1、四川省棠湖中学2020届高三英语第一次适应性考试试题（含解析）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项
2、中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15. 答案是C。1. Why is the woman nervous?A. She didnt study for her test. B. She didnt get a good grade. C. She doesnt know her grade.2. What did the man order?A. Steak. B. Spaghetti. C. Vegetables.3. What
3、place did the woman get?A. First. B. Second. C. Third.4. Where is the conversation taking place?A. In an office. B. In a restaurant. C. In a cake shop.5. What woke up the speakers?A. A person. B. An animal. C. A clock.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白
4、前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What do you think The Voice is?A. A volunteer center. B. A newspaper. C. An organization.7. Whats the best reason for taking the job according to the speaker?A. To make some money. B. To have fun. C. To learn to type.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题
5、。8. When are volunteers expected to start working?A. Immediately. B. Next week. C. Tomorrow.9. What kind of volunteers do they need?A. Those who need money.B. Those who have rich experience.C Those who can manage their time well.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Where did the man get the information about the di
6、saster?A. From TV. B. From a friend. C. From her family.11. What happened to the town this weekend?A. A bridge broke.B. A storm killed people.C. A flood ruined many houses.12. What is the mans challenge in learning French?A. Practicing speaking.B. Finding time to study.C. Learning the grammar.听第9段材料
7、，回答第13至16题。13. What do the speakers plan to do together in the future?A. Watch French movies.B. Join a French class.C. Go on a trip.14. What does the woman want to do?A. Rent a flat. B. Sell her house. C. Buy a house.15. How many people are there in the womans family?A. 2. B. 4. C. 6.16. How much sh
8、ould the woman pay for the three-room flat every month?A. 400 yuan. B. 600 yuan. C. 1,000 yuan.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. Who is making the announcement?A. The student government. B. The school newspaper.C. The football team.18. How many new teams are added this year?A. Four. B. Three. C. Two.19. What do
9、 the music club members do?A. They organize trips. B. They attend concerts.C. They have dancing nights.20. Why should a student join a campus group?A. To have friends. B. To make good grades. C. To keep up with world news.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AW
10、ant to be more successful? If so, then you need to read a few self-help books. Here are four popular ones to get you going.59 Seconds ( 2009) by Richard WisemanThis is a self-help book with a difference. Wiseman, a scientist, uses science to prove many self-help myths(神话) are false. For example, sel
11、f-help books say that if you want to achieve a goal, you should visualize it. But Wiseman says thats the worst thing to do. Studies show that you need to visualize the steps required to achieve the goal.How to Win Friends& Influence People ( 1936) by Dale CarnegieThis is the book that launched the s
12、elf-help type. Carnegie says financial success is 15% professional knowledge and 85% the ability to express ideas, assume leadership, and motivate people. The book is full of practical advice on how to influence people by making them like you.The Millionaire Next Door (1996) by Thomas Stanley & Wlli
13、am DankoThe authors of this book spent years interviewing American millionaires to figure out the secrets of their success. And they discovered that a majority of millionaires dont live luxury lifestyles. Theyre rich because they live below their means and reinvest what they earn.Who Moved My Cheese
14、? (1998)-by Spencer JohnsonWho Moved My Cheese? An Amazing Way to Deal with Change in Your Work and in Your Life, published on September 8, 1998, is a motivational business fable. The text describes change in ones work and life, and four typical reactions to those changes by two mice and two “little
15、 people”，during their hunt for cheese.1. What is the key to achieving success in 59 Seconds?A. To employ science.B. To follow examples.C. To picture procedures.D. To visualize the goal.2. What is Dale Carnegies book mainly about?A. How to master occupational knowledge.B. How to apply practical techn
16、iques.C. How to gain strong management.D. How to become popular persons.3. Which book can help you adapt to change in your life?A. 59 SecondsB. Who Moved My Cheese?C. The Millionaire Next DoorD. How to Win Friends& Influence People【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四本有助于变得更成功的自助书籍。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据59 S
17、econds ( 2009) by Richard Wiseman部分中Studies show that you need to visualize the steps required to achieve the goal.可知研究表明，你需要设想实现目标所需的步骤。由此可知，要想在59秒内取得成功，关键是要把步骤想象出来。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据How to Win Friends& Influence People ( 1936) by Dale Carnegie部分中The book is full of practical advice on how to influ
18、ence people by making them like you.可知这本书里有很多实用的建议，教你如何通过让别人喜欢你来影响别人。由此可知，Dale Carnegie的书主要讲了如何成为受欢迎的人。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中Who Moved My Cheese? An Amazing Way to Deal with Change in Your Work and in Your Life, published on September 8, 1998, is a motivational business fable. The text describes ch
19、ange in ones work and life, and four typical reactions to those changes by two mice and two “little people”，during their hunt for cheese.可知1998年9月8日出版的谁动了我的奶酪？处理工作和生活变化的神奇方法是一个励志的商业寓言。文章描述了工作和生活的变化，以及两只老鼠和两个“小人物”在寻找奶酪的过程中对这些变化的四种典型反应。由此可知，谁动了我的奶酪？这本书可以帮助你适应生活中的变化。故选B。BAnyone who knew Jack knew him w
20、ell. He was the first to hide under the bed covers every time the sky grew grey and thunder was heard in the distance. He was in great fear of storms. However, that day changed it all.With dark clouds in the morning, Jack was in the car with his sister, Emily, who was driving them home. Jack was hol
21、ding the sides of his seat tightly. As a result, his knuckles (指关节) turned white. Suddenly, the treacherous road conditions sent the car into a slide. The vehicle went off the wet and slippery road, rolled several times and finally rest upside down. Fortunately, both of them were wearing seat belts.
