1、第5讲 Under the sea 词汇篇_1. 熟练掌握重点单词及其用法；2. 能够熟练运用重点短语和句型。一. 重点词汇1.annual adj. 每年的；按年度计算的 n. 年刊；年鉴重点用法annually adv. 年年地, 每年地典例 1) an annual income. 年收入2) an annual report年度报告3) Premier Wen Jiabao noted that the two most important problems would be previous to anything else in the government annual repo
2、rt.温家宝总理在政府年度报告中指出要优先解决这两大问题。2. witness n. 目击者；证人；证据vt. 当场见到；目击典例 1) He is the witness to the accident. 事故的目击者2) This old auditorium has witnessed many ceremonies. 这个古老的礼堂内举行过许多次典礼。3. accommodation住所 重点用法accommodate v.向.提供, 容纳, 调和; 适应accommodation address临时通讯处accommodation allowance膳宿津贴典例 1) The hig
3、h cost of accommodation makes life difficult for students in London. 由于住宿费用昂贵，伦敦的学生感到生活困难。2) The university offers excellent accommodation for summer visitors. 这所大学为夏季来访者提供了很好的住宿。4. abandon vt. 放弃；遗弃；抛弃n. 放任，狂热重点用法abandon oneself to sth./doing sth. 沉溺于abandon to sb. 把舍弃给.with abandon放任地；放纵地；纵情地典例 1)
4、 They abandoned all hope of finding an effective way to solve the problem.他们放弃了寻找有效方法解决问题的所有希望。2) We should keep off those who abandon themselves to drugs. 我们要远离那些吸毒成瘾的人。3) Dont waste the food left, and abandon it to the dog. 不要浪费剩下的食物，把它舍弃给狗吃。5. reflect vt. 映射；反射vi. & vt. 思考重点用法reflection n. 反射；反映；
5、思考；沉思reflective adj. 反射的；反映的；沉思的reflect on v. 思考，反省典例 1) Her severe look reflected how she really felt. 她那冷峻的神情反映出她心中的真正感受。2) Mirrors reflect light. 镜子能反射光线。3) I reflected on possible reasons for my failure. 我仔细考虑导致我失败的种种原因。6. aware adj. 意识到的；知道的重点用法unaware不察觉的, 不知道的awareness n. 知道, 晓得bebecome aware
6、 of sth. 意识到某事be aware that-clause知道；意识到make sb. aware that-clause提醒某人注意make sb. aware of让某人注意到典例 1) He wasnt aware of the danger. 他没有意识到危险。2) Is she aware that Im coming? 她知道我要来吗?注意：aware后跟名词性从句时，一般在从句前不能用of，但在what从句前必须用of。7. scare vt. 恐吓vi. 受惊吓重点用法scaring adj. 令人害怕的；吓人的scared adj. 受惊吓的；感到害怕的be sca
7、red of(=be afraid of) 遇到(某种事物或行为)而害怕be scared to do. (=be afraid to do)不敢做be scared to death吓死了典例 1) You scared me by coming in so quietly. 你这么悄悄地进来吓了我一跳。2) Most girls are scared to light the firework.大多女孩不敢放烟花。 二.重点词组1. sort out整理；挑出；解决(问题困难)短语归纳 sort through 查看并挑选出put away 把存放好典例1) Ive sorted out
8、the papers that can be thrown away. 我已经把那些可以扔掉的报纸整理出来了。2) Weve got a few lime problems to sort out. 我们有几个小问题要解决。3) He was sorting through a pile of papers on his desk他在整理桌上的一堆文件。2. help out 帮助（摆脱困难或危难）；协助；使脱离困境短语归纳 help sb with sth帮助某人做某事with the help of在.的帮助下, 借助help oneself to请随便自己动手(夹菜吃、用等)cant h
9、elp doing sth禁不住cant help but do sth只得；不得不典例1) Can you help me out with the maths problem? 你能帮我解出这道数学题吗?2) Please help yourself to some fish. 随便吃点鱼。3) She cant help laughing. 她忍不住大笑起来。4) I cant help but wait. 我只得等。3. throw oneself out of 跃出典例1) The man suddenly threw himself out of the water and sai
10、d“Im here”. 那个人突然跃出水面说“我在这儿”。短语归纳 throw oneself at冲向throw oneself into投身于；积极从事throw away扔掉throw up呕吐throw sb into prison把某人投入监狱；throw at对准向扔去(希望击中)；throw to向(方向)扔去4. upside down 上下翻转过来短语归纳 inside out里面翻转过来的典例1) The naughty child is always turning everything in the room upside down. 这淘气的孩子老是把房问的东西搞得乱
11、七八糟。 2) He wore the sweatshirt inside out. 他当时把运动衫反过来穿。三. 重点句子1. It was a time when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch thebaleen whales that were on their annual migration.那个时期，虎鲸（当时被称为“杀手”）帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。解释It was/is a time when 曾经一度（那时）典例1) It was
12、a time when motorcars were rare. 那是汽车很罕见的时代。2) It was a time when she could not bear the pain and wanted to kill herself.她曾经无法忍受病痛，想结束自己的生命。2. I had already heard that George didnt like being kept waiting, so even though I didnt have the rightclothes on, raced after him.我早就听说过，乔治不喜欢等人，所以尽管我还没穿上捕鲸该穿的
13、衣服，还是跟在他背后跑了起来。解释even though=even if即使，即便（引导让步状语从句）典例1) We wont give up even if we should ten times.即便我们失败十次，我们也不会失败。2) Even though you may lose the chance of meeting your friend, you can not miss the meeting thisafternoon.即使你可能会失去会见朋友的机会，（但是你）也不能错过下午的会议。3. Im sitting in the warm night air with a co
