1、2018-2019 学年江西省景德镇市第一中学高二上学期期中考试英 语注意事项：1答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第 I 卷（选择题）一、阅读理解Sometimes the best advice doesnt come from a book,a
2、microphone,from behind a desk in Washington or even from the people who are the leaders in their fields.Sometimes the best life lessons are found deep in the roots of where we came from.My father passed away years ago,but I always remember the lessons he taught me.Three of them particularly shape my
3、 perspective day after day.The first one is that little things make big things happen.To the best of my memory,when I was young,we needed to build a new shed.Those were the days when stores like Home Depot and Lowes didnt exist.Brand-new timber(木料)was expensive,so folks often reused the materials th
4、at others in the community didnt need.That summer,Dad and I used the boards from an old abandoned barn.We pulled them down one by one,drew the nails out and took off the tin and straightened it in order to reuse it.We got our supplies back to our yard and got to work.I dont know how much of a help I
5、 really was,but I chose to stay beside Dad the entire period,working along with him.The sun was hot that day,and sweat formed and ran down our faces.I stood there and handed him the nails one by one,which were hammered into that shed.Dad made me feel proud of my work.Even though I just handed him th
6、e nails,he repeatedly emphasized how we built the new shed“together”.He taught me that when youre willing to do hard work,even in little things,big things come together.The second one is that we should honor our promises.As a young man,my father always carried a pocket-sized Bible in his chest pocke
7、t.Shortly before the invasion of Normandy in 1944,he prayed for Gods protection and promised God that if he made it home,he would make sure his family attended church every Sunday.Well,he made it home and he kept that promise.I cannot remember a Sunday when Dad did not take my mother,my siblings and
8、 me to church even when we were away on vacation.I now have my Dads pocket Bible.It is one of my most treasured possessions,and it serves as a constant reminder of my dads service to his country.However,it also serves as a visual representation of my dads firm determination to keep his promises.Toda
9、y,I place great value on my family and my faith,undoubtedly because of my dads example.This lesson of promise has been introduced into all areas of my life.The third one is that listening is a way to acquire wisdom.My dad and I kept ourselves busy doing a lot of things together.During the nights of
10、late summer,after dinner,the whole family would gather on our small porch to talk as the sun went down.Sometimes an aunt or uncle would drop by,and at other times my grandparents would be there.They would talk about the neighborhood news,the goings-on in modern Western society and politics mostly or
11、dinary things,but it was good to sit there listening and to be together.Moreover,sitting there on the porch as dusk faded into night,I learned the value of listening and observing.Sometimes taking a moment to pause gives us the best perspective and sometimes we find the best answers simply by listen
12、ing.Life in America becomes more complex.However,I like to think back to the simple lessons I learned from my father.They were the building blocks of my character and the values that still guide me today.Perhaps someone who has influence on your life taught you life lessons that helped form your cha
13、racter.Im convinced that our nation could gain a lot by applying these lessons today.If we did,I think we would be reminded that the reason why our nation has become great is not merely that we have had wise leaders or well-spoken elected officials.Our nation has become great because of those ordina
14、ry Americans like my father,who have pride in their work,place great value on honesty,character and commitments,and pass those lessons on to their children and grandchildren.And that is the reason why we are still great today.1While building the new shed with his father,the author.A tried his best t
15、o help his fatherB realized how hard his father workedC managed to get in touch with some folksD was curious about everything2Why does the author keep his fathers pocket Bible?A He has great faith in religion.B It reminds him to keep his promises.C He takes it to church every Sunday.此卷只装订不密封班级姓名准考证号
