1、第3课时增分策略读写练.完形填空(2014山东卷)Charlotte Whitehead was born in England in 1843，and moved to Montreal，Canada at the age of five with her family.While_1_her ill elder sister throughout the years，Charlotte discovered she had a(n)_2_in medicine.At 18 she married and_3_a family.Several years later，Charlotte sa
2、id she wanted to be a_4_.Her husband supported her decision._5_，Canadian medical schools did not_6_women students at the time.Therefore，Charlotte went to the United States to study_7_at the Womens Medical College in Philadelphia.It took her five years to_8_her medical degree.Upon graduation，Charlott
3、e_9_to Montreal and set up a private_10_.Three years later，she moved to Winnipeg，Manitoba，and there she was once again a_11_doctor.Many of her patients were from the nearby timber and railway camps.Charlotte_12_herself operating on damaged limbs and setting_13_bones，in addition to delivering all the
4、 babies in the area.But Charlotte had been practising without a licence.She had_14_a doctors licence in both Montreal and Winnipeg，but was_15_.The Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons，an allmale board，wanted her to_16_her studies at a Canadian medical college! Charlotte refused to_17_her pati
5、ents to spend time studying what she already knew.So in 1887，she appealed to the Manitoba Legislature to_18_a licence to her but they，too，refused.Charlotte_19_to practise without a licence until 1912.She died four years later at the age of 73.In 1993,77 years after her_20_，a medical licence was issu
6、ed to Charlotte.This decision was made by the Manitoba Legislature to honor “this courageous and pioneering woman.”【解题导语】本文讲述了一位加拿大女医生冲破性别歧视的羁绊救死扶伤的故事。1A.raising B.teachingC.nursingD.missing答案C逻辑推理题。根据后面的“her ill elder sister”可知，此处应该为“护理她生病的姐姐”。nurse护理。2A.habit B.interestC.opinion D.voice答案B固定搭配题。ha
7、ve an interest in.对感兴趣。3A.inventedB.selected CofferedD.started答案D逻辑推理题。18岁时结了婚，所以开始(拥有了)家庭。4A.doctorBmusicianClawyerDphysicist答案A逻辑推理题。根据上文中的“她对医学感兴趣”及下一段中的Canadian medical schools可知，此处应为想当医生。5A.BesidesB.UnfortunatelyCOtherwiseD.Eventually答案B逻辑推理题。结合上文可知她想学医，但是由下文中的“加拿大的医学院在那时不接受女学生。”可知，unfortunatel
8、y不幸的是，符合语境。6A.hire B.entertainC.trustD.accept答案D词语辨析题。加拿大的医学院不接受女学生。accept接受。7A.historyBphysicsC.medicineD.law答案C词汇复现题。结合上文，不能在加拿大学医，她只好到美国去学医。8A.improveBsaveC.designD.earn答案D词语辨析题。她用了五年的时间获得了医学学位。earn挣得；获得。9A.returnedBescapedCspreadDwandered答案A逻辑推理题。一毕业，她就回到了蒙特利尔，第一段第一句有提示。10A.schoolB.museumC.clini
9、c D.lab答案C逻辑推理题。学医之后，她回到蒙特利尔开了一家私人诊所。clinic诊所，门诊部。11A.busyB.wealthyC.greedyD.lucky答案A逻辑推理题。根据后文“Charlotte_herself operating on damaged limbs and setting_bones，in addition to delivering all the babies in the area.”可知，她终日很忙碌。12A.helpedB.foundC.troubledDimagined答案B固定搭配题。find oneself doing.发觉自己在做某事；find
10、 herself operating on.此处强调她自己一直忙于做手术。13A.harmfulB.tiredC.broken D.weak答案C词汇复现题。根据句中的“damaged limbs”可知，此处应选“broken”最佳，set the broken bones接碎骨。14A.put awayB.taken overCturned inD.applied for答案D背景常识题。没有行医执照，所以去申请。apply for申请。15A.punishedBrefused CblamedD.fired答案B逻辑推理题。句中but表示转折的关系，她申请行医执照，但是被拒绝了。16A.di
11、splayB.changeCpreviewD.complete答案D逻辑推理题。曼尼托巴医学院要她在一所加拿大的医学院里完成学业。complete完成。17A.leaveB.chargeC.testD.cure答案A逻辑推理题。根据语境，Charlotte拒绝离开她的病人，花费时间学习她已经知道的东西。18A.sellB.donateC.issueD.show答案C词语辨析题。由于医学院拒绝发给她行医执照，她只好要求立法机构给她发一个执照，但是也被拒绝了。sell卖；donate捐赠；issue发给；show表演。19A.continuedBpromisedCpretendedD.dreame
12、d答案A逻辑推理题。根据语境，Charlotte在没有执照的情况下，继续行医直至1912年。20A.birthBdeathCweddingD.graduation答案B逻辑推理题。结合上文，发给她行医执照应该是她去世后77年的事了。.完形问答(根据语篇内容回答下列问题)1Whats the main idea of the passage?_2When and where was Charlotte Whitehead born?_3How long did she take to earn her medical degree? _4Did Charlotte practise with a
13、 licence?_5Why was a medical licence issued to Charlotte in 1993 by the Manitoba Legislature ?_答案1.The passage is about a Canadian woman doctor who was devoted to her patients.2In England in 1843.3Five years.4No，she didnt.5To honor “this courageous and pioneering woman”.完成句子(用选项中的词汇完成句子)1The naughty
14、 boy _ to have finished his homework in order to go out to play with his playmates.为了与玩伴出去玩耍，这个顽皮的男孩假装已做完了作业。2They know they have their weaknesses，yet they dont _ themselves when they fail.他们知道自己的弱点，但当他们失败时他们不会责怪自己。3I have already _ a bit of savings since I made a budget.自从我做了预算后我已经存下一点儿钱了。4Ji Xianl
15、in _ a nationwide reputation for his research in ancient Chinese.季羡林因古汉语方面的研究而全国闻名。5The majority of people believe smoking is _ to health.大多数人相信吸烟有害健康。答案1.pretended2.blame3.put away4.earned 5harmful.阅读理解(2014重庆卷)There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and do
16、ing exercise.Some people believe that they cant help putting on weight as they get older，while others hold that if they stop exercising，their muscles will turn into fat.Here are some more myths：Ill never lose weightI come from a fat familyWrong! While we cant change the body type we are born with，we
