1、经 典 例 文假定你是李华，自制了一些中国结(Chinese knot)。给开网店的美国朋友Tom写封信，请他代卖，要点包括：1外观(尺寸、颜色、材料)；2象征意义；3价格。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连续；3开头语已为你写好。Dear Tom，How are you doing?_Li Hua范 文 背 诵Dear_Tom，How_are_you_doing?I wonder if you could sell some Chinese knots for me.I made them myself with red silk threads,cloth and o
2、ther materials.They look really beautiful in the shape of a diamond,about 5 inches long and 4 inches wide.In China,these knots stand for friendship,love and good luck.People can either give them as gifts to friends or hang them in their houses.They are only 12.99 US dollars each.If anyone wants to k
3、now more about the knots,let them write to me.Also,do let me know if you need further information.Thank you!Li_Hua联想词语单词联想1purpose n目的，意图；用途；决心，毅力2character n个性；字符；人物；特征3detail n细节，详情；资料，消息4ruinnU毁灭，毁坏；崩溃；(pl.)废墟，遗迹 vt.(使)毁坏；毁灭，使破产5exhibition n展览，展览会6imagination n想像，想像力7mercy n仁慈，宽恕，怜悯8conclusion n结
4、论，结束，结局短语熟记1hold ones breath 屏住气2try out 试验，考验3add(.)to 增加；把加到4fix ones eyes on 注视5sort of有几分；种类6date back(to)(date from)从时就有；回溯到；远在(年代)7relate to与相关；涉及；谈到句式重温1I wish I could have bought such a painting.但愿我买了一幅这样的油画。2Out back is a small garage for the car we dont own yet and a small yard that looks
5、smaller between the two buildings on either side.出门往后院走有一间小车库，但现在我们还没有车，还有一个小院子，夹在两边的高楼中显得更小。突破重点第一版块：融会单词1exhibition n展览exhibition 展览会exhibit vt.展出，展览 n展览品(be)on exhibition 展出中put/place sth.on exhibition 展出某物make an exhibition of oneself 当众出丑She refused to allow the exhibition of her husbands work.
6、她拒不允许展出她丈夫的作品。The childrens paintings are on exhibition at school.儿童的绘画在学校里展出。【易混辨析】exhibition,show与displayexhibition指综合性比较强的展览，尤其指在大的博物馆举办的展览。show规模可大可小，表达时比较随便，比如在画廊举办的展览就常用show。display指“展示，演示，陈列”，比如display of fruits“商店橱窗的水果展示”，firework display“焰火表演”，在博物馆里的固定陈列也用display。We went to an exhibition of
7、 Chinese paintings at the museum.我们去博物馆参观中国画展。The paintings were shown at the art gallery.这些画曾在美术馆展出。The cakes were displayed in the window.糕点陈列在橱窗中。即境活用用exhibition,show,display的适当形式填空(1)The photographs will be on _ until the end of the month.(2)The Whitney Museum was the first to _ Mapplethorpes ph
8、otographs.(3)Theres an Egyptian art collection on _ at the museum at the moment.exhibitionshowdisplay2shade n阴影，阴暗处in the shade 在树阴下；在暗处put sb./sth.in the shade 使某人或某事相形见绌We sat down in the shade of the wall.我们在墙根的背阴处坐下。I thought I was quite a good artist,but your painting puts mine in the shade.我原以
9、为自己画得不错，可比起你的画儿来未免相形见绌。【易混辨析】shade与shadowshade常作“阴”讲，指阳光被遮挡后出现的阴凉处，如树阴等，无一定的轮廓或边界。shadow常作“影”讲，指光线被物体挡住所产生的阴影、影子，有明显的轮廓。I saw him sitting in the shade of a tree.我看见他正坐在树阴下。Sometimes she sits alone in the shadow.有时候她独自一人坐在幽暗处。即境活用用shade,shadow的适当形式填空(1)The _ lengthened as the sun went down.(2)The tre
10、es provide _ for the animals in the summer.shadowsshade3detail n.细节，详情 vt.详述，详细说明in detail 详细地go into detail(s)详细叙述for further details 为了知道详细情况detail sth.to sb.向某人详细叙述某事This issue will be discussed in more detail in the next chapter.这个问题将在下一章详细论述。I cant go into details now;it would take too long.我现在
