是the reason why is that 。why引导的是定语从句，从句中作原因状语。that引导表语从句。故选D4. Multitasking reduces the quality of our work _ it makes it hard for us to org
16、anize thoughts and remove irrelevant information.A. thoughB. asC. whileD. if【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查从属连词词义辨析。句意：多任务处理降低了我们的工作质量，因为它使我们很难组织思想和删除无关信息。A. though尽管；B. as因为；C. while然而，当时候；D .if如果。根据前后句意可知，空处需用as引导原因状语从句。故选B。5. Students should involve themselves in community activities they can gain experience for
17、 growth.A. whoB. whenC. whichD. where【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：学生应该参加社团活动，在那里他们可以获得成长的经验。首先分析句子结构，可知这里含有一个限定性定语从句，且关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选D。【点睛】被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它需要放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。定语从句一般由关系代词来引导。关系代词必须放在定语从句之首。定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。6. Th
18、e forest fire _on March 30 in Muli County in Sichuan claimed the lives of 27 Chinese firefighters and four volunteers.A. was brokenB. that was broken outC. broke outD. that broke out【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：3月30日发生在四川木里县的森林大火夺走了27名中国消防员和4名志愿者的生命。此处为定语从句修饰先行词The forest fire，且先行词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词that或wh
19、ich，结合后文on March 30可知为一般过去时。break out为不及物动词短语，没有被动语态，故排除B；A、C选项分别为在句中作谓语的情况，本句谓语动词为claimed，故排除A和C选项。故选D。7. Governments of some countries see it as their responsibility _ the amount and kind of risk their citizens are exposed to.A. controlsB. controlledC. has controlledD. to control【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语
20、动词。句意：一些国家的政府把控制市民接触的危险的数量和种类看作他们的责任。分析句子可知，see后的it是形式宾语，应用不定式作为真正宾语，故选D项。8. Since living in the country is cheap _ with that in big cities, my grandpa decided to spend the rest of his life in the country.A. in combinationB. in comparisonC. in contactD. in connection【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查介词词组辨析。句意：由于住在乡下比住
21、在大城市要便宜，我爷爷决定在乡下度过他的余生。A. in combination联合；B. in comparison相比较；C. in contact联系；D. in connection连接。这里空格前面和后面有一个对比逻辑关系隐含在里面， 故使用in comparison。故选B。Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in
22、 each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.My daughter(A story told by a father, a famous actor)My wife and I only had the one child. We had Amy.I see her as my best friend. I think shed always come to me first if she had a proble
23、m. We have the same sense of humor, and share interests. _9_ I dont mind animals, shes completely fascinated with them, and she has always had dogs, cats, horses, and goldfish in her life.We were _10_ (close) when she was about four, which I think is a lovely age for a child. They know the parents b
24、est, and dont have outside contacts. She must have grown up suddenly when she went to school, because I remember her growing away from her family slightly. Any father who has a teenager daughter comes across an extraordinary collection of people, and there seemed to be an endless stream of strange y
25、oung men _11_ (come) through our house. By the time I learned their names they _12_ (go) away and I had to start learning a new lot.I wanted more than anything else for her to be happy in _13_ she was doing, and I was prepared to pull strings to help her on her way. When she left a good school she d
26、ecided she wanted to become an actress so I got her into drama school. It wasnt to her liking so she joined a theatre group and began doing bits and pieces in films. She was doing well, but then gave it up. She probably found it boring. Then she took up social work, and finally went to work _14_a de
27、signer and he became her husband. And thats really the story of her life. She must be happy with himtheyre always together.We have such similar tastes in books and music _15_ I used to take her to see an opera, which is my big passion. However, I dont think she likes it very much. She doesnt come wi
28、th me anymore. I dont think shes a big television watcher. She knows when Im on the television, and she _16_ watch, but I dont know. Its not the kind of thing she tells me.Were very grateful for Amy. Shes a good daughter as daughters go. Were looking forward to being grandparents.【答案】9. Though 10. c
29、losest 11. coming 12. had gone 13. what 14. for 15. that 16. might【解析】本文是一篇记叙自己女儿成长经历以及自己与女儿共处时间文章。【9题详解】考查连词。句意：虽然我不介意动物，但她完全被它们迷住了。前文We have the same sense of humor, and share interests.我们有相同的幽默感，分享着共同的兴趣，下文中我不介意动物。和后面一句and she has always had dogs, cats, horses, and goldfish in her life.她总是养狗、猫、马匹
