1、上海市实验学校2021-2022学年高三第一学期英语摸底考I.Listening Comprehension（25%）Section ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you h
2、ear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. 1,000yuan B.1,500yuan. C.2,500yuan. D.3,000yuan.2.A.In a grocery. B.In a zoo. C.At the police station. D.In the forest.3.A.Mother and
3、son. B.Teacher and parent. C.Husband and wife D.Teacher and student.4.A.Doubtful. B.Excited. C.Frustrated D.Indifferent5.A.He had a worthy trip. B.He didnt enjoy the trip.C.The trip was too exhausting. D.The trip took him by surprise.6. A.Press the button of every floor. B.Take another lift down to
4、the 7th floor.C.Ask the woman which floor shes going to. D.Stay in the same lift to go down to his floor.7.7.A.The size of the electric vehicle market. B.A new trend in the car making industry.C.The very profitable business of making cakes.D.How manufacturers profit from making electric cars.8.A.The
5、 woman was a new customer of the garage.B.The woman called to make a complaint about the garages service.C.The woman hadnt expected the maintenance service to take so long.D.The woman was satisfied with the improvement in the garages service9.A.The man didnt intend to make the woman unhappy.B.The ma
6、n thought the woman was being unreasonable.C.The man believed the woman had misunderstood him.D.The man wanted to say something upsetting to the woman.10.A.The man may need to re-evaluate her priorities.B.The man should deal with the urgent matters first.C.The man has failed to take care of the urge
7、nt matters.D.The man should keep track of everything using a to-do list.Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation，and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation and the passages.The conversation and the passages will be read tw
8、ice，but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11through 13are based on the following passage.11.A.To make sure the spelling and grammar are al
9、l correct.B.To improve the overall effectiveness of the writing.C.To ensure the main idea is clear to the reader.Mistaken.D.To add more specific details and examples.12.A.By the end of the term. B.After some major repair.C.Two weeks before the final due date D.After the student finishes the course.l
10、3.A.To review material covered in an earlier lectureB.To change students approach to writing.C.To point out an example of good writing.D.To give an assignment for the next class.Questions 14through 16are based on the following passage.l4.A.Experiment on the future pizza. B.Taste a specially-made piz
11、za.C.Travel to a future restaurant. D.Meet with a group of futurists.15.A.They aimed to show people how to cultivate food in a lab.B.They were curious to know what the future would look like.C.They intended to promote the environmentally-friendly food.D.They wanted to highlight the role of science i
12、n sustainable living.16.A.It is three times the size of a normal pizza.B.All the ingredients come from an indoor lab.C.Part of it has been 3D-printed by a robot chef.D.Its quite different from the traditional pizza except for the appearance.Questions 17through 20are based on the following conversati
13、on17.A.Nervous. B.Excited. C.Sleepless D.Frustrated.18.A.High requirements. B.Flexible schedules.C.High frequency D.Opposite rules.19.A.The man held a childhood dream of being a professional player.B.The man had taken it for granted that he would be a basketball star sooner or later.C.The man felt u