22、 Head bleeding heavily, Emily was conscious but unable to move. Thankfully Jack was unhurt.Water poured through the broken windows of the car. Suddenly, Jack recalled something. He quickly unfastened the seat belt and moved out of the passenger window. With rain beating against his face and arms, Ja
23、ck made his way to the drivers side with great difficulty. He managed to pull her through the window. Suddenly, he felt a strong pain on his arms. It was only later that Jack realized the broken pieces of the window had cut them while he was pulling his sister through the window. Finally Jack dragge
24、d Emily up to the road. They were soon rescued.Emily later recalled her terrifying experience and was truly amazed by his courage. Jacks act of courage was motivated by his favourite book: The Little Engine That Could. In it, when everyone had given up hope, the Little Engine carried the heavy toys
25、and candies over the hill to the children waiting on the other side. The Little Engine had shown courage and taken action.Obviously, we cannot attribute Jacks bravery to that one story but without doubt, the book had left a deep impression on him and inspired him to respond positively in a difficult
26、 situation.4. What made it difficult for Jack to go over to the drivers side?A. His fear.B. The heavy rain.C. His injuries.D. The bad road condition.5 What does the underlined word “treacherous” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Dangerous.B. Strange.C. Special.D. Fantastic.6. How did Emily feel about
27、Jacks change?A. Annoyed.B. Embarrassed.C. SurprisedD. Puzzled.7. What can we infer about the book mentioned in the text?A. It was once a bestseller.B. It once inspired Emily.C. It was intended for kid.D. It was a horror story.【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. C【解析】本文是记叙文。认识杰克的人都知道他非常害怕暴风雨。但是在一次大雨中，他勇敢地救出了妹妹Emil
28、y。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“With rain beating against his face and arms, Jack made his way to the drivers side with great difficulty.”因为雨很大，雨水打在杰克的脸上和手臂上，杰克过去到驾驶座那边就很困难。故选B项。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中划线词所在的句子“road conditions sent the car into a slide. The vehicle went off the wet and slippery road”，可知，路况不好，路面又湿又滑，
29、这样汽车就打滑。因此可以猜测“treacherous”意思为“危险的”。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Emily later recalled her terrifying experience and was truly amazed by his courage.” Emily真的被Jack的勇气惊呆了。surprised 与amazed是同义词。因此可知Emily对Jack的变化感到惊讶。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中关于Jack 最喜欢的书“The Little Engine That Could”的介绍“In it, when everyone ha
30、d given up hope, the Little Engine carried the heavy toys and candies over the hill to the children waiting on the other side.”，通过其中“the heavy toys，candies，the children”等词可以看出，这本书是写给孩子看的。故选C项。CUWs Jason Shogren and Linda Thunstrom, along with Jonas Nordstrom of the Lund University School of Economic
31、s and Management, have documented that two-adult households with children emit over 25 percent more carbon dioxide than two-adult households without children.The study involved an analysis of expenditures on goods and services by households in Sweden. The researchers found that parents with children
32、 at home consume goods and services that emit CO2 in the areas of food, such as meat, and transportation, such as gasoline, at higher rates than childless households.The economists note that time constraints (约束) become more demanding, and convenience may become more important, when people have chil
33、dren.“Parents may need to be in more places in one day,” resulting in people driving themselves instead of using public transportation or bicycling, the researchers wrote. “They also need to feed more people. Eating more pre-prepared, red meat carbon-intensive meals may add convenience and save time
34、.”The distinction in the carbon footprints of Swedish households with and without children is particularly striking, as concerns about climate change are more pronounced in Sweden than most other developed counties. Most Swedes believe climate change is real and have accepted sizable CO2 taxes, and
35、households with children are given financial aid, which helps to alleviate some of the time shortage for parents to a certain extent.“If were finding these results in Sweden, its pretty safe to assume that the distinction in carbon footprints between parents and nonparents is even bigger in most oth
36、er Western countries,” Thunstrom says.“Becoming a parent can transform a person, he or she thinks more about the future and worries about future risks imposed on their children and of spring,” Shogren says. “But, while having children might be transformational, our results suggest that parents conce
37、rns about climate change do not cause them to be greener than non-parent adults.”8. According to the study, compared with the households without children, the households with children _.A. emit more carbon dioxideB. consume more goods and servicesC. attach more importance to the quality of goods and
38、 servicesD. are less concerned about carbon footprints9. Why do two-adult households with children have higher carbon footprints?A. They prefer to eat red meat prepared in advance.B. They arent concerned about climate change.C. They drive cars more as a consequence of time pressure.D. They need to p