14、ld drink in my hand and reflecting on the day-a day of puremagic!我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情-这可是奇妙至及的一天。解释with+宾语+宾语补足语 在句中充当状语，表伴随，原因等典例1) The teacher came in with a thick book in her hand.老师走了进来，手里拿着一本厚厚的书。2) With a local villager leading the way, we found his house easily.有当地村民带路，我们很容易就找到了他家。3) W
15、ith a lot of problems to solve, the newly-elected president felt like a cat on hot bricks.由于有很多问题急待解决，新当选的总统急得像热锅上的蚂蚁。1.(2015 安徽高考)If you come to visit China, you will experience a culture of amazing (deep) and variety.答案: depth解析: 根据and可以得知，前面需要的是名词，deep 的名词词性是：depth。2. (2015山东临沂四中高二下)The likely re
16、actions of the market need to be before we act.A. considered onB. based onC. relied onD. reflected on答案: D解析: A考虑，B基于.，C依赖，D反应；根据句意应为D。 3.(2015湖北襄阳高二下)When he was a child, he often listened to the stories told by his grandfather, who lived through the Anti-Japanese War and had a memory of it. A. abs
17、urdB. vividC. parallelD. Elegant答案: B解析:A荒唐的，B形象的，C平行的，D优雅的；根据句意应为B。 4. The final score of the basketball match was 93-94. We were only beaten.A. NearlyB. SlightlyC. NarrowlyD. Lightly答案: C解析: A几乎，B轻微，C勉强地，D轻微地；根据句意应为C。5. Nowadays, there is a increase in childrens creativity, for they are greatly en
18、couraged to develop their talents.A. SharpB. SlightC. NaturalD. Modest 答案: A解析: A急剧的，B轻微的，C自然的，D谦虚的；根据句意为A。基础演练一. 根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1) The lake is over 20 meters in _ so we were all moved _ by the man who dived _ into the lake to save the little boy.(deep)2) I _ remember the girl dressed in _ co
19、lor he drew in the exhibition.(vivid)3) Anyone who launches a war is _ and is _ by people who love peace all around the world. (aware)4) The _ of energy will help us research the way to save and _ the energy. (conserve)5) Though the soup is _, Ive lost my sense of _ and it _just like _water.(taste)k
20、ey:1) depth; deeply; deep 2) vividly; vivid 3) awesome; awed 4) conservation; conserve 5) tasty; taste; tastes; tasteless巩固提高二.课文词汇等填空根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法： 1 the morning of 19th January I went snorkeling. 2 (see) such extraordinary beauty, I thought every cell in my body woke up and 3 was like
21、 discovering a whole new dimension of life. During the trip, I first became aware of the vivid colors 4 (围绕) me and the fantastic corals, in and around 5 all kinds of elegant fish 6 (be) swimming among them. 7 there are still something 8 made me feel 9 (害怕). For example, I didnt want to get close to
22、 the eel, the giant clam and the grey reef sharks, for they made me scared to death 10 a moment. Key: 1. On2. seeing3. it4. surrounding5. which6. were7. But8. that9. frightened10. for1. Please post this letter in the post office nearby, and _, I will get two tickets in the train station. A. in meant
23、imeB. on the meanwhileC. in meanwhileD. in the meantime 2. Dont turn the room _, as I have just tidied it.A. upside downB. InsideC. OutsideD. inside down3. Most parents are not _ the danger of their babies eating jelly, which causes most unfortunate incidents to happen.A. well aware toB. very aware
24、ofC. aware thatD. well aware of 4. I need time to _ on what you offered. A. ConsiderB. ReflectC. ImagineD. suggest 5. When the war broke out, people had to _their unnecessaries and put away the valuable to flee away with the necessities.A. AbandonB. ReleaseC. DiscourageD. resign6. With their parents
25、 _observing their actions，these naughty boys didnt dare to make trouble.A. SharplyB. EspeciallyC. NarrowlyD. generally7. I was so dull that several days went by before I was _of what was happening.A. InformedB. AwareC. RemindedD. independent8. My father has often _ me _ when Ive been a bit short of
26、money.A. sent; outB. driven; offC. helped; outD. pulled; in9. Is there anyone in your class who _ the car accident that happened in front of our school this morning?A. WitnessedB. ObservedC. IntroducedD. predicted10. Before I give you my final decision, I need time to _your suggestion once again.A.
