1、1第三讲 如何写出内容2在前面两节的基础上，我们已具备了一定的基础知识，但是许多同学面对一篇作文还是束手无策，学完本节，你将会有豁然开朗的感觉。如何写概要 读写任务型写作中，开头的30词的段落概括是一篇好的书面表达的开始。我们必须从文体入手，分析文章结构，准确把握要点，注意区分事实和观点、重要和次要、普遍与特殊、相关与不相关、原因和结果等逻辑关系。在概括文章时，可考虑命题人提供的写作内容，因为它能够帮助大家更快地提高捕捉文章要点的速度与准确性。3一、概要的写作步骤 1.定要点确定主题句、扩展句(支撑句)文体 主题句 扩展句 记叙文 故事/事件主题(1句)故事大意/事件过程(12句)议论文 文章
2、论点(1句)文章论证、论据(12句)说明文 说明的现象(1句)解释原因或结果(12句)图表文字 图表或文字现象与主题(1句)图表内容及数据分析(12句)图画文字 图画或文字现象与主题(1句)图画内容及分析(12句)4构思方法 首先快速浏览写作内容中的第2点，带着话题阅读短文，然后根据文体划出要点。记叙文理解故事大意，明确主要人物与主要事件，并归纳故事主题与中心思想；议论文论点主题句多在首段，扩展句包括分论点与论据；说明文主题句多在首段，扩展句是对现象的解释、原因分析或产生的结果；“图表/图画文字”的主题句为图表/图画或文字现象与主题，扩展句是图表/图画的内容与分析。52.变句式转变原文句式，用
3、自己的语言概括。3.连成段选用恰当逻辑过渡词与句型将主题句与支撑句串连成段。一般先写主题句，再写扩展句，记叙文可以反过来，先写故事大意或事件过程，再写故事或事件主题句。必要时在结尾加上过渡句(导入到下一段)。可以用同义法、词性转化法、句式结构转换法(主动变被动、谓语与非谓语转换、句式类型变换等)、概括提炼压缩法(用单词或短语概括长句子或一段内容)等将原文内容要点转换成自己的语言。6二、各类文体的概要写法 1.记叙文概要【写作技巧】对于故事性、记叙性的文体：要找出文中的时间、地点、人物、事件(过程)、原因、结果(影响、感悟、启发、启迪、结论)。即when，where，who，what，why，h
4、ow。在这六个要素中，所占内容比重较大的是what，学生最容易犯的错误就是把what写得太详细。7【常用句式】(1)From the story.(故事大意)，which.(主题)(2)In the passage，the writer tells us that.(主题)，who/which.(故事情节)(3)Despite/Though.(主人公)，(事件过程)，which.(主题)8【典例印证】One day,a mother horse told her son,“My child,will you happily go and carry thisbag of wheat to th
5、e mill(磨坊)to grind it into flour？”The little horse happily agreedwithout hesitation,and ran out of the house with a bag of wheat on his back.After quite a long journey,the little horse came to a river,which blocked his path tothe mill.He suddenly got confused.Looking around,he saw a cow.So he asked
6、the cow,“Auntie Cow,can you tell me whether I can cross the river？”The cow answered,“Definitely you can.The water is very shallow.”When the little horse was about to crossthe river,a squirrel shouted to him,“Little horse,dont cross the river.You will drown.”The little horse didnt know what to do,so
7、he decided to go back to ask his mother.9After he told his mother everything that happened on his way,his mother said,“Mychild,its not enough to only listen to others；you have to give it a try by yourself,andthen youll know the answer.”With those words,he walked carefully across the river.The water
8、was neither shallownor deep.It was just fine for him.Finally the little horse crossed the river and completed histask.10【解题步骤】第一步：定要点词句 Who?a_little_horse What?hesitated_to_cross_the_river_at_first，but_did_it_finally Why？confused_by_what_a_cow_and_a_squirrel_said How？encouraged_by_his_mother 11第二步：变
9、换句式 He suddenly got confused.hesitated to cross the river With those words,he walked carefully across the river.Finally the little horse crossed theriver and completed his task.Encouraged by his mother to try，he did it and succeeded.第三步：连成概要 A little horse，confused by what a cow and a squirrel said，
10、hesitated to cross thewater.But encouraged by his mother to try，he did it and succeeded，finding water wasneither deep nor shallow.122.说明文概要【写作技巧】说明文通常会有明确的主题句，先抓住关键词，并根据各段落的主题，有序地组织语言，完整地表达出文章的中心内容。如果是分析型说明文，概括时要找出文章所说明的现象、产生的原因及解决的方法或建议，然后用自己的话将这些信息重组起来。13【常用句式】(1)This article points out the common
11、 phenomenon.(主题)，which.(解释)(2)The passages above compare the advantages and disadvantages of(主题A)and(主题B).A is.while B.(解释)(3)The passage introduces.to us，especially its.，from which we know.(4)The passage tells us.including.(方法1)，.(方法2)，and.(方法3).14【典例印证】As bike-sharing booms in China，a_guideline_wa