39、urchase more goods and services.10. The underlined word “alleviate” in paragraph 5 refers to _.A. solveB. heightenC. worsenD. ease11. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Being a parent will cause a person to be more concerned about carbon emission.B. Carbon footprints grow with parenthood becaus
40、e of increased time constraints and the need for convenience. C. The increasing expenditures on goods and services by households help raise the awareness of carbon footprints.D. The difference in carbon footprints between parents and nonparents is much severer in other western countries than in Swed
41、en.【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项研究发现，研究表明两个有孩子的成年家庭比两个没有孩子的成年家庭排放的二氧化碳多25%。【8题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“UWs Jason Shogren and Linda Thunstrom, along with Jonas Nordstrom of the Lund University School of Economics and Management, have documented that two-adult households with children emit over
42、25 percent more carbon dioxide than two-adult households without children.”（华盛顿大学的Jason Shogren和Linda Thunstrom，以及Lund大学经济与管理学院的Jonas Nordstrom，已经证明两个有孩子的成年家庭比两个没有孩子的成年家庭排放的二氧化碳多25%。），可知有孩子的家庭比没孩子的家庭排放更多的碳。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“The economists note that time constraints (约束) become more demanding,
43、and convenience may become more important, when people have children.”（经济学家指出，当人们有孩子的时候，时间限制变得更加苛刻，便利性可能变得更加重要。）和第四段中的“Parents may need to be in more places in one day,” resulting in people driving themselves instead of using public transportation or bicycling, the researchers wrote.”（研究人员写道：“父母可能需要
44、在一天内到更多的地方”，结果人们自己开车，而不是乘坐公共交通工具或骑自行车。），可知有孩子的成年家庭的碳足迹更高是因为时间压力，他们开车更多。故选C项。【10题详解】词义猜测题。由第五段由“Most Swedes believe climate change is real and have accepted sizable CO2 taxes, and households with children are given financial aid, which helps to alleviate some of the time shortage for parents to a cer
45、tain extent.”（大多数瑞典人认为气候变化是真实存在的，并且已经接受了相当大的二氧化碳税，并且给有孩子的家庭提供了财政援助，这在一定程度上有助于缓解父母的一些时间短缺。），从households with children are given financial aid可知，是一定程度上缓和了父母的时间短缺，此处alleviate意为“减轻、缓和”之意。故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。由第一段中的“UWs Jason Shogren and Linda Thunstrom, along with Jonas Nordstrom of the Lund University Sch
46、ool of Economics and Management, have documented that two-adult households with children emit over 25 percent more carbon dioxide than two-adult households without children.”（华盛顿大学的Jason Shogren和Linda Thunstrom，以及Lund大学经济与管理学院的Jonas Nordstrom，已经证明两个有孩子的成年家庭比两个没有孩子的成年家庭排放的二氧化碳多25%。），第二段中的“The researc
47、hers found that parents with children at home consume goods and services that emit CO2 in the areas of food, such as meat, and transportation, such as gasoline, at higher rates than childless households.”（研究人员发现，有孩子在家的父母消费的商品和服务在食物（如肉类）和交通工具（如汽油）等领域的二氧化碳排放率高于没有孩子的家庭。），第三段中的“The economists note that
48、time constraints (约束) become more demanding, and convenience may become more important, when people have children.”（经济学家指出，当人们有孩子的时候，时间限制变得更加苛刻，便利性可能变得更加重要。）和第四段中的“Parents may need to be in more places in one day,” resulting in people driving themselves instead of using public transportation or bicy
49、cling, the researchers wrote.”（研究人员写道：“父母可能需要在一天内到更多的地方”，结果人们自己开车，而不是乘坐公共交通工具或骑自行车。），可知“由于时间的限制和对便利的需求，为人父母后的碳足迹会随之增加”，此为这篇文章的大意。故选B项。DInaccessible Island is well named. It is an uninhabited rock in the South Atlantic ocean. Go there, though, and you will find its coast is covered with litter.That h
50、as been the experience of Peter Ryan of the University of Cape Town, in South Africa. Since 1984 Dr. Ryan has been visiting Inaccessible, recording the litter stranded on the islands beaches. This week, he has published the results.Though Inaccessible is indeed remote, the nature of oceanic circulat
51、ion means that this is exactly the sort of place where floating rubbish tends to accumulate.Dr. Ryan and his colleagues focused on one particular class of litter: bottles. Their definition of a bottle included jars and containers, and things made of metal, glass or polymer. Most, though, were of pol
52、yethylene terephthalate , a light plastic.A particular advantage of picking bottles to investigate is that they are often stamped with their country of manufacture. That enabled Dr. Ryan to analyze the history of oceanic littering. He analyzed the proportions of bottles from various geographical sou
53、rces. In 1989 the preponderance (优势) of them (67%) was South American. Twenty years later, in 2009, bottles made in Asia contributed more or less equally (44%) with South American ones (41%). By 2018 the overwhelming (压倒性的) majority (74%) were Asian.This geographical shift speaks volumes. The first
54、sample suggests most litter arriving on Inaccessible had been washed off the land or dropped from coastal shipping South America being a relatively nearby continent. The other two, with their rising proportions of rubbish from Asia, which is too far from the island for it to have floated there, stro
55、ngly suggest it was crews empties being flung from ships. Such littering is banned which, ironically, came into force in 1989. But evidently a lot of ships captains do not care. They permit the dumping of rubbish over the side, regardless.12. What leads to litter gathering on Inaccessible Island?A.