30、还有金鱼。构成转折让步关系。故此处也应该填上表达转折让步关系的Though。故填Though。【10题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：当她大约四岁时，我们变得最亲密，那个年纪我觉得对一个孩子来说是一个很可爱的年纪。根据下文They know the parents best, 他们最了解他们的父母。这里考查形容词的最高级作表语表示关系亲密，故填closest。【11题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那儿好像总是有川流不息的陌生年轻人进出我们家。这里的句型是there seemed to be而an endless stream of strange young men作后面部分的逻辑主语，因此后面应
31、该是表示进出的状态而用分欸有动词的现在分词形式coming。故填coming。【12题详解】考查时态。句意：道理我要了解他们的姓名时，他们却走了。这里主句是they away.因为前面使用的是过去时态加by介词作时间状语，故后面应该使用过去完成时态had gone来表达。故填had gone。【13题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我什么也不要，只想要她在她做她做的事情中得到快乐。这里in后面加上的是一个从句叫介词宾语从句，其连词应该是what。故填what。【14题详解】考查介词。句意：最后她为一个设计师工作，他成了她的丈夫。这里只能是介词for和work一起构成固定搭配，表示为谁工作的意思。故填
32、for。【15题详解】考查固定句型。句意：我们都有相似的看书和音乐的品味，以致于我曾经带她去观看歌剧，而歌剧是我最热爱的东西。这里考查的是suchthat句型。故填that。【16题详解】考查情态动词。句意：她知道我什么时候上电视，她也许看了，但我不知道。这里由于她看了后面的动词谓语是原形，前面应该使用情态动词表示猜测。因此此处只有可能是用了表示猜测的情态动词might来让其后面加上原形。故填might。Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can
33、 only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. behaviorB. challengingC. appearD. responsiveE. increasedF. shelteringG. commandH. evaluateI. bannedJ. similarK. frustrationPerhaps youve had to put up with a moody, uncooperative teenager. You may have been one yourself. A new stu
34、dy suggests that dogs go through a _17_ phase of stubbornness and disobedience when they hit puberty (青春期) at about eight months old.Looking at the behavior of a total of 378 dogs, researchers found that the animals were more obedient and more _18_ on either side of that eight-month periodbut only w
35、hen it came to their owners, not to less familiar trainers.So not only do dogs _19_ to have a difficult puberty just like we do, they also share the _20_ that we often feel towards our parents or caregivers when we hit our teenage years. That means a lot to long-term puppy care and _21_.“This is a v
36、ery important time in a dogs life,” says animal _22_ researcher Lucy Asher, from Newcastle University in the UK. “This is when dogs are often rehomed because they are no longer a cute little puppy and suddenly, their owners find they are more _23_ and they can no longer control them or train them.”“
37、But as with human teenage children, owners need to be aware that their dog is going through a phase and it will pass.”In one experiment with 93 Labrador retrievers golden retrievers and their cross breeds, the dogs at eight months old were found to take longer and be more reluctant to respond to a s
38、it _24_ given by their caregiver than they were when just five months old. The eight-month-olds didnt show the same stubbornness when the command was given by a stranger, though.The researchers found further evidence of this effect in survey data gathered on 285 Labradors, golden retrievers, German
39、shepherds and their cross breeds. Dog owners and trainers less familiar with the dogs were asked to _25_ the animals trainability by answering questions on obedience and how quickly commands were responded to.Again, the caregivers ranked their dogs as less obedient at eight months old compared with
40、five months old or 12 months old. The trainers reported the _26_ obedience between the ages of five months and eight months.【答案】17. J 18. D 19. C 20. K 21. F 22. A 23. B 24. G 25. H 26. E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了狗在8个月大的时候会经历与人相似的倔强叛逆的阶段，而这个阶段对于狗来说是很重要的。【17题详解】考查形容词。句意：一项新的研究显示，狗在8个月大的时候会经历相似的倔强叛逆的阶段。分
41、析可知，所选词应是形容词作定语修饰之后的名词phase（阶段；时期），结合后文“stubbornness and disobedience when they hit puberty at about eight months old”可知，狗在8个月出现的青春期叛逆行为和前文提及的青少年叛逆是类似的。J项“similar”，形容词，意为“类似的”，符合分析。故选J项。【18题详解】考查形容词。句意：研究人员观察了378只犬的行为，发现这些狗在8个月前后都更听话、反应更快，但只对主人这样，对不太熟悉的训导员就不会这样。分析可知，所选词应是形容词，与之前的“more obedient”为并列结构
42、，obedient，形容词，意为“顺从的；服从的”，用来形容狗的特点，因此所选词应同样用来形容狗的特点，选项D “responsive”，形容词，意为“迅速积极反应的”，符合分析。故选D项。【19题详解】考查动词。句意：所以狗不仅会像我们一样有一个麻烦的青春期，而且也和我们十多岁时一样，对父母或者照顾我们的人很失望。分析可知，所选词应是动词，在句中担当谓语，且与空后的动词不定式结合为固定结构，即“v+to do”形式。选项C“appear”，动词，意为“似乎；出现”，appear to do sth，“像”，用在句中表达“和我们一样，狗也有一个艰难的青春期”，符合句意和语境。故选C项。【20题
43、详解】考查名词。句意：所以狗不仅会像我们一样有一个麻烦的青春期，而且也和我们十多岁时一样，对父母或者照顾我们的人很失望。分析可知，所选词应是名词，结合后文从句“that we often feel towards our parents or caregivers when we hit our teenage years”可知，该名词应表达“当我们进入青春期时，我们经常会对父母或看护者产生”的消极情绪。选项K“frustration”，名词，意为“失望；沮丧”，符合语境分析。故选K项。【21题详解】考查名词。句意：这对长期犬类护理和保护意义重大。分析可知，所选词应与空前“care(关爱；关心
44、)”为同义词，且应是名词，选项F“sheltering”，名词，意为“庇护；保护”，符合语境分析。故选F项。【22题详解】考查名词。句意：来自英国纽卡斯尔大学的动物行为研究员Lucy Asher说：“这是狗生命中很重要的时期，通常都是在这时给它们找新主人，因为它们不再是小狗崽了，主人突然发现它们很让人伤脑筋，不好进行控制或训练。”分析可知，所选词应是名词，用来描述后文Lucy Asher的职业，根据前文她的表述“This is a very important time in a dogs life”可知，她应是研究狗的日常行为的科研人员。选项A“behavior”，名词，意为“行为；举止”，