14、ncomfortable when he first received so much attention from others.D.The man relieved himself by adjusting the focus of his attention in time.20.A.We should not take it seriously. B.We should compete with each other.C.We should enjoy ourselves in it. D.We should never miss a game.II.Grammar and vocab
15、ularySection A（10%）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Young C
16、hinese are rebelling against society through a simple act of resistance: lying down. Examples of the tangping, or “lying flat”, way of life _1_ (include) not getting married, not having children, and refusing to work extra hours or to hold a job at all. “I stay at home and sleep and watch television
17、 series.Sometimes I go out for walks, read books and just think a lot,” said Daisy Zhang, 28, who described herself as “lying flat” for the last two weeks _2_ leaving her job in the film industry in Wuxi.Tangping _3_(emerge)over the last few months as the rallying call of Chinese millennials who hav
18、e had enough of the rat race. Some compare them to the 1950s Beat Generation in the United States. _4_ call their behavior a form of nonviolent resistance or “ideological emancipation” from consumerism. Supporters portray it as a rejection of struggle and endless striving. Critics say it is defeatis
19、t.“People realize there is no upward mobility,” said Yicheng Wang, a PhD student in political science at Boston University, _5_studies propaganda and popular discourse. Its a negative acceptance: “My life is like this. It will always be like this.”The term developed after an April post on the Tieba
20、forum where the author, unemployed for the last two years, described a low-effort, low-cost lifestyle that consisted of working just a few months out of the year.“Lying flat is my sophistic movement,” he wrote, referring to the Greek philosopher Diogenes, who was known for living in a barrel. He pos
21、ted a picture of himself lying in bed in the middle of the day with the curtains _6_ (draw).In the following weeks, a “lying flat” group on the online forum Douban surged to 9,000 members. Internet users identified themselves as “lying flatists”, _7_ (post) photos of cats and seals lying supine.But
22、_8_ tangping gained popularity, it also drew a level of opprobrium. Nanfang Daily called the philosophy “shameful”. Global Times made light of it describing “lying flat” as “not a serious philosophy”. The Youth League pointed out that young medical workers on the front lines during the pandemic “nev
23、er chose to lie down.”For Zhang in Wuxi, lying flat is not about giving up or withdrawing from society. “Many people want to lie down because 996 is too tiring,” she said, referring to the notorious hours common in tech industry, _9_ staff are expected to work from 9a.m. to 9p.m, six days a week. Th
24、e philosophy is also about giving oneself a break. On Douban, new groups have emerged that support “lying down and then standing up.” Zhang，who is thinking about getting into media, says she has started sending out resumes.“Im interviewing for jobs while writing a little and looking for direction, _
25、10_ nothing too active,” she said. “Its better than doing nothing.”【答案】1. include 2. after 3. has emerged 4. Others 5. who 6. drawn 7. posting 8. as 9. where 10. although#though【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了并评价了一些中国年轻人的一种生活方式“躺平”。【1题详解】考查动词时态。句意：“躺平”生活方式的例子包括不结婚、不生孩子、不加班或不工作。分析可知，此处描述现在一般事实，为一般现在时，主语Examples
26、为名词复数，主谓一致，故填include。【2题详解】考查介词。句意：她在离开无锡电影业的工作后，形容自己在过去的两周里过着“躺平”的生活。根据句意可知，此处应用时间介词after“在之后”和后面动名词构成介词短语，符合语言逻辑。故填after。【3题详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去几个月里，“躺平”已经成为中国千禧一代的号召，他们已经受够了激烈的竞争。根据句意和时间状语over the last few months以及后文中have had可知，此处应用现在完成时，表达过去开始的动作或状态一直持续到现在。主语为单数第三人称，主谓一致，故填has emerged。【4题详解】考查不定代词。句