56、The natural phenomenon of ocean currents.B. Too many peoples activities on the island.C. The litters floating around the island.D. The islands remote location.13. Why does Dr. Ryan choose bottles as subjects?A. It is easy to analyze them.B. It is possible to figure out their sources.C. There are sta
57、mps attached to them.D. They contribute most to oceanic littering.14. What does the underlined word “flung” in the last paragraph mean?A. Cast away.B. Given away.C. Carried out.D. Put out.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Plastic Bottles Washed up on Inaccessible IslandB. Geographical Facto
58、rs Accounting for More RubbishC. Plastic Pollution Worsening on Remote AtlanticD. A Bottled up Rubbish Problem on Inaccessible Island【答案】12. A 13. B 14. A 15. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。Inaccessible岛的名字很好。它是南大西洋的一块无人居住的岩石。然而，去那里，你会发现它的海岸到处都是垃圾。Peter Ryan和他的同事们的一项研究发现Inaccessible岛上的垃圾堆积的原因是因为洋流导致的，文章还说明了他们是如何进行调查从
59、而发现这一原因的，他们发现岛上的垃圾都是从陆地上被冲走的，或者是从沿海的船只上扔下的。12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段Though Inaccessible is indeed remote, the nature of oceanic circulation means that this is exactly the sort of place where floating rubbish tends to accumulate.可知，虽然Inaccessible岛的确很遥远，但海洋环流的性质意味着这里正是漂浮垃圾容易堆积的地方。由此可知，洋流的自然现象导致了Inaccessible岛的
60、垃圾堆积。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中A particular advantage of picking bottles to investigate is that they are often stamped with their country of manufacture.可知，挑选瓶子进行调查的一个特别优点是，它们通常都印有生产国家的标志。由此可知，Ryan博士选择瓶子作为实验对象是因为这样可能可以弄清瓶子的来源。故选B。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文The other two, with their rising proportions of rubbish
61、from Asia, which is too far from the island for it to have floated there, strongly suggest it was crews empties being可知，另外两艘船中，来自亚洲的垃圾越来越多，因为亚洲离该岛太远，不可能漂浮在岛上，这有力地说明了这是船员从船上丢弃的空垃圾。由此可知，划线单词意思为“丢弃”。A. Cast away.丢弃；B. Given away.分发；C. Carried out.实施；D. Put out.熄灭。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段Inaccessible Isla
62、nd is well named. It is an uninhabited rock in the South Atlantic ocean. Go there, though, and you will find its coast is covered with litter.可知，Inaccessible岛的名字很好。它是南大西洋的一块无人居住的岩石。然而，去那里，你会发现它的海岸到处都是垃圾。结合文章主要介绍了Inaccessible岛的名字很好。它是南大西洋的一块无人居住的岩石。然而，去那里，你会发现它的海岸到处都是垃圾。Peter Ryan和他的同事们的一项研究发现Inacces
63、sible岛上的垃圾堆积的原因是因为洋流导致的，文章还说明了他们是如何进行调查从而发现这一原因的，他们发现岛上的垃圾都是从陆地上被冲走的，或者是从沿海的船只上扔下的。由此可知，D选项“Inaccessible岛上的垃圾问题”最符合文章标题，故选D。第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。In Stressful Times, Make Stress Work for YouThese are stressful times. Fortunately, we can actually use that stre
64、ss to improve our health and well-being. Over a decade of research suggests that its not the type or amount of stress that determines its impact. _16_. But how can we change our stress mind-set?Step 1: Acknowledge Your StressLabeling your stress consciously and deliberately moves neural activity fro
65、m the amygdala the center of emotion and fear to the prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for executive control and planning.In other words, when we take a moment to acknowledge our stress, it moves us from operating from a fearful, reactive place to a position where we can be thoughtful and deli
66、berate. _17_.Step 2: Own Your Stress_18_ We only stress about things that we care about. By owning our stress, we connect to the positive motivation or personal value behind our stress.Try completing this sentence about whatever was specifically stressing you out in step one: Im stressed about becau
67、se I deeply care about.Step 3: _19_Connecting to the core values behind your stress sets you up for the third and most essential step: using stress to achieve your goals and connect more deeply with the things that matter most.Ask yourself: Are your typical responses in alignment with the values beh
68、ind your stress? Think about how you might change your response to this stress to better facilitate your goals and your purpose.Theres so much happening right now that we cant control. _20_. Some psychologists argue that true transformative change can occur only during stress or crises. The trick is
69、 to channel your stress as energy to make the most of this time.A. Use Your Stress.B. Control Your Stress.C. The next step is to welcome, or own, your stress.D. Instead, its our mind-set about stress that matters most.E. However, there are also unprecedented opportunities amid the fear.F. Its also a