45、符合句意和语境。故选A项。【23题详解】考查形容词。句意：来自英国纽卡斯尔大学的动物行为研究员Lucy Asher说：“这是狗生命中很重要的时期，通常都是在这时给它们找新主人，因为它们不再是小狗崽了，主人突然发现它们很让人伤脑筋，不好进行控制或训练。”分析可知，所选词应是形容词，句中担当表语用于解释狗在“青春期”的行为特点，结合前文“This is when dogs are often rehomed because they are no longer a cute little puppy and suddenly”可知，这个时期小狗不再可爱，主人无法再控制它们，因此它们此时的行为特点对
46、于主人来说应是有挑战性的。选项B“challenging”，形容词，意为“困难的；有挑战性的”，符合语境。故选B项。【24题详解】考查名词。句意：在对93只拉布拉多、金毛和它们杂交繁殖出的狗进行试验时发现，与5个月大的狗相比，8个月大的狗要花更多时间、也更不愿意对主人给出的“坐”的指令做出反应。分析可知，所选词应是名词，呼应空前“sit”，应是主人对狗发出的命令。选项G“command”，名词，意为“命令”。故选G项。【25题详解】考查动词。句意：他们让狗主人和对狗不太熟悉的训导员通过回答问题来评价这些狗的“可训练性”，问题涉及狗的服从性，以及对指令的反应速度。分析可知，所选词应是动词，根据后
47、文“by answering questions on obedience and how quickly commands were responded to”可知，“通过回答有关服从和命令如何迅速得到回应的问题”这种方式是用来评估可训练性的。选项H“evaluate”，动词，意为“评价；评估”，符合句意和语境要求。故选H项。【26题详解】考查形容词。句意：训导员报告说在5个月至8个月之间，狗的服从性呈上升趋势。分析可知，所选词应是形容词，句中作定语修饰空后的“obedience(服从性)”，结合前文“researchers found that the animals were more
48、obedient and more _2 _ on either side of that eight-month period”可知，8个月大狗的服从性是较高的。因此，形容词应用来表达“高的；上升的”含义。选项E“increased”，可作形容词，意为“增强的”，符合分析。故选E项。【点睛】如何确定空格为形容词（1）空格处前面或者后面为名词的，空格处应填入形容词；（2）空格处前面是副词的，空格处应填入形容词；（3）空格处前面是系动词或be动词的，空格处应填入形容词作表语。比如文章的第7题：“This is when dogs are often rehomed because they ar
49、e no longer a cute little puppy and suddenly, their owners find they are more _7_ and they can no longer control them or train them.”分析可知，第7题符合原则（3）空格处前面是系动词或be动词的，因此空格处应填入形容词作表语。结合句意进一步分析，“they can no longer control them or train them”可知，此阶段的狗是难驯养的。选项B“challenging”，形容词，意为“困难的；有挑战性的”，符合语境。故选B项。III.
50、Reading comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The secret to a successful sequel(续集)a secretKeeping the entire cast and crew of a film a se
51、cret is hard. But when its a massive movie like Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald, with some 700 people and 1,000 costumesincluding 400 coats aloneits next to _27_. All precautions are taken: characters are given code names, the smallest details are protected by nondisclosure agreements, a
52、nd digital scripts are encoded and _28_ after a certain amount of time in case of being copied and spread. Its not quite magic, but its close. The pressure to not reveal anythingeven _29_is enough to give Eddie Redmayne a difficult time. “Ive been sent this funny document which is _30_ with double-c
53、aps, triple-underlined notes saying, YOU CANT TALK ABOUT THIS,” says the Oscar winner, who returns as wizard Newt Scamander in the sequel, which continues the story of the earlier _31_. Does he ever tell anyone? He leans in and admits, a little _32_, that he does: his wife, Hannah Bagshawe. How have
54、 they successfully kept it a secret? It certainly helps that J. K. Rowling, the writer of the work, is the _33_ of keeping secrets. She famously claims to have known crucial plot points from her best-selling book series endgame years in advance. Also, Johnny Depps _34_ appearance in the moviethe act
55、or has been accused of domestic violence by his ex-wife Amber Heardas the dark wizard Grindelwald was kept under _35_ until just two weeks before the first film came out in 2016.Bearing this commitment to secrecy in mind, its no surprise that Rowling has _36_ the details to few people about how the
56、_37_ three movies in the proposed five-part series will playout. Even producer Tim Lewis, who has worked on eight Harry Potter installments, is _38_. “We havent seen scripts for the next one,” he says. “I am assuming Rowling knows the whole plan, but I couldnt say.”The earnings are high enough: the
57、first Fantastic Beasts movie reached $814 million. Thats a number most studios would _39_, but when it comes to Harry Potter, expectations start sky-high. In a world filled with universes based on existing intellectual propertyStar Wars, Marvelappreciation fatigue is always possible. But for now, th
58、e extreme enthusiasm shows no sign of_40_: Harry Potter and the Cursed Child, a play based on an idea by Rowling, is a critical and commercial_41_. For the Beasts sequel, analysts are already predicting an opening weekend of $65 million to $75 million.27. A. uselessB. impossibleC. successfulD. criti
59、cal28. A. recoveredB. releasedC. deletedD. split29. A. in controlB. by accidentC. for referenceD. in case30. A. coveredB. comparedC. armedD. furnished31. A. commercialB. adaptationC. imaginationD. reputation32. A. sadlyB. proudlyC. angrilyD. shyly33. A. suspectB. counsellorC. masterD. pioneer34. A.