12、s_released_by_the_government_to_promote_a_new_form_of_the_sharing_economythis_time_involving_vehicles.Car-sharing,_which provides an alternative for people to travel in cities,will be thenew innovation in a service model.The released guideline focuses on legal status,insurance and regular maintenanc
13、e of cars before they join sharing services.It encouragesthe development of car-sharing,which is expected to reduce the inclination to individuallybuy vehicles and ease traffic congestion amid a surge in recent years of private carownership.15“However，there_is_a_long_way_to_go_before_the_purpose_of_
14、the_guideline_comes_true，”said Xia Xueluan,a professor of sociology.“First,acar costs at least 100，000 yuan,almost 500 times that for a shared bicycle.Besides,shared cars also take the same space as other private cars,so parking will be anotherproblem.”“Meanwhile,traditional car rental companies are
15、 competing with the emerging car-sharing business.Its estimated the charges will be almost the same for both forms of carsrentals，”Xia said.“How to survive fierce competition will remain a challenge for car-sharing providers，”he added.16【解题步骤】第一步：定要点词句(已在原文画出)第二步：变换句式 A guideline was released by the
16、 government to promote a new form of the sharingeconomythis time involving vehicles.It encourages the development of car-sharing,which is expected to reduce the inclination to individually buy vehicles and ease trafficcongestion amid a surge in recent years of private car ownership.A guideline for t
17、he promotion of car-sharing,which shows governments will to reducetraffic congestion.17第三步：连成概要 This report is mainly about a guideline for the promotion of car-sharing,whichshows governments will to reduce traffic congestion.Meanwhile,some difficulties arealso put forward as a reminder.183.议论文概要【写作
18、技巧】议论文的结构形式有“总分”、“总分总”、“分总”或“并列”等。文章的三要素是：论点、论证、论据。而三要素中最重要的应是论点，因此，准确把握文章的论点就显得非常重要了。文章的论点往往在文章的首段或尾段，偶尔也在文章的中间。在段落中往往又在首句或尾句。还应特别注意段落中表转折或因果的连词，因为这些词往往会引出文章的论点。此外，任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫作关键词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。一般地说，关键词通常是名词、动词或形容词。19【常用句式】(1)The passage/essay/author hig
19、hlights.(主题)，stating that.(论点)，which is.(论据)(2)From the passage，the author argues in support of/for/against.(论点)，statingthat.(论据)(3)With the development of.，an increasing number of.(主题)，taking the viewthat.(论点)，while.(论点)20【典例印证】If_you_ask_people_what_makes_them_happy，you_will_probably_get_many_diff
20、erent_answers_but_there_are_two_fundamental_things_that_will_ensure_happiness.The_first_part_of_what_makes_people_happy_is_growth.When you feellike you are improving your life，thats when you are happy.It doesnt necessarilymean that you have to constantly buy bigger and better things.You need to feel
21、 like youare growing on a personal level.You need to know that the essence of who you are iscontinually improving in some way.Keep looking for ways to make yourself better todaythan you were yesterday.This can mean different things to different people but the point isthat you have to feel like you a
22、re improving and getting better as a human being as timegoes by.21The_second_part_of_what_makes_people_happy_is_the_sense_of_contribution.Everyone wants to believe that they were put here to do something great.Aslong as you know that by your being here，by doing what you are doing，you are helpingsome
23、one somewhere，it will bring you happiness.These are two ways of how to find happiness.Are these the only answers to whatmakes people happy?That depends on how you define happiness.22【解题步骤】第一步：定要点词句(已在原文中画出)第二步：变换句式 1.人们的观点：If you ask people what makes them happy，you will probably getmany different a