70、 chance to understand whats at the heart of your personal stress.G. But later, we will be able to ask ourselves how we each responded to this crisis.【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C 19. A 20. E【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何利用压力来改善我们的健康和幸福的三个步骤。【16题详解】上文Over a decade of research suggests that its not the type or amount
71、of stress that determines its impact.(超过10年的研究表明，不是压力的类型和数量决定了它的影响) D. Instead, its our mind-set about stress that matters most.(相反，我们对压力的心态最重要)承接自然，determine和matter是关键词，故选D项。【17题详解】上文In other words, when we take a moment to acknowledge our stress, it moves us from operating a fearful, reactive plac
72、e to a position where we can be thoughtful and deliberate.(换句话来说，当我们用一点时间承认我们的压力，它就让我们从一个可怕反应的状态变为一个可以深思熟虑的状态)与F. Its also a chance to understand whats at the heart of your personal stress.(这也是一个了解你个人压力的核心所在的机会)承接自然，上下文都讲述承认自己压力带来的好处，构成明显的并列关系，故选F项。【18题详解】C. The next step is to welcome, or own, your
73、 stress.(接下来就是欢迎，或者拥有，你的压力)符合本段小标题Step 2: Own Your Stress(第二步：拥有你的压力)的话题，own是关键词，故选C项。【19题详解】根据下文Connecting to the core values behind your stress sets you up for the third and most essential step: using stress to achieve your goals and connect more deeply with the things that matter most.(把压力背后的核心价值
74、观联系起来，你就可以迈出第三步，也是最重要的一步：利用压力来实现你的目标，并与最重要的事情更深入地联系起来)可知，本段主要讲述利用压力。A. Use Your Stress.(利用你的压力)可以作为本段小标题，故选A项。【20题详解】上文Theres so much happening right now that we cant control.(现在发生的事情太多了，我们无法控制)与E. However, there are also unprecedented opportunities amid the fear.(然而，在恐惧中也有前所未有的机会)承接自然，上下文构成明显的转折关系，
75、虽然很多无法控制的事情让我们产生恐惧，但恐惧中也存在着机会，故选E项。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。With a combined total of 211 years between them, Charlotte and John Henderson, from Austin, Texas, are celebrating their 80th wedding anniversary. The two are _21_ the oldest
76、 living couple on earth, according to Guinness World Records. John Henderson is 106 _22_ Charlotte Henderson is 105.The pair met in 1934 as _23_ at the University of Texas, where Charlotte was studying to be a teacher and John played football. John was very _24_ of football. Since 2010, he has had t
77、he _25_ of being the oldest living former UT football player, and he _26_ a game every year. The Hendersons, who have no children, have _27_ at a retirement community in Austin, for the past decade. It is _28_ that the retirement home helped to _29_ an anniversary party for the couple. “In our ages,
78、 weve slowed down somewhat,” John Henderson _30_. “We used to go on cruises, but now we have to take it _31_. We like watching sports and talking about what were going to do.”Hendersons nephew Jason Free said the two were his _32_ role models. They love and really care for each other. “They dont alw
79、ays _33_ the past,” Free said. “You wont hear them say, Oh, if only it were 1952 again, _34_ would be great. Instead, they are making plans for their _35_ together.”Free noted that when his uncle is at a UT game or out _36_ friends, Charlotte usually will call to _37_ him. “She likes to know when Jo
80、hn is going to be coming back to eat with her,” Free said.As for the _38_ to their longevity, John Henderson puts it down to exercise and having a positive _39_. Then with a _40_ he added, “But some people think its because weve never had kids!”21. A. naturallyB. officiallyC. individuallyD. normally
81、22. A. soB. butC. asD. and23. A. participantsB. professorsC. studentsD. players24. A. fondB. sureC. afraidD. tired25. A. qualificationB. confidenceC. truthD. distinction26. A. organizesB. attendsC. sponsorsD. appreciates27. A. aimedB. researchedC. livedD. arrived28. A. reportedB. assumedC. suggested
82、D. confirmed29. A. deliverB. findC. showD. throw30. A. announcedB. recommendedC. explainedD. complained31. A. seriouslyB. easyC. offD. away32. A. relationshipB. behaviorC. careerD. concept 33. A. overlookB. recallC. believeD. see34. A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing35. A. choicesB. chil
83、drenC. retirementD. future36. A. cheatingB. invitingC. meetingD. making37. A. pick upB. care aboutC. wait forD. check on38. A. introductionB. tendencyC. secretD. guide39. A. attitudeB. methodC. theoryD. comment40. A. laughB. sighC. nodD. gesture【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29.