60、awfulB. debatableC. welcomedD. excellent35. A. protectionB. wrapsC. investigationD. discussion36. A. advertisedB. justifiedC. highlightedD. revealed37. A. remainingB. enduringC. revealingD. threatening38. A. in the darkB. in the clearC. on the airD. on the scene39. A. suffer fromB. watch forC. dream
61、 aboutD. look into40. A. speeding upB. giving offC. turning aroundD. dying down41. A. innovationB. smashC. promotionD. chance【答案】27. B 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. D 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. A 39. C 40. D 41. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了成功续集的秘密，作者对电影神奇动物：格林德沃尔德的罪行的成功进行了分析，其原因在于在发片之前将其有关的所有信息保密，
62、从演员，工作人员，到该电影的创作者J. K. Rowling都有保密的责任，而造就了它的成功。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是当它是一部像Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald（神奇动物：格林德沃尔德的罪行）这样的大型电影，有大约700人和1000套服装仅包括400件动物皮毛这几乎是不可能的。A. useless无用的；B. impossible不可能的；C. successful成功的；D. critical批评的；爱挑剔的。根据前文“Keeping the entire cast and crew of a film a secr
63、et is hard.”可知，要保守一部电影的全部演员和工作人员的秘密是很难的，对于Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald(神奇动物2：格林德沃之罪)这样有着庞大的700演职员的电影来说，保守秘密是不可能的。故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：采取了所有的预防措施：人物角色被赋予代码名称，最小的细节被保密协议保护，数字脚本在一定时间后被编码和删除，以防被复制和传播。A. recovered痊愈；恢复；B. released发放；发行；C. deleted删除；D. split分开；分裂。根据后文“in case of being co
64、pied and spread”可知，为了防止脚本被复制和传播，应是将数字脚本编码并在一段时间后删除掉。故选C项。【29题详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：不透露任何消息的压力即使是偶然的足以让Eddie Redmayne度过一段艰难的时光。A. in control控制；管理；B. by accident偶然；意外地；无意中；C. for reference以供参考；备案；D. in case万一；假使。根据句子“The pressure to not reveal anythingeven _3_ is enough to give Eddie Redmayne a difficult tim
65、e.”句意可知，不向外透露任何消息是很难的，即使是与人相处中可能也会无意中“透漏”了相关电影信息。 故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位奥斯卡奖得主说：“我收到了这份有趣的文件，里面有双大写字母，三条下划线的注释，写着“你不能把这些都说出来”，他在续集中以巫师Newt Scamander的身份回来，续集延续了早期的名声。A. covered覆盖；B. compared对比；比较；C. armed用装备；D. furnished装潢；提供。根据句子“Ive been sent this funny document which is _4 _ with double-caps,
66、triple-underlined notes”句意可知，这些注释/标注应是与脚本一起提供给演员Eddie Redmayne的。be furnished with，“提供；备有”。故选D项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位奥斯卡奖得主说：“我收到了这份有趣的文件，里面有双大写字母，三条下划线的注释，写着“你不能把这些都说出来”，他在续集中以巫师Newt Scamander的身份回来，续集延续了早期的名声。A. commercial商业广告；B. adaptation改编；适应；C. imagination想象；D. reputation名声；声誉。根据前文定语从句“who retur
67、ns as wizard Newt Scamander in the sequel”可知，Eddie Redmayne应是在该电影的第一部中出演，再次出演续集延续该电影的好名声。故选D项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他向前一步，有点害羞地承认，他确实告诉了其他人：他的妻子Hannah Bagshawe。A. sadly难过地；B. proudly骄傲地；C. angrily生气地；D. shyly害羞地。根据前文的动作“leans in and admits”可知，他向前了一步（说话）承认了自己告诉了妻子，结合前文“不能告诉任何人”的规定，此时他应是有点害羞的。故选D项。【33题详解
68、】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本书的作者J. K. Rowling是保守秘密的先驱，这当然对她有帮助。A. suspect嫌疑犯；B. counsellor顾问；C. master主人；大师；D. pioneer先驱；带头人。根据前文“the writer of the work”可知，J. K. Rowling是该作品的作者，关于该作品的相关内容她应是很了解，因此她应是保守秘密的带头人。故选D项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，Johnny Depp这位演员被前妻Amber Heard指控家庭暴力在影片中饰演的黑巫师格林德沃也一直被保密，直到2016年第一部电影上映的前两周。A.
69、 awful令人讨厌的；B. debatable有争议的；C. welcomed受欢迎的；D. excellent极好的；优秀的。根据后文“the actor has been accused of domestic violence by his ex-wife Amber Heard”可知，饰演黑巫师Grindelwald的演员Johnny Depp被前妻指控家庭暴力，因此他在这部电影中出演是有争议的。故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，Johnny Depp这位演员被前妻Amber Heard指控家庭暴力在影片中饰演的黑巫师格林德沃也一直被保密，直到2016年第一部电影
70、上映的前两周。A. protection保护；B. wraps外衣；包裹；C. investigation调查；D. discussion讨论。根据后文“until just two weeks before the first film came out in 2016”可知，这个角色信息直到2016年第一部电影上映前两周才公之于众，一直处于保密状态，under wraps，固定结构，意为“保密”。故选B项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：考虑到对保密的承诺，Rowling向少数人透露了五部系列中剩余三部电影将如何播出的细节也就不足为奇了。A. advertised广告；宣传；B. j
71、ustified证明合法；替辩护；C. highlighted突出；强调；D. revealed显示；透露。根据后文宾语为“the details”，应是指透漏电影细节。故选D项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到对保密的承诺，Rowling向少数人透露了五部系列中剩余三部电影将如何播出的细节也就不足为奇了。A. remaining剩下的；B. enduring持久的；能忍受的；C. revealing透露真情的；有启迪作用的；D. threatening危险的；胁迫的。根据后文“three movies in the proposed five-part series will
72、playout”可知，该电影应是有五部，目前拍摄发行了两部，还剩三部。故选A项。【38题详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：就连参与了八部哈利波特系列的制片人Tim Lewis也不知道。A. in the dark不知道；秘密地；B. in the clear不受阻碍；C. on the air在广播；广播中；D. on the scene在场；出现。根据后文：“We havent seen scripts for the next one,” he says. “I am assuming Rowling knows the whole plan, but I couldnt say.”可知，该电
73、影制作人Tim Lewis应对该电影的有关信息也是不知道的。故选A项。【39题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这是大多数电影公司梦寐以求的数字，但当谈到哈利波特时，人们的期望值开始飙升。A. suffer from遭受；患有；B. watch for等待；当心；C. dream about梦想；D. look into调查。根据前文“The earnings are high enough: the first Fantastic Beasts movie reached $814 million.”可知，第一部神奇动物在哪里的票房达到8.14亿美元，这是很多电影制作公司梦想的票房。故选C项
74、。【40题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但就目前而言，这种极端的热情丝毫没有减退的迹象：根据Rowling的创意改编的话剧哈利波特与被诅咒的孩子在评论界和商业上都大获成功。A. speeding up加速；B. giving off散发出（气体、热量或气味）；C. turning around转向；（生意或经济）有所好转；D. dying down逐渐消失。前文“In a world filled with universes based on existing intellectual propertyStar Wars, Marvelappreciation fatigue is al
75、ways possible.” 表达了对于星球大战，漫威等电影这种电影的审美疲劳是有可能的，而该句以“But”开头，表达转折，因此本句应是在阐述目前来说，这种热情没有消退的迹象。故选D项。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但就目前而言，这种极端的热情丝毫没有减退的迹象：根据Rowling的创意改编的话剧哈利波特与被诅咒的孩子在评论界和商业上都大获成功。A. innovation创新；B. smash破碎；十分走红的歌曲（或电影、戏剧）；C. promotion推销；振兴；D. chance机会。根据后文“For the Beasts sequel, analysts are already
76、 predicting an opening weekend of $65 million to $75 million.”可知，对于神奇动物在哪里续集，分析人士已经预测首映周末票房将达到6500万至7500万美元，由此可知，该电影为热门影片。故选B项。【点睛】逻辑语气解题法 逻辑语气主要包含并列、递进、因果、转折和委婉语气等等，把握逻辑语气，可以帮助答案的确定。在分析时，首先根据逻辑语气提示词判断前后句的逻辑关系，进而推理所选答案。比如文章的第12小题：Even producer Tim Lewis, who has worked on eight Harry Potter installm