24、nswers.People have different opinions about what makes them happy.2.作者的观点：But there are two fundamental things that will ensure happiness.Happiness comes from two fundamental sources.23第三步：连成概要 While people have different opinions about what makes them happy，the writerthinks that happiness comes fro
25、m the two fundamental sources：the improvement ofones life and the sense of contribution.244.“图表/图画文字类”的概要【写作技巧】(1)内容结构“图表/图画文字”的概括内容一般先总述图表/图画及文字主题，再说图画与文字内容及数据分析。(2)图表分析方法 图表类型：表格(table/form)；饼图(pie chart)；柱状图(bar chart/column chart)；曲线图(line graph/curve chart)。图表分析九字诀：一是看趋势：数据变化趋势有上升、下降、稳定不变、变缓、加快
26、等；二是找极值：找最大值或最小值进行描述；三是做比较：比较同类事物间的数值，尤其对比明显的。25常用词和句式(1)图表分析常用词 动词：show，reveal，indicate，demonstrate，describe，illustrate 短语：consist of，be made up of，be composed of(由组成)；account for，makeup(占比例)上 升：mount(vi.)，soar(vi.)(猛 增)，shoot up(迅 速 增 加)，rise，increase，climb/jump to(上升到)/by(上升了)，on the rise 下降：decl
27、ine，lessen，decrease(vi./vt.)，fall/drop to/by，downward trend 不变：remain/stay the same；remain unchanged/stable/steady 变缓、加快：slow down，speed up 26 修 饰 语：(急 剧 地)dramatically，sharply，significantly，considerably；(显 著地)remarkably，evidently，observably；(缓慢地/逐渐地)slightly，gently，gradually，moderately/in a moderat
28、e way(2)句式 主语account for/make up百分数of Students made up nearly 20%of the group.Males accounted for 10%of the whole workforce.主语(The number of.)谓语(increased/decreased)from.to.27There be句型 There was a sharp increase in computer use between.and.倍数表达：twice,triple,double The output of 1990 was 3.5 times t
29、hat of 1980.Between these years X almost doubled,rising from 2，000 to 3，900.比较表达：Compared with.while.28【典例印证】(2017江苏卷)请认真阅读下面有关我国电影票房收入(boxoffice income)的柱状图及相关文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。29Saturday Afternoon.In a Shopping Centre.Li Jiang：Hi，Su Hua.Which movie shall we see?Su Hua：Whatever.Weve got so ma
30、ny choices，Kung Fu Yoga，Journey to theWest.Each sounds great!Li Jiang：Yeah！And some movie stars are fantastic.Su Hua：And the hightech！.Li Jiang：Perfect！Lets get some food first.We only have 20 minutes left.Su Hua：No hurry.The cinema is on the same floor.30One Day in 2016.At Home.Son：Mum，shall we go
31、and see a film tonight?Mother：Why bother？We can stay at home and watch films online.Its convenientwith our new and faster network.Son：But it feels good in a cinema.Mother：And the price.We have to pay 50 yuan a ticket.Son：Only 10 yuan more than last year.Mother：But still we cannot get the moneys wort
32、h.Some films are just boring.31【解题步骤】第一步：图表分析 第二步：图表描述 第三步：连成概要 一看趋势：从2012到2015年电影票房不断上升；二做比较：2016年增速比以前放缓 witness a constant increase from.to.increase constantly from.to.；slow down The box-office income of Chinese movies witnessed a constant increase from about 17billion yuan in 2012 to over 40 bil
33、lion in 2015.However,that increase slowed down in2016.32如何写正文 一、话题思考的角度 高考英语作文考查话题类别主要有两大方面：同学自身成长和外部生活圈子。所谓自身成长，主要考查一些人生哲理与品质。同学们的外部的生活圈子无非就是家庭、学校、以及社会。顺着这个方向，可以挖出好多东西。33典例1 作为高三学生，你是否会选择人工智能专业？简要说明理由(2至3点)。如果不选这个专业，势必和文章中心脱离。可以分为：对个人、对社会两个角度写。Personally,I will major in AI without hesitation.(先写主题句
34、)For one thing,AI canarouse my strong interest in high technology.(从个人角度看，我的兴趣)For another,AImajor can help me fulfill my goal that people can be relieved of an overwhelmingworkload and pursue their potential.(从社会角度看，解除负担，发挥潜力)34典例2 你愿意为网上知识买单吗？请阐述你的理由(不少于两点)Many reasons give rise to the phenomenon.
