1、经 典 例 文(2015四川卷)假如你是李夏。你看到美国留学生Sharon在网上发帖，希望有人能帮助她提高普通话(Mandarin)水平，她可以教英语作为回报。请根据以下提示用英语给她写一封电子邮件。1表达给她提供帮助的意愿；2说明你能胜任辅导的理由；3给出讲好普通话的两点建议；4提出你学习英语的具体需求。注意：1.词数120左右，开头语已为你写好；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称。Hi,Sharon，This is Li Xia.I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin._
2、Li Xia范 文 背 诵Hi,_Sharon，This_is_Li_Xia._I_learned_from_your_post_that_you_want_to_improve_your_Mandarin.I felt honored to have the chance to help you with your Mandarin learning.Im good at speaking standard Mandarin.Ive been a broadcaster in the schools broadcasting station for years.When it comes t
3、o how to speak fluent Mandarin,I suggest that you learn a bunch of pronunciation rules first,which are quite different from the English ones.Another suggestion is to practice speaking.As one saying goes,“Practice makes perfect.”However,my English is just OK and I have many problems with my study.I r
4、eally hope that you can give me good advice on how to study English.I believe we both can make much progress with each others help.Looking forward to your reply soon!Li_Xia单词联想1merely adv.仅仅，只不过2absence n缺乏，缺席3attain vt.获得，得到；达到4guarantee n保证，担保；保修单；抵押品 vt.保证，担保5adjust vt.&vi.调节，调整；适应；整理6congratulat
5、e vt.向表示祝贺，向道贺(on)7purchase nU，C购买，购买的物品 v购买短语熟记1on purpose 故意地；有意地2be aware of知识，意识到3catch on受欢迎；流行起来；(与to连用)理解，明白4get ahead 进步；成功；领先5take the form (take a form of)表现为的形式；采取的形式句式重温1Thirdly,you say that there is a discount provided that I pay in advance.第三，你们说我只要预付款就有折扣。2Theres nothing better than s
6、ipping on a coffee.没有什么能比得上品一杯咖啡3Quality input ensures quality output,whether it is speaking orwriting.不管是说还是写，高质量的输入确保高质量的输出。突破重点第一版块：融会单词1attain vt.获得，得到；达到Most of our students attained five“A”grades in their exams.我们多数学生的考试成绩是五个优。The balloonists attained an altitude of 33,000 feet.气球驾驶者们升到了海拔33,0
7、00英尺的高度。特别提示attain无被动语态。n.达成；成就hope实现某人的愿望达到某人的目标end/goal达到目标【易混辨析】achieve，arrive，reach 与 attain(1)achieve 侧重于经过努力而获得成功或达到某种目标。如：This will help us achieve modernization.这将有助于我们实现现代化。(2)arrive 和 reach 除表示到达某地外，还表示“达成(协议)，得出(结论)”，侧重于经过谈判或协商而达成，arrive 和介词 at 搭配时，可和 reach 互换。如：He had reached/arrived at
8、a new conclusion.他得出了一个新的结论。(3)attain 含有较强的抱负和渴望的意味，着重于有意识地实现某一目标，常用来指实现一般人不易达到的目标。Im determined to attain my purpose at any cost.我决心不惜任何代价达到目的。即境活用完成句子(1)She _ _ _ _ _.她已经80岁了。(2)Still greater efforts are needed before we can _ _ _.我们必须百尺竿头，更进一步，才能达到目标。attained the age of eightyattain our goal2ensu
9、re vt.保证，担保，保证得到，确保ensurethat从句 确保make sure that.ensure sb.sth.保证某人某事ensure sb.against 或from sth.确保某人防止受某物的伤害We can ensure that the work shall be done in the right way.我们可以保证把工作做好。This pill will ensure you a good nights sleep.这颗药一定会使你晚上睡个好觉。Lock the door to ensure us against interruption.把门锁上免受打搅。即境
10、活用完成句子(1)I fitted a new lock to _ _ the bike would not be stolen.我装了一把新锁以保证自行车不失窃。(2)According to a report on June 6th,2011,Chinese authorities vowed to _ _ _.根据2011年6月6日的一篇报道，中国政府誓要保证食品安全。ensure thatensure food safety3guarantee vt.保证，担保 n保证；保证书；保修单(1)guarantee sb.against/from.保证某人免受损害、危险等guarantee
11、to do sth.保证去做某事guarantee sth.to sb.向某人担保/保证某事guarantee sb.sth.be guaranteed to do sth.必定做某事(2)give sb.a guarantee that.向某人担保(be)under guarantee 在保修期内We guarantee to deliver the goods within a week.我们保证一周内送到货物。Even if you complete your training,I cant guarantee you a job.即使你完成了培训，我也无法保证你能有工作。【易混辨析】e