84、 D 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. C 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一对吉尼斯世界纪录认证为在世的最长寿夫妇的日常点滴和生活故事，他们相互关心，心态乐观，生活简单又美好。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们俩被吉尼斯世界纪录正式认证为地球上仍在世的最长寿夫妇。A. naturally自然地；B. officially正式地，官方地；C. individually私人地，个人地；D. normally正常地，通常地。根据句中Guinness World Records可知，他们获得的是
85、正式的官方认证，故选B。【22题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：约翰亨德森106岁了，夏洛特亨德森105岁了。A. so所以；B. but但是；C. as因为，由于，尽管，随着，正如；D. and和，与，然后。根据语境，连词前后两句内容并无因果、转折等各种关系，两者为各自独立的事实，宜用and作连接，故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妻在1934年，他们还是得克萨斯州大学的学生的时候遇见彼此，当时夏洛特正在那里学习，准备当一名教师，而约翰在那里踢足球。A. participants参与者；B. professors教授；C. students学生；D. players球员，队员
86、。根据下句Charlotte was studying to be a teacher可知，他们当时是学生身份，“John played football”不影响他本身是个学生的事实，而且夏洛特不是足球队员，故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：约翰非常喜欢踢足球。A. fond喜欢的；B. sure确定的；C. afraid害怕的；D. tired劳累的。根据上下文可知，约翰一直在踢足球，十分喜欢，故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从2010年开始，他便坐拥在世的最年长前UT足球队员这一荣誉，而且他每年都参加比赛。A. qualification资格，条件；B. con
87、fidence信心；C. truth事实；D. distinction荣誉，特性，差别。在世的最年长前队员属于他的一个荣誉，而qualification一般是指通过学习考试取得的资格学历，或是因足够熟练，具备某项技能或经验而取得的资格，而文中此处语境强调其年长（oldest），且是前队员，A选项并不够恰当准确，故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从2010年开始，他便坐拥在世的最年长前UT足球队员这一荣誉，而且他每年都参加比赛。A. organizes组织；B. attends参加；C. sponsors赞助；D. appreciates欣赏。作为最年长队员，他每年都去打比赛（参加比
88、赛），故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：亨德森夫妇没有子女，过去十年间，他们居住在奥斯汀的一个退休社区。A. aimed以为目标；B. researched研究；C. lived居住；D. arrived到达。根据语境，他们现居住在退休老年人社区，故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：据报道，养老院帮着为这对夫妇举办了周年纪念派对。A. reported报道；B. assumed假设；C. suggested 建议；D. confirmed确认，证实，批准。根据语境，据报道，养老院为他们举办了派对，且下文中有夫妇俩接受采访对外界所说的话，对本题有提示作用，故选A。【29题详
89、解】考查动词词义辨析，句意：据报道，养老院帮着为这对夫妇举办了周年纪念派对。A. deliver交付，发表，递送；B. find找到；C. show展示，演出，说明；D. throw投，抛，掷，举行（派对）。本题考查了动词的熟词生义，throw除了表示“扔”等意义之外，还可专门用于表示举行派对（throw a party），故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“到了我们这个岁数，节奏得稍微慢下来了，”约翰亨德森解释道。A. announced宣布，宣称；B. recommended推荐，建议；C. explained解释；D. complained抱怨。约翰的话前后有两处，后一处是对
90、前一处中所提“节奏慢下来”的解释，故选C。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们过去常常乘船游览，但现在我们不得不松懈下来。A. (take it) seriously认真对待，当真；B. (take it) easy从容，松懈，不急；C. (take it) off 脱下（衣服）；D. (take it) away拿走，带走东西。根据下文We like watching sports and talking about what were going to do及语境可知，约翰说他们现在节奏慢下来了，也就是对坐游艇游玩这些事没那么勤快了，松懈了许多，只有B符合语境，故选B。【32题详解】
91、考查名词词义辨析。句意：亨德森的外甥詹森弗里说他们夫妻俩的关系是他学习的楷模。他们真心相爱，并关心对方。A. relationship关系；B. behavior行为；C. career事业；D. concept概念。结合语境，此处谈及的是夫妇俩的美好关系，故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他们并不会总在回忆过去，”弗里说。A. overlook忽略，远眺，宽恕；B. recall回想起，回忆；C. believe相信；D. see看见。下文提到，夫妇俩虽年事已高，但仍然是展望未来的姿态，而非不停回忆过去，故选B。【34题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：噢，要是现在能回到1952年
92、，那一切该是多好。A. something某事，某物；B. anything任何东西，任何事物；C. everything一切，万事；D. nothing没有什么。1952年他们正处于年轻气盛的人生时期，一切都是好的，故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们正一起为未来做计划。A. choices选择；B. children孩子；C. retirement退休；D. future未来。结合上文，夫妻俩不会处处抱怨，沉浸在过去的美好生活里，相反地，他们一起为未来做着计划。“未来”与“过去”相对，故选D。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：弗里注意到，当他的叔叔去UT踢球打比赛或
93、者外出见朋友的时候，夏洛特通常会打电话向他核实一下。A. cheating欺骗；B. inviting邀请；C. meeting面见，会见；D. making制作，交（朋友）。约翰的老年生活，要么是出去踢球，要么就是外出面见朋友（meet friends），外出交新朋友显然不符合此处语境，故选C。【37题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：弗里注意到，当他的叔叔去UT踢球打比赛或者外出见朋友的时候，夏洛特通常会打电话向他核实一下。A. pick up捡起，接机；B. care about担心，关心；C. wait for等待；D. check on核实，检查。结合引号内容，约翰出去之后，她不清楚他回