35、For one thing,with artificial intelligenceincreasingly influencing our daily life,people are eager to improve themselves for fear ofbeing left behind.Without doubt,online learning platforms can facilitate their learning andsatisfy almost all their needs by providing abundant resources of high qualit
36、y.(从个人考虑，大众对知识的渴望，继续追问：为什么渴望？因为现在的AI时代对个人素质要求提高，必须满足社会的需求)For another thing,the booming development oftechnology allows online learning products to be more convenient to use.Whether youngor old,people have easy access to them.(从app功能考虑，讲到科技产品，四个绕不过去的词：efficient,convenient,abundant,accessible，即：高效，方便
37、，丰富，易接触)35二、写好段落主题句 1.引出经历 The story reminds me of my own experience.这个故事让我想起了我自己的经历。This story reminds me of a similar experience of my friend.这个故事让我想起我朋友的一次相似的经历。362.心得体会 Having finished reading the story，I was deeply touched.读完这个故事，我被深深地打动了。After reading the instructive story above，I realize that
38、 it is these struggles orobstacles that increase our will-power and contribute to our success.读了上面有教育意义的故事后，我意识到正是这些困难或障碍增强了我们的意志力并促使我们成功。373.观点对比 Peoples views on.vary from person to person.Some hold that.However,othersbelieve that.人们对的观点因人而异。有些人认为.然而其他人却认为 People may have different opinions on.人们对
39、可能会有不同的见解。There are different opinions among people as to.关于人们的观点大不相同。Different people hold different attitudes toward.对人们的态度各不相同。384.表示赞同 On a personal note，I applaud the latter view.我个人赞成后者。From my perspective，what he said is reasonable and practical.依我看，他说的合理可行。395.表示反对 In contrast，the others are
40、 strongly against it，arguing that.然而，其他人强烈反对，认为 I dont think it is a wise option to send children abroad for education，especially thoseat junior or senior level.我认为把孩子送到国外接受教育是不明智的选择，尤其是那些初中生或高中生。I frown upon smoking in public restaurants.我不赞成在公共餐厅中抽烟。406.举例说明 Such examples can be seen easily in our
41、 daily life.A good case is.这样的例子在我们的日常生活中很容易见到，一个很好的例子就是 Taking my personal experience in learning English as an example，once I got intotrouble in my studies.以我学习英语的亲身经历为例，一次我在学习上遇到了麻烦。417.利弊对比 Its advantages can be listed as follows.For one thing.For another.However，just as asaying goes，“Every coin
42、 has two sides.”.is no exception，and in other words，itstill has its negative aspects.To begin with.In addition.其好处如下：一方面另一方面然而，正如谚语所说，“事物都是两面性。”也不例外，换句话说，它也有不好的方面，首先其次 428.预示后果 Obviously,if we dont control the problem,the chances are that.will lead us in danger.很明显，如果我们不能控制这一问题，很有可能会让我们陷入危险。No doubt
43、,unless we take effective measures,it is very likely that.毫无疑问，除非我们采取有效措施，很可能会 It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation.立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展迫在眉睫。439.给出原因 This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons.First，.Second，.Third，.这一现象的存在是有许多原因的。首先第二第三 Why did.?For one thing.For
44、 another.Perhaps the primary reason is.为什么会？一个原因是另一个原因是或许其主要原因是 I quite agree with the statement that.the reasons are chiefly as follows.我十分赞同这一论述，即，其主要原因如下：4410.解决方法 Here are some suggestions for handling.这是处理的一些建议。The best way to solve the troubles is.解决这些麻烦的最好办法是 People have figured out many ways
45、 to solve this problem.人们已找出许多办法来解决这个问题。4511.提出建议 It is high time that we put an end to the trend.该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了。It is time to take the advice of.and to put special emphasis on the improvement of.该是采纳的建议，并对的进展给予特殊重视的时候了。There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of.毫无疑问，对问题应予以
