1、Unit 5 The silver screen考纲要求： 考纲规定的考试范围:1. 重点单词与短语：hero; scene; career; role; award; prize; choice; degree; speed; studio; creature; adult; peace; industry; owe; accept; primary; determine; comment; take off; go wrong; owe sth. to sb.; in all; stay away; lock sb. up; run after; bring sb. back; on th
2、e air; think highly of; 2.句型： While still a student, she played roles in many plays. 连词 + 名词做时间状语 When asked about the secret of his success, Steven Spielberg said 连词+过去分词做时间状语After graduating , she went to New York, where she stared working as an actress and won the Theater World Award for a role i
3、n a play. where 引导的定语从句 The reason why he could not go there was that his grades were too low. why引导的定语从句3. 语法：The Attributive Clause()1.描述特定时间的特征由when或介词+which引导定语从句2. 描述特定地点的特征由where或介词+which引导定语从句3. 描述特定原因或理由的内容由why或介词+which引导定语从句 复习本章要达到的目标1. 掌握scene; role; award; prize; choice; degree; speed; c
4、reature; peace; industry; owe; accept; primary; determine; comment; be afraid to do sth.; cant help doing; together with; leave out; stare at; make jokes about sb.; mean to do; mean doing; start with; ask for. 等重点单词及短语的用法。2. 掌握 状语从句的省略的用法；when/where/why以及由介词+which引导的定语从句的用法；until/till引导时间状语从句的用法。教材知
5、识归纳知识归纳1. What is happening in this scene? Scene的用法(1)(事件发生的)地点,现场;The criminal fled the scene.罪犯逃离了现场。 (2)场景；画面 The last scene of the play was very moving.那出戏的最后场面非常令人感动。 Many people went to help him, which was a moving scene. 很多人去帮助他，这是一个令人感动的画面。 （3）光景，风景，景色 After sunset the scene of the children
6、playing in the garden disappeared. 日落之后孩子们在花园里高兴玩耍的景象消失了。 注意：scene, scenery, view与sight(1) scene表示“景色”“风景”时，指所见之物，也可表示动态或静止的室内或室外的场景常被当作一个整体而看的景色。Do you remember the scene in the play where Susan meets Alan for the first time?你记不记得剧中苏珊第一次遇见阿伦的那个场面？（2）scenery不可数名词，指天然景色.景致.场面。We passed through some b
7、eautiful scenery on our journey through the Lake District.我们在穿越英国湖泊区的旅途中，看到了不少美丽的景色。（3）view可数名词，意为“景色.风景.风景照.风景画”。(强调从高出看到的景观)Youll get a fine view of the from the top of the hill.从山顶你可以清楚地看到全镇的全景。（4）sight指某一地区值得观看游览的.具有特色的建筑物.风景.名胜。The Great Wall is one of the most breathtaking sights in the world.
8、长城是世上惊人的景观之一。+2. where she stared working as an actress and won the Theater World Award for a role in a play.award的用法(1) 可数名词，主要指“奖品，奖赏，奖金”，有时也指“报酬，工资”。MerylStreep won the best actress award. 梅丽尔斯特里普获最佳女演员奖。The Olympic winner received a gold medal as an award. 奥运会冠军的奖品是一枚金牌。The nurses pay award was
9、not as much as they had expected.护士的工资远没有她们预想的那么多。(2) vt. 给予，授予，判给Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in quantum physics.爱因斯坦因在量子物理学方面的成就而被授予诺贝尔奖。The university awarded her a scholarship. 那所大学给她发了奖学金。注意：prize award reward的区别(1) prize主要用于表示“获得几等奖”或“获奖金额”，常说win a prize for-; win the firs
10、t prize(2) award 常用于奖项名称the Housing Design Award(3) reward 报酬，酬金；赏金 It is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work.他工作很辛苦,报酬却很少,这不公平。A large reward is offered for the capture of the criminals.巨额悬赏捉拿这些罪犯。3She won many more prizes while acting in famous films such as Sophies choicec
11、hoose：v.主要义项为：（1）挑选，选择（2）决定，宁愿，情愿choice：n.选择；入选者；精选品 adj.极好的；精选的We have to choose a new manager from a shortlist of five candidates.我们得从最终入选名单上的五位候选人中选出一位新经理。I chose to go to the cinema alone.我决定一个人去看电影。Employees can retire at 55 if they choose.如果雇员愿意的话，可在55岁退休。There is a wide range of choice open t
