1、选 择 性 必 修第二册 Unit 5 A delicate world英 语 2023高 考 总 复 习 优 化 设 计 GAO KAO ZONG FU XI YOU HUA SHE JI 内 容 索 引背主题词汇 积写作素材通词句 基础自测提能力 增分课堂研真题链接高考测效果 课堂评价背主题词汇 积写作素材 主题:脆弱的地球 单词生态环境1.sculpt v.造型,雕刻2.shape n.形状3.landscape n.风景,景色4.contrast v.形成对比5.wild adj.野生的,野蛮的6.imagine v.想象7.stretch v.延续,延伸8.capture v.捕捉9
2、.vast adj.巨大的食物链1.unknowingly adv.不知不觉地 2.attack v.袭击 3.hunt v.追捕,猎取 4.prey v.捕食 5.departure n.离开 6.increase v.增加 7.invade v.入侵,大量涌入 8.absorb v.吸收 9.consumer n.消耗者 10.decomposer n.分解体 保护 1.remove v.除去,移开 2.release v.释放 3.tackle v.解决,处理 4.harm v.伤害 5.recovery n.恢复 6.threat n.威胁 7.shelter n.收容所 8.obse
3、rve v.观察 9.double v.加倍 10.effort n.努力 词块 1.strong winds 大风 2.stormy seas波涛汹涌的海面 3.bare rock 秃石 4.natural beauty 自然美 5.in harmony with与和谐相处 6.take over 接管,接收 7.in turn 反过来,转而 8.in consequence 结果 9.turn out 结果是,证明是 10.feed on 以为食 11.with the goal in mind 心中怀有目标 12.participate in参加 13.look after 照料,照顾
4、14.brave heavy snow and freezing temperatures不畏暴雪和严寒 通词句 基础自测 教材单词必背写作词汇1.n.栖息地 2.n.胃口,食欲 3.v.(使)大大增加,(使)倍增 4.n.大混乱;紊乱 5.n.病毒 6.v.(使)变小,(使)减少 habitat appetite multiply chaos virus decrease 7.n.夹子,陷阱 8.v.倒坍;塌下 9.n.事件 10.v.应该做;对负有的义务 11.adj.巨大的;广大的 12.adv.在别处 trap collapse incident owe vast elsewhere
5、识记阅读词汇1.halfway adj.2.heritage n.3.inhabitant n.4.penguin n.5.rat n.6.vegetation n.7.erosion n.8.parakeet n.中间的,半途的 遗产;传统 栖居的动物 企鹅 大老鼠 植物,草木(总称)侵蚀 长尾(小)鹦鹉 9.immunity n.10.substantial adj.11.postscript n.12.pest n.13.dissolve v.14.worm n.15.visual adj.16.session n.17.herbal adj.免疫力 大量的,多的 附言 有害小动物;害虫
6、 (使)溶解 蠕虫;(昆虫的)幼虫 视觉的 一段时间 用香(药)草制成的 18.status n.19.criterion n.20.altitude n.21.thrive v.22.fossil n.23.floral adj.24.vertebrate n.25.beehive n.26.coexist v.地位;身份 标准,准则 海拔(高度)茁壮成长 化石 花的 脊椎动物 蜂房,蜂箱 共存,共处 构织连脉词汇1.adv.显著地 adj.显著的,剧烈的 2.adv.后来,随后 adj.随后的 3.n.保护 vt.保护,保存 4.n.离开 vi.离开,出发 5.v.突然增加;爆炸 n.爆炸
7、,爆发 adj.易爆炸的,可能引起爆炸的;突增的,猛增的,激增的 6.n.干预,介入 v.干涉,介入 7.n.生态 adj.生态的 8.n.养分,营养物 n.营养 adj.有营养的;营养丰富的 dramatically dramatic subsequently subsequent conservation conserve departure depart explode explosion explosive intervention intervene ecology ecological nutrient nutrition nutritious 9.n.比较 v.比较,对比 10.
8、adj.神秘的 n.神秘之事;神秘 11.v.兴旺,发达 adj.繁荣的,兴旺的,成功的 n.兴旺,繁荣,成功,昌盛 12.adj.稀有的,罕见的 adv.难得,罕有地 13.adj.生物的,与生物有关的 n.生物学 14.n.差异;变化 v.变化 n.种类;多样化 adj.各种各样的,各种不同的 comparison compare mysterious mystery prosper prosperous prosperity rare rarely biological biology variation vary variety various 15.adv.据说;看来,似乎 adj.