16、考场号座位号D It reminds him of his fathers survival in the match.3What does the author intend to tell us in the passage?A The importance of keeping family values.B Three lessons he learned from his father.C The happy time he spent with his father.D The factors making a country rich and strong.4It can be
17、inferred from the passage that.A wise leaders determine a countrys statusB the author dislikes the well-spoken officialsC ordinary people have an effect on a countrys futureD the authors father was greater than anyone else in his heartIts rare that the protagonist in a Chinese movie wins the audienc
18、es hearts with an emotionally uplifting message,rather than by showing off his or her good looks.But Wolf Warrior II is putting China in the global spotlight.Its also the first film to taste success both in terms of box office earnings and promoting Chinese values.Kung fu artist Wu Jing both starred
19、 in and directed the action movie.Since its release on July 27,its earned an unimaginable 4.5 billion yuan,setting a record for domestic movies at the box office.The success of the film has surpassed the anticipations of all,including the production team.The film focuses on a rescue operation in Afr
20、ica,led by former special forces soldier Leng Feng-played by Wu.Leng helps Chinese workers and local Africans flee a war-torn and plague-ravaged country.Wolf Warrior II links art to reality,and reminds people of the massive evacuation of Chinese people from Libya when civil war broke out there in 20
21、11,and from Yemen in 2015,as well as the challenges the Ebola virus created in West Africa from 2013 to 2016.The film describes how the Chinese government aims to protect overseas Chinese citizens.Just as the message at the end of the film reads:“Citizens of the Peoples Republic of China.When you en
22、counter danger in a foreign land,do not give up!Please remember,at your back stands a strong motherland.”Thanks to Chinas increasing participation in global affairs,now could be considered the right moment to introduce a modern Chinese hero.“Holding up a banner of peace,friendship and responsibility
23、,Wolf Warrior II should be seen as a brave effort to promote Chinese values around the world,”columnist Zhu Ping wrote in China Daily.“Its time Chinese filmmakers produced films that tell good stories and carry the right spirit.Let us assume Wolf Warrior II has started that trend.”5We can learn from
24、 passage that.A leading characters in Chinese movies are mostly popular for their appearanceB it is hard for a protagonist in Chinese movies to win the audiences heartsC Wolf Warrior is the first Chinese movie to spread Chinese valuesD the production team is not surprised at the big box-office succe
25、ss6The film is popular with the audience mostly because.A Kung fu artist Wu Jing both starred in and directed itB it attempts to promote Chinese values around the worldC it is backed up and funded by the Chinese governmentD it shows that China is playing an active role in global affairs7The underlin
26、ed word in para.3 can be replaced by.A worry aboutB hang outC fall intoD come acrossRecently,we have already shown that climate change has led to a dramatic increase in storm surge risk in New York City,making devastating events like Hurricane Sandy more likely.What can we say about the role of clim
27、ate change in the unprecedented disaster that is unfolding in Houston with Hurricane Harvey?There are certain climate change-related factors that we can,with great confidence,say worsened the flooding.Sea Level rise attributable to climate change-some of which is due to coastal subsidence(下沉)caused
28、by human disturbance such as oil drilling-is more than half a foot(15cm)over the past few decades.That means the storm surge was half a foot higher than it would have been just decades ago,meaning far more flooding and destruction.In addition to that,sea surface temperatures in the region have risen
29、 about 0.5(close to 1F)over the past few decades from roughly 30(86F)to 30.5(87F),which contributed to the very warm sea surface temperatures(30.5-31,or 87-88F).There is a simple thermodynamic(热力学的)relationship known as the Clausius-Clapeyron equation that tells us there is a roughly 3%increase in a
30、verage atmospheric moisture content for each 0.5 of warming.Sea surface temperatures in the area where Harvey intensified were 0.5-1 warmer than current-day average temperatures,which translates to 1-1.5 warmer than“average”temperatures a few decades ago.That means 3-5%more moisture(水分)in the atmosp