12、o you.你有很大的选择余地。They bought a choice piece of property near the water.他们在水边买了一块极好的地皮。相关归纳：（1）cannot choose but to do除了外别无他法；只得He cannot choose but to obey.除了听从之外他别无选择（2）by choice出于自己的选择I wouldnt go there by choice.让我选择，我不会去那里。（3）have no choice but to do sth 除了外别无他法；只得 We have no choice but to wiat.我
13、们除了等之外别无选择。（4）choose sth 与choose from sth choose sth 是指选中了什么东西；choose from sth 是指从某些东西中选择4. This was the moment when Spielbergs career really took off. take 的短语归纳 (1) take off (飞机)起飞 A helicopter is able to take off and land straight up or down. 脱下(衣裳等)；取下 He took off his wet shoes. / Who took the k
14、nob off the door? 休假；请假；歇工 When his wife was sick he took off from work. (指观念、产品) 大受欢迎；(事业)突然发达，成功The new type of cell phones has really taken off. / His business began to take off when he was in his forties. (2) take down 拿下来；取下来 He reached up to the third shelf of the bookcase and took down a dict
15、ionary. 记下来 He read out the names and his secretary took them down. (3) take in 接受 (房客，客人等)；收留 The farmers took in the lost travelers for the night. 理解；领会；明白 The boys could not take in his meaning.使上当；欺骗We were completely taken in by her story. (4) take on 雇用=hire=employIs the supermarket taking on
16、any more assistant? 呈现；具有(新面貌、意思等) Our village has taken on a new look. (5) take up 从事某项活动；发展某种爱好 So many young men want to take up writing. 开始做(某项工作)；开始学习(某个课程) Then she took up the task of getting the breakfast. 占去 (时间或空间) The meeting took up the whole morning. The table takes up too much room. 接受
17、Id like to take up your offer of a ride into town. (6) take over接替；接任 He took over his fathers job after his father died in 1999.5. Steven Spielberg said that he owes much of his success and happiness to his wife and his children.owe的用法(1)owe sth. to sb./sth.或owe sb. sth.：归功于；The young writer owed h
18、is success to his teachers encouragement.那个年轻的作家把他的成功归功于老师的鼓励。 (2)owe it to sb that clause I owed it to you that I finished my work in time .我能及时完成工作归功于你。(3) owe sth. to sb./sth.或owe sb. sth. 欠，欠债 The food cost 4 , but I only paid 3 so I still owe 1.(4)owing to 由于Owing to your timely help , I finish
19、ed my work in time .由于你的及时的帮助，我取得了成功。6. After that it still took seven years before they finally got married.marry 的用法：相关归纳：(1)be married (to)与结婚；嫁给用于表示结婚的状态。They have been married for ten years.他们已结婚十年了。(2)get married (to)与结婚；嫁给用于表示结婚的动作。They got married a year ago.他们一年前结的婚。(3)marry sb. to sb.把嫁给Th
20、e old man married his daughter to an engineer.这个老人把他的女儿嫁给了一名工程师。注意：（1）marry是及物动词，表示“与结婚”，无须再用with或其他介词。错误：She married with/to a man with a lot of money.正确：She married a man with a lot of money.（2）marry是非延续性动词，不可于表示一段时间的状语连用。错误：They have married for ten years.正确：They have been married for ten years.（
21、3）be married可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。错误：They have got married for ten years.正确：They got married ten years ago.7. While still a student, she played roles in many plays. When asked about the secret of his success, Steven Spielberg said When等连词引导的状语从句中的省略：当when, while, until, if, unless等连词引导的状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同或主语为i