9、显然的,表面上的 16.adj.濒临灭绝的 vt.危及,使遭到危险 17.n.涌入;侵略 vt.侵略,涌入 18.adj.稳固的;安全的 n.安全,安全性,保证 19.n.问候,招呼 vt.欢迎,致敬apparently apparent endangered endanger invasion invade secure security greeting greet 常用短语1.未做到某事 2.导致 3.对产生食欲 4.占领,接管,控制 5.被引进到,被介绍给 6.失去控制 7.把从移走 8.结果,因此 fail to do sth result in develop an appetit
10、e for take over be introduced to out of control remove.from.in consequence 9.原来是,证明是,结果是 10.彻底地,一劳永逸地 11.和共存;与共处 12.代表 13.以为食 14.想出,提出(计划、想法等)15.作为回报 turn out once and for all coexist with on behalf of feed on come up with in return 重点句型1.The green grass and bare rock of its landscape contrast drama
11、tically,giving ita wild and natural beauty.【尝试翻译】【考点凝练】现在分词短语作结果状语 绿草和光秃秃的岩石形成的景观反差巨大,使海岛呈现出一种狂野和天然的美。2.Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants,including royal penguins,king penguins,and elephant seals,existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years.【尝试
12、翻译】【考点凝练】nor置于句首引起的部分倒装3.It is my great pleasure to give a lecture here on behalf of the Be at One with Nature Association.【尝试翻译】【考点凝练】It is+名词+to do sth 他们也不会想象不到,几千年来,这里的土著居民,包括皇家企鹅、帝企鹅和海象,是如何与它们的自然栖息地和谐共存的。我很高兴在这里代表Be at One with Nature协会举办一个讲座。单元词句小测.单词小测 1.(owe)to your help,I have made great pr
13、ogress.In other words,I my progress to you.(owe)2.A powerful human was unfolding before our eyes.The hero flung out his arms in a gesture,which lifted the atmosphere .(drama)3.He had planned to on Friday,but the bad weather delayed his .(depart)Owing owe drama dramatic dramatically depart departure
14、4.Two bombs in the centre of our city and the caused seven deaths.(explode)5.He drove so fast that I really felt my life was in .So I told him driving fast was and if he didnt slow down,he would our lives.(danger)exploded explosion danger dangerous endanger.短语小测 In a wild island,animals and plants 1
15、.(与共处)each other.However,it was 2.(失去控制)because of human intervention.With humans arrival,cats 3.(被引进到)the island.They 4.(对产生食欲)native birds.5.(结果),the number of the birds decreased greatly.People 6.(提出,想出)an idea that they could 7.the cats (把从移走)the island.coexist with out of control were introduce
16、d to developed an appetite for In consequence came up with remove from However,with the departure of the cats,the birds multiplied rapidly and began eating the native vegetation,which 8.(导致)vegetation deterioration.9.(未能)solve the problem,scientistsrealized that it was difficult to restore the food
17、chain 10.(彻底地).resulted in Failing to once and for all.句型小测高考情境仿写 1.他的父母死了,留给他很多钱。(现在分词短语作结果状语)His parents died,.2.她不会说这种语言,也不会写这种语言。(nor置于句首引起的部分倒装)She couldnt speak the language,.3.我们的责任是为人类建立一个拥有共同未来的社区。(It is+名词+to do sth)a community with a shared future for mankind.leaving him a lot of money no
18、r could she write it Its our duty to build 提能力 增分课堂 核心词汇突破 1.appetite n.胃口,食欲;强烈欲望【练会】单句填空 The young man has no appetite meat because he has eaten too much recently.All that long walking has given me appetite for dinner.Symptoms usually begin with a high fever,lethargy,depression,and (lose)of appeti
19、te.【写美】完成句子背诵 布莱克先生喜欢上了中国菜。Mr Black Chinese food.for an loss has developed an appetite for【归纳】have a good/poor/no appetite胃口好/胃口不好/没有胃口 develop an appetite for.对产生食欲 give sb an appetite使某人胃口大开 loss of appetite 食欲不振 have an appetite for.渴望 have no appetite for.不喜欢 2.trap n.夹子,陷阱 v.使陷入困境;卡住,夹住,绊住;使陷入圈
20、套,使中计,使上当【练会】单句填空 The bomb exploded,(trap)victims in the building.Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people (trap)in powerless high-rise buildings.Dont fall into trap of thinking you can learn a foreign language without doing any work.trapping trapped
21、the【写美】句式升级背诵 Because he had been trapped in the traffic,he was late for school.,he was late for school.(过去分词短语作状语)【归纳】(1)trap sb into(doing)sth使某人陷入(做)某事的圈套;使某人中计 trap sb in把某人困在中(2)fall into the trap of doing sth落入做某事的圈套 set/lay a trap for.为设圈套/陷阱【佳句】A rescue worker risked his life saving two tour
22、ists who had beentrapped in the mountains for two days.一名救援人员冒着生命危险救出了两名被困在山里两天的游客。Trapped in the traffic 3.explode v.突然增加;爆发【练会】单句填空(2020江苏卷)When Wilson heated it,the container (explode),leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.He told a joke which made Hank explode laughter.【写美】完成句子背诵 每次他们见面,史密斯先生都会非常生