27、意：其他人称他们的行为是一种非暴力抵抗或从消费主义中“意识形态解放”的形式。根据前文Some以及句意可知，此处应用不定代词others，承接上文，陈述“其他人”的观点。句首字母大写，故填Others。【5题详解】考查定语从句。句意：“人们意识到没有积极向上的动力，”波士顿大学政治学博士生Yicheng Wang说，他研究的是宣传和大众话语。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a PhD student，关系代词who引导从句，在从句中用作主语，指代人。故填who。【6题详解】考查过去分词。句意：他贴了一张自己大白天拉着窗帘躺在床上的照片。分析可知，此处介词with后跟随复合宾语，非
28、谓语动词draw和宾语curtains之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作宾语补足语。故填drawn。【7题详解】考查现在分词。句意：网友们称自己是“躺平家”，上传了猫和海豹仰卧的照片。分析可知，非谓语动词post和主语Internet users之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作状语，表伴随。故填posting。【8题详解】考查连词。句意：但随着“躺平”越来越受欢迎，它也招来了一定程度的责难。根据句意可知，此处应用连词as“随着”引导状语从句，语义通顺，逻辑合理。故填as。【9题详解】考查定语从句。句意：“很多人想躺下，因为996太累了，”她说，并指出科技行业常见的臭名昭著的工作时间，员工要从早上
29、9点开始工作，一直到晚上9点，每周六天。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为tech industry，从句中结构完整，关系副词where引导从句，在从句中作地点状语，逻辑合理。故填where。【10题详解】考查连词。句意：她说：“我在面试工作的时候会写一点东西，寻找方向，不过没什么太积极的。”。后文nothing too active和前文Im interviewing for jobs while writing a little and looking for direction之间存在转折关系，故可用连词although或though。故填although/though。Sec
30、tion B（10%）Directions：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once Note that there is one word more than you need.A.definitely；B.suffering；C.acceptance；D.discouraged；E. supposedlyF.terms；G.optimism；H.sustained；I. punishing；J.favored；K.obstacleHappiness i
31、s not naturalIt is a here human construct. A state of contentment(let alone happiness) is _11_ by our genetic design because it would lower our guard against possible threats to our survival.Chasing happiness is like chasing an elusive ghost, but the positive thinking industry claims to know its sec
32、rets.Self-help was popularized by Norman Vincent Peale, a colorful American pastor, _12_by several Republican presidents, including Richard Nixon and Donald Trump. He invented “positive thinking, a concept now deeply embedded in our culture and steadily growing in influence.The global personal devel
33、opment industry was valued at S38.28 billion in 2019 and is expected to grow at a rate of 5.1%.Popular films and books are full of _13_ inspirational statements about how all you need to do is believe in yourself and then youll be able to achieve anything in life. This is simply, and obviously, not
34、true. I dont think there is a need to explain that many obstacles and misfortunes in life are inevitable, or unsurmountable. Our ancestors knew this, and many philosophical and religious traditions are based on the _14_ that being alive is a very challenging task,which comes with significant amounts
35、 of suffering. It goes without saying that we should do all we can to maximize our sense of well-being and minimize our suffering, but the end result cannot be a state of _15_ happiness.We are not designed that way.The self-help genre is not a homegeneous beast, however. It is,in fact, ironie how se
36、lf-help books on happiness and those on how to make it big in life are lumped together in the same bookshop shelves, given that many of the former tell us that caring too much about the latter is the main _16_ to happiness.The inevitable clash between mandatory _17_ and the realities of our existenc
37、e comes with a heavy psychological price. It could be argued that positive psychology blames those who are suffering for their _18_ ,as it is based on the misconception that unhappiness is entirely avoidable.It follows therefore that an unhappy person must be inadequate and incompetent.Positive psyc