46、足够的重视。Obviously，if we want to do.,it is essential that.显然，如果我们想做，很重要的是 46Only in this way can we.只有这样，我们才能 It must be realized that.我们必须意识到 47如何写结尾句 末段一般是总结全文，照应题目，点明主旨，深化中心。简洁、有力的末段可以为文章锦上添花。末段的写作可尝试使用以下四种方法：48归纳总结法指的是以文章前面的论述为依据，引出或重申文章的中心思想或结论。常用句式：1.To sum up，_ can benefit us tremendously if cor
47、rectly used.总而言之，如果运用得当，_会让我们受益匪浅。2.Therefore,it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that _.因此，不难得出以下结论：_。3.Recognizing the fact that _ will lead us to conclude that _.承认_这一事实，我们能得出以下结论：_。归纳总结法 494.The evidence upon all sides supports/confirms/leads to a conclusion that _.各方面的证据支持/表明/得出这样一个结论：_。
48、5.From what has been discussed above/Based on the points discussed above,we candraw/arrive at the conclusion that _.综上所述，我们能得出如下结论：_。6.In summary/conclusion/a word,it is important that we should _.总之，我们应该_，这一点很重要。7.Taking into account all of these factors,we may reach the conclusion that _.考虑到所有因素，我
49、们得出结论：_。50名言引用法是指引用古今中外名人的名言警句来证明论点。常用句式：1.The saying _ has been widely accepted throughout the world.名言_在世界范围内被普遍接受。2.“_.”We are used to hearing such words like those.“_。”我们习惯于听到这样的说法。3.“_.”Such is the opinion of a great man.This remark has been confirmedtime and time again by many historical event
50、s.“_。”这是一位伟大的人物的观点。该言论已经被许多历史事件反复验证。名言引用法 514.As the proverb goes,_.正如谚语_所说。5.There is an English proverb which says that _.有一个英语谚语_。6.There is an old saying,“_.”It is the experience of our forefathers,however,it is correct in many cases even today.古语道：“_。”这是前辈的经验，但在今天许多情况下也适用。7.“_”is the opinion he
51、ld by _.This remark has been confirmed time andtime again by more and more people.“_”是_的观点，而且被越来越多的人反复证实。52提出建议法是指对所讨论的问题提出建设性的意见或者解决问题的具体方法。常用句式：1.It might be time to hear the warnings of some economists.该是听听一些经济学家的警告的时候了。2.It is time that we put/urged an immediate end to the undesirable situation/
52、tendency of_.该是结束_这种讨厌的情况/趋势的时候了。3.Therefore,in order to _，effective means should be taken to _.所以，为了_，必须采取有效措施来_。提出建议法 534.It is high time that _.Here are some of the things that might be taken upimmediately.该是_的时候了。这里有几件事情可以立即着手执行。5.It is suggested that the government should make efforts to _.人们建议
53、政府应该努力去_。6.In short/In any case,we should/ought to/must _.总之/无论如何，我们应该/必须_。7.Awareness of the seriousness of the problem is the first step toward the solution.意识到这个问题的严重性是解决问题的第一步。548.While it cannot be solved immediately,still there are ways.The most important is_.Another way is _.尽管问题不能立即得到解决，但是还是
54、有方法。最重要的是_。还有_。55预测展望法是指预测某一现象的发展趋势或某一措施的深远影响。常用句式：1.The significance of _ cannot be overvalued._的意义重大。2.What will happen to _？Nobody really knows.But one thing is certain：_._会发生什么事情？没有人确切知道。但有一件事可以肯定：_。3.Following these suggestions may not guarantee success,but the payoff might be worth theeffort.I
55、t will not only benefit _ but also benefit _.听从这些意见也许并不能保证取得成功，但是值得一试。它不但会造福_，而且也会使_受益。预测展望法 564.To reverse the trend is not a light task.It requires a good awareness of _.要想扭转这一趋势并非易事。这需要充分意识到_。5.People are coming to realize the importance of _.Some have begun to try theirbest to _.We believe that
56、_.人们开始意识到_的重要性。许多人已经开始竭力_。我们相信_。6.It is clear/obvious/evident/apparent that _.Therefore,the task of _requires/demands/involves _.很显然，_。因此，要完成_的任务必须_。577.With the improvement of _，_ will prove to hold great superior over_.随着_的改善，_将证明比_更具优越性。8.There is a growing tendency for people these days to _，whi