23、气。Every time they met,Mr Smith .exploded into exploded with anger/rage【归纳】(1)explode with anger/rage勃然大怒 explode into laughter突然大笑(2)explosion n.爆炸;突增(3)explosive adj.易爆炸的;暴躁的;突增的 n.炸药(4)unexploded adj.未爆炸的 4.owe v.应该做;对负有的义务;欠(钱、账、人情等);归功于;应感谢【练会】单句填空 I owe the speed of progress I made in Italian t
24、he support from Jim,my partner in study time.I owed to the doctors that I survived such a severe accident.I owe apology to you for my bad manners the other day.【写美】词汇升级背诵 Because of the bad weather,we decided to postpone leaving.the bad weather,we decided to postpone leaving.to it an Owing to【归纳】(1)
25、owe sb sth=owe sth to sb 欠某人某物 owe sb an apology该向某人道歉 owe.to.把归功于;应感激 owe it to sb that.多亏某人(2)owing adj.欠着的;未付的 owing to因为,由于【点津】如果owe的宾语是名词性从句,可使用it作形式宾语,将充当真正宾语的名词性从句放在后面。5.endangered adj.濒临灭绝的【练会】单句填空 We sincerely hope they can play a key role in protecting the _(endanger)species being harmed.I
26、f he carries on like this he will be in danger of (lose)his job.Only then did I realize how (danger)the situation had been.【写美】完成句子背诵 我写这封信是为了表达我对野生动物的关注,因为目前许多野生动物正在灭绝或濒临灭绝。I am writing to show my concern about wildlife because at present many wild animals are dying out or .(写作话题之动物保护)endangered lo
27、sing dangerous in danger of extinction【归纳】(1)danger n.U危险;风险C危险因素,威胁 in danger 在危险中 in danger of(doing)sth有(做)某事的危险 out of danger脱离危险(2)dangerous adj.危险的,可能引起麻烦的(3)dangerously adv.危险地;有危害地(4)endanger v.使处于险境;危及【佳句】Some animals are in danger of dying out on account of lack of habitat.由于缺乏栖息地,一些动物面临灭绝
28、的危险。6.result in 导致【练会】单句填空 It was the serious water pollution that (result)in the death of thousands of fish.As a result the heavy snow,the highway has been closed until further notice.Hundreds of the enemies had searched the mountains for fifteen days result.resulted of without【写美】句式升级背诵 It rained
29、heavily.As a result,we had to stay at home.We had to stay at home the heavy rain.The heavy rain our staying at home.Our staying at home the heavy rain.as a result of resulted in resulted from【归纳】(1)result from起因于(2)result n.结果;效果;后果;成效 as a result of=due to/because of由于 as a result结果 without result毫
30、无结果地【佳句】As a result,the custom of putting up Spring Festival couplets is present in these countries as well.因此,现在这些国家也有贴春联的习俗。补遗缺 微点练全.一词多义根据语境写出句中黑体词的词性和含义 1.multiply If you multiply seven by 15 you get 105.In warm weather these germs multiply rapidly.Cigarette smoking multiplies the risk of cancer
31、.单句语法填空 2.After the failure of electricity supply the city was chaos.3.He does not believe that modern medicine can coexist faith-healing.v.乘,使相乘v.繁殖v.迅速增加in with 重点句型透视 It is+n.+to do sth【教材原句】It is my great pleasure to give a lecture here on behalf of the Be at One with Nature Association.我很高兴在这里代
32、表Be at One with Nature协会举办一个讲座。【练会】单句填空 It is not a good habit (stay)up too late.Its necessary the young to master two foreign languages.Its very kind you to help me with the work.to stay for of【写美】完成句子背诵 此外,有必要好好休息,这将为您提供足够的能量。Further,which will provide enough energy for you.(应用文写作之建议信)作为一个中国画爱好者,这
33、是一个我向参观者介绍中国画技巧的好机会。As a Chinese painting lover,Chinese painting skills to visitors.(应用文写作之申请信)it is necessary for you to take a good rest its a good chance for me to introduce【归纳】本句中It是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。常见句型有:(1)It+be+名词(词组)+to do sth(2)It+be+adj.+for sb+动词不定式 这类句型常用形容词 easy,difficult,hard,import
34、ant,possible,impossible,necessary等说明不定式行为的性质或特点。(3)It+be+adj.+of sb to do sth句型常用表示心理品质、性格特征的形容词,如,kind,nice stupid,clever,foolish,polite,impolite,silly,selfish,considerate等。研真题 链接高考(2018江苏卷,阅读理解C)农业生产 If you want to disturb the car industry,youd better have a few billion dollars:Mom-and-pop carmake
35、rs are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies.But in agriculture,small farmers can get the best of the major players.By connecting directly with customers,and by responding quickly to changes in the markets as well as in the ecosystems(生态系统),small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys.