94、家的时间，所以打个电话过去核实一下，D符合语境。打电话过去肯定不是接机或是等待，且确认回家的时间，这属于“核实情况”更准确，而用“担心，关心”表述不准确。综上，故选D。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于长寿的秘诀，约翰亨德森把它归因于运动锻炼和拥有积极的生活态度。A. introduction介绍，引言；B. tendency趋势；C. secret秘诀；D. guide指南。根据后半句中的“运动锻炼”和“拥有积极的态度”可知，这应是他们俩的长寿秘诀（secret to their longevity），故选C。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于长寿的秘诀，约翰亨德森把它归因于
95、运动锻炼和拥有积极的生活态度。A. attitude态度；B. method方法；C. theory理论；D. comment评论。夫妇俩拥有的是积极的生活态度，故选A。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：接着他笑着补充道，“但是有些人认为这是因为我们从未生过孩子！”A. laugh笑；B. sigh叹气；C. nod点头；D. gesture姿势，手势。从约翰的话语内容，并结合语境可知他，此时正在调侃，故对应的神情应是“笑着说”，故选A。第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。One of the workers i
96、n Africas largest wildlife preserve said the last time an elephant in the Niassa Reserve _41_ (record) killed by a poacher was on May 17, 2018.“The drastic decline in poached elephants is owed to a new rapid-intervention police force,” said Joe Walston, _42_ local official.“ Any one of those things
97、alone isnt going to be _43_ (success), which is why it has taken so long to be able to get _44_ (we) to a point _45_ weve been able to get poaching _46_ control,” Walston told CNN._47_ (situate) in a remote region of northern Mozambique, the Niassa Reserve has seen thousands of animals killed in rec
98、ent years. The rapid-intervention police force is _48_ (well) armed than the reserved normal rangers and has _49_ (right) to arrest suspected poachers. Walston said that the ability to make arrests is important to prevent poachers from _50_ (come) to the reserve.【答案】41. was recorded 42. a 43. succes
99、sful 44. us 45. where 46. under 47. Situated 48. better 49. rights 50. coming【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述警力的快速干预使得非洲野生动物偷猎情况迅速下降。【41题详解】考查动词时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，动词record在句子“an elephant in the Niassa Reserve _1_ (record) killed by a poacher”中作谓语动词，由主句中的谓语动词was是一般过去时可知，动词record需使用一般过去时。动词record和主语an elephant是被动关系，需使
100、用被动结构be recorded，结合时态一般过去时。故填was recorded。【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：一位当地的官员。分析句子可知，名词local official前需使用冠词，由句意可知，一位当地官员，local首发音是辅音发音，需用不定冠词a。故填a。【43题详解】考查形容词。分析句子可知，be动词后需接形容词，success是名词，需转变为形容词successful。故填successful。【44题详解】考查人称代词。分析句子可知，we在动词get后作宾语，需用宾格us。故填us。【45题详解】考查定语从句关系副词。分析句子结构可知，句子“weve been able to
101、 get poaching _6_ control”在句中作定语，修饰名词point，先行词point在定语从句中作状语，表示地点，需用关系副词where。故填where。【46题详解】考查介词。句意：单靠这些措施中的任何一项都不会成功，这就是为什么花费了这么久的时间能让我们到达一个我们能够让偷猎在可控制的境地。分析句子可知，control前缺失介词，根据句意，under control表示在控制中的，固定搭配。故填under。【47题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词situate在句子作状语，和主语the Niassa Reserve是被动关系，需使用过去分词Situated。位
102、于句首，要大写。故填Situated。【48题详解】考查副词比较级。由than可知，表示比较意味，well需用副词比较级better表达。故填better。【49题详解】考查名词单复数。right作为名词，表“权利”之意，是可数名词，分析句子可知，right需使用复数rights表达泛指“多项权利”。故填rights。【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，动词come在介词from后面作宾语，需用动名词coming。故填coming。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的
103、以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Of all the recreations we enjoyed, a morning walk might be the most rewarding. In city like Chengdu and Hangzhou where can hardly avoid
104、 heavy traffic, its only in the morning that the roads are not crowded. It is hardly any traffic and one can enjoy the walk. In the morning the nature is at its best. Having a look at leaves of trees and youll find pearls of dew (露水) on it. Flowers wave their heads gentle and spread their pleasant s