57、ch I believe willnot change in a short time.现在，人们_的趋势正在增加，而且我认为短时间内这种趋势不会改变。9.If everyone is willing to contribute himself to society,it will be better and better.如果人人都愿意为社会做出贡献，社会将变得越来越美好。5810.Anyhow,whether it is positive or negative,one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly_.不管它的作用是积极的还是消极的，可
58、以肯定的是它必将_。11.Whatever you do,please remember the saying _.If you understand it and applyit to your study or work,youll necessarily benefit a lot from it.不管你做什么，请记住这句老话：_。只要你懂得它的意思，并将其应用到学习或工作中，你定将受益匪浅。12.The influence of _ is not confined to _.It also _._的影响不仅局限于_，它还_。59【典例印证】(2019江苏卷)请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用
59、英语写一篇150词左右的文章。Li Jiang：Have you heard this?A group of exchange students from the UK are visitingour school next month.Su Hua：Yes,I have.Some are already recommending the traditional Chinese dress forthe welcome ceremony.Li Jiang：But it seems that people have different opinions.Su Hua：What do you th
60、ink?Li Jiang：I think its a good idea.Its an opportunity to make the Chinese culturebetter known to international students.60Su Hua：I agree.But we dont have to dress that way.Thats not our dailystyle.Besides,its not very convenient.Li Jiang：You see,its the Chinese culture that the British friends are
61、 coming for.Justthe right occasion.Su Hua：I prefer the school uniform.Its nice.Its also a better display of our schoolculture.61【写作内容】1.用约30个词概括上述信息的主要内容；2.在上述场合，你是否倾向于穿中国传统服装？请说明理由(不少于两点)。【写作要求】1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3.不必写标题。【评分标准】内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。62概要部分 1.要点解读 外国学生来学校参观时，我们穿中国的传统服
62、装还是校服？对话中表述了不同的看法。2.运用句式 Li Jiang and Su Hua are discussing.when.Li recommends.while Su prefers.63正文部分 1.穿中国传统服装 2.穿校服 原因分析：有利于外国学生了解中国的文化；传统服装可展示中国文化的丰富及迷人之处 穿校服不够展示中国文化的独特韵味 原因分析：得体，适合场合；更好地了解学校的情况；穿传统服装，让人感觉奇怪；不能反映学校的独特文化；浪费钱和时间 64语言亮点 1.高 级 词 汇 与 段 语：richness/delicacy/fascination(抽 象 名 词)；precis
63、ely(副 词)；unique/impressive/suitable(形容词)；feel at easy(感觉自在)2.高级句式：what to wear，while，it is.that.，It seems to me.3.衔接词：firstly，secondly，whats more，besides 65【参考范文1】Li Jiang and Su Hua are discussing what to wear when receiving the British studentsnext month.Li recommends the traditional Chinese dress
64、 while Su prefers the schooluniform.IwouldbehappytoweartraditionalChineseclothesatthewelcomeceremony.Firstly,this is precisely what the British visitors are expecting.They come tolearn about Chinese culture with their own eyes.Their Chinese peers in the typical Chinesedress would be highly impressiv
65、e.The school uniforms are fine,but not special enough togive a unique Chinese flavour.Secondly,the inconvenience is not a problem if our purposeis to share Chinese culture.It is just the so-called inconvenience that displays the richness,delicacy and great fascination of Chinese culture with a histo
66、ry of thousands of years.66The traditional Chinese clothes，it seems to me,will make the occasion veryChinese and inviting to the British guests.67【参考范文2】Li Jiang and Su Hua dont agree on what to wear when greeting the Britishstudents.Li suggests wearing traditional Chinese clothes while Su thinks th
67、e schooluniforms are more suitable.I prefer the school uniform to the traditional Chinese dress at the welcome ceremonynext month.Although the traditional Chinese dress may look more beautiful and stylish,itis a little bit strange to walk around in it.We feel at ease in our school uniforms everyday.