31、here.That large amount of moisture creates the potential for much greater rainfalls and greater flooding.The combination of coastal flooding and heavy rainfall is responsible for the devastating flooding that Houston is experiencing.Not only are the surface waters of the Gulf of Mexico unusually war
32、m right now,but there is a deep layer of warm water that Harvey was able to feed upon when it intensified at near record pace as it neared the coast.Human-caused warming is penetrating down into the ocean.Its creating deeper layers of warm water in the Gulf and elsewhere.Harvey was almost certainly
33、more intense than it would have been in the absence of human-caused warming,which means stronger winds,more wind damage and a larger storm surge.Finally,the more tenuous but potentially relevant climate factors:part of what has made Harvey such a devastating(毁灭性的)storm is the way it has stalled near
34、 the coast.It continues to strike Houston and surrounding regions with a seemingly endless flood,which will likely top out at nearly 4ft(1.22m)of rainfall over a days-long period before it is done.The stalling is due to very weak prevailing winds,which are failing to steer the storm off to sea,allow
35、ing it to spin around and wobble back and forth.This pattern,in turn,is associated with a greatly expanded subtropical high pressure system over much of the US at the moment,with the jet stream pushed well to the north.This pattern of subtropical expansion is predicted in model simulations of human-
36、caused climate change.More tenuous(微弱的),but possibly relevant still,is the fact that very persistent,nearly“stationary”summer weather patterns of this sort,where weather anomalies(both high-pressure dry hot regions and low-pressure stormy/rainy regions)stay locked in place for many days at a time,ap
37、pears to be favoured by human-caused climate change.In conclusion,while we cannot say climate change“caused”Hurricane Harvey,what we can say is that it exacerbated several characteristics of the storm in a way that greatly increased the risk of damage and loss of life.Climate change worsened the imp
38、act of Hurricane Harvey.8Whats the main purpose of writing the passage?A To offer tips on climate change.B To advocate paying more attention to current climate change urgently.C To share experiences on avoiding climate change.D To criticize human-caused climate change.9The underlined word“intensifie
39、d”in Paragraph 4 probably means _.A worsenedB causedC favouredD increased10What is the best title for the passage?A Climate change made Hurricane Harvey more deadlyB Sea level rise sea and surface temperatures changed Hurricane HarveyC Hurricane Harvey and its characteristicsD The climate change-rel
40、ated factors and human-caused warming11Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?I:Introduction CP:Central point P:Point Sp:Sub-point(次要点)C:ConclusionABCDTo err is human.To blame the other guy is even more human.Common sense is not all that common.Why tell the truth when
41、you can come up with a good excuse?These three popular sentences are meant to be jokes,and yet they tell us a lot about human nature.To err,or to make mistakes,is indeed a part of being human,but it seems that most people dont want to accept the responsibility for the problem.Perhaps it is the natur
42、al thing to do.The original quote about human nature went like this:“To err is human,to forgive,divine(神圣的).”.This saying mirrors an ideal people should be forgiving of others mistakes.Instead,we tend to do the opposite find someone else to pass the blame on to.However,taking responsibility for some
43、thing that went wrong is a making of great maturity.Common sense is what we call clear thought.Having common sense means having a good general plan that will make things work well,and it also means staying with the plan.Common sense tells you that you take an umbrella out into a rainstorm,but you le
44、ave the umbrella home when you hear a weather forecast for sunshineCommon sense does not seem to be common for large organizations,because there are so many things going on that one person cannot be in charge of everything.People say that in a large company,“the right hand does not know what the lef
45、t hand is doing.”And what is wrong with a society that thinks that making up a good excuse is like creating a work of art?One of the common problems with making excuses is that people,especially young people,get the idea that its okay not to be totally honest all the time.There is a corollary(直接推论)t
46、o that:if good excuse is“good”even if it isnt honest,then where is the place of the truth?12According to the passage,which of following seems the most human?A To search for truthB To achieve ones idealC To criticize others for ones own error.D To make fun of others mistakes13Which of the following i
