1、.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1The angry people attacked the people with stones and bricks(砖)2Im in the process of collecting materials(材料) for an article Im writing.3Any recreation(娱乐；消遣) was forbidden during those days.4I dont like the new restaurant because the food there is bad and the charge(费用) is ver
2、y high.5He says China has used more solar(太阳的) energy than any other country in the world.6Using alternative energy is one of the ways to protect the environment.7Dont switch off the TV. 8He hated being in the army because he had to obey commands9It is reported that several people in connection with
3、 a robbery have been arrested10It is advisable that you should attach a recent photo of you to your application(申请) form.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1mud n. 泥muddy adj. 多泥的；泥泞的2risk v. & n. 冒险risky adj. 危险的；冒险的3Limit n. (常作复数)范围limited adj. 有限的limitless/unlimited adj. 无限的4power vt. 供给动力powerful adj. 强大的powe
4、rless无权的；无影响力的5disable vt. 使失去能力；使伤残disabled adj. 残疾的；有缺陷的disability n. 失去能力；伤残名词后缀ity形容词后缀ydisability 失去能力；伤残possibility 可能性equality 平等risky 危险的；冒险的muddy 多泥的；泥泞的wealthy 富裕的.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1for sure肯定地2run out (某物)用完；不多了；没有了3rely on 依靠4get rid of 除掉；处理掉5free of charge 免费6use up 用完7at birth 一出生8carry
5、out 实施；执行9place an order 订购10make predictions 作预测.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1We should get rid of some bad habits and develop good ones.2The man washes clothes for the visitors coming here free of charge3Nowadays，many young people rely on their parents to live.4We decided it would be best to go home，before o
6、ur money ran out5One thing is for sureonce the baby is born，your life will never be the same again.“依赖；依靠”短语一览carry动词短语全接触rely on 依赖；依靠depend on 依赖；依靠count on 依赖；依靠carry out 实施；执行carry on 继续；坚持carry through 完成；使渡过难关背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.No one knows for sure, and making predictions is a risky business.谁也
7、说不准，并且猜测也是件冒险的事。动名词(短语)作主语。踢足球是他的业余爱好之一。Playing football is one of his hobbies.2.Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no matter where they live.每个人在出生时都会领到一个电话号码，无论他们生活在什么地方，这个号码都不会改变。“no matter疑问词”引导的让步状语从句。无论明天发生什么，只要紧紧抓住今天，你就不会后悔。No matter what happens tomorro
8、w, hold on to today and you wont regret it.3.Distance surgery will become common as doctors carry out operations from thousands of miles away, with each city having its own telesurgery outpatient clinic. 医生在几千英里以外为病人动手术的远程治疗将成为寻常事，因为每个城市都有自己的远程诊所。with复合结构。他有那么多文章要写，今天早上将没有时间去买东西了。With a great many a
9、rticles to write, he wont have time to go shopping this morning. alternative adj. 替换的；供选择的n. 可能的选择；选择对象(经典例句)As natural resources are limited on earth, we will have to use alternative energy.由于地球上的自然资源是有限的，我们将不得不运用可替代性能源。an alternative to 的替代品have no alternative but to do sth. 别无选择只好做某事have the alte
10、rnative of doing sth. 有做某事的选择We are very sad to have to do this, but there is no other alternatives.不得不这么做，让我们很难过，但是没有其他的选择。You have the alternative of going to college or working.你可以上大学，也可以工作，任你选择。If he wants to go to Hongkong tonight, he has no alternative but to go(go) by air.如果他今晚想去香港，除了坐飞机外别无选择
11、。 for sure(for certain)肯定地(教材P2)No one knows for sure，and making predictions is a risky business.谁也说不准，并且猜测也是件冒险的事。make sure确认；务必弄明白，设法确保be sure of/about 对很确信；坚信be sure to do sth. 必定/一定做某事be sure that 必定，一定I think the door is locked，but Id better go and make sure it is.我想门已经锁了，但我最好还是去查看一下。There are
12、two things he is not sure about/of.有两件事他没把握。Be sure to write(write) and tell me all the news.一定要写信告诉我所有的消息。名师点津可以用It is certain that.结构，但不能用It is sure that.结构。 risky adj.危险的；冒险的(经典例句)Sailing across the Atlantic alone is a risky thing.独自跨越大西洋是一件冒险的事。(1)risk sth.冒的危险risk doing sth. 冒险做某事(2)at risk( fr
13、om/of sth.) 冒风险，有危险at the risk of doing sth. 冒着的风险run the risk( of sth./of doing sth.) 冒(的)危险take a risk/risks( to do sth.) 冒险(做某事)at any risk 无论有何风险；不管怎样，无论如何You are taking a big risk to drive so fast.你开车这样快是在冒很大的危险。Young people may risk going(go) deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every d