77、ents, is _12 _ . “We havent seen scripts for the next one,” he says. “I am assuming Rowling knows the whole plan, but I couldnt say.”12. A. in the dark B. in the clear C. on the air D. on the scene句首“Even”体现了逻辑语气为递进关系，结合前文讲到J. K. Rowling对于该系列电影的保密承诺可知，制片人Tim Lewis对于该系列电影的“不知道”才能体现递进关系。因此12题的答案应是A项。S
78、ection B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A)I was in
79、my third year of teaching creative writing at Ralph McKee Vocational School when one of my students, 16-year-old Mikey, gave me a note from his mother. It explained his absence from class the day before.I had seen Mikey writing the note at his desk, using his left hand to change his handwriting. I s
80、aid nothing. Students had been forging (伪造) excuse notes since they learned to write, and if I were to confront each forger Id be busy 24 hours a day.I threw Mikeys note into a desk drawer along with dozens of other notes. While my students took a test, I decided to read all the notes Id only glance
81、d at before. The writing ranged from imaginative to senseless.I was having an idea.Students complained and said it was hard putting 200 words together on any subject but when they forged excuse notes, they were brilliant. The notes I had could be turned into a collection of Great American Excuses. I
82、 read:“The stove caught fire and the wallpaper went up and the fire department kept us out of the house all night.”“His sisters dog ate his homework and I hope it chokes him.”The writers of these notes didnt realize that honest excuse notes were usually dull: “Peter was late because the alarm clock
83、didnt go off.”One day I distributed the excuse notes to my classes. “Mr. McCourt, who wrote these?” asked one boy.“You did,” I said. “I omitted names to protect the guilty. Theyre supposed to be written by parents, but you and I know the real authors. Yes, Mikey?”“So what are we supposed to do?”“Thi
84、s is the first class to study the art of the excuse note and practice writing them. Youre so lucky to have a teacher like me who has taken your best writing and turned it into a subject worthy of study.”Everyone smiled as I went on, “You didnt settle for the old alarm clock story. You used your imag
85、inations. So try it now. Imagine you have a 15-year-old who needs an excuse for falling behind in English.”The students produced excuses, ranging from a 16-wheeler crashing into a house to a severe case of food poisoning blamed on the school cafeteria. They said, “More, more. Can we do more?”So I sa
86、id, “Id like you to write” And I finished, “An Excuse Note from Adam to God or An Excuse Note from Eve to God.” Heads went down. Pens raced across paper.Before long the bell rang. For the first time ever I saw students so immersed in their writing they had to be urged to go to lunch by their friends
87、.42. What was the authors attitude towards students forging the excuse notes at the beginning of the story?A. FavorableB. UnconcernedC. NegativeD. Critical43. By saying “I was having an idea” (Para. 4), the author probably means that _.A. he decided to read all the excuse notes to the studentsB. he
88、realized that Mikey was good at writing excuse notesC. he understood why so many students forged excuse notesD. he found that the excuse notes could be used in writing class44. The author asked the student to practice writing excuses with the aim of _.A punishing them for writing lunatic excuse note
89、sB. asking them to reflect on the story about AdamC. exercising their imagination in creative writingD. telling them to write an excuse note skillfully【答案】42. B 43. D 44. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者发现学生学会写字以后经常伪造假条，一开始作者漠不关心，结果作者慢慢发现这些假条中的借口都非常有想象力，于是将其应用到写作课上，获得了良好的效果。作者第一次看到学生们如此专注于他们的写作，以至于他们不得不被他们的朋友催促
90、去吃午饭。42题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段I had seen Mikey writing the note at his desk, using his left hand to change his handwriting. I said nothing. Students had been forging (伪造) excuse notes since they learned to write, and if I were to confront each forger Id be busy 24 hours a day.可知我曾见过迈克在他的书桌上写纸条，用他的左手改变他的笔迹。我
91、什么也没说。自从学生们学会写字以来，他们就一直在伪造假条，如果我要去和每个伪造假条的人对质，我就会一天忙上24个小时。由此可推知，在故事开始时，作者对学生伪造假条的态度是漠不关心。故选B。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“This is the first class to study the art of the excuse note and practice writing them. Youre so lucky to have a teacher like me who has taken your best writing and turned it into a subjec
92、t worthy of study.”可知“这是第一堂学习假条的艺术并练习书写的课。你真幸运，有我这样的老师，把你最好的作品转化成值得研究的课题。”由此可推知，作者说“I was having an idea”的意思是他发现借口笔记可以在写作课上使用。故选D。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中The writing ranged from imaginative to senseless.可知这篇文章既有想象力，也有毫无意义的。以及倒数第四段Everyone smiled as I went on, “You didnt settle for the old alarm clock sto
93、ry. You used your imaginations. So try it now. Imagine you have a 15-year-old who needs an excuse for falling behind in English.”可知当我继续说下去时，每个人都笑了，“你们并没有满足于那个古老的闹钟故事。你运用了你的想象力。所以现在就试试吧。想象一下，你有一个15岁的孩子，他需要一个英语落后的借口。”由此可知，作者要求学生练习写作借口，目的是在创造性写作中锻炼想象力。故选C。(B)Environmentally Friendly DenmarkWhat Are The
94、y Doing andHow Is It Helping?THEY PREFER TO CYCLEOn average, Danes living in Copenhagen cycle almost 2 miles a day. Danes are far more likely to own a bike than they are a car, in fact 40% of Danes own a car and 90% a bike.Source: Cycling Embassy of DenmarkTHEY DONT WASTE FOODDanes are very good at
95、avoiding wasting food. Supermarkets offer 80% reductions at the end of the day to try to minimize waste. An app called “TooGoodToGo” also allows restaurants to give away unwanted food at closing time. THEY ARE AWAREDanes are mindful about knowing where their food has come from. It is not uncommon fo
