1、Unit 2 Language Module31.confuse vt.使迷惑；混淆 confusing adj.令人迷惑的；confused 糊涂的 confusion n.混乱；混淆2.Europe n.欧洲 European adj.欧洲的；欧洲人的 European n.欧洲人3.invade vt.侵略 invasion n.侵略；invader 侵略者4.create vt.创作；创造 creative adj.创造性的；有创造力的 creation n.创造；creativity 创造性，创造力；creature(上帝创造的)生物 热 点 单 词5.contribute v.贡献
2、，捐献，促成 contribution n.贡献，捐献；contributor 贡献者 contributory adj.捐助的，有贡献的6.conquer vt.征服，攻克 conquest n.征服，攻克；conqueror 征服者7.replace vt.取代；把放回原处 replacement n.取代；放回原处 replaceable adj.能够被取代的8.serve v.服务，服役；上(菜等)，敬(烟等)service n.服务，服役 热 点 单 词9.adopt v.采取，采纳；收养adoption n.收养；采纳 adoptive adj.收养的；采纳的10.moderniz
3、e v.现代化 modernization n.现代化 modern adj.现代的11.pronounce vt.发音 pronunciation n.读音，发音12.process vt.加工，处理 process n.过程 processed adj.加工过的13.difficulty n.困难，难点 difficult adj.困难的热 点 单 词1.Knowledge is what you know about the world.2.The two companies seem to disagree about many points of the program,but ho
4、pefully they will talk about their disagreements and reach a contract.3.To easethe problem of overcrowding,new prisons should be built.However,it is not an easy job to get enough cash for that.热 点 单 词4.Most western countries are multiracial nations,that is,nations of many different races.5.The two p
5、ictures differ in several ways.Lets see who is the first to find out the differences between the two.6.We have got numerous data about the economical conditions of the country,and every item is numbered.热 点 单 词7.Thomas,I know you are an active young man.What are you waiting for?Take action now and g
6、et what you deserve!8.The two countries thought about combining against their common enemy,but before their combination could work,the central government of their enemy had been toppled by its people.热 点 单 词9.What makes you think that its just a physical change rather than a chemical one?You must kn
7、ow the physics working in the process.10.If young Chinese knew that their written language has already undergone systematic simplification，they wouldnt complain that the characters are not simple enough to learn.热 点 单 词11.Although the emperor had been ill for a long time,it still came as a shock whe
8、n he died eventually.And his funeral became the top national event.12.That fact that he makes more efforts now to keep up with better students is a reflection of a change in his attitude towards studies.Anything else that reflects it?热 点 单 词 根据中文填单词完成句子，每空一词(记忆时，用下列横线上的新单词造句记忆)1.整个历史上，无数令人不解的因素致使统治者
9、侵略和征服下层阶级。Throughout history,numerous confusing factors contributed to the rulers invasion and conquest of the lower classes.热 点 单 词2.那个不知名的仆人饲养牛有困难；他喜欢吃羊肉和咸猪肉。The unknown servant，who feels like eating mutton and bacon，has some difficulty in raising oxen.3.现在，政府部门已经制定了一些创造复杂符号的标准。Nowadays，the govern
10、ment department has set some standards for creating complex symbols.热 点 单 词4.那个代表在查找一些汉字以及纯英语发音的词组和现代方言。The representative is looking up some Chinese characters，phrases and modern dialects with pure English pronunciation.5.最初三个山峰放一起的象形文字最终变成了今天所用的这个汉字，这反映了中国文字的发展。The pictograph originally with three
11、 peaks together eventually turned into the character used today,which reflects the development of Chinese writing.热 点 单 词重 点 短 语根据中文写出英文短语 1.由组成 be made up of/consist of 2.代表(的含义)stand for 3.依靠；依赖；取决于 depend on/upon 4.母语 mother/native tongue/language 5.拿起，举起 lift up/pick up 6.控制 take control of 7.与谈