47、s NOT based on common sense?A A man tries to take charge of everything in a large company.B A student goes out with an umbrella in stormy weather.C A companys next move follows a good planD A lawyer acts on fine judgments14What is the authors opinion about a good excuse?A Bitter truth is better than
48、 a good excuse.B Inventing a good excuse needs creative ideas.C A good excuse is as rewarding as honesty.D Making a good excuse is sometimes a better policy.15What would be the best title for his passage?A To Blame or to ForgiveB A Mirror of Human NatureC A Mark of MaturityD Truth or Excuse二、七选五Whil
49、e your teen may get OK by waiting until the last possible second to complete his high school science experiment or his math project,procrastination(拖延症)can be a big problem later in life.Your teens future boss or college professors arent likely to accept late work-or the excuses that accompany delay
50、ed projects.16That means managing his time wisely without requiring constant reminders of assistance from you to get his work done.Here are some steps you can take to teach your teen essential time management skills:17If youre always running late or you miss a lot of deadlines,your teen will follow
51、suit.Practice managing your own time wisely and show your teen that you can accomplish the most important tasks in any given day.Encourage your teen to write down his schedule.Your teens time may easily get taken up with video games or social media if hes not careful.Teach him to schedule his day so
52、 he can set aside time for chores,homework,and other responsibilities.18Then,time doesnt idly pass without feeling like he hasnt done anything fun.Help your teen prioritize(划分优先顺序)activities.19A basketball game and birthday party may coincide.Talk to your teen about how to prioritize activities,base
53、d on his values and commitments.Avoid nagging(唠叨).It can be annoying to nag your teen or offer repeat reminders,20Set rules about your expectations and follow through with consequences when necessary.Then,your teen will learn to manage his time better in the future.A Model good time management habit
54、s.B Encourage him to schedule free time as well.C Encourage your teen to establish healthy habit.D its common for teens to have conflicts in their schedulesE.Its important to teach your teen how to behave responsibly.F.As a result,many of them have to learn how to manage their time repeatedly.G.and
55、telling your teen to do his work over and over again reduces his responsibility.三、完形填空If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning,you would not detect interest in romance among the artists._21_,you would see plenty of animals with people ru
56、nning after them.Life for ancient peoples seemed to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times,when food is available in grocery stores,finding love is more _22_ to peoples lives.The _23_ is all around us.It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love
57、.An endless number of books and movies _24_as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love,a highly valued emotional state,can be _25_.They ask,what is love?Toothpaste companies want us to think _26_is all about clean teeth,but clean teeth go only so far.Scientists wonder ho
58、w much the brain gets involved.You have probably heard that opposites attract but that _27_attract,too.One thing is certain:The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the _28_ of attraction,researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3,6 or 10
59、minutes so they could get a sense of each others individuality.Then students were asked to _29_ what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners.After nine weeks,they reported what happened.As it turned out,their _30_ judgments often held true.Students seemed to _31_at an earl
60、y stage who would best fit into their lives.The _32_ KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction.Many animals give off pheromones natural chemicals that can be detected by,and then can produce a response in,other animals of the same species.Pheromones can _3
61、3_ that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling _34_to partnerships.In contrast,humans do not seem to be as _35_ as other animals at _36_ such chemicals.Smell,however,does seem to play a part in human attraction.Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously,we give a