38、hology encourages people who are struggling with a particular goal to persevere in the face of unfavorable odds, which is much more _19_ psychologically in the long run than accepting defeat.I believe that coming to _20_with life as it is,and not the happiness industry tells us it could be, will mak
39、e us happier, and we will feel more at peace with ourselves and with the world. Unfortunately, the devil always has the best tunes.【答案】11. D 12. J 13. E 14. C 15. H 16. K 17. G 18. B 19. I 20. F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。幸福是不自然的。这是一个人类的构想。追求幸福就像追逐一个难以捉摸的鬼魂，但积极思维行业声称知道它的秘密。流行的电影和书籍都充满了励志的话语，告诉你所需要做的就是相信自己，然后你就能
40、在生活中实现任何事情。这显然是不正确的。接受生活本来的样子，而不是幸福产业告诉我们的那样，会让我们更快乐，我们会更平和地对待自己和世界。【11题详解】考查动词。句意：我们的基因设计不鼓励满足状态（更不用说幸福了），因为它会降低我们对生存可能威胁的警惕。空处作谓语，根据后文because it would lower our guard against possible threats to our survival以及句意表示“不鼓励，使气馁”应用动词discourage，此处为一般现在时的被动语态。故填discouraged。故选D。【12题详解】考查动词。句意：“自助”是由一位多姿多彩的美
41、国牧师Norman Vincent Peale推广的，他受到包括Richard Nixon和Donald Trump在内的几位共和党总统的青睐。结合句意表示“青睐”应用动词favor，此处为过去分词作状语。故填favored。故选J。【13题详解】考查副词。句意：流行的电影和书籍中充满了所谓的鼓舞人心的语句，说你需要做的就是相信自己，然后你就能在生活中取得任何成就。修饰后文形容词inspirational且表示“所谓的”应用副词supposedly，故填supposedly。故选E。【14题详解】考查名词。句意：我们的祖先知道这一点，许多哲学和宗教传统都是基于这样一种认识：活着是一项非常具有挑
42、战性的任务，伴随着大量的痛苦。空处作宾语，根据后文that being alive is a very challenging task, which comes with significant amounts of suffering以及句意表示“认识”应用名词acceptance。故填acceptance。故选C。【15题详解】考查形容词。句意：不用说，我们应该尽我们所能，最大限度地提高我们的幸福感，减少我们的痛苦，但最终结果不可能是一种持续的幸福状态。修饰后文名词happiness，表示“持续的”应用形容词sustained。故填sustained。故选H。【16题详解】考查名词。句意
43、：事实上，具有讽刺意味的是，关于幸福的自助书籍和那些关于如何在生活中取得成功的书籍被放在同一家书店的书架上，因为前者告诉我们，过多地关注后者是幸福的主要障碍。空处作表语，表示“障碍”应用名词obstacle，此处为特指应用单数。故填obstacle。故选K。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：强制性乐观主义与现实生活之间不可避免的冲突带来了沉重的心理代价。空处作宾语，表示“乐观主义”应用名词optimism，为不可数名词。故填optimism。故选G。【18题详解】考查名词。句意：可以说，积极心理学将痛苦归咎于那些正在遭受痛苦的人，因为它是基于一种误解，即不快乐是完全可以避免的。空处作宾语，表示“痛
44、苦”应用名词suffering，为不可数名词。故填suffering。故选B。【19题详解】考查形容词。句意：积极心理学鼓励那些为一个特定目标而奋斗的人在面对不利的可能性时坚持下去，从长远来看，这比接受失败在心理上更具有惩罚性。空处作表语，表示“惩罚性”应用形容词punishing。故填punishing。故选I。【20题详解】考查名词。句意：我相信，接受生活本来的样子，而不是幸福产业告诉我们的那样，会让我们更快乐，我们会更平和地对待自己和世界。结合句意表示“接受，妥协”短语为come to terms with。故填terms。故选F。III.Reading ComprehensionSec
45、tion A（15%）Directions：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked AB.C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.One firms crisis is anothers opportunity. A shortage-of semiconductors has helped pump up the valuations of firms such
46、 as Nvidia, whose chips power everything from video-gaming to machine learning and data centres. But boom time for sellers means _21_ for buyers. Carmakers, whose products have become computers on wheels, are among the victims. Profits atFord, Americas second-biggest carmaker by volume, fell by half
47、 in the most recent quarter amid a global shortage of chips.Analysts say the industry might build around 5m fewer cars this year, all _22_ their tiniest components.Carmakers are not the only firms feeling the pinch.Apple and Microsoft have also warned that they will be affected.Politicians are being
48、 drawn in, too. Chips will be on the _23_ later this month when Americas vice-president, Kamala Harris, visits Vietnam, which has a flourishing electronics industry, Angela Merkel, the outgoing German chancellor, has lamented. Europes small share of global chip production.The shortage is the result
49、of a sudden surge in demand.Chipmaking is a _24_ business which, between the peaks and troughs, has been enjoying strong growth for decades as computers creep into every comer of society.That trend was _25_ by the pandemic. Locked-down consumers shopped online, logged into meetings remotely, and wil