12、一谈 have a word with 重 点 短 语8.拿起，捡起 pick up 9.关注；关心；在意 care about 10.曾经 at one time 11.总的来说，总体来看 as a whole/on the whole 12.不同于 differ from 13.对有影响 have an impact on 14.是的成因之一 contribute to 15.(原因)在于 in that 1.That is why“那就是的原因。”why引导的从句是表语从句，表原因。2.is what“就是的。”what连接的是表语从句。3.find it hard to“发现很难。”i
13、t是形式宾语，不定式短语是真正宾语。4.Whatdreamt of has come true.“所梦想的事情已经实现了。”what引导主语从句，what在从句中作of的宾语。重 点 句 型.根据课文中的重点句子进行同义转换 1.That is why English is a language with so many confusing rules.That is the reason why English is a language with so many confusing rules.2.The language they created is what we now call
14、Old English.The language that/which they created is the one that we now call Old English.重 点 句 型3.I want to have a word with you about the condition of the playground.I would like to speak/talk to you about the condition of the playground.4.Hope that you will think about my concerns.It is my hope th
15、at you will take my concerns into consideration.5.I expect your reply.I look forward to your answer.重 点 句 型重 点 句 型.汉译英 1.你对自己没有信心，那就是你要依赖朋友的原因。(why)You have no confidence in yourself,and thats why you have to depend on your friends.2.他对女儿的生活一点都不关心，那就是她对他冷漠的原因。(distant;what)He doesnt care about his d
16、aughters life.Thats what makes her distant from him.重 点 句 型3.我发现要找到现状的成因简直不可能。(find;contribute;what)I find it simply impossible to find out what contributed to the present situation.4.对月球影响最大的当然应该是太阳和地球。(what;impact)What has the biggest impact on the moon is surely the sun and the earth.重 点 单 词1、acc
17、essn.通路，接近/使用进入某地的方法/权利/可能性，接近某人的方法/权利/可能性He is a man of easy access.他是一个很好接近的人。Citizens may have free access to the library.市民可以免费使用这个图书馆。重 点 单 词We have_access_to the Internet in the classroom.我们在教室里可以上互联网。The_only_access_to the man is through his secretary.唯一能接近此人的方法是通过其秘书。v.接近，使用I cant access the
18、 file on your company because Iveforgotten the code.我无法使用贵公司的文件，因为我把代码忘了。重 点 单 词accessible adj.可(或易)得到的;可使用的；随和的be accessible to容易得到的；可使用的have/gain/obtain access to得以接近，会见；得以进入，使用give access to接见；准许进入拓展Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible tochildren.药品不应放在儿童容易拿到的地方。重 点 单 词 Im afraid th
19、ese shoes are not _ in your size.A.applicable B.availableC.accessible D.adaptableBavailable 可得到的。解析重 点 单 词2、raise(1)举起She raised her finger to her lips as a sign for silence.她举起一根手指放在唇边，示意肃静。(2)提高(音量、价格、程度等)The landlord raised_my_rent.房东提高了我的租金。(3)种植(农作物等)、饲养(家禽等)、抚养(子女)The farmer raises_chickens an
20、d corn.农夫养鸡和种植玉米。重 点 单 词(4)筹集(资金)We hope to raise_a_lot_of_money for the peoplesuffering in the earthquake.我们想为这次地震受灾者筹一大笔钱。(5)唤起、引起His funny stories raised a few laughs.他有趣的故事引来一阵笑声。(6)提出(问题等)I wonder if I could raise this problem with you now.不知我现在能否向您提及这问题。重 点 单 词raise sb.to ones feet把某人扶起来raise
21、ones voice提高声音raise a family养家糊口拓展重 点 单 词 Steam can be seen _ from wet clothes.A.roseB.raiseC.to raiseD.to riseD seerise 看到升起来。当see用于被动语态时,用不定式作主语补足语,表示看到的全过程。解析重 点 单 词3、consistconsistof由组成,不能用于被动语态(=be made up of)The committee _ nine members set out for thedisaster area immediately.A.consisted ofB.