27、pick outB. try outC. test outD. reflect on11. His fatal mistake has become the_, for which his team lost the chance to reach the last 16 in the World Cup.A. ExampleB. HandleC. FaceD. target12. Im not surprised that he became a writer.Even as a child he had a _ imagination.A. ClearB. CautiousC. Funny
28、D. vivid13. The public _ of the environmental problem will make the government take it seriously.A. AwarenessB. RevolutionC. ExistenceD. evidence14. (2015福建高二下期中) People like taking photos because photos are the of youth and history and can remind us of many happy scenes.A. WitnessB. GuidanceC. Evid
29、enceD. approval15. (2015 湖北高二下期中) They are preparing themselves for a new life in America, but they dont want to their old life entirely.A. AttemptB. AdoptC. AbandonD. abolish Key: 1-5 DADBA6-10 CBCAD11-15DDAAC_一.单词拼写1. The small animals were s_ to run away when they saw a tiger walking towards them
30、.2. Anyone with an a_ income of under 5 000 yuan may be eligible to apply.3. He a_ his wife and went away with all their money.4. He doesnt seem to be a_ of the coldness of their attitude towards his appeal.5. We w_ tremendous changes in the city.Key: scared; annual; abandoned; aware; witnessed二. 阅读
31、理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。词数：310完成时间：7分钟难度：* In 1983 a presidential committee warned that, The educational foundations of our society are presently threatening our very future as a nation. More than two decades later, that report, A Nation at Risk, is still suitable for the current
32、 situation. Americas schools are failing us. Theyre not preparing enough young people to succeed in the 21st century. Standardized test scores show that student achievement is quite low. But those scores dont tell the whole story of this rising crisis. Consider these: * Nearly 30 percent of students
33、 dont graduate from high school. * 40 percent of college freshmen need remedial classes (辅导班) because they are unprepared. * While U.S. grade-schoolers outrank ( 等级高于) many of their international peers, high-scholars dont do so well. Sadly, more and more young adults arent ready for college or work
34、- or for life. Theyre not getting the skills to compete in todays rapidly developing knowledge economy even as other countries grow more competitive. By standing still, were falling behind. So, a good first step would be to lift our expectations for what each child is capable of learning. A solid se
35、cond step would be to adopt national education standards that emphasize main studies - math, science, English and history - and measure results with national testing. In an age when learning a technique requires as much intelligence as understanding a textbook, all students need the same base of kno
36、wledge, whether they will go off to college or not. And a third step is to give vocational (职业的) training. Not everyone should be on the college track - and a strong vocational teaching system might just lower the 30% high school dropout (辍学) rate. No single solution - higher standards, charter scho
37、ols (特许学校), merit pay (记功付酬) for teachers can magically solve our educational problems. What we need is a systematic, national plan that combines the smartest reforms and takes brave risks.41. According to the authors opinion, we can conclude that _. A. the report, A Nation at Risk, only reflected t
38、he previous educational situation in AmericaB. the American educational system was considered to secure the nations future during the past twenty yearsC. the 1983 report is, to some degree, too old to describe the present educational situation wellD. in view of the present educational situation, Ame
39、rican basic education doesnt function well42. The authors attitude toward Americas schools is that of _. A. unconcern B. dissatisfaction C. tolerance D. sympathy43. Through the passage, the author wants to tell us that_.A. the problems of the present Americas schools are very different from those of
40、 two decades agoB. if the financial problems are solved, the problems of Americas schools will disappearC. varieties of schools should be built to solve the problems of Americas schoolsD. proper strategies and reforms are needed in the course of solving the problems44. National education standards e
41、mphasize the importance of _.A. main basic subjects in schoolsB. learning a techniqueC. the ability to understandD. the same base of knowledge45. What is the passage mainly about?A. Emerging crisis in Americas schools.B. Solving American education problems.C. Educational foundation of American socie
42、ty.D. The importance of adopting national educational standards.Key: DBDAB三. 基础写作 有外商来某工业区(Industrial Development Zone)参观访问，请你陪同他们参观，并用英语向他们介绍开发区的情况，介绍如下： 1. 开发区占地20平方公里，有8家工厂和5个仓库。 2. 位于珠江河畔，东临101国道，离市区只有20分钟汽车路程。 3. 水电供应齐全，管理服务优良。 4. 工业区还将扩大，双方均会受益。 (写作要求 1. 开头已经为你写好，不计入句数。 2. 用5个句子写这篇短文。 Ladies a
43、nd gentlemen,You are welcome to our Industrial Development Zone. Now let me give you a brief introduction to the zone. Key:Ladies and gentlemen,You are welcome to our Industrial Development Zone. Now let me give you a brief introduction to the zone. Our zone covers an area of 20 square kilometers an
44、d there are eight factories and five store houses in it. It lies by the Pearl River and Highway 101 runs past on its east. It is only twenty minutes drive from here to the downtown. Power and water here are well supplied. The management and service are excellent. Our zone is to be enlarged and you are welcome to start factories in this zone. Im sure that will do good to both of us.