96、r children to be taken to witness killing and dissections of animals at zoos so they understand where the food on their plate began its life. Source: New YorkerTHEY EAT ORGANICDanes eat more organic food than any other country in the world. This is because organic food is not significantly more expe
97、nsive than other options, making it a good choice for everyone. Source : The LocalTHEY USE CLEAN ENERGYBy 2050, Denmark wishes to become independent of fossil fuels. This is far from unreachable as earlier this year the country ran entirely on wind energy for a whole day. Source: The Danish Ecologic
98、al Council45. The article is written to _.A. show the readers how Denmark stays environmentally-friendlyB. persuade the readers to adopt Danes environmental-protection methodsC. entertain the readers with creative environmental-protection methods taken by DanesD. identify organizations providing inf
99、ormation about the environmentally-friendly Denmark46. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Demark is able to function properly for long without the use of fossil fuels.B. Danish supermarkets are trying to reduce its amount of food to cut waste.C. Many Danes take their children to zoos to sh
100、ow them where food comes from.D. Unlike other countries, organic food in Denmark is cheaper than non-organic food.【答案】45. A 46. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了丹麦的一些环保措施。【45题详解】推理判断题。考查文章目的意图的题目往往从标题可以看出来。因此可以定位于标题：What Are They Doing and How Is It Helping?意思是：他们在做什么，这样做有什么帮助？再结合主标题Environmentally Friendly Denmar
101、k环保的丹麦，A选项show the readers how Denmark stays environmentally-friendly给读者展示丹麦如何环保的。故选A项。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据It is not uncommon for children to be taken to witness killing and dissections of animals at zoos so they understand where the food on their plate began its life.可知，在动物园里，孩子们亲眼目睹动物被宰杀和解剖，这样他们就知道自己盘子
102、里的食物是从哪里开始的。故选C项。(C)In the mid-1980s, a study compared mtDNA from people around the world. It found that people of African descent (后裔) had twice as many genetic differences from each other than as did others. Because mutations (基因突变) seem to occur at a steady rate over time, scientists were able to
103、 conclude that modern humans must have lived in Africa at least twice as long as anywhere else. They now calculate that all living humans descend from a single woman who lived roughly 150,000 years ago in Africa, Eve. If geneticists are right, all of humanity is linked to Eve through an unbroken cha
104、in of mothers. This Eve was soon joined by Y-Chromosome (染色体) Adam, the genetic father of us all, also from Africa. DNA studies have confirmed that all the people on Earth, with all their shapes and colors, can trace their ancestry to ancient Africans.What seems certain is that at a remarkably recen
105、t dateprobably between 50,000 and 70,000 years agoone small group of people, the ancestors of modern humans outside of Africa, left Africa for western Asia, either by migrating around the northern end of the Red Sea or across its narrow southern opening.Once in Asia, genetic evidence suggests, the p
106、opulation split. One group stopped temporarily in the Middle East, while the other commenced a journey which would last tens of thousands of years. Moving a little further with each new generation, they followed the coast around the Arabian Peninsula, India, and Southeast Asia, all the way to Austra
107、lia. The movement was probably unnoticeable, says Spencer Wells. It was less of a journey and probably more like walking a little farther down the beach to get away from the crowd.Although archeological evidence of this 13,000-kilometer (8,000-mile) migration from Africa to Australia has almost comp
108、letely disappeared, genetic traces of the group that made the trip do exist. They have been found in the DNA of native peoples in the Andaman Islands near Myanmar, in Malaysia, and in Papua New Guinea, and in the DNA of nearly all Australian aborigines (土著). Modern discoveries of 45,000-year-old bod
109、ies in Australia, buried at a site called Lake Mungo, provide some physical evidence for the theories as well.People in the rest of Asia and Europe share different but equally ancient mtDNA and mutations. The mutations which they possess show that most are descendants of the group that stayed in the
110、 Middle East for thousands of years before moving on. Perhaps about 40,000 years ago, modern humans first advanced into Europe.47. What happened to the first group of humans that moved from Africa into Asia?A. Most of the migrants turned back into Africa.B. They separated into two groups.C. Most of
111、the migrants moved directly into Europe.D. They stayed in the Middle East for tens of thousands of years.48. Which of the following is cited as evidence for the great migration to Australia?A. Discovery of human remains in AustraliaB. DNA of people in Southeast AfricaC. DNA of immigrants to Australi
112、aD. Discoveries from modern societies in Asia49. The title for this reading could be _.A. Finding Y-Chromosome AdamB. Who were the First Humans?C. The Discovery of DNA in AfricaD. Migrating Out of Africa【答案】47. B 48. A 49. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一个研究通过对比DNA发现，现代人类的祖先很有可能从非洲迁出。同时，还介绍了一些人类从非洲迁出的过程。此外，澳大利
113、亚4万5千年前遗体的研究发现为几万年前那次从非洲到澳洲的迁徙提供了有形证据。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的Once in Asia, genetic evidence suggests, the population split. One group stopped temporarily in the Middle East, while the other commenced a journey which would last tens of thousands of years.(基因证据表明，一到了亚洲，这些人分开了。一群人暂时住在中东，而另一群人则开始了一个将会持续上千百年