22、consisting ofC.made ofD.made up forB consisting of 由组成。在句中作定语。解析重 点 单 词4、indicatevt.表明，指示，表示，显示，示意What do they indicate?他们表示什么意思？The symptoms indicate immediate surgery.症状表明急需外科手术。When quoting old sayings,please indicate thespecific reference(s)引用名言时必须加列参考书目。重 点 单 词There is a great deal of evidence
23、_ that musicactivities engage different parts of the brain.A.indicateB.indicatingC.to indicateD.to be indicatingB 句意“有大量证据表明音乐活动调动大脑不同的部位。”考查非谓语动词作定语。B项作定语表主动，相当于which indicates。解析重 点 单 词5、replacevt.把放回(原处);取代;以代替(+with)He replaced the book in the shelf.他把书放回到书架上。Obama has replaced George Bush as th
24、e newpresident of the USA.奥巴马取代了布什成为美国的新总统。重 点 单 词replace=take the place of 取代；代替replace A with B以B代替/替换Ain place of 取代；代替(=instead of代替;而不是)take ones place 代替某人；就位；就职take place 发生拓展他们将坐飞机去广州，而不是坐火车。They will go to Guangzhou by plane in place of bytrain.重 点 单 词6、adoptvt.收养；过继；采用,采取(计划、方法、措施等),采纳(意见)
25、They are not my real parents.I was_adopted bythem at the age of three.他们不是我的亲生父母，我是在3岁时被收养的。Our school has_adopted_a_new_teaching_method.我们学校采用了新的教学方法。Thegeneralmanagerdecidedtoadopthissuggestion after much deliberation.总经理经过再三思考后，决定采纳他的建议。重 点 单 词Its too early to say whether IBMs competitors willbe
26、able to _ their products to the changing market.A.contributeB.adaptC.attachD.adoptB contribute A to B是把A贡献给B;attach A toB是将A附加在B上;adopt 是采纳,领养;adapt适应。adapt A to B使A适应B。句意：现在就评判IBM的竞争对手是否能使他们的产品适应变化的市场还太早了。解析重 点 单 词7、contributevt.&vi.捐献，捐赠；贡献出；投稿(+to)contribute sth.to sth.将某物捐献/贡献给；向供稿contribute to
27、sth.也是的原因，促成/助长The writer personally contributed 5,000 dollars to theearthquake fund.那位作家个人给地震基金会捐赠了5000美元。重 点 单 词His carelessness contributed_to the accident.他的粗心大意也是造成事故的原因。He contributes regularly to English Weekly.他定期给英语周报投稿。Im sure regular exercise will contribute_to_curingyour disease.我相信有规律地锻
28、炼将有助于治疗你的病。make contributions to 为作贡献拓展重 点 单 词8、recordn.记录；成绩；履历break/beat the record 破记录set the record创记录hold the record保持记录keep a record of sth.把记录下来make a record制作唱片重 点 单 词You should keep_a_record_of how much youspend.你应该把花的钱数记下来。v.记录，记载；录音，录像I record the score in a notebook.我在笔记本上记下了分数。Ill recor
29、d_the_film so that we can all watch it later.我将录下这部电影，以便以后我们都能看。recording n.录音，录音制品make a recording of 录制 recorder n.录音机拓展重 点 单 词9、spreadvt.展开，播种，推广 vi.传播,展现The little girl is old enough to spread the tablecloth for her mother.小女孩够大了，她可以帮助妈妈铺桌布了。Soon the news spread throughout the whole village.消息很快
30、就传遍了整个村庄。重 点 单 词The virus is_spreading_fast_across_the_country.这种病毒正在飞速向全国扩散。另外，spread也可以用作名词，表示“传播”等意思。In2009,the_spread_ofA/H1N1madethegovernment worried much.2009年，甲型流感的蔓延让政府很是担心。重 点 短 语1、in a word一句话,总而言之His behavior was,in a word,shocking.总之,他的行为是令人震惊的。in ones own words 用某人自己的话来说in other words