68、Whats more,the traditional Chinese dress cant reflect the unique culture of ourschool.From the design and colour of our uniforms,the British friends will learn moreabout our school.Besides,the choice of the traditional Chinese dress means extra money,and extra time,for we have to change it back afte
69、r the event.68So the school uniforms are a better choice than the traditional Chinese dress for suchan occasion.69【实战演练】(2018江苏卷)请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。Li Jiang6 July,Sunny Our family will go on a trip next month and need a suitcase.Two days ago，Momasked me to find the relevant information on
70、the Internet.But the information I got wasrich and varied,or even contradictory.Confused,I simply based my decision on theratings.Within five minutes,we ordered the one we were satisfied with.This afternoon,Mom received the case and told me she liked it very much.70Su Hua6 July,Sunny This morning,ou
71、r family went out,hanging round in the downtown area.We found arating of the Top Ten Restaurants,and went into one of them.We spent quite a lot ofmoney,but were not happy.Mom complained a lot,and said that despite its high ratings,the food was not to our taste.I was puzzled.Should I believe in these
72、 ratings,or should Inot?71【写作内容】1.用约30个词概括上述利用排名(ratings)进行消费的现象；2.谈谈你如何看待消费排名，然后用23个理由或论据支撑你的看法。【写作要求】1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3.不必写标题。【评分标准】内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。72概要部分 1.要点解读 两个故事都是对ratings的评价，第一个的评价：_；第二个评价：_。2.关键词的替换(1)like it_，_(2)complain_，_，_ like itcomplainingproduce positive effe
73、ctsa good impressiondont meet needsnegative effectsmislead73正文部分 1.赞同要点 主要从个人角度 高排名意味着高质量，比如购买背包、看电影和吃美食都看消费排名。排名可以节省购物时间，例如选择参考书看排名既方便又经济。2.反对要点 个人角度：商家角度：排名本身是建立在别人的判断之上，盲从会影响我们自己的判断。有些排名结果是公司或商家人为操纵的。74语言亮点 1.高级词汇与短语：2.高级句式运用：consumption(抽象名词)；interestingly/completely/closely(副词)；have an influenc
74、e on(对有影响)；tend to(倾向)；makedecisions(做决定)；huge amounts of(大量的)；according to(根据)；dependon(依靠)。whatever I purchase(让 步 状 语 从 句)；Based on theratings(非谓语)；which I am often confused to choose from(定语从句)；bothconvenient and economical(既又)；There is no doubt that(同位语从句)；It is unwise to/It is necessary to(it作
75、形式主语，不定式作真正的主语)。75【参考范文1】As a major channel of consumption information,the rating is an efficient source ofinformation for shopping in our own consumption.Interestingly,the same rating mayhave different influences on different consumers.I tend to consult consumption ratings whatever I purchase.First
76、ly,the higher ratingmeans the higher quality of the product,or better service.Based on the ratings,I boughtmy beloved backpack,saw interesting films and tasted delicious foods.Secondly,ratingscan save time to make decisions in shopping.For example,there are huge amounts ofreference books which I am
77、often confused to choose from.In that case,it is bothconvenient and economical to buy books according to the ratings.76There is no doubt that it is unwise to depend completely on the ratings inconsumption.The advantages and disadvantages of ratings are often closely related.It isnecessary to hold an
78、 objective attitude towards ratings.77【参考范文2】Nowadays,most commodities or services are rated through certain channels.Theseratings,easy to access,are playing an increasingly important role in customerspurchase decision.However,results are sometimes unsatisfactory.78There is no denying that such rati
79、ngs might bring convenience to consumers，butthey are often misleading and unreliable.As we all know,most of the ratings are basedon others judgment on the product or service concerned.Every judgment comes from aspecific need or a unique psychological state.Apparently，blindly following othersadvice w
80、ill affect our own judgment.Another fact should not be neglected that some ofthe ratings are the outcome of a careful manipulation of companies or sellers.It hasbecome a common practice for some to pay for good ratings on their products orservices so as to increase their sales.Therefore,we should give a second thought to these ratings whenever we goshopping.79本节内容结束