114、的旅行)可知，第一批从非洲到达亚洲的人，分成了两组。B. They separated into two groups.(他们分成了两组)符合以上说法，故选B项。【48题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Modern discoveries of 45,000-year-old bodies in Australia, buried at a site called Lake Mungo, provide some physical evidence for the theories as well.(一些埋葬在澳大利亚Mungo湖遗址的4万5千年前的遗体的研究发现，也为这一理论提供了有形的证
115、据)可知，一些埋在澳大利亚的遗体也可以证明从非洲到澳大利亚的那次大迁徙。A. Discovery of human remains in Australia(澳大利亚人类遗体的发现)符合以上说法，故选A项。【49题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段的In the mid-1980s, a study compared mtDNA from people around the world. It found that people of African descent (后裔) had twice as many genetic differences from each othe
116、r than as did others.(在20世纪80年代中期，一个研究对比了世界其他地方人的DNA和mtDNA，发现非洲后裔之间拥有的基因不同之处是其它地区人的两倍)和第二段What seems certain is that at a remarkably recent dateprobably between 50,000 and 70,000 years agoone small group of people, the ancestors of modern humans outside of Africa, left Africa for western Asia, eithe
117、r by migrating around the northern end of the Red Sea or across its narrow southern opening.(可以确定的是在最近一个非常可能的时期可能在5万到7万年前一小群人，非洲以外的现代人的祖先，离开了非洲前往西亚，可能通过跨越红海的北端或者南边的狭窄开口)可知，本文主要讲述了一个对比DNA的研究表明，现代人类的祖先很有可能是从非洲迁出。D. Migrating Out of Africa(迁出非洲)可以作文本文标题，故选D项。(D)Pessimism VS. ProgressFASTER, CHEAPER, BE
118、TTERtechnology is one field many people rely on to offer a vision of a brighter future. As the 2020s dawns, however, optimism is in short supply. The new technologies that have dominated the past decade seem to be making things worse. Social media was supposed to bring people together, but today, it
119、 is better known for invading privacy. Parents worry that smartphones have turned their children into screen-addicted zombies.This depressed mood is centered on smartphones and social media, which took off a decade ago. However, concerns have arisen that particular technologies might be doing more h
120、arm than good. The 1920s witness a resistance to cars, which had earlier been seen as a miraculous answer to the problem of horse-drawn vehicles. In the 1970s, the depression was prompted by concerns about environmental damage and the prospect of nuclear accidents. In each of these historical cases,
121、 disappointment arose from a mix of unrealized hopes and unforeseen consequences. Technology produces the forces of creative destruction, which replaces the outdated production units, so it is natural that it leads to anxiety. For any given technology, its drawbacks sometimes seem to outweigh its be
122、nefits. When this happens with several technologies at the same time, as it does today, the result is a wider sense of techno-pessimism.However, this pessimism can be overdone. Too often people focus on the disadvantages of a new technology while taking its benefits for granted. Worries about screen
123、 time should be weighed against the instant access to information and entertainment that smartphones make possible. Efforts to avoid the short-term cost associated with a new technology will end up denying access to its long-term benefits. Fears that robots will steal peoples jobs may promote govern
124、ments to tax them, for example, to discourage their use, but in the long run, countries that wish to maintain their standard of living as their workforce ages and shrinks will need more robots, not fewer.That points to another lesson: the remedy for technology-related problems very often involves mo
125、re technology. Airbags and other improvements in safety features, for example, mean that in America, deaths in car accidents per billion miles travelled have fallen from around 240 in the 1920s to around 12 today.The most important lesson is about technology itself. Any powerful technology can be us
126、ed for good or ill. Biotechnology, for example, can raise crop yields and cure diseases, but it could equally lead to deadly weapons.Technology itself is neutral. It is the choices people make about it that shape the world. Will technology lead to pessimism or progress? The question should be settle
127、d by a broad debate, not by a small group of technologists.50. The word “prompted” in paragraph 2 probably means _.A. causedB. preventedC. relievedD. removed51. According to the author, pessimism over new technologies is often resulted from the fact that _.A. technological innovations hardly cause u
128、nexpected problemsB. people assume the faults of new technologies to be naturalC. new technologies tend to emerge with uncertainty about futureD. new technologies cause more disadvantages than advantages52. By writing this article, the author mainly wanted to argue that _.A. optimism over new techno
129、logies is in short supply as the 2020 comesB. pessimism over innovations, if not overdone, is helpful and even essentialC. people tend to care more about innovations problems than about their benefitsD. peoples wise decision on the use of new technologies really matters【答案】50. A 51. D 52. D【解析】这是一篇议
130、论文。短文论述了科技真的使我们的生活变得更好吗？【50题详解】猜测词义题。根据第二段 In the 1970s, the depression was prompted by concerns about environmental damage and the prospect of nuclear accidents.可知，上世纪70年代，人口过剩、环境破坏和核毁灭的前景引发了人们的担忧。从而导致了这种沮丧情绪。由此判断出，划线词的意思是“导致”。故选A。.【51题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段For any given technology, its drawbacks sometimes
131、 seem to outweigh its benefits. When this happens with several technologies at the same time, as it does today, the result is a wider sense of techno-pessimism.可知，对于任何给定的技术，它的缺点有时似乎超过了它的好处。当这种情况同时发生在几项技术上时，就像如今，结果是一种更广泛的技术悲观主义。由此判断出，作者认为，对新技术的悲观往往是由于新技术弊大于利。故选D。【52题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Technology itself i