31、换句话说,也就是说word for word 逐字地拓展重 点 短 语Tell me what happened in_your_own_words.用你自己的话把发生的事情告诉我。His wife is my daughter,in_other_words,_I amhis motherinlaw.他妻子是我女儿，换句话讲，我是他的岳母。Dont translate word for word,sentence forsentence.不要逐字逐句地翻译。重 点 短 语2、take control of 掌管Its no easy task to take control of a clas
32、s ofchildren.管住一个班的小孩子可不是件容易的事。The British government at that time took control ofthe island.当时的英国政府控制该岛。重 点 短 语As Mary was in poor health,I was asked to _ thebusiness.A.in control ofB.under the control ofC.take control ofD.have a control ofCtake control of 掌管。解析重 点 短 语3、辨析care about,care for(1)care
33、 about 关心；介意；担忧(2)care for 喜欢；照顾He never cares about what people think about hisappearance.他从来不在乎别人怎么看待他的相貌。重 点 短 语After the earthquake,the injured were _ in thelocal hospitals or taken by air to the hospitals in theneighbouring cities.A.cared ofB.cared forC.taken careD.cared afterBcare of 由转交；care
34、for 关怀、照顾；take care 小心、当心；没有care after 这个搭配。theinjured 是“伤员”的意思，伤员应该被照顾，选B。解析重 点 短 语5、辨析at one time,at a time（1）at one time 一次，同时；一度，曾经At one time they met frequently.一度他们经常见面。（2）at a time 每次，一次Order!One at a time,please.守秩序！请一个一个来。Take two pills at a time.一次服两颗(药)。重 点 短 语at times有时，间或at the time of
35、 在时候at all times始终，经常at any time在任何时候at the same time 同时，而at no time在任何时候都不in no time立刻，马上拓展重 点 短 语for the time being暂时for some time一段时间for some times一些次数by the time到时候from time to time有时in time及时；迟早on time准时拓展重 点 短 语Experts have been warning _ of the health riskscaused by passive smoking.A.at a tim
36、eB.at one timeC.for some timeD.for the timeC 句意：专家们提醒注意被动吸烟给健康带来的危害已有一段时间了。考查介词搭配。A每次、逐一、依次；B一度，曾经；C一段时间；D暂时，眼下。解析疑 难 句 型1、The language they created is what we now callOld English.他们创造的语言就是我们现在称之为古英语的语言。what连接表语从句，意为“所的”，在表语从句中作call的直接宾语，Old English为间接宾语。疑 难 句 型Many young people in the East in the p
37、ast areexpected to leave _ could be lifes most importantdecision marriage almost entirely up to theirparents.A.asB.thatC.whichD.what疑 难 句 型D 考查宾语从句。句中what could be lifes mostimportant decision marriage作leave的宾语。what在宾语从句中既起连接作用，又在从句中充当主语。as常用于suchas和the sameas的搭配中；that在名词性从句中只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，无意义；wh
38、ich 哪一个。解析疑 难 句 型The companies are working together to create _they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21stcentury.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whoC 句意：这些公司共同致力于创造他们所希望的21世纪最好的运输方式。考查宾语从句。what在宾语从句中既起连接作用，又在从句中充当主语。they hope为插入语，what意思为“所创造的事物”。解析疑 难 句 型2、Today,the spread of borrowed words isdu
39、e to easily accessed television and radioprogrammes from across the world,and theInternet.今天，世界各地都可以方便地收看收听电视和广播节目，还有因特网的普及，使得外来词广为传播。疑 难 句 型(1)easily accessed 是定语，修饰后面的television andradio programmes。The_easily_accessed_computer_systemisunsafefrom hackers.这个易进入的电脑系统，很不安全，会遭到黑客的攻击。(2)due to 由于，因为 Due_to_his_illness,_Mike didnt come to schooltoday.由于生病，迈克今天没来上学。