105、mell. A walk in a big park or the bank of a stream is even more refreshing. A 20-minute walk every day gets people to look 5 years young.【答案】1.enjoyed enjoy2.city cities3.where which/that4.It There5.去掉the6.Having Have7.it them8.gentle gently9.or后加on10.young younger【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了早晨散步不但可以愉悦身心，
106、而且可以避免交通拥挤。【详解】第一处：考查时态。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故将enjoyed改为enjoy。第二处：考查名词的数。名词city为可数名词，根据“like Chengdu and Hangzhou”可知用复数形式。故将city改为cities。第三处：考查定语从句。句中先行词为city，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故将where改为which/that。第四处：考查there be句型。句意：几乎没有任何交通。表示“人或事物的存在”，用there be句型。故将It改为There。第五处：考查冠词。nature 表示“自然”时，是抽象名词，其前通
107、常不用定冠词。故将the去掉。第六处：考查祈使句。句意：看一看树叶,你会发现叶片上的露珠。根据连词and可知，本句考查“祈使句 + and + 陈述句 ”句型。故将Having改为Have。第七处：考查代词。代指句中的复数形式“leaves of trees”可知用代词them。故将it改为them。第八处：考查副词。修饰动词wave，用副词形式。故将gentle改为gently。第九处：考查介词。句意：在大公园里或在小溪边散步会更令人神清气爽。on the bank of在岸边。故在or后加on。第十处：考查形容词比较级。句意：每天步行20分钟可以让人看起来更年轻5岁。结合句意可知，这里用形
108、容词比较级形式。故将young改为younger。【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如第三处，句中先行词为名词city，再分析先行词city在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词city带到从句中可知只能作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。第二节 书面表达（满分25分）52.假定你是身在英国的交换生李华,学习之余你想在周末到当地一家咖啡馆兼职。请根据下面招聘广告写一封应聘信。Work for COFFEE BEANSEvery cafe at COFFEE BEANS has the same aims: to
109、 create family-like teams and to give excellent customer service. Join us as a Team Member, Assistant Manager or Cafe Manager, depending on your skills and experience.choose the hours you workget management experienceshare your love of coffeeEmail us at jobscoffeebeans. co. uk注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加
110、细节，以使行文连贯。_【答案】Dear sir or madam,Im writing in answer to your advertisement to apply for a post of the Team Member. Unlike most of my Chinese friends and classmates, I like coffee instead of tea. I like the rich fragrance of coffee and the cultures and traditions involved in it. Moreover, COFFEE BEA
111、NS is famous for its service and management, so I want to work for it and get management experience which is beneficial for my future career choice. I think your family like teams will make me feel at home and Ill make as many contributions as I can to the cafe. Finally, as a student, I think I can
112、work for two whole days at weekends.Looking forward to your reply.Yours truly,Li Hua【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文，要求写一封信。【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一，假定你是身在英国的交换生李华，学习之余你想在周末到当地一家咖啡馆兼职。请根据下面招聘广告写一封应聘信。第二，人称以第一人称为主。第三，时态为一般现在时和一般将来时第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为两段。第一段，写信的目的；自己的爱好、这份工作对于自己的益处和自
113、己的优势等。第二段，期待回复。第三步：确定关键词汇和短语：apply for，instead of，service and management，be beneficial for，make me feel at home等。第四步：确定较为高级的句子：which引导的定语从句Moreover, COFFEE BEANS is famous for its service and management, so I want to work for it and get management experience which is beneficial for my future career
114、choice.省略that的宾语从句 Finally, as a student, I think I can work for two whole days at weekends.第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接：unlike，moreover，so，finally等。第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级句式：which引导的定语从句Moreover, COFFEE BEANS is famous for its service and management, so I want to work for it and get management experience which is beneficial for my future career choice.省略that的宾语从句 Finally, as a student, I think I can work for two whole days at weekends.高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。