36、As the co-founder of the National Young Farmers Coalition(NYFC,美国青年农会)and a family farmer myself,Ihave a front-row seat to the innovations among small farmers that are transforming the industry.just a couple of years ago by a young farmer,Jonathan Dysinger,inTennessee,with a small loan from a local
37、Slow Money group.It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per houra huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by handsuddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California.Before the tool came out,small farmers couldnt
38、 touch the price per pound offered by California farms.But now,with the combination of a better price point and a generally fresher product,they can stay in business.The sustainable success of small farmers,though,wont happen without fundamental changes to the industry.One crucial factor is secure a
39、ccess to land.Competition from investors,developers,and established large farmers makes owning ones own land unattainable for many new farmers.From 2004 to 2013,agricultural land values doubled,and they continue to rise in many regions.Another challenge for more than a million of the most qualified
40、farm workers and managers is a non-existent path to citizenshipthe greatest barrier to building a farm of their own.With farmers over the age of 65 outnumbering(多于)farmers younger than 35 by six to one,and with two-thirds of the nations farmland in need of a new farmer,we must clear the path for tal
41、ented people willing to grow the nations food.There are solutions that could light a path toward a more sustainable and fair farm economy,but farmers cant clumsily put them together before us.Weat the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation,as we push for immigr
42、ation reform,and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farmers from all backgrounds.With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress,consumers must take a stand with young farmers.理清脉络 真题再做 61.The author mentions car industry at the beginning of
43、 the passage to introduce .A.the progress made in car industry B.a special feature of agriculture C.a trend of development in agriculture D.the importance of investing in car industry 答案 B 解析 推理判断题。由第一段中的“If you want to disturb the car industry,youd better have a few billion dollars:Mom-and-pop carm
44、akers are unlikelyto beat the biggest car companies.But in agriculture,small farmers can get thebest of the major players.”可知,汽车行业是一个需要巨额资金的行业,小作坊式的汽车制造商不可能打败大的汽车公司,而在农业中,小农户却能战胜大的农场主。因此,开篇的举例是为了说明“农业的特殊特征”,所以选择B项。62.What does the author want to illustrate with the example in paragraph 2?A.Loans to
45、small local farmers are necessary.B.Technology is vital for agricultural development.C.Competition between small and big farms is fierce.D.Small farmers may gain some advantages over big ones.答案 D 解析 推理判断题。由第二段中的“It enables small-scale farmers to harvest175 pounds of green vegetables per houra huge
46、improvement overharvesting just a few dozen pounds by handsuddenly making it possible forthe little guys to compete with large farms of California.”可知,小农户也有可能战胜大农场主,所以选择D项。63.What is the difficulty for those new farmers?A.To gain more financial aid.B.To hire good farm managers.C.To have farms of the
47、ir own.D.To win old farmers support.答案 C 解析 推理判断题。由第三段中的“The sustainable success of smallfarmers,though,wont happen without fundamental changes to theindustry.One crucial factor is secure access to land.Competition frominvestors,developers,and established large farmers makes owning ones ownland unat
48、tainable for many new farmers.”可知答案为C项。64.What should farmers do for a more sustainable and fair farm economy?A.Seek support beyond NYFC.B.Expand farmland conservation.C.Become members of NYFC.D.Invest more to improve technology.答案 A 解析 细节理解题。由文章最后一段中的“We at the NYFC need broadsupport as we urge Con
49、gress to increase farmland conservation”可知答案为A项。语言能力 1.掌握构词知识 词根 派生 词性及词义 例句 combination But now,with the combination of a better price point and a generally fresher product,they can stay in petition Competition from investors,developers,and established large farmers makes owning ones own land unatt
50、ainable for many new binen.结合competen.竞争2.猜测生僻词词义 There are solutions that could light a path toward a more sustainable and fair farm economy,but farmers cant clumsily put them together before us.3.牢记熟词生义 单词 词性及词义 例句 stand With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress,consumers must take a standwit