12、nsure与guaranteeensure意为“确保某事发生”；guarantee意思侧重于“担保”，还有“许诺”的意思，有时两者可以互用。ensure,guarantee后均可接that从句，还可接双宾语；guarantee后还可接不定式作宾语，也可接复合宾语，ensure则不可这样用。The present contract cannot ensure/guarantee you a job.本合同不能保证你获得工作。We guarantee to fulfill our mission.我们保证完成使命。即境活用完成句子(1)I _ _ _ _ his debts.我保证还清他的债务。(
13、2)Even if you complete your training,I cant _ _ _ _.即使你完成了培训，我也无法保证你能有工作。guarantee to pay offguarantee you a job4thrill vt.使激动；使胆战心惊 n.兴奋；紧张give sb.a thrill to do sth./of doing sth.做某事让某人感到激动be thrilled at/about/with sth.对感到兴奋As he read the words besides the picture,he experienced a thrilling realiz
14、ation.在他读图画旁的单词时，他有了令人兴奋的认识。Its a sight that never fails to thrill me.那是一种永远都让我激动不已的景象。He was thrilled at the sight of her.见到她，他很兴奋。5absence n.缺席；不在某处Mr.Wang will be in charge of the office during my absence.我不在的时候，办公室由王先生负责。(1)in the absence of sb.in ones absence 某人不在时absence of mind 心不在焉(2)absent
15、adj.不在的，缺席的be absent from.不参加，缺席In his absence I went to see what was on his desk.他不在时，我过去看了看他桌上有什么东西。His absence of mind during driving nearly caused an accident.他驾车时心不在焉，差点肇事。She had an absent look on her face.她看起来心不在焉的样子。Tom was absent from school because he was ill.汤姆因病没去上学。即境活用完成句子(1)I shall be
16、 in charge _ _ _ _ _ _.经理不在的时候，由我负责。(2)The mistake was made _ _ _ _ _ _.他因为心不在焉，才犯了这个错。句型转换(3)_ _ _ _ _ caused a lot of doubts.That he _ _ _ the meeting caused a lot of doubts.他缺席会议引起了很多疑虑。in the absence of the managerdue to his absence of mindHis absence from the meeting was absent from助记：6merely a
17、dv.仅仅，只不过I merely looked at the chocolate;I did not eat it.我只不过看了看那块巧克力，我没有吃。Im merely stating what everybody knows anyway.我说的不过是些老生常谈。【易混辨析】merely与only作副词时，两者可以互换。但only还可作形容词，表示“唯一的”；而merely的形容词形式为mere。如：I said it only/merely as a joke.我只不过当玩笑说说而已。It is the only way to solve the problem.那是解决这个问题的唯一
18、办法。即境活用语法填空You dont have to be angry.He _(mere)wanted to know the truth.merely答案与解析 句意：你不必生气。他只是想知道真相。mere“仅仅的”，形容词，词性不符，这里应用其副词merely“仅仅”。7purchase n.买，购买；C所购之物 vt.买，购买If you are not satisfied with your purchase we will give you a full refund.所购之物如不合意，我们将全额退款。Please ensure that you purchase your ti
19、cket in advance.请您务必提前购票。The equipment can be purchased from your local supplier.这种设备可向您当地的供应商购买。purchaser n.买方，购买者，采购人员purchase sth.from sb.向某人采购某物purchasing power 购买力make a purchase 采购purchase price 买价，进货价格【易混辨析】buy与purchase两者都有“购买”的意思。具体区别如下：(1)buy是普通日常用词，既可指日常随意购物，也可指大的购买。(2)purchase是正式用词，指大宗购货或
20、购买重要东西。不带感情色彩，强调物品的购得。和buy不同的是，purchase用作动词时，不能接双宾语，只接表示物的宾语。即境活用选词填空Ill _(buy/purchase)you a car for your birthday if you fulfill the task ahead of time.buy答案与解析 句意：如果你提前完成任务，我会买辆车作为送给你的生日礼物。8embarrass vt.(尤指在社交场合)使窘迫，使尴尬；使为难embarrass sb.in public 当众使某人尴尬to ones embarrassment 让某人感到不好意思be embarrasse
21、d(at)(对)感到为难/尴尬The speech was deliberately designed to embarrass the prime minister.这个发言是故意为难首相。It was so embarrassing when the children started laughing in the middle of the service.当仪式进行到一半时，孩子们开始笑了起来，这真使人尴尬。She was embarrassed when they kept telling her how clever she was.他们不停地说她非常聪明，令她感到不好意思。9in
22、form vt.告知；通知inform sb.of/about sth.告知某人某事inform sb.that.通知某人keep sb.informed 使某人随时了解最新情况Ive been reliably informed that the delivery will arrive tomorrow.我已得到可靠消息，货物明天到达。Please inform us of any change of address as soon as possible.地址如有变更，请尽早通知我们。Please keep me fully informed of any developments.事态
23、如有发展，请向我提供详情。即境活用语法填空Dont just wait _(inform).You should try to seek for information you need.to be informed10congratulate vt.祝贺；庆贺(1)congratulate sb.on sth.向某人祝贺某事(2)congratulate oneself on为自己庆幸，感到高兴(3)offer ones congratulations to sb.向某人致以祝贺(4)Congratulations！恭喜恭喜！(5)congratulations(to sb.)on sth.