14、ay.如果年轻人每天听非常大声音的音乐，他们可能有变聋的危险。We cant run the risk of losing all our money.我们不能冒失去我们所有金钱的风险。 run out (某物)用完；不多了；没有了(教材P2)In the future, care for the environment will become very important as earths natural resources run out.在未来，爱护环境将会很重要，因为地球的资源将濒临枯竭。(1)run out of用完(及物动词短语)use up 用完；耗尽(及物动词短语)(2)ru
15、n across 偶然遇到run after 追逐；追踪run into 撞上；踫见Our money has run out and I dont know what to do next.We have run out of/used up our money and I dont know what to do next.我们已经花完了钱，我不知道下一步做什么。I unexpectedly ran across/into him on the street the other day.前几天我意外在街上遇见了他。Many men run after success, and often
16、neglect their wives and children. 许多人追逐成功，经常忽视妻子和孩子们。 rely vi.依赖；依靠(教材P2)We will also have to rely more on alternative energy，such as solar and wind power.我们也将不得不更多地依赖其他能源。例如，太阳能和风能。rely on/upon sb.to do sth./ doing sth.指望某人做；相信某人会做rely on/upon sb. for sth. 指望某人提供rely on/upon it that. 相信，指望You cant
17、just rely on your parents lending/to lend you the money.你不能只指望父母借钱给你。We cant rely on her for help.我们不可能指望她的帮助。You may rely on it that they will support you.你可以指望他们支持你。 load vi.&vt.装入，装上 vi.承载，装载nC负荷；(责任或忧虑的)沉重感；承载量；大量，许多(教材P2)To get rid of garbage problems，the city will load huge spaceships with was
18、te materials and send them towards the sun，preventing landfill and environmental problems.为了摆脱垃圾问题的困扰，城市将会用巨型宇宙飞船装载废弃材料，朝太阳发射，这样做防止了垃圾填埋和环境问题。(1)load.with sth.把某物装上load sth. into/onto. 把某物装入/到(2)take a load off ones mind 如释重负a load ofloads of 许多(后接可数名词/不可数名词)They are loading the truck with a couch.他
19、们正把长沙发装上卡车。The woman came down the hill with a load of firewood.这个女人背着许多柴火下了山。The good news took a load off my mind.这个好消息使我如释重负。Hes got a load of friends.他有很多朋友。名师点津load相关词语积累overload vt.使超载unload vt.卸，取下upload vt.上传 download vt.下载 limit n(常作复数)范围；界限；限制 v限制(教材P2)No smoking will be allowed within a f
20、uture citys limits.未来的城市市内将不允许吸烟。(1)set a limit to sth. 对规定限度within the limits of 在范围内beyond the limit 超过限度(2)limit . to . 把限制到be limited to 受局限于In my opinion, you had better set a limit to the expense of your trip.以我来看，你最好对旅游费用设定个界限。In my opinion, keeping dogs shouldnt be banned, but should be with
21、in the limit of certain areas.以我看来，养狗不应被限制，但是应该限制在某个范围之内。There is a limit to ones life, but no limit to serving (serve) the people.人的生命是有限的，但是为人民服务是无限的。名师指津上述短语中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。 command nC指令，命令(其近义词为order)；指挥，控制；掌握，运用能力 vt.命令；指挥(教材P2)In the future all shopping will be done online，and catalogues w
22、ill have voice commands to place orders.将来所有的购物将会在网上进行，商品目录将会有语音指令来排序。(1)be at ones command听候某人的吩咐，服从某人的支配(be) in command of 指挥，控制in the command of 由指挥；由控制take/have command of 控制，指挥have a good command of. 熟练掌握，精通(2)command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事command that sb.(should) do. 命令某人应该做The boy stood up at
23、 his command.男孩听从他的命令，站起身来。The police arrived and took command of the situation.警察到达后就控制了局势。He commanded the soldiers to cross(cross) the river at once.他命令士兵们立即过河。名师点津command(命令)作名词时，其后的同位语从句和表语从句要用虚拟语气；作动词时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should动词原形”，should可以省略。 charge nC，U 费用，收费；U 主管，掌管；v要价，收费 vt.&n.指控，控告，指责
24、(教材P2)All forms of recreation，such as cinemas，bowling，softball，concerts and others，will be provided free of charge by the city.所有的娱乐形式，例如电影、保龄球、垒球、音乐会和其他等等，都将由该市政府免费提供。(1)free of charge免费charge sb.some money for (doing) sth. 就向某人收钱charge for 对收费(2)in charge of 负责/掌管(主语通常为人)in the charge of 由负责/掌管(主语
25、通常为物)take charge of 负责/掌管(3)criminal charges 刑事指控charge sb. with( doing) sth. 因控告某人；因指责某人(2019全国卷)At first the price of single copies was seldom a pennyusually two or three cents was charged.起初单份报纸的价格很少是一分通常收费二三分Do you think parks should charge for admission？你认为进公园应该收费吗？Do you know if Linda is willi
26、ng to take charge of the program？你知道琳达是否愿意负责这个项目吗？ attach vi.系，贴，附上 vt.认为有重要性(或意义、价值、分量等)，重视 vt.&vi.(使)附属；(使)与有联系；参加(教材P2)Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using hightech cameras attached to their head.通过系在头上的高科技照相机，行动不便的老年人和身体有残疾的人就能周游世界。(1)attach