22、t时，或从句的主谓部分为it和be动词时，从句的主语及部分谓语（be动词）可省略。 When (he was) asked, he gave good advice.If (it is) necessary, well have a meeting.He will not go to the party unless (he is) invited.8. she walks till she finally reached the town.含有until/till结构的句子：（1）until/till引导的结构与肯定句连用时，主句谓语动词为延续性动词，其动作延续到until/till所表示时
23、间就停止；When Mary has to get off the bus, she walks till she finally reaches the town.（2）until/till引导的结构与否定句连用时，构成notuntil/till结构，主句所表达的动作直到until/till所表示的时间才发生，译成“直到才”We didnt go until he came back.（3）强调not until/till有两种方式：a. not until/till放在句首，主句采用部分倒装语序，谓语动词用原形；b. 用Its that强调句型。not需要放在被强调部分，句式为：“It i
24、s/was not untilthat+主句部分（用肯定形式）”Not until he came back did we go.It was not until he came back that we went.9.She tries to keep the students in the classroom by locking them up and running after those who escape.run短语总结 (1) run for 竞选He decided to run for the 56th president.他决定竞选第56届总统。(2)run sb off
25、 sbs feet 使疲于奔命The naughty boy ran his mother off her feet.那个淘气的孩子使他的母亲疲于奔命(3) run across 偶然遇到I ran across an old friend who I hadnt met for 30 yaers.我偶然遇到了一位30年没见面的朋友。(4) run after 追逐，追踪The police are running a thief.警察正在追赶一个小偷。(5) run into 碰撞；遇上偶然遇到；陷于。碰上(困境、麻烦等)(6) run out 用光，耗尽(不及物)Our fool supp
26、lies will run out soon.我们的食品供应很快就会用完。(7) run out of 用光耗尽We have run out of our fool supplies.我们已经把我们的食品供给用完了。注意：表示偶然遇到可以用以下几种结构run into = run across = meet with= meet by chance=come across10. She determined to bring Huike back safely.determine vt.决定；确定；决心(1)determine sth.决定；限定；支配The amount of rainfa
27、ll determines the size of the crop.降雨量决定着收成的好坏。(2)determine to do sth.(动作)决定做No matter what happens ,she has determined to tell the truth.无论发生什么事，他都已经决定把真相说出来。(3)be determine to do sth.(状态)决心做I am determined to go and nothing will stop me.我决心要去，什么也拦不住我。(4)determine on/upon sth.决心做某事They determined o
28、n an early start.他们决定早出发。 归纳总结：(1)determined也可以用作形容词，表示“决意的，已决定了的；坚定的，坚决的”，可用be determined to do 表示“决定干某事”。We are determined to succeed this time.我们决心这次要取得成功。There is a determined look on his face.他脸上有个坚定的表情。(2)determination n.U决定，决心 We should carry out the plan with great determination.我们应坚决实现这一计划。
29、She is a woman of great determination.她是一位意志坚定的妇女。11. She wants them to let her appear live on the air, hoping that Huike will see her.live 的用法(1)adj. 活的；活生生的；(只修饰生物；只作前置定语)The laboratory is conducting experiments with a dozen live monkeys.该实验室在用十多只活猴子进行实验。(2) adj./adv.实况直播的 (不是录音)They gave live bro
30、adcast while the performances were in process on the stage. 当演出在舞台上进行时他们进行了实况转播。 The concert will be broadcast live. 这次演唱会将进行实况转播。 注意：live lively living alive 的区别 (1) living adj. 活着的，有生命的(作表语或定语)She was, he thought, the best living novelist in England. The old man is still living. (或alive) (2) alive
31、 adj. 活着的； 有活力的；有生气 作后置定语：Whos the greatest man alive? 作表语： My grandmother is more alive than a lot of young people. 作补语：They caught the thief alive. (4) lively adj. 活泼的；有生气的；活跃的(作表语或定语) The music is bright and lively. He gave a lively description of the concert.12He causes trouble for Minzhi almost