24、(向某人表示)祝贺某事She congratulated me warmly on my exam results.她热烈祝贺我考试取得好成绩。I congratulated myself on my good fortune.我为自己的好运气感到高兴。“Ive just passed my driving test！”“Congratulations！”“我刚刚通过驾驶执照考试！”“恭喜你！”【易混辨析】congratulate与celebrate(1)congratulate“祝贺，庆贺”，其宾语不是所祝贺的事，而是所祝贺的人。常用于祝贺某人取得成功、赢得奖品或名次等。(2)celebra
25、te“庆祝”，指用荣誉、节日或欢乐的庆典庆祝(一天或一个事件)。You can congratulate yourself on having done a good job.你的工作做得很出色，你应该感到高兴。His victory was celebrated with music and dancing.以音乐和舞蹈庆祝他的胜利。即境活用语法填空(1)Im taking the entrance examinations next week._ luck!(2)Japanese girls _(celebrate)their Girls Day or Doll Festival on M
26、arch 3.Goodcelebrated11adjust vt.&vi.调节，调整；适应；整理You can adjust the colour on the TV by turning the knob.你可以通过转动这个旋钮来调整电视的色彩。She carefully adjusted her clothes and her hair before going out.她出门之前仔细地整了整衣服和头发。Some of the staff found it hard to adjust to the changes in technology and working methods.有些员
27、工觉得很难适应技术和工作方式上的变化。She adjusted the seat to the height of her child.她调节座椅以适应她孩子的身高。归纳拓展adjust oneself to使自 己适应n.调整，调节adj.可调节的，可调整的【易混辨析】adapt与adjust这两个词都可作“适应”解。其区别是：(1)adapt指只进行细微的修改或变动就能适应新的环境或条件。常与介词for和to连用。如：The book is adapted for beginners.这本书是为初学者改编的。(2)adjust多指对机械或仪器等进行调整，借正确的判断或熟练的技术使两者的技术
28、相配合。也可指人或其他生物改变原有的生活方式以适应新的环境。即境活用选词填空adapt adjust(1)You should _ yourself to the new environment.(2)You cant see through the telescope until it is _ to your eyes.adapt/adjustadjusted12resemble vt.像；与相似(不可用于被动语态和进行时态)resemble sb./sth.(in).(在方面)与某人/某物相似bear a resemblance to(be similar to.)与相似In these
29、 respects,the fossils resemble modern humans.在这些方面，这些化石类似于现代人类。The situation closely resembles that of Europe in 1940.这种形势与1940年欧洲的形势十分相似。She resembles her sister in appearance but not in character.她和她姐姐外貌相似，但性格不同。13transparent adj.透明的，显然的，易懂的transparent paper 透明纸，玻璃纸transparent color 透明色transparent
30、 glass 透明玻璃The insects wings are almost transparent.这昆虫的翅膀几乎是透明的。He is a man of transparent honesty.他显然是个很诚实的人。The meaning of this passage seems quite transparent.这一段的意思看来是很清楚的。【易混辨析】transparent与explicittransparent作“透明的”讲时，指玻璃、塑料等物质可以看透；作“显然的”讲时，主要指借口、谎言等；作“易懂的”讲时，主要指语言、信息等。explicit主要指声明、规则等“清楚明确的”，
31、还可作“详尽的，明确的”讲。He avoids the explicit answer to us.他避免给我们明确的回答。即境活用用 transparent,explicit 的适当形式填空(1)The water was so _ that we could see the fish clearly.(2)I gave you _ instructions not to touch the controls.transparentexplicit第二版块：贯通短语1get ahead 进步；成功；领先Some people get ahead by being lucky.有些人由于走运而
32、成功。By working hard，he got ahead of the rest of the class.通过努力学习，他超越了班上的其他同学。特别提示意为“胜过；超过”。【易混辨析】get ahead，go ahead，go ahead with与ahead of(1)get ahead“进步，成功”。如：You can only get ahead through hard work.你只有努力工作，才能成功。(2)go ahead意为“行，可以”，用于回答别人的请求。也可以作“进行，发生”解。如：I wonder if I can use your bike for a whil