62、nd receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors,including seeing something we find attractive.Researchers had people judge faces for _37_.The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face,yet so
63、mehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces.The way we _38_ attractiveness seem to be somewhat _39_.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations,people responded to _40_ words faster after viewing an attractive
64、 face.Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.21A MoreoverB ThereforeC InsteadD Otherwise22A centralB romanticC stressfulD artificial23A priorityB possibilityC proofD principle24A workB useC functionD qualify25A seatedB impressedC changedD created26A attentionB attractionC focusD a
65、mbition27A appearancesB virtuesC positionD similarities28A illustrationsB ingredientsC imaginationsD instructors29A predictB investigateC diagnoseD recall30A criticalB randomC initialD mature31A memorizeB questionC negotiateD distinguish32A HeartB EyeC NoseD Hand33A showB signalC demonstrateD sign34
66、A resistantB alertC openD superior35A disappointedB amazedC confusedD gifted36A discoveringB detectingC exploringD exposing37A attractivenessB emotionC individualityD signals38A enhanceB possessC maintainD assess39A intentionalB automaticC autonomousD deliberate40A familiarB plainC irritatingD posit
67、ive第 II 卷（非选择题）四、语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Long ago,people believed that in the future we would work less,have more free time and get more relaxedBut 41(luck)，this has not happened yetToday we work harder,work longer hours and have more stresses than ten years ago42we use machines tha
68、t save us time，we still have less free time than our parents and grandparentsBut what is this doing to our health?An American journalist says that people are suffering from“hurry43(sick)”were trying to do more things in less time44a result，our lives are stressfulHe says that 45we slow down，we wont l
69、ive as long as our parentsFor most people,faster doesnt mean better.In the USA，there is a book called“OneMinute Bedtime Stories for children”These are shorter versions of traditional stories，specially46(write)for“busy parents”who want to save time!Some answer phones now have“quick playback”buttons s
70、o that we can replay peoples messages fasterwe cant waste time 47(listen)to people speaking 48the normal speed!The only thing 49is slower than before is the way we driveOur cars are faster but the traffic is worse,so we drive more slowlyWe spend more time sitting in our cars，feeling 50(stress).Exper
71、ts predict that in ten years the average speed on the road in cities will be only 17 kmh五、短文改错51假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。An old
72、 man whose eyesight was failing comes to stay in a hotel,a bottle of whisky in his hand.On the wall was a fly he took for a nailThe moment he tried to hang the bottle on it,they fell and brokeWhen the landlady discovered what had been happened,she decided to do him favorThe next morning when he was
73、out,the hotel worker hammered a nail exact where the“fly”had beenBefore the old man came back,the smell of the whisky reminded him the accidentLooking at the spot what he thought the“fly”was again,he was so angry that he slapped it with all his strengthsOn hearing the loud cry,the landlady rushed in
74、To her surprise,the poor old man was sitting on the floor with the palm of his hand bleed六、提纲类作文52假如你是李华，你校即将举行一年一度的“校园书展（a campus book fair)”活动，其目的是给同学们提供一个交换、利用图书的机会。请你用英语写信给你的加拿大笔友 Mike，介绍此次活动的有关情况。内容应包括：1.活动目的；2.活动内容：买书、卖书、交换图书；3.活动意义。注意：1.词数 100 左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。Dear Mike，
75、How are you doing these days?_Yours,Li Hua2018-2019 学年江西省景德镇市第一中学高二上学期期中考试英 语 答 案1A 2B 3B 4C 【解析】【分析】本文为记叙文。作者在文中通过叙述父亲教给他的三条生活经验，告诉我们虽然父亲仅仅是一个平凡的人，但是他却深深地影响了作者，而且正是这些像父亲一样的平凡人使得美国能有今天的强大。1推理判断题 根据第二段的描述可知，作者虽然不知道自己对父亲能有多大的帮助，但是他一直尽心尽力地帮他父亲一起干活，故选 A 项。2推理判断题。根据第四段中的 it serves as a constant reminder
76、of my dads service to his country.However,it also serves as a visual representation of my dads firm determination to keep his promises 可知，作者留着他父亲的圣经是为了时刻提醒自己像父亲那样恪守承诺。故选 B。3主旨大意题 通读全文可知，作者在文中讲述了他父亲教给他的三条生活经验。故选 B。4推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Our nation has become great because of those ordinary Americans like my
77、 father,who have pride in their work,place great value on honesty,character and commitments,and pass those lessons on to their children and grandchildren.”可知，作者认为下因为有了父亲这样的平凡国民，美国才有如此繁荣的今天。由此可推断出普通的国民也会对一个国家有影响。分析选项可知C 项（普通民众对一个国家的未来有影响）符合题意，故选 C 项。5A 6B 7D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇影评：战狼 2作为国产影片，主角不是通过展现颜值，而是因为