32、 everyday.trouble 的用法派生词：troublesome adj. 爱惹麻烦的相关归纳： (1) ask for trouble 自寻烦恼；自找麻烦 What made you write such a letter? It was asking for trouble. (2) (be) in trouble 有烦事；有困难；出事；惹麻烦 He never came except when he was in trouble. (3) put sb. to trouble 给某人造成麻烦；增添麻烦 I am sorry for putting you to so much t
33、rouble.非常抱歉给你添了那么多麻烦。 (4) take trouble to do sth. 不辞辛劳做某事 It was good of you to take the trouble to help us. (5) have trouble with sth. I often have trouble with my teeth.我常常牙痛。 (6) have trouble (in) doing sth. I had a little trouble learning English grammar.我学英文语法有过一点困难。 (7)trouble to do sth. 费心做某事
34、 She didnt even trouble to look at our presents.她甚至不屑看一下我们的礼物。13.I f you think highly of the film you may encourage other people to go and see it. (1)think highly(well, a lot, the world) of对评价很高 We think highly of their research in this field.我们对他们这方面的研究评价很高。He thinks the world of his daughter.他非常器重
35、女儿。相关归纳：think poorly(little, badly) of对评价不高I dont think much of her idea.我认为她的主意不怎么样。 sing high praise for对评价很高We sing high praise for his contributions to his country.我们高度评价了他对他的祖国做出的贡献。speak highly of 对评价很高We speak highly of his latest picture.我们对他的最新作品评价很高。have a high opinion of对评价很高We have a hig
36、h opinion of his composition.我们对他的最作文评价很高。(2) encourage的用法：派生词:encouraging adj. 鼓励的，给予希望的，振奋人心的。令人欢欣鼓舞的encouraged adj. 被激励的，受到鼓舞的encouragement n. 鼓励，激励discourage v. 使泄气；劝阻discouraging adj. 令人灰心的discouraged adj. 感到灰心的相关归纳：(1)encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 She encouraged him to talk to her.她鼓励他与她交谈。(2
37、)discourage sb from doing sth 使某人没有勇气去做某事The rain discouraged us from going out.雨打消了我们外出的念头。14.When the park is hit by a storm, things start going wrong. go wrong走错路，误入歧途；不对头；出毛病在该短语中go是系动词，go作为系动词构成的短语：go mad疯了 go blind失明go hungry挨饿 go cold发冷；变冷go wild 发狂 go bad（食物）变质go red脸发红注意：go, get, become, gr
38、ow, turn的区别这些词均可用作连系动词，都有“变，变得”之意，但用法有一定不同。(1)go通常表示由好变坏或由正常情况变成特殊情况。go bad/blind/mad/wrong变坏/变瞎/疯了/出毛病。(2)become和get表示的变化可以是由好到坏，也可以是由坏到好，强调变化过程的完成。become better/worse更好/更糟；get richer and richer变得越来越富(3)grow有“逐渐变化”的含义，强调变化的过程。grow tall长高；grow louder（声音）大起来(4)turn表示变为完全不同的事物，强调变化的结果。turn yellow变黄；tu
39、rn gray变灰白15 This was the moment when Spielbergs career really took off.关系副词when的用法：当先行词是表示时间的名词，用when，在定语从句中充当时间状语，这时一般可以用介词which来代替，when 可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。I will never forget the day when/ on which I went to university.我永远忘记不了我去上大学的那一天。He still remember the morning when/ on which the earth
40、quake happened.他依旧记得地震发生的那天早上。We will have wait until next Friday, when our house will be painted.我们将等到下周五，那时我们的房子将要漆好了。16.After graduating , she went to New York, where she stared working as an actress and won the Theater World Award for a role in a play. where 引导的定语从句关系副词when的用法：当先行词是表示地点的名词，用wher
41、e，在定语从句中充当地点状语，这时一般可以用介词which来代替:This is the house where/ in which he used to live.I know of a place where/ in which we can swim.Is there any shop around where/ in which I can buy a pen.概念提示重点/热点1： cant help doing sth. 禁不住做某事，不由得不做某事 She couldnt hep smiling. 相关归纳： (1) cant help but do 不得不；不能不 When t
42、he streets are full of melting snow, you cant help but get your shoes wet. (2) cannot but 不能不，只能He could not but feel disappointed.(3)help (sb.) (to) do sth. Help me get him back to bed at once. By helping them we are helping save ourselves.(4) help.with sth. 帮助做某事 In those days he used to help her