50、ed away the hours with video-streaming and video-gaming.The result has been a sharp increase in demand for the semiconductors that power the data centres and gadgets that make such things possible, logging factories with _26_ .The crisis has had three consequences, two _27_ and one less so.The first
51、 is an investment boom.Big producers such as Intel, Samsung and tsme are planning to spend hundreds of billions of dollars on extra capacity over the next few years. As in many markets, high prices are the best cure for high prices.The second is that the chip industrys customers are adapting, too. W
52、hen demand _28_ early in the pandemic, carmakers cut their orders with chipmakers.The car industrys size and power mean that it is used to ordering suppliers around. But when demand recovered, it found itself at the back of the queue, because of long lead times and competition for capacity from the
53、even bigger and more influential tech industry.The unpleasant experience of being the supplicant rather than the boss has prompted carmakers to take tighter control over supplies of vital components.Following in the tyre-treads of Tesla, Volkswagen has announced plans to develop driver-assistance ch
54、ips in-house.Other firms are forming closer relationships with chipmakers. Toyota, a Japanese firm, has _29_ the shortage relatively well, partly because it was slower to cut orders when the pandemic hit. In June Robert Bosch, a big supplier of automotive parts, cut the _30_ on a 1bn($l.2bn) chip fa
55、ctory of its own in Dresden.Redesigned supply chains will be more resilient.The third, _31_ effect has been a surge of techno-nationalism.America is planning to _32_ billions of dollars to lure chipmakers back from East Asia.Europe wants to double its share of global production, to 20%, by 2030. Eve
56、n Britain has declared the fate of a small chip factory in Wales to be a matter of national security.There is some force in the argument that chips have come to occupy what used to be called the _33_ heights of an economy, in the way that oil refineries or car factories did in the 20th century. The
57、concentration of production in Taiwan, _34_, is an uncomfortable geopolitical risk. But as last centurys governments discovered, subsidies lead to overcapacity and oversupplyand, eventually, to yet more calls for public money to prop up uncompetitive businesses.The chip shortage is mostly a _35_ pro
58、blem.Governments should resist the temptation to see themselves as saviours.21. A. envyB. annoyanceC. miseryD. delight22. A. for want ofB. for possession ofC. for fear ofD. for convenience of23. A. scheduleB. agendaC. calendarD. catalogue24. A. cynicalB. cyclicalC. crystalD. clinical25. A. amplified
59、B. justifiedC. modifiedD. diversified26. A. samplesB. goodsC. ordersD. stocks27. A. encouragingB. touchingC. amazingD. discouraging28. A. soaredB. balloonedC. collapsedD. fluctuated29. A. sufferedB. avoidedC. subjectedD. weathered30. A. bandB. ribbonC. beltD. string31. A. popularB. desirableC. unusu
60、alD. unwelcome32 A. tum outB. bring outC. give outD. work out33. A. commandingB. overwhelmingC. demandingD. prevailing34. A. above allB. in additionC. after allD. in particular35. A. self-improvingB. self-solvingC. self-sustainingD. self-reflecting【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. C
61、29. D 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了半导体的短缺使得像英伟达这样的公司的估值大幅上升。英伟达的芯片为从视频游戏到机器学习和数据中心的所有产品提供动力。文章主要说明了芯片制造短缺给公司带来的影响和结果。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但卖方的繁荣时期意味着买方的痛苦。A. envy羡慕；B. annoyance烦恼；C. misery痛苦；D. delight高兴。根据后文“Carmakers, whose products have become computers on wheels, are am