78、它弘扬了中国价值观而获得观众的喜爱，这点相当少见。这部影片令全球的焦点都汇聚到了中国身上，它同时也是首部在票房收入以及弘扬中国价值观方面都获得双赢的电影。5推理判断题。根据第一段 Its rare that the protagonist in a Chinese movie wins the audiences hearts with an emotionally uplifting message,rather than by showing off his or her good looks.可知，这部国产影片的主角不是通过展现颜值而获得观众的喜爱，这点相当少见。所以推断出中国影片通常是
79、靠颜值流行起来的。故选 A。6推理判断题。根据第一段 Its also the first film to taste success both in terms of box office earnings and promoting Chinese values.可知，它同时也是首部在票房收入以及弘扬中国价值观方面都获得双赢的电影。可以判断出这部影片受欢迎主要是因为它向世界弘扬了中国价值观。故选 B。7词义猜测题。根据第三段 When you encounter danger in a foreign land,do not give up!Please remember,at your
80、back stands a strong motherland.”（当你在海外遭遇危险，不要放弃！请记住，在你身后，有一个强大的祖国！”）可推知是当你遇到了危险时。A.worry about 担心；B.hang out 闲逛；C.fall into掉入；D.come across 偶遇。故选 D。8B 9D 10A 11C 【解析】【分析】最近研究表明，气候变化导致了纽约市发生风暴潮的几率增加，也使得像毁灭性的桑迪、哈维这类飓风更有可能发生。而由于气候变化，飓风哈维在休斯敦更加肆虐。8主旨大意题。根据首段就点明文章主旨：气候变化会导致毁灭性的破坏。提倡大家密切关注目前的气候变化。故选 B。9词
81、义猜测题。根据后文 0.5-1 warmer than current-day average temperatures 可知，海平面升高，飓风哈维加剧的海域气温更高。A.worsened 恶化；B.caused 导致；C.favoured 支持；D.increased增加。可以判定出划线词是“增加”的意思。故选 D。10主旨大意题。根据最后一段总结：Climate change worsened the impact of Hurricane Harvey.得知文章最佳标题是：气候变化会使飓风哈维更加致命。故选 A。11推理判断题。本文是通过总-分-总的结构，第一段先介绍气候变化的影响，第二
82、段引出中心论点：由于气候变化的因素，飓风哈维在休斯敦更加肆虐。第三、四段则讲述气候变化的海洋因素如海平面上升、海水温度升高。第五、六段则说明海水温度异常导致的强风频繁、气候模式改变，最后总结：气候变化加剧哈维飓风。故选 C。【名师点睛】1.B【解题剖析】此题属于推理判断题中的（1）根据不同文体，推断目的意图。不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的，通常作者的写作目的有以下三种：1)to entertain readers（娱乐读者，让人发笑），常见于故事类的文章。2)to persuade readers（说服读者接受某种观点）常见于广告类的文章。3)to inform readers（告知读者某些信
83、息）多见于科普类新闻报道类文化类或社会类的文章。答案需要从文章第一段中的 Recently,we have already shown that climate change has led to a dramatic increase in storm surge risk in New York City,making devastating events like Hurricane Sandy more likely.进行推断。【答案定位】根据文章第一段中的 Recently,we have already shown that climate change has led to a
84、dramatic increase in storm surge risk in New York City,making devastating events like Hurricane Sandy more likely.可知，气候变化会导致毁灭性的破坏。提倡大家密切关注目前的气候变化。【推理关系】题干 Whats the main purpose of writing the passage?文章内容 Recently,we have already shown that climate change has led to a dramatic increase in storm su
85、rge risk in New York City,making devastating events like Hurricane Sandy more likely.to inform readers（告知读者某些信息）多见于科普类新闻报道类文章。.B 选项 To advocate paying more attention to current climate change urgently.12C 13A 14A 15B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了三句能够反映人性的话：1.To err is human.To blame the other guy is even mor
86、e human.2.Common sense is not all that common.3.Why tell the truth when you can come up with a good excuse?文章对这三句话的内涵做了详细的解释。12细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“This saying mirrors an ideal people should be forgiving of others mistakes.Instead,we tend to do the opposite find someone else to pass the blame on to.”可知原
87、谅他人是我们应该做的事情，但是很多人选择找到一个承担责任的人，而不是去原谅别人。所以很多人都会因为自己的错误而批评他人。故 C 项正确。13推理判断题。根据第五段倒数第二句“Common sense does not seem to be common for large organizations,because there are so many things going on that one person cannot be in charge of everything.”可知对于大型组织来说很多常识似乎并不常见，因为会发生很多事情一个人根本无法负责所有的事情。A 项含义与之相符，这
88、并不是常识。故 A 项正确。14推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“There is a corollary(直接推论)to that:if good excuse is“good”even if it isnt honest,then where is the place of the truth?”很多人认为即使借口不诚实，也不说实话。那么诚实应该在哪里呢？说明作者认为诚实更重要，所以 A 项“Bitter truth is better than a good excuse”与之相符。故 A 项正确。15主旨大意题。本文是一篇议论文，讨论了三句能够反映人性的话：1.To err is huma
89、n.To blame the other guy is even more human.2.Common sense is not all that common.3.Why tell the truth when you can come up with a good excuse?并对这三句话的内涵做了详细的解释。B 项“A Mirror of Human Nature 人性的反映”与文章主旨是相符的。故 B 项正确。16E17A18B19D20G【解析】【分析】本文属于说明文，介绍帮助孩子树立时间管理意识的培养的建议。16根据下句 That means managing his time
90、 wisely without requiring constant reminders of assistance from you to get his work done 可知，那就意味着不需要父母的经常提醒就能够很好的管理好时间，从而完成任务，与 E 选项，教会孩子对自己负责很重要，与下句中 that 呼应，故切题，选 E。17观察本文结构可知，本文属于总分结构，本空为本段的小标题，根据本段中 If youre always running late or you miss a lot of deadlines,your teen will follow suit.可知，本段主要讲述父
91、母要为孩子树林榜样，故 A 选项符合。18根据本空下一句 Then,time doesnt idly pass without feeling like he hasnt done anything fun.可知，不会让孩子感觉自己没有做一些有意义的事情，故与 B 选项，让孩子自由支配他们的空闲时间，切题，故选 B。19根据本空后一句 A basketball game and birthday party may coincide.可知，举例说明时间冲突很常见，故与 D 选项符合，故选 D。20根据本段小标题 Avoid nagging(唠叨).可知，本段主要阐述唠叨对孩子的弊端，故 G 选