11、不能细说，太费工夫。For further details,please refer to page 426.详情请看四百二十六页。I detailed our plans to her.我向她详细讲述了我们的计划。4straight adj.直的 adv.直，直接；一直go straight 笔直走；直接去keep straight on 继续走(做)下去make straight for 一直向走去Go straight along this street to the traffic light.顺着这条街一直走到红绿灯处。Keep straight on for two miles.一
12、直向前走两英里。When the children have money,they make straight for the sweet shop.孩子们有了钱就直奔糖果店去。5imagination n想像，想像力leave nothing/little to the imagination 没有想像余地beyond ones imagination 某人想像不到的Her tight-fitting dress left nothing to the imagination.她的紧身连衣裙令身材显露无遗。The severity of the situation is beyond our
13、 imagination.局势的严重性超出了我们的想像。6pain n痛，疼痛，痛苦；辛苦，努力 vt.使痛苦 vi.感到疼痛She started getting severe back pains and had to stay off work.她背部开始剧烈疼痛，只得停止工作。Take these tablets if youre in pain.要是疼痛就服下这些药片。have pains/pain/a pain in部位疼be in pain在痛苦中，在苦恼中spare no pains不遗余力，全力以赴take pains to do./in doing尽力，费苦心，下苦功wit
14、h great pain煞费苦心地特别提示pain 指精神上的痛苦时为不可数名词；指肉体上的疼痛时，可数、不可数均可；指辛苦、刻苦、努力时，要用复数形式。即境活用完成句子(1)_ _，_ _.谚不劳无获。(2)She went through many _ experiences when young.年轻时她有过许多痛苦的经历。(3)He told the doctor that he _ _ _ _ the left leg.那时他跟医生说他左腿剧痛。No painsno gainspainfulhad a sharp pain in7purpose n目的 vt.打算；企图What is
15、 the purpose of the meeting?这次会议的目的是什么？What is your purpose in going to Canada?你到加拿大干什么去？They purpose making/to make a further attempt.他们有意做进一步的尝试。(1)on purpose故意的with/for the purpose of为了(2)purpose to do sth./doing sth.企图做某事(3)purposely adv.故意地即境活用完成句子(1)She hid the knife _ _.她故意将小刀藏起来。(2)He came t
16、o New York _ _ _ _ seeing his brother.他来纽约的目的是看望他的兄弟。根据语境写出划线短语的近义短语(3)If you joke with him,hell think youre insulting him by_design._on purposefor the purpose ofon purpose8mercy n仁慈；宽恕；怜悯(1)ask/beg for mercy 请求宽恕show mercy to sb.怜悯/同情/可怜某人at the mercy of 任由摆布(2)Its a mercy(that).幸运的是He went down on
17、 his knees and begged for mercy.他跪下来，乞求宽恕。Having lost engine power,the boats crew found themselves at the mercy of the wind.在失去引擎动力之后，船员们发现他们只能任凭风力摆布了。Its a mercy she wasnt seriously hurt.幸运的是她伤势不重。即境活用完成句子(1)We were lost at sea,_ _ _ _ wind and weather.我们在海上迷失了方向，任凭风和天气的摆布。(2)It _ _ _ _ the whole f
18、amily survived the earthquake.在这次地震中一家人都幸免于难，真幸运。(3)We _ _ _ the victims of the earthquake in Turkey.我们对土耳其地震中的受害者表示同情。at the mercy ofwas a mercy thatshowed mercy to9conclusion n结论；结束；结局(1)draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion得出结论make a conclusion下结论bring.to a conclusion使结束in conclusion最后，作为结论地；
19、总之(2)conclude v得出结论；断定，推断出；结束to conclude最后What conclusions do you draw from the evidence?你从证据中得出什么结论？Ive come to the conclusion that hes not fit for the job.我断定他不适合做这份工作。In conclusion,I wish all of you good health and a long life.最后，祝大家健康长寿。The book concluded with a happy ending.这本书以大团圆作为结束。I conclu
20、ded from what they said that they wanted to accept the offer.我从他们的话中推断出他们想接受这份帮助。10ruin n.U毁坏；毁灭；崩溃 n.C(pl.)废墟；遗迹 v(使)破产；(使)堕落；毁灭His hope of winning a gold medal in the Guangzhou Asian Games ruined because of his carelessness.由于粗心他在广州亚运会上获一枚金牌的希望破灭了。(1)in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪bring.to ruin 使毁灭；使没落come/fal