17、 cant blame our genes for making us fat.Theres plenty of evidence that fatness runs in families，and the main reason is that they share the same habit of eating too much and exercising too little.I am fat because I burn calories slowlyWrong! Fatness is not caused by a slow metabolism(新陈代谢)In fact，alt
18、hough fat people consume more energy than slim people，they also fail to realize how much they eat! Keeping a diary can help you work out your daily food intake more accurately.Exercise is boringWrong! Anything will become boring if you do it repetitively.The key is to develop a balanced and varied p
19、rogram thats fun as well as progressive.If you enjoy a Sunday walk，take a different route.If you do yoga，try a tai chi class.If you like swimming，set yourself a distance or time challenge.No pain，no gainWrong! Exercise is not meant to hurt.Indeed，pain is your body telling you somethings wrong，and co
20、ntinuing to exercise could lead to serious injury.You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly，but this is your body adapting to the positive changes in your lifestyle and the aches should disappear relatively quickly.If they dont，rest and seek medical advice.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，
21、主要介绍的是人们对于肥胖和锻炼的一些错误理解。1What does the author think about being fat?AIt is the family genes that make people fat.BPeople are fat because they consume too little energy.CA diary of exercise can prevent people from becoming fat.DIt is the consequence of peoples unbalanced lifestyle.答案D推理判断题。根据I am fat
22、because I burn calories slowly和Exercise is boring中的内容可知，作者认为肥胖是人们不平衡的生活方式导致的结果。2According to the author，how can we make exercise more interesting?ABy taking varied exercise.BBy choosing simple exercise.CBy doing regular exercise.DBy sticking to outdoor exercise.答案A细节理解题。根据The key is to develop a bal
23、anced and varied program thats fun as well as progressive.及后面的举例说明可知，作者认为通过不同的锻炼方式可使锻炼更有趣。3What is the authors opinion about “No pain，no gain” in exercising?AKeeping fit is essentially a painful experience.BExercise should be stopped if continuous pain is felt.CPain in exercise is a precondition for
24、 reaching your goal.DGetting used to pain leads to positive changes in your body.答案B观点态度题。根据最后一段中的Exercise is not meant to hurt.continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury.和If they dont，rest and seek medical advice.可知，作者认为如果锻炼中疼痛持续的话，应该马上停止，不可再继续，否则就会造成严重的伤害。4What is the purpose of the passa
25、ge?ATo declare the importance of keeping fit.BTo clarify some misconceptions about fatness and exercise.CTo confirm what has long been believed about keeping fit.DTo explain some medical facts about being fat and doing exercise.答案B目的意图题。根据文章的组织方式可知，作者是为了纠正人们对于肥胖和锻炼的一些错误理解。.阅读写作回答下列问题，然后以“How to keep
26、 fit”为题，写一篇80词左右的英语短文。1Why does fatness run in families?_2Is fatness caused by a slow metabolism?_3What should you do if you suffer continuous pain when exercising?_答案1.The main reason is that they share the same habit of eating too much and exercising too little.2No，it isnt.3Rest and seek medical a
27、dvice.【参考范文】How to keep fitEveryone wants to maintain good health.If you are healthy，your family will be full of laughter and your work will be much more simple.You want to have a healthy body? Then try to do the following things! First，take part in some sports，such as running and playing baseball.S
28、econdly，we must pay attention to the diet，and not drink too much wine.Last but not least，we should remember that smoking is harmful to our health! .句式背练1While we cant change the body type we are born with，we cant blame our genes for making us fat.尽管我们不能改变天生的体型，我们不能怪基因让我们发胖。2Keeping a diary can help
29、you work out your daily food intake more accurately.(译成汉语)_答案记日记有助于你更精确计算每天的食物摄入量。.难句研练1Some people believe that they cant help putting on weight as they get older，while others hold that if they stop exercising，their muscles will turn into fat.分析本句前半句中动词believe后面含有一个宾语从句they cant help putting on wei
30、ght as they get older，其中的as they get older是宾语从句中的时间状语从句。后句中的动词hold后面有一个宾语从句that if they stop exercising，their muscles will turn into fat.这个宾语从句中有一个if引导的条件句。翻译一些人认为随着他们变老，他们会情不自禁地发胖，然而其他人认为如果他们停止锻炼，他们的肌肉会变成脂肪。2You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly，but this is your body
31、 adapting to the positively changes in your lifestyle and the aches should disappear quickly.分析前一句中as you begin to exercise regularly 是一个as引导的时间状语从句。后半句中的this is your body adapting to the positively changes in your lifestyle中的表语是your body adapting to the positively changes，这是一个动名词的复合结构在句中做表语。翻译随着你开始有规律地经常锻炼，你也许会有轻微的不舒服，但这是你的身体开始适应你的生活方式的积极的变化，很快疼痛就会消失。