33、e.我想知道我能否用一会儿你的自行车。Sure.Go ahead.行，可以。The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned.新桥的修建将按计划进行。(3)go ahead with意为“开始做”。如：The government intends to go ahead with its tax cutting plans.政府拟开始执行其减税计划。(4)ahead of意为“领先”或“比早”。如：The horse drew ahead of the others.那匹马超过了其他的马。She left one day ahead
34、 of him.她比他早一天走。2take the form of(take a form of)表现为的形式；采取的形式In this model，the return message might take the form of feedback or a formal reply.在这种模式中，返回的信息可能会是反馈或正式回答的形式。in the form of以的形式in any form以任何形式in form状态良好in great form兴高采烈take form形成即境活用语法填空On the Dragon Boat Festival,people _ the form of
35、 eating zongzi to commemorate Qu Yuan.take答案与解析 句意：端午节人们以吃粽子的形式来纪念屈原。take the form of“采取的形式”，符合句意。3catch on受欢迎；流行起来；(与to连用)理解，明白He invented an electric car，but it never really caught on.他发明了一种电动汽车，但这种车从未真正流行起来。Youll catch on to the job after youve been here for a while.在这儿待一段时间后你就会了解这种工作了。catch ones
36、 attention引起某人的注意catch up with赶上catch hold of抓住catch sb.doing sth.撞见某人正在做某事catch fire着火catch sight of看见catch at sth.流行起来4on purpose 故意地for the purposes of 为了，出于的目的to good/little(no)purpose 作用很大/徒劳地for practical purposes 事实上，实际上by design 故意的by accident/chance 偶然地，无意地accidentallyby coincidence 巧合地，偶然地
37、His talents have been employed to good purpose.他的才能很好地得到了利用。即境活用介词填空(1)Did he do it accidentally?No,_ purpose.(2)_ all practical purposes the company has already closed down.(3)_ the purposes of attracting more tourists,more effective measures have been taken.(4)It didnt occur _ coincidence;all that
38、 happened _ design.onForForbyby选词填空demand，purpose，end，result(5)Our holiday had served its _；we both felt thoroughly relaxed.purpose第三版块：突破句式1Theres no point/sense(in)doing sth.做某事没有作用/没有意义(或道理)。如：There seems to be no point in arguing further.继续争执下去似乎没有什么意义。Theres no sense in making a child suffer li
39、ke that.让一个孩子受那样的罪是没道理的。即境活用完成句子 _ no point in beating around the bush.Lets _.这样绕来绕去没有任何意义，我们开门见山吧。Therescome to the point答案与解析;There is no point in doing sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事没有意义”；come to the point意为“开门见山，直接说要点”。2the more.the more“the比较级.，the比较级.”，该句式表示“越，就越”。第一个“the比较级.”相当于条件状语从句，第二个“the比较级.”相当于主句。如果第
40、二个“the比较级.”用一般将来时，则第一个“the比较级.”通常用一般现在时表将来。这个句型表示从句和主句的变化是同时进行的，即：主句的情况随着从句的程度而变化。“the比较级.”要分别放在两个句子的主谓结构之前，两句之间可以用逗号隔开，当意思很明白时，常采用省略形式。如：The more you read,the more you will learn.你读得越多，收获就会越大。The more he eats,the fatter he gets.他吃得越多就越胖。The more,the better.多多益善。即境活用语法填空The _(much)efforts you make,the _ progress you will make.moremore答案与解析 句意：你付出的努力越多，你的进步就越大。这里是“the比较级.，the比较级.”句式。