21、lto/into ruin 灭亡；荒废(2)ruin oneself 自取灭亡ruin ones health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/名誉The houses across the street are in ruins,but they were in good condition a few years ago.街对面的房子现在成废墟了，但几年前这些房子还很好。The war brought the country to ruin.战争毁灭了这个国家。Large quantities of houses in Zhouqu fell into ruin because of the t
22、errible debris flow.舟曲大量的房屋由于特大泥石流而毁坏。【易混辨析】destroy,ruin与damagedestroy常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏”、“毁坏”，程度较深；也可用于损坏抽象的东西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等。只用作动词。ruin亦指彻底毁掉，但不含有以某种摧毁性的力量进行破坏，而含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思。既可用作动词，也可用作名词。damage是程度较小的“破坏”、“损坏”，一般指被破坏的物品可以重新修复。既可用作动词，也可用作名词。即境活用用destroy,ruin,damage填空(1)In the big fire all their
23、houses were _，so they had to build new ones.(2)The problem is clear;man has done great _ to his home over the years.(3)An earthquake left the whole town in _.destroyeddamageruins第二版块：贯通短语1sort of 有几分；种类该短语为副词性或形容词性短语，在句中作状语或定语。(1)作“有几分”解时，作状语，主要为美国英语，是非正式用法，放在动词前面，可以用rather，somewhat，after a fashion代
24、替。Im not sure why，but I feel sort of sorry for him.我不能确定为什么，但是我感觉有点对不起他。(2)作“种类”解时，作定语，严格来说，是单数，指一种或一类事物。I can show you some jackets，sir.What sort of jacket would you like?你可以看看夹克衫，先生。你想要哪种夹克衫？特别提示kind of与sort of有相同的用法。等后面的名词用复数形式的较多。如：各种困难都需要克服【易混辨析】of a sort(kind)与be of the same sort(kind)(1)of a
25、sort/kind意为“属于某一类”，作表语或定语，常含有贬义。如：Those persons are of a sort.那些人是一丘之貉。(2)be of the same sort/kind意为“属于同类”。如：The cars in front of the hall are of the same sort/kind.大厅前的那些汽车都是同一类型的。2relate to 把联系起来；理解relate sth.to sb.向某人叙述(经历，事实等);讲述(故事)relate.to/with.把与联系起来relate to sb./sth.与某人/某事有关；涉及某人/某事物Wealth
26、is seldom related to happiness.财富鲜与幸福有关。Can you relate what happened in your childhood to your present state of mind?你能否把你童年时的遭遇同目前的心境联系起来？We shall discuss the problem as it relates to our specific case.我们应针对我们的具体情况来讨论这个问题。3try out 测试；试验，考验(1)try ones best努力；尽最大能力，尽量(2)try doing尝试做(3)try to do努力/尽力做
27、(4)try on试穿衣服；试试看(5)have a try试试看，尝试一下The idea sounds fine,but we need to try it out in practice.这个主意听起来不错，但我们要在实践中实验一下。We tried growing all our own vegetables,but found it was impossible to grow enough for the family.我们试验过蔬菜自种自吃，但发现要满足全家的需要是不可能的。The two sides are still trying to reach an agreement.
28、双方仍在试图达成一项协议。即境活用补全下列“v.out”短语_ out 显眼；出色_ out 出发；开始_ out 扑灭_ out 看清楚；理解_ out 出来；出版；传出_ out 生产；结果是_ out 大胆地说；大声地说standsetputmakecometurnspeak4hold ones breath 屏息The audience held their breath as the acrobat walked along the tightrope.杂技演员走钢丝时，观众们都屏住了呼吸。He held his breath,not daring to make any sound
29、.他屏住气，不敢弄出一点声响。get ones breath(again/back)恢复正常呼吸lose ones breath气喘吁吁，上气不接下气out of/short of breath呼吸急促；喘不过气来；上气不接下气take/draw a breath 吸一口气take sb.s breath away使某人吃惊或惊奇After climbing that long flight of stairs she was completely out of breath.爬完这么长的一段楼梯后，她已完全喘不过气来了。即境活用语法填空His heart condition makes hi