51、h young farmers.笨拙地,粗陋地n.立场,观点,态度4.仿写经典句型 It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per houra huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by handsuddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California.仿写:这项发明使我们在家里买我们需要的东西
52、成为可能。This invention what we need at home.makes it possible for us to buy5.破解复杂句式 We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation,as we push for immigration reform,and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation o
53、f farmers from all backgrounds.分析:本句主句部分为we need broad support;后面的as.as.and as.为并列 语从句,that引导 语从句,修饰先行词 。译文:状定policies当我们敦促国会增进耕地保护的时候,当我们推动移民改革的时候,当我们寻求政策支持,以确保来自不同背景而又胸怀抱负的下一代农民能成功的时候,我们这些加入NYFC的农民,都需要广泛的支持。测效果 课堂评价.熟词生义 1.appetite 项目 意义 例句 熟义 n.There is nothing like a long walk to arouse the appe
54、tite.生义 n.Most children have an appetitefor learning.食欲强烈欲望2.explode 项目 意义 例句 熟义 v.A bomb exploded at one of the capitals busiest railway stations this morning.生义 v.The population has exploded in the last ten years.爆炸急剧扩大;激增,突增.单句语法填空 A组 基础必练 1.He did not want to know what rumors you had heard about
55、 him (subsequent).2.He spent a lot of money in satisfying the appetite excitement and amusement.3.He was examined again and then was given a different (herb)medicine.4.Oil prices fell this week to their lowest level in fourteen months,(apparent)because of over-production.5.Weve got stable labor,(dec
56、rease)interest rates,and low oil prices.subsequentlyforherbalapparentlydecreasingB组 高考链接 6.(2021全国甲卷)According to the World Wildlife Fund,the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5500,giving the rhinos a“critically (danger)”status.7.(2021新高考全国卷)Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Pro
57、gram has been called one of the most successful (conserve)programs ever initiated.8.(2021北京卷)A survey of scientists found that extreme weather events,food (security),and freshwater shortages might create global collapse.endangeredconservationinsecurity9.(2019天津卷)We succeed in our field of specializa
58、tion and then become (trap)in it.10.(2019江苏卷)The (explode)had left a hole more than forty miles acrossmuch too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level.trappedexplosion.短语填空 on behalf of,break down,in consequence,once and for all,turn out,coexistwith,die out,be trapped in,have an appetite for,i
59、n comparison with 1.all the students here I want to thank you for your help.2.He the crashed car and couldnt move his legs.3.This species has nearly because its habitat is being destroyed.4.If Tim carries on working like this,hell sooner or later.5.In absolute terms,wages have risen,but not the cost
60、 of living.On behalf ofwas trapped indied outbreak downin comparison with6.He said salmon exports had been fuelled by a growing Chinese middle class who the fish.7.With the help of the professor,the local villagers solved their problems .8.I said things would well,and sure enough they did.9.He was v
61、ery careless.,he failed the final exam last time.10.In the long run,technology can help make economic development conservation of the environment.had an appetite foronce and for allturn outIn consequencecoexist with.微语法填空 We all think 1.harmful to smoke cigarettes.It is widely believed 2.smoking cau
62、ses cancer.But some adolescents consider it cool 3.(smoke).They may suppose it will help them deal with stress in their lives.However,they dont find 4.easy to become addicted to smoking.When they realize how unfit they are,it is too late.Theaddiction to smoking makes it difficult for adolescents 5.(
63、give)up smoking.Of course the best way to deal with this problem is not to get into the habit in the first place.itthatto smokeitto give.话题微写作(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)【写作素材】1.人类和野生动物本应该共存。(coexist)2.一方面,人类不断地破坏野生动物的栖息地。(habitat)3.另一方面,为了满足我们的食欲,人类猎杀野生动物,导致大量动物的数量急剧减少。(appetite,substantial,decrease)4.最终,人类的介入导致
64、了生态的混乱。(intervention,chaos)5.后来,人类意识到野生动物保护的重要性,并采取了许多措施来保护它们。(subsequently,conservation)6.显然,这已经取得了巨大的成就。(apparently,dramatic)【连句成篇】将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。答案 Mankind and wildlife should have coexisted with each other.However,onthe one hand,mankind destroyed the habitats of the wildlife constant
65、ly.On the other hand,to meet our appetite,mankind hunted and killed the wildlife,resulting in a sharp decrease in the number of substantial animals.Eventually,the intervention of mankind led to the chaos in ecology.Subsequently,mankindrealised the importance of wildlife conservation and took many measures to protect them.Apparently,this has made dramatic achievements.