92、项符合。21C 22A 23C 24D 25D 26B 27D 28B 29A 30C 31D 32C 33B 34C 35D 36B 37A 38D 39B 40D 【解析】【分析】随着物质条件的发展，古代和现代的人追求不同，古代人追求温饱，现代人追求的是爱，但是科学家依然对爱还不是很清楚，文章提供了从几方面判断吸引力和爱。21C考查副词。A.moreover 而且，此外；B.Therefore 因此，所以；C.Instead 代替，反而；D.Otherwise否则。观察空格前后的句式结构，可以前面用的是 you would not detect ,后面用的是 you would see，使
93、用的动词不同结构相同。由于前面有 not，后面没有，可知此处表达为意思相反，故选 C.22A考查形容词。A.central 中心的；B.romantic 浪漫的；C.stressful 紧张的，有压力的；D.artificial人造的。此处指现代人在物质条件满足的情况下，把追求爱当成了生活的中心，故选 A.23C考查名词。A.priority 优先；B.possibility 可能性；C.proof 证据，证明；D.principle 原则。后两句的意思是：很容易准备一系列的有关爱的现代故事。在当前的流行文化中，无数的故事和电影归类为爱情故事。根据这两句可知是能证明此观点的例子，故选 C.24
94、D考查动词。A.work 工作；B.use 使用；C.function 运行；D.qualify 限制，使具有资格。此处指无数的故事和电影归类为爱情故事，具备作为爱情电影的资格。故选 D.25D考查动词。A.seated 就座的；B.impressed 印象深刻的；C.changed 改变的；D.created 创造的。根据本段最后一句“One thing is certain:The truth about love is not yet set in stone.确定了一件事情是：爱的真理还不确定”可以知道科学家研究的是爱是否能够创造，而不应该是测试，改变或者是强加。故选D.26B考查名词
95、。A.attention 注意力；B.attraction 吸引；C.focus 焦点；D.ambition 雄心，抱负。牙膏公司想让我们知道魅力就是刷牙，此处指爱的魅力，下文的 opposites attract but that _7_attract 也给了提示，故选 B.27D考查名词。A.appearances 外表；B.virtues 美德，优点；C.position 位置；D.similarities 相似点。根据空前的连词 but 可以判断前后是转折的意思，而 opposites“相反的”，答案应该为“相似的”，故选D.28B考查名词。A.illustrations 说明；B.i
96、ngredients 成分；C.imaginations 想象力；D.instructors 指导。根据小标题 First Impression 及后面所描述的实验方法、内容和结果，可以知道实验的目的是决定吸引力的成分，故选 B.29A考查动词。A.predict 预测；B.investigate 调查；C.diagnose 诊断；D.recall 回想。根据下文的their _10_judgments 可知此处应为“判断”之意，根据 After nine weeks,they reported what happened可知是判断还没有发生的事，是预测，故选 A.30C考查形容词。A.cri
97、tical 批评的，挑剔的；B.random 随机的，任意的；C.initial 原始的，最初的；D.mature 成熟的。此处指他们预言的判断相对来说是原始的，最初的。故选 C.31D考查动词。A.memorize 记忆；B.question 询问；C.negotiate 谈判；D.distinguish 区别，区分。根据上句结果证明他们最初的判断是正确的，此处指学生们似乎在早期就能区别适合他们生活的人。表示区分，故选 D.32C考查名词。A.Heart 心脏；B.Eye 眼睛；C.Nose 鼻子；D.Hand 手。空格处的词是小标题，是对本段的高度概括。在本段的最后两句话都提到了一个词 s
98、mell（嗅觉），四个选项中和嗅觉有关的词只有 Nose，故选 C.33B考查动词。A.show 显示；B.signal 发信号；C.demonstrate 证明，展示；D.sign 签名。此处指外激素可以发出不同的信号，故选 B.34C考查形容词。A.resistant 反抗的；B.alert 警惕的；C.open 公开的；D.superior 优秀的。根据句中 either or要么要么，可知表示选择。指或者是战争或者对同伴开放，即坦诚以对。故选 C.35D考查形容词。A.disappointed 失望的；B.amazed 惊奇的；C.confused 困惑的；D.gifted 有天赋的。
99、根据 In contrast（相反）及后文“Although we may not be aware of chemicals 尽管我们没有意识到”，可知这里表达人类没有像动物那么有天赋。故选 D.36B考查动词。A.discovering 发现；B.detecting 检测；C.exploring 探索；D.exposing 揭露。此处指在检测化学制品方面人类的嗅觉不如动物，故选 B.37A考查名词。A.attractiveness 吸引力；B.emotion 情感；C.individuality 个性；D.signals 信号。与上句的 something we find attracti
100、ve.对应，指通过看脸来判断吸引力，故选 A.38D考查动词。A.enhance 加强；B.possess 控制；C.maintain 维持；D.assess 评估。前面提到的是研究者做的吸引力实验，最后得出的结论就是我们评估吸引力的方法是自动的。此处指评估吸引力，故选 D.39B考查形容词。A.intentional 故意的；B.automatic 自动的；C.autonomous 自主的；D.deliberate 故意的。此处指评估吸引力的方法是自动的，不是人为的。40D考查形容词。A.familiar 熟悉的；B.plain 平的；C.irritating 刺激的；D.positive
101、积极的。根据最后一句“Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.看一些吸引力的事情似乎能够导致快乐的思考。”可知此处表达人们对快乐积极的话语回应更快，故选 D.【名师点睛】完形填空题的命题特点及答题方法：1.侧重基础知识，考查学生语言知识的能力完形填空以文入手，结合文章的内容考查学生的基础知识，主要是词语搭配、固定句型、近义词辨析、辨析句子结构、掌握语法规则的能力，其中考查实词居多。2.上下文对照，考查学生捕捉关键词的能力解完形填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要注意句子间的关系及句子与段落的关系。所谓上下对照
102、，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。比如小题 1 考查副词。A.moreover 而且，此外；B.Therefore因此，所以；C.Instead 代替，反而；D.Otherwise 否则。观察空格前后的句式结构，可以前面用的是 you would not detect ,后面用的是 you would see，使用的动词不同结构相同。由于前面有 not，后面没有，可知此处表达为意思相反，故选 C.小题 6 考查名词。A.attention 注意力；B.attraction吸引；C.focus 焦点；D.ambition
103、 雄心，抱负。牙膏公司想让我们知道魅力就是刷牙，此处指爱的魅力，下文的 opposites attract but that _7_attract 也给了提示，故选 B.小题 9 考查动词。A.predict预测；B.investigate 调查；C.diagnose 诊断；D.recall 回想。根据下文的 their _10_ judgments可知此处应为“判断”之意，根据 After nine weeks,they reported what happened 可知是判断还没有发生的事，是预测，故选 A.小题 20 考查形容词。A.familiar 熟悉的；B.plain 平的；C.i
104、rritating 刺激的；D.positive 积极的。根据最后一句“Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.看一些吸引力的事情似乎能够导致快乐的思考。”可知此处表达人们对快乐积极的话语回应更快，故选 D.3.结合生活，考查学生利用常识题的能力目的考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。如小题 12 考查名词。A.Heart 心脏；B.Eye 眼睛；C.Nose 鼻子；D.Hand 手。空格处的词是小标题，是对本段的高度概括。在本段的最后两句话都提到了一个词 smell
105、（嗅觉），四个选项中和嗅觉有关的词只有 Nose，故选 C.41unluckily42Although/Though/Even if43sickness44As45unless46written47listening48at49that50stressed【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，人们原意为随着技术的发展，我们的生活会越来越放松，但实际情况是我们现在变得越来越忙碌，越来越压抑。文章对此现象做了详细说明。41考查副词。句意：很久之前，人们认为未来我们工作更少，有更多的自由时间会更放松，但不幸地是，这些还没有发生。句中使用副词 unluckily 做状语修饰整个句子，根据句意可知要使用否定
106、含义，所以要填 unluckily。42考查连词。句意：尽管我们使用能够节约时间的机器，但我们的自由时间仍然比我们的父母和爷爷奶奶的自由时间要少。根据句意可知上下文之间是转折关系，所以使用连词Although/Though/Even if。43考查名词。句意：一位美国记者说人们正在患上“匆忙症”，我们努力在较少的时间里做更多的事情。英语里形容词通常做定语修饰名词，本句中形容词 hurry 的后面要接名词形式，所以要填sickness。44考查介词短语。句意：结果，我们的生活很有压力。介词短语 as a result 结果是，表示上下文的因果关系。本句要填 As。45考查连词。句意：他说如果我们