43、mother with her gardening. (5) help oneself / sb. to sth. 给自己 / 别人夹菜 / 拿烟等；擅自拿用 May I help you to some more vegetables?(6)help out 帮忙 (做事；克服困难等) Ive often helped Bob out when hes been a bit short of money.重点/热点2：take ones place(1) 入座，站好位置，取得地位Take your places, please. We are about to start.(2) take
44、ones place = take the place of sb. 代替(职务或工作等)；接替Electric trains have now taken the place of steam trains in England.相关归纳： (1) in place of代替；而不用The grown-ups had coffee but the children wanted milk in place of coffee.（2）take ones seat 在自己座位上坐下；等于 take ones placeMore men entered and took their seats.(
45、3) take place 发生；举行Great changes have taken place in our country since liberation.Their wedding will take place next Friday.(4) in place 在原处；适合的，恰当的He likes everything in place before he starts work.His behavior at the meeting is in place.(5)out of place 不在原处；不适合的，不恰当的易混易错点1：1. The reason why he cou
46、ld not go there was that his grades were too low. 他没能上电影学院是因为他的分数太低了。该句中的why引导一个定语从句，而that引导表语从句。(1) 句中that引导的表语从句说明主语reason的具体内容注意以下三种结构： The reason is / was that clause. 当主语是reason / cause时，一般不能用because或why引导表语从句，以免造成语意重复。The reason why/for which(也可以省去) he was late was that he got up late. 他迟到的原因是
47、他起床晚了。当主语是This / That时，可以由because / why引导表语从句。He got up late . That was why he was late for class.He was late for class. That was because He got up late.(2)why在句中是关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason，同时它在定语从句中作状语，此时why = for which，但要注意：关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，要用关系代词that或which。The reason why/for which(也可以省去) he was late
48、 was that he got up late. 他迟到的原因是他起床晚了。The reason that/which/(也可以省去) he gave you was reasonable.他给你的理由是合理的。讲题组 课内题例与课后题：课内题例1. - I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.- Is that _ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where变式1. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessne
49、ss in his work? A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained变式2. The reason _he failed to pass the exam was _ he never studied hard. A. why what B. because that C. why that D. why because 变式3. Is this the reason _ he was punished? Which of the following is wrong? A. w
50、hy B. for which C. 不填 D. that解析：1.句子的意思是“那就是你请了几天假的原因吗?”因此可知答案为why。答案：A变式1. what，how不能引导定语从句，排除B、C两项；the reason在定语从句中作explained的宾语，可填that / which，或者也可以省略。答案：A 变式2. 该题考查The reason why从句 be that 从句。答案：C 变式3. the reason后接定语从句，并且定语从句主谓宾完整时。可用三种结构引导定语从句：the reason + why/for which/ 不填。该题就符合这样的结构所以答案为D 2.
51、He left the place, _ never to return. A. determined B. to determine C. being determined D. having determined 变式1. sand , the basket is heavy to carry. A. Being filled with B. Being full of C. Filling with D. Full of 解析：1.该句意思是“他离开了这个地方，决心以后再也不回来了” 。用determined（adj.）表示离开时候的状态。英语中常用形容词表示状态。选项中的D 是表示动作
52、的所以答案为A. 变式1. 该题是考查原因状语的。Being+ adj. 可以用来表示原因。但是如果一个形容词是由动词的分词转变而来的，在表示原因时一定不能加being。所以该题的正确答案可以是Being full of或Filled with . 3. Many people watched the _ TV broadcast of football matches. A. live B. alive C. living D .lively 变式1. They caught the thief _ when he tried to run away. A. live B. alive C.