132、s neutral. It is the choices people make about it that shape the world.技术本身没有能动性：是人们对它的选择塑造了世界。由此判断出通过写这篇文章，作者主要想论证人们在使用新技术时的明智决定真的很重要。故选D。(E)Can You Trust Your Brain?Your brain lies to you a lot. Were sorry to have to tell you this but its true. Even when your brain is doing important and difficult
133、 stuff, youre not aware of most of whats going on. Your brain doesnt intend to lie to you, of course. For the most part, its doing a great job, working hard to help you survive and achieve your goals in a complicated world. Because you often have to react quickly to emergencies and opportunities, yo
134、ur brain usually tries to get a simple answer in a hurry rather than a prefect answer that takes time to work out. But as the world is not simple, this means that your brain has to take shortcuts and make a lot of assumptions. _53_ The problem start when the brain takes in information from the world
135、 through the senses. Even if you are sitting quietly in a room, your brain receives far more information than it can hold on to or than you need to decide how to act. You may be aware of the detailed pattern of colours in the rug, the photographs on the wall and the sounds of birds outside. _54_ Usu
136、ally these things arent important so we dont often notice how much information we lose. When people look at complicated pictures, they can identify differences if the images remain still. But if the image moves quickly, then they have a lot more trouble. _55_ To test this, psychologists have tried m
137、ore interesting ways of getting people to fail to notice things. In one of our favorites, a researcher approaches someone on the street and asks for directions. While the person is replying, workmen carry a large door between the two people, blocking their view of each other. Behind the cover of the
138、 door, the person who asked for directions is replaced by another researcher who carries on the conversation as if nothing had happened. Even when the second person looks very different from the first, the person giving the directions has only about a fifty per cent chance of noticing the change. _5
139、6_A. Your brains lies are in your best interestmost of the timebut they also lead to predictable mistakes.B. This is because we imagine that we remember more details than we really can.C. The experiments illustrate that you perceive only a little bit of whats going on in the world.D. Your brain sele
140、ctively processes details that are important for you to notice.E. Your brain perceives many other aspects of the scene initially but quickly forgets them.F. This happens because our visual memory isnt very good.【答案】53. D 54. E 55. F 56. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了你的大脑经常对你撒谎，并对其原因进行了分析。【53题详解】上文But as the wo
141、rld is not simple, this means that your brain has to take shortcuts and make a lot of assumptions.说但世界并不简单，这意味着你的大脑不得不走捷径，做出很多假设。该空承接上文，举例说明“大脑如何走捷径，做出假设”，D选项“你的大脑有选择地处理对你来说很重要的细节”切题，故选D。【54题详解】上文You may be aware of the detailed pattern of colours in the rug, the photographs on the wall and the soun
142、ds of birds outside.说你可能会注意到地毯上详细的颜色图案，墙上的照片和外面的鸟叫声。下文 Usually these things arent important so we dont often notice how much information we lose. 说通常这些事情并不重要，所以我们通常不会注意到我们丢失了多少信息。该空承上启下，E选项“你的大脑最初会感知到场景的许多其他方面，但很快就会忘记它们”切题，选项中的many other aspects of the scene指代上文中的the detailed pattern of colours in t
143、he rug, the photographs on the wall and the sounds of birds outside。同时，下文是对该空的进一步解释说明，选项中的them对应下文中的these things，故选E。【55题详解】上文When people look at complicated pictures, they can identify differences if the images remain still. But if the image moves quickly, then they have a lot more trouble.（当人们看到复杂
144、的图片时，如果图片保持静止，他们就能辨别出不同之处。但如果图像移动得很快，他们就会遇到更多麻烦）说明了一种现象，该空解释原因，F选项“这是因为我们的视觉记忆不是很好”切题，下文介绍的实验也有力的证明我们的视觉记忆不是很好，故选F。【56题详解】上文说了一个实验，该空是对实验的总结，C选项“实验表明，你只能感知世界上发生的事情的一小部分”切题，故选C。V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.57. 如果你发烧了，请
145、立即联系你的老师。（hesitation）（汉译英）【答案】If you have a fever, please contact your teacher without hesitation.【解析】【分析】本题考查汉译英翻译能力。【详解】考查条件状语从句和固定短语。分析可知，“如果你发烧了”应是条件状语从句，可由if引导，“发烧”可译为“have a fever”；主句为祈使句，谓语动词为“联系”，可译为“contact”，宾语为“你的老师”，即your teacher，“立即”可译为“without hesitation”。故翻译为：If you have a fever, pleas
146、e contact your teacher without hesitation.58. 警方声称，他们必定会采取行动，捉拿侥幸逃脱法律制裁的罪犯。（narrowly）（汉译英）【答案】The police claimed that they would take action to catch the criminals who narrowly got away with it.【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句和动词时态。根据汉语意思“采取行动”可知短语为take action；表示“侥幸逃脱”短语为get away with，副词narrowly修饰动词，作状语；且此处claim后跟宾语从
147、句，从句中不缺少成分，故应用that引导；后文中定语从句修饰先行词criminals，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词who。结合语境应用一般过去时。故翻译为The police claimed that they would take action to catch the criminals who narrowly got away with it.59. 据粗略估计，大多数尝试过节食的人都必定经历了很多困难。（estimate）（汉译英）【答案】It is roughly estimated that most of people who attempted to be o
148、n a diet should have experienced many difficulties.【解析】【详解】考查固定句型和定语从句。据粗略估计可用固定句型it is estimated that。句子主干为“人经历过困难”。故翻译成people experience difficulties。尝试过节食的人作定语从句翻译成who attempted to be on a diet。people前面加上大多数人作定语用most of修饰。必定是情态动词的翻译故根据语法规则应该使用should have done 完成时态。很多修饰困难作定语故用many即可。故整句翻译成：It is r
149、oughly estimated that most of people who attempted to be on a diet should have experienced many difficulties.60. 无论是谁，只要他在疫情期间故意隐瞒行程，都将成为众矢之的。（target）（汉译英）【答案】Whoever that intentionally hides his trip during the epedimic will be the target of public criticism.【解析】【详解】考查名词。根据汉语提示可知，本句为一般现在时，且涉及一个由that引导的定语从句，先行词是whoever，intentionally“故意地”，hide“隐瞒”，the target of public criticism“众矢之的”，再结合其他汉语提示，故本句可译为：Whoever that intentionally hides his trip during the epidemic will be the target of public criticism.