107、不慢下来，我们活得没有我们的父母亲长。根据句意可知上下文是条件关系，所以使用 unless 引导条件状语从句，要填 unless。46考查非谓语动词。句意：这些是一些更多版本的传统故事，为“忙碌的父母亲”特别写的。动词write 与 stories 构成被动关系，要用过去分词做定语。所以要填 written。47考查固定结构。句意：我们不能浪费时间听人们用正常的速度讲话。动词短语waste some time doing sth 浪费时间做某事，所以要填动名词 listening。48考查介词短语。句意：我们不能浪费时间听人们用正常的速度讲话。名词 speed 通常和介词 at连用，关系短语
108、at the speed of/at the speed。使用要填介词 at。49考查定语从句。句意：唯一变慢的东西是我们开车的方法。定语从句的先行词是 the only thing，关系代词 that 指代先行词在句中做主语并引导定语从句。所以要填 that。50考查形容词。句意：我们把更多的时间花在了车里，让我们感觉很压抑。形容词 stressed 意为“有压力的，紧张的”，通常修饰人或与人有关的事物，本句中 felling stressed 对主语 we 进行说明。所以要填 stressed。【点睛】本文小题 9 考查的是定语从句的关系代词，先行词前面有 only 修饰，且定语从句中需要
109、使用关系代词时，要用 that 引导定语从句。定语从句：只能用 that 引导的十一种情况如下：1.在 there+be 的句型中，句子的主语是先行词，而且又是物。例如：There is no work that can be done now.没有什么工作现在能做的了。2.当先行词为主句的表语或者关系代词为从句的表语时。例如：Our school is no longer the school that it used to be.我们的学校不再是以前的学校了。3.以 Here is(are)开头的句子时。例如：Here are two books that I will buy.这是我要买
110、的两本书。4.It is(high)time+定语从句中。例如：It is high time that they started out.他们该动身了。5.当先行词是 way 等词时，关系代词用 that 或者 in which 在定语从句中作方式状语时，在口语中，常可省略。例如：She admired the way in which I answered the questions.她羡慕我回答问题的方式。6.在双重限定性定语从句中，如果一个从句用 who 或者 which 引导时，那么另一个从句用 that 引导。例如：He is the student that I have eve
111、r see who can jump highest.他是我曾经看到过跳得最高的学生。7.当先行词被 the last,the very 和 the only 修饰时。例如：The only book I want to read is missing.我唯一想看的书不见了。8.在强调句子中，并且以 who,which,what 开头时。例如：Who was it that was lost?究竟是谁迷路了？（此句中，最好不用 who 来代替 that，避免重复。）9.当先行词有序数词时。例如：You are the first person that I want to ask for.你是
112、我要见的第一个人。10.当先行词被 all,every,no,some,few,little,much,both 等修饰时，例如：This is all that I want to say at the meeting.这就是我在会上要说的。11.当先行词既指人又指物时。例如：The professor and his achievement that I heard about are admired by them.我听说的那位教授和他的成就得到他们的赞美。e-came 2.they-it 3.been 去掉4.加 a 5.exact-exactly 6.Before-When 7.加
113、of 8.what-where 9.strengths-strength 10.bleed-bleeding【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一位视力不好的老人把宾馆墙上的苍蝇错误当成钉子，结果打碎了一瓶酒。宾馆老板娘在墙上钉了一个真的钉子，老人外出回来以后又错把钉子当成了苍蝇，用力拍了上去导致手掌受伤流血。【详解】第一处：考查时态。句意：一个视力正在下降的老人来住宾馆，手里拿着一瓶威士忌。本文叙述过去发生的事情，全文以一般过去时为主，本句也要使用过去时，所以要把 come 改为 came。第二处：考查代词。句意：他一把瓶子挂上去，瓶子就掉了下来摔碎了。主句中应使用 it 指代前面一句中的单数
114、可数名词 the bottle，而 they 通常指代复数名词。所以要把 they 改为 it。第三处：考查时态。句意：当女主人发现了所发生的事情，她决定帮他一个忙。动词 happen 意为“发生”，该词没有被动语态。所以要把 been 删除。第四处：考查固定短语。句意：当女主人发现了所发生的事情，她决定帮他一个忙。动词短语 do sb a favor 帮某人一个忙，其中的不定冠词 a 是不能省略的，所以要加 a。第五处：考查副词。句意：第二天早晨当老人外出的时候，宾馆工人就在“苍蝇”所在的地方钉了一个真的钉子。在英语中副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子，本句中使用副词 exact
115、ly做状语修饰后面的地点状语从句，而 exact 通常做定语。所以要把 exact 改为 exactly。第六处：考查连词。句意：当老人回来的时候，威士忌酒的味道让他想起了那个事故。根据句意可知应该使用 when 引导时间状语从句，介绍老人回来的情况，before 意为“在之前”，与语境不符。所以要把 Before 改为 When。第七处：考查动词短语。句意：当老人回来的时候，威士忌酒的味道让他想起了那个事故。动词短语 remind sb of sth 让某人想起某事，本句中该短语做谓语，the accident 做介词 of 的宾语，不能省略。所以要在 him 后面加 of。第八处：考查定语
116、从句。句意：看着他原以为是苍蝇的点又出现了，他非常生气用全身的力气拍了下去。句中定语从句的先行词是 spot，定语从句结构很完整，要用关系副词 where 引导这个定语从句，what 是不能引导定语从句的。所以要把 what 改为 where。第九处：考查名词。句意：看着他原以为是苍蝇的点又出现了，他非常生气用全身的力气拍了下去。句中的名词 strength 在语境中意为“力气”，是一个不可数名词，没有复数形式。所以要把 strengths改为 strength。第十处：考查非谓语动词。句意：让她惊讶的是，这位可怜的老人坐在地上，手掌在流血。句中 with的宾语 the palm 与动词 bl
117、eed 构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词 bleeding 在句中做宾语补足语。所以要把 bleed 改为 bleeding。52Dear Mike,How are you doing these days?Aimed at providing a platform where students can have a chance to exchange and make use of their books,the annual campus book fair will soon be held in our school.The fair will attract a huge crowd
118、 from the entire school,who are to sell,purchase and exchange their books with their peers.As a regular visitor,Ive found myself increasingly drawn by the fair.For one thing,the fair exhibits books of hundreds of types on diverse topics,motivating us to further develop our reading habits and helping
119、 to broaden our horizons.For another,most books are sold at a lower price than what the bookstores offer.Please let me know if you have any suggestions on how to host such a book fair better.Yours,Li Hua【解析】学校即将举行一年一度的“校园书展（a campus book fair）”活动，其目的是给同学们提供一个交换、利用图书的机会。写作要求：用英语写信给加拿大笔友 Mike，介绍此次活动的有
120、关情况。文章以一般现在时为主，主要分三部分：首先说明校园书展的目的和活动内容：买书、卖书、交换图书；然后详细介绍校园书展的意义；最后寻求对方意见。写作时要注意表达准确，要点全面，语言简洁。还要注意高级词汇和句型的运用来增加文采。如非谓语动词 Aimed at providing a platform,和 motivating us to further develop.定语从句 where students can have a chance to exchange and make use of their books,和 who are to sell,purchase and exchange their books with their peers.词语 As a regular visitor,broaden our horizons.和连接词 For one thing,For another 的使用让文章层次清晰。