53、 living D .lively变式2. The football match will be broadcast _ on Friday.A. live B. alive C. living D .lively变式3.Who is the greatest writer in the world_?A. live B. alive C. living D .lively解析：3.该题考查live；alive；living；lively的区别。live 做现场直播这一意思时不仅可以用作形容词也可以用作副词。该题考查的是live 的形容词词性。答案：A变式1. alive作后置定语：Whos
54、the greatest man alive? 作表语：Was the snake alive or dead? / My grandmother is more alive than a lot of young people. 作补语：Lets keep the fish alive。所以答案为B变式2. . live 做现场直播这一意思时不仅可以用作形容词也可以用作副词。该题考查的是live 的副词词性。答案：A变式3. 见变式2。答案：B4. He has _ mad because of his sons sudden death. A. become B. got C. gone
55、D. turned变式1. He _ teacher right after he graduated in 1998. A. become B. got C. gone D. turned变式2. The man on the stage has _ 40 .A. become B. got C. gone D. turned解析：1. 考查go +adj. 用法，侧重表示变成不好的状态。答案：B 变式1. 四个选项中能接名名词做表语，并且名词前不能带冠词的只有turn.答案：D变式2. 固定表示方法，说某个人跨入多少岁要用“turn”答案：D5. This is the factory _
56、 he worked three years.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that变式1. This is the factory _ he will visit next week.A. whereB. asC. whenD. that变式2.There were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that变式3.I want to find a room _ to store my books.A. where B. which C. in
57、which D. for which变式4. The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success.A. of whichB. during whichC. from whichD. in which 解析：5. 关系副词where引导定语从句，修饰the factory，并在定语从句中作地点状语。答案：A变式1. 由于定语从句缺宾语所以应该填关系代词，that引导了定语从句又在从句中做了宾语。答案：D变式2. 关系副词where引导定语从句，修饰trousers，并在定语从句中作地点状语
58、。全句意思为：在她擦手的裤子上留下了污迹。答案：A变式3. 该题考查的是“prep. + which+ 不定式”放在名词后作定语的结构，由于该结构不是定语从句所以prep. + which不可以替换为where。答案：C变式4.介词+关系代词” 引导的定语从句是定语从句中的重点、难点。选择该结构中的介词的原则是：（1）根据从句中的谓语动词的搭配习惯;（2）根据先行词的搭配习惯;（3）表“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，用of。本题表示“在剧中表演”，应用介词in，故选D。6. Unless _to speak，you should remain silent at the conferenc
59、e. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited变式1. Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when takenC. when to take D. when to be taken解析：6. unless为连词，后面省略了you are，所以选invited。答案：A变式1. take和drug是动宾关系，要用过去分词作状语。可看作是when it is tak
60、en的省略。答案：B 课后题：1There are so many kinds of goods in the store _ that I dont know what to buyA. to choose B. to be chosen from C. choosing D. choosing from 2. . Will you go to the museum tomorrow? -I will if I _ no visitors. A. have B. will have C. shall have D. am having3.I _ a single word in the pa
61、st three days. A. havent been reading B. havent readC. hadnt read D. didnt read4.We found English difficult _. A. to be learned B. to learnC. to learn from D. learned5.I didnt mind _ home but my brother preferred _ a taxi. A. walking; getting B. to walk; getC. walking; to get D. to walk; getting解析：1
62、. 根据句意表述的是选择什么货物并且是主动表被动，所以选to choose。答案：B2. if Ino visitors为表示条件的状语从句。英语中，条件状语从句表示将来情况时，一般不用将来时，而用一般现在时，故可排除B、C两个答案；have表示“有”，不可用于进行时态，故只有A正确。答案：A3. “in the past+时间段”常表示现在之前的一段时间，指现在之前的情况，故常与现在完成时连用。答案：B4. 形容词difficult，hard，easy等后面的动词不定式常用主动式。答案：B5. mind表示“介意；反对”，后面常接动名词作宾语，故可排除B、D两个答案。prefer后面可接动名词或动词不定式，一般来说，指习惯性或经常性的情况，常接动名词；指一次性的情况或某次具体的动作，常接动词不定式结构。答案：A.