30、m short _ breath.of答案 short of breath呼吸急促；喘不过气来。5fix ones eyes on 注视His eyes were fixed on the naughty boy with anger for almost twenty minutes.他生气地盯了那个淘气的孩子将近20分钟。【易混辨析】fix ones eyes on，glare at，gaze at，glance at与stare at(1)fix ones eyes on指“凝视，盯着看”。如：She stood there，with her eyes fixed on the grou
31、nd.她站在那儿，凝视着地面。(2)glare at作“怒视”解，指带着愤怒或威胁的神情，使人有一种恐怖感。如：Dont glare at your teacher like that.You deserved the scolding.别那么瞪眼望着老师，你是该骂。(3)gaze at作“注视”解，指带着惊奇或羡慕的神情，长时间地凝视着。如：The climbers stood on top of the mountain，gazing at the splendid view.登山者站在山顶上，凝视着壮丽的景色。(4)glance at作“看一眼”解，指正在做某事时或匆忙之中迅速地看一眼。
32、如：Glancing at the watch，she told him the time.她看了一下表，告诉他几点钟了。(5)stare at作“瞪着眼看”解，指带着特别惊奇、羡慕、敌视或害怕的神情，睁大眼睛看。如：Children should be taught not to stare at the handicapped people.应教育孩子们不要盯着残疾人看。即境活用完成句子(1)_ _ _ _ what he do.别理会他做的事。(2)_ _ _ _ me,watching Zhang Manyus movies is more than enjoying a big fe
33、ast.在我看来，观看张曼玉的电影不亚于享受一顿大餐。(3)He was deep in thought with his eyes _ _ the ceiling.他盯着天花板陷入沉思。Shut your eyes toIn the eyes offixed on第三版块：突破句式1Qi Baishis style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and makes them use their imagination.齐白石的绘画风格往往给观众留下猜想，并让观众空间想像。本句中含有“leave宾语宾语补足语”结构。该句式意为“使
34、保留，使某人(某物)继续处于某种状态、某地等”。该句式中leave为及物动词，意思是“使处于；听任”，宾语后接形容词、副词、分词、不定式、介词短语、名词或从句等补足语。其常见结构归纳如下：(1)leave宾语形容词/副词。如：Leave the door open and you will breathe fresh air.让门开着你就会呼吸到新鲜的空气。(2)leave宾语现在分词，其中宾语与宾补之间形成逻辑上的主谓关系。如：Dont leave me waiting outside too long.别让我在外面等候太久。(3)leave宾语过去分词，其中宾语与宾补之间形成逻辑上的动宾关
35、系。如：The bad weather left the project half finished.糟糕的天气使工程只完成了一半。(4)leave宾语介词短语/名词。如：Teds parents went abroad and left him in the care of his grandmother.Ted的父母都出国了，他由祖母照料。His parents both died last year,leaving him an orphan.他的父母去年双双去世了，留下他一个孤儿。(5)leave宾语动词不定式。如：They killed the bison,cut off the s
36、kins and left the bodies to rot.他们把野牛杀死，剥了皮，丢下尸体任其腐烂。(6)leave宾语where引导的地点状语从句。如：Leave the medicine where the children cant reach it.把药放在孩子们够不到的地方。特别提示A.leave宾语to/with sb.表示“把留给/交给某人”，如：把它交给我，我看看我能做些什么。他把好多书都存在我这儿/留给了我。表示“暂存”，以后还要取回。leave sth.to sb.表示以后不再归还。如：我们没找到他，于是就给他的邻居留了张条儿。不用to，因为便条还要交给别人归纳拓展1
37、leave宾语地点状语，leave作“留下”“丢下”“落下”解，常表示“将某物/某人落在/忘在某地”。如：home把某物遗忘在家；把某人留在家遗落某物；留下某人最好把鞋脱掉，放在外面。我把钥匙忘在阅览室了。2There is something/nothing left.有/没有东西剩下。leave的过去分词left，常用作后置定语，表示“剩下的”remaining也可表示“剩余的”，它只能作前置定语。如：there any water left in the bottle？瓶子里还有水吗？hurry；不要着急，还有十分钟。即境活用完成句子(1)His illness has _ _ _ _.
38、他的病让他很虚弱。(2)Dont _ _ _ _.不要让她在外面等着。(3)Leave him _ _ _ a while!让他安静一会儿吧！(4)He went to work _ _ _ _.他没吃完午饭就去上班了。left him very weakleave her waiting outsidein peace forleaving the lunch unfinished2I wish I could have bought a painting.但愿我买了一幅这样的油画I wish I did/were.但愿我(表示与现在事实相反的愿望)I wish I had done(would/could have done).但愿我(表示与过去事实相反的愿望)I wish I should/would/could/might do.但愿我(表示将来不可能实现的愿望)I wish I knew everything in the world.但愿我能知道世界上所有的东西。I wish I hadnt eaten so much.我倒希望我没有吃这么多。I wish that someday I should live on the moon.但愿有一天我能生活在月球上。
