1、Unit 4Earthquakes(对应学生用书第15页)单词拓展1.injure vt.损害;伤害injuredadj.受伤的injuryn.伤口;受伤处2.judge n.裁判员;法官vt.断定;判决judgementn.判断,评价 3.shock vt.& vi.(使)震惊n.震惊shockedadj.感到震惊的shockingadj.令人震惊的4.extreme adj.极度的extremelyadv.极其;非常 5.destroyvt.破坏;消灭destructionn.破坏 destructiveadj.有破坏性的 6.electricity n.电;电流;电学electricad
2、j.用电的electricaladj.与电有关的electronicadj.电子的 7.frighten vt.使惊吓;吓唬frightenedadj.受惊的frighteningadj.令人恐惧的8.congratulation n.祝贺;(复数)贺词congratulatevt.祝贺 9.express vt.表示 n.快车expressionn.表达;表情单词拓展10.burstvi.& n.爆裂;爆发11.ruin n.废墟 vt.毁灭12.bury vt.埋葬;隐藏13.damagen.& vt.损失;损害14.event n.事件;大事15.rescue n.& vt.援救;营救1
3、6.trap vt.使陷入困境 n.陷阱17.disaster n.灾难;灾祸18.shelter n.掩蔽处短语记忆1.a (great) number of许多;大量的2.dig out掘出;发现3.at an end结束;终结4.right away立刻;马上5.as if仿佛;好像6.in ruins严重受损7.think little of不重视句型整理1.All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。2.It seemed as if the world was at an end!仿佛到了世界末日!3.In the farmyards,the chicken
4、s and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.在农家庭院,鸡甚至是猪都紧张得不敢吃东西。1.burst vi.破裂;胀破;爆裂n.爆发;突然爆裂归纳拓展burst out 突然迸发;爆发burst out doing sth.=burst into+n.突然起来burst in/into 闯进;突然破门而入burst with anger/grief/joy勃然大怒/心痛欲绝/乐不可支高考运用:语法填空Mary burst tears when hearing the bad news.Tom burst out (laugh)when he hear
5、d the joke.答案:intolaughing2.ruin n.U 毁坏;毁灭;崩溃;C (pl.)废墟,遗迹v.(使)破产,(使)堕落,毁灭归纳拓展in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪fall into ruin 荒废;败落bring.to ruin 使毁灭;使没落ruin oneself毁掉自己;自取灭亡ruin ones health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/名誉/前途高考运用:语法填空The big building lies ruins after that fire.An earthquake left the whole town in (ruin).答案:
6、inruins词语辨析:destroy,damage,ruindestroy表示“毁坏”,通常指彻底的毁掉或毁灭,往往暗示无法或很难修复。damage表示“损害”“损坏”,通常是指部分性的损坏,往往暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能等会降低。ruin表示“毁坏”“毁灭”,指彻底的毁坏,破坏的原因通常是自然现象、年龄、疏忽等。The palace was destroyed completely rather than was slightly damaged,which cant be repaired,only leaving ruins.3.injure vt.损害;伤害归纳拓展be/get in
7、jured受伤,受损the injured 伤员injured pride/feelings 受伤的自尊/情感高考运用:语法填空Two thirds of the people died or (injure)during the earthquake.When we got to the spot of the accident,we were told that the (injure)had been sent to hospital.答案:were injuredinjured词语辨析:injure,wound,hurt,harminjure一般指由于意外或事故造成损伤。它常暗示受伤部
8、位的功能受到影响。wound主要用于肉体上的“创伤”,一般指严重的外伤,主要指在战场上受枪弹伤害。作为及物动词,它的宾语是整个人,而不是受伤的部位。hurt指“使人的肉体受伤而疼痛”,或“伤了人的自尊心或感情”。harm指对人或事物造成伤害。用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可,还可用于抽象事物,尤其是指不道德的事情。He injured/hurt his leg while playing football.他在踢足球的时候伤了腿。He got wounded in the war.他在战争中受了伤。Excessive drinking harms our health.过量的饮酒有害我们的健康。I
9、didnt mean to hurt your feelings.我不是故意伤害你的感情的。4.bury vt.埋葬;掩埋;隐藏;专心于归纳拓展bury.in.把埋入bury ones face in ones hands 双手掩面高考运用:语法填空(bury)in his book,he didnt know it was raining outside.Ever since he graduated from college,he has buried himself his research.答案:Buriedin5.judge v.判定;判断;判决n.裁判员;法官;评判员归纳拓展jud
10、ging from/by 从上看,根据判断judge sb./sth. from/by.从来判断as far as I can judge 据我判断,我认为高考运用:语法填空The economic impact of the arts is often overlooked and badly (judge).(2019江苏卷)(judge)from his accent,he must come from Shanghai.答案:judgedJudgingjudging from/by,用在句首时为一个独立成分,不受句子主语和时态的影响。6.at an end结束;终结归纳拓展in the
11、 end最后by the end of到末(常与完成时态连用)end up doing最终end up with以结束make both ends meet使收支相抵,勉强维持生计come to an end (某事)结束,告终高考运用:完成句子Toms basketball career (结束)on Friday after nineteen seasons.We made five different plans for the holiday but (最后) we had a summer camp again.答案:came to an endin the end7.a numbe
12、r of 许多,大量的归纳拓展修饰可数名词的短语有:a (large/great/good )number of,a great/good many,a good few,quite a few,many a,more than one修饰不可数名词的短语有:a great/good deal of,a great/large amount of,quite a little既可修饰可数名词复数又可修饰不可数名词的短语有:a lot of,lots of,a quantity of,quantities of,masses ofthe number of+复数可数名词的数目高考运用:语法填空T
13、he number of sheep on the hill (be) 200.A number of young men (be) playing football on the street.答案:isare“许多”的谓语你知道吗?a number of+pl.n.作主语,谓语动词用复数。large quantities of+pl.n./Un.作主语,谓语动词用复数;a large quantity of+pl.n./Un.作主语,谓语动词的单复数根据of后所接单词的单复数确定;large amounts of+Un.作主语,谓语动词用复数。8.think little of 不重视,轻
14、视归纳拓展think highly/well/a lot/much of. 对评价高think poorly/badly/little/nothing of. 对评价不高;不重视speak well/ ill of. 说的好/坏话sing high praise for. 对评价高高考运用:语法填空I gave him some advice,but he thought little it.She thinks nothing of (walk) thirty miles a day.完成句子As a young leader,he (受到高度评价).答案:ofwalkingis well/
15、 highly thought of9.All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。该句为部分否定句。归纳拓展当not与all,both,each,every,everyone,everything等具有全部意义的不定代词或形容词连用时,无论not处于何位置,皆表示不完全否定,意为“并非都”。no,none,no one,neither,nothing,nowhere等表示完全否定。高考运用:完成句子The 3,500 residents can (并非所有)enjoy the sunshine at the same time.(2019全国,完形填空)句型转换Not all the people present agreed with you.All the people present with you.答案:not alldidnt agree