27、 sth.to sth.把系到上，把附在上(to为介词，后跟名词或动名词作宾语)(2)attach(great/little) importance/value/weight to sth.认为(很有/没有)重要性/价值/分量(3)attach A to B将A附属于Battach oneself to 依附；参加be attached to. 附属于attachment n. 附属物，附件；爱慕，依恋My parents always attach great importance to my getting a good education.我的父母一直非常重视让我接受良好的教育。They
28、 have attached some conditions to the agreement.他们在协议上附加了一些条件。My brother is studying in the school attached(attach) to the college nearby.我的弟弟正在附近的这所大学的附属中学学习。(教材P2)Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no matter where they live.每个人在出生时都会领到一个电话号码，无论他们生活在什么地方，这个电话号
29、码都不会改变。【要点提炼】no matter where引导的让步状语从句。本句是一个双重主从复合句，其中that will never change no matter where they live为that引导的定语从句，先行词是a telephone number，that在从句中作主语；该定语从句中又包含no matter where引导的让步状语从句。“no matter疑问词”引导让步状语从句(1)no matter和疑问词(what/who/which/when/where/how等)一起引导让步状语从句。其中no matter how引导让步状语从句时后紧跟形容词或副词，然后
30、接从句中的其他成分，句子的语序为：no matter how adj./adv.主语谓语部分。(2)no matter how/who/where/when/what/which引导让步状语从句时，可换成however/whoever/wherever/whenever/whatever/whichever(无论多么/无论谁/无论哪里/无论何时/无论什么/无论哪个)等。(3)当whoever，whichever，whatever引导名词性从句时，它们不能换成no matter who/which/what。Wherever/No matter where you live，you must l
31、earn to get along with others.(让步状语从句)不管你生活在哪里，你必须学会与他人相处。No matter how late he is，his mother will wait for him to have dinner together.无论多晚，他妈妈都会等他一起吃晚饭。No matter what you say(Whatever you say)，you are right.Whatever you say(No matter what you say) is right.无论你说什么都是对的。名师点津引导名词性从句的whoever相当于anyone w
32、ho，anybody who; whatever相当于anything that。在这种情况下，whoever，whatever相当于定语从句中的“先行词关系代词”。(教材P2)To find out what young people think about the future of urban life，a teacher at a university in Texas in the United States asked his students to think how they would run a city of 50，000 people in the year 2025.
33、【分析】 To find out what young people think about the future of urban life不定式短语作目的状语，what从句作find out 的宾语。a teacher作主语，asked 作谓语，his students作宾语，to think作宾补。 at a university in Texas in the United States是介词短语作定语修饰a teacher，how 从句作think的宾语。【翻译】为了获知年轻人对未来城市生活的想法，美国得克萨斯州的一位大学老师让他的学生们思考如何管理一个在2025年拥有5万人口的城市
34、。.单句语法填空1While you have a good command of English, you still need more practice.2I dont want to put all my money into the risky(risk) business.3Often this earliest form of advertising involved a newly arrived ship loaded(load) with goods.4Hell get the first prize for sure. 5The man was arrested(arre
35、st) by the police because he stole a car yesterday.6She is deaf, but refuses to let her disability(ability) prevent her from doing what she wants to do.7Not many people agree with the governments prediction(predict) that the economy will improve.8The traffic policeman charged the driver with speedin
36、g and fined him $50.9Although he has limited(limit) technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience.10In my opinion, more importance should be attached to developing(develop) students ability to solve problems.单句改错1He had to find a job because his money had been run out. 去掉been或在out后加of2
37、There was not much time left, so the speaker was asked to limit his speech for ten minutes. forto3He never breaks his promise; you can rely on that hell come to meet you on time. 第一个 on后加 it4Could I speak to whoever is in the charge of the department please? 去掉第一个the5This hospital attaching to the m
38、edical college nearby was destroyed in the flood. attachingattached.完成句子1常言道，早睡早起是个好习惯。As the old saying goes, going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.2不幸的是，我们很多年轻人重视手机远远超过了重视朋友。Unfortunately many of us teenagers attach much more importance to our phones than to our friends.3路上被大雨堵的车太多了，我们只好等待。There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain on the road that we had no alternative but to wait4无论遇到什么样的困难，他都要继续推行他的计划。No matter what difficulties he may meet with, he will carry on his plan.5随着高度的增加，空气越来越稀薄了。With the height increasing, the atmosphere gets thinner and thinner.