62、ong the victims.”提到汽车制造商也在受害者之列，可见这里指卖方的繁荣时期意味着买方的痛苦。故选C。【22题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：分析师表示，汽车业今年可能会减少500万辆左右的汽车产量，所有这些都是由于对最小部件的需求。A. for want of因缺乏；B. for possession of属于；C. for fear of唯恐；D. for convenience of为了方便起见。根据上文“Analysts say the industry might build around 5m fewer cars this year”可知汽车产量减少，说明缺乏最小部件。
63、故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：即将离任的德国总理Angela Merkel哀叹道，芯片将在本月晚些时候美国副总统Kamala Harris访问越南时被提上日程。A. schedule计划；B. agenda议程；C. calendar日历；D. catalogue目录。根据上文“Chips will be on the”指芯片将在本月晚些时候美国副总统Kamala Harris访问越南时被提上日程。故选B。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：芯片制造是一个周期性的行业，在高峰和低谷之间，几十年来一直在享受强劲的增长，因为计算机悄悄进入社会的每个角落。A. cynical愤世
64、嫉俗的；B. cyclical周期的；C. crystal晶莹的；D. clinical诊所的。结合后文“business which, between the peaks and troughs”可见芯片制造是一个周期性的行业，有高峰和低估。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一趋势因大流行病而进一步扩大。A. amplified放大；B. justified调整；C. modified修改；D. diversified多样化。结合后文“by the pandemic”可知疫情扩大了芯片制造的周期性趋势，故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：其结果是对半导体的需求急剧增长
65、，这些半导体为数据中心提供动力，以及使这些成为可能的设备，给工厂带来订单。A. samples样品；B. goods商品；C. orders订单；D. stocks股票。结合上文“The result has been a sharp increase in demand for the semiconductors that power the data centres and gadgets that make such things possible, logging factories with”可知需求增长，因此给工厂带来了订单。故选C。27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这场危机
66、产生了三种后果，其中两种令人鼓舞，另一种则不那么令人鼓舞。A. encouraging鼓舞人心的；B. touching动人的；C. amazing令人惊异的；D. discouraging令人气馁的。结合后文“The first is an investment boom.”可知，危机产生了三种后果，其中两种结果是令人鼓舞的，故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当需求在大流行初期崩溃时，汽车制造商削减了与芯片制造商的订单。A. soared飙升；B. ballooned激增；C. collapsed倒塌，崩溃；D. fluctuated波动。根据后文“carmakers cut t
67、heir orders with chipmakers”提到汽车制造商削减了与芯片制造商的订单，可见需求在大流行初期崩溃了，故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：日本丰田汽车公司相对较好地经受住了短缺的考验，部分原因是在疫情爆发时，该公司削减订单的速度较慢。A. suffered遭受；B. avoided避免；C. subjected遭受；D. weathered平安度过，褪色。根据后文“the shortage relatively well, partly because it was slower to cut orders when the pandemic hit”可知，丰田
68、汽车公司相对较好地经受住了短缺的考验，故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年6月，大型汽车零部件供应商Robert Bosch在德累斯顿为自己10亿欧元（合12亿美元）的芯片工厂剪彩。A. band乐队；B. ribbon缎带；C. belt腰带；D. string线。根据后文“on a 1bn($l.2bn) chip factory of its own in Dresden”可知此处指给芯片工厂剪彩。故选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第三个不受欢迎的影响是技术民族主义的激增。A. popular流行的；B. desirable令人向往的；C. unusual不寻
69、常的；D. unwelcome不受欢迎的。上文提到有两个结果令人鼓舞，有一个则不那么令人鼓舞，所以此处是指说明第三个不受欢迎的影响。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：美国正计划拿出数十亿美元来吸引芯片制造商从东亚回来。A. turn out结果是；B. bring out出版；C. give out分发；D. work out解决。根据后文“billions of dollars to lure chipmakers back from East Asia”可知美国正计划拿出数十亿美元来吸引芯片制造商从东亚回来。故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有人认为，芯片已经占据
70、了过去被称为经济“制高点”的领域，就像20世纪的炼油厂或汽车工厂一样。A. commanding指挥的；B. overwhelming势不可挡的；C. demanding苛刻的；D. prevailing流行的。此处为短语commanding heights表示“制高点”。故选A。【34题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：特别是，生产集中在台湾，是一种令人不安的地缘政治风险。A. above all首先；B. in addition此外；C. after all毕竟；D. in particular特别。此处特别强调了生产集中在台湾是一种令人不安的地缘政治风险，in particular符合语境。
71、故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：芯片短缺基本上是一个自我解决的问题。A. self-improving自我完善；B. self-solving自我解决的；C. self-sustaining自立的；D. self-reflecting反思。上文提到生产集中在台湾是一种令人不安的地缘政治风险，可见芯片短缺基本上是一个自我解决的问题。故选B。Section B（22%）Directions：Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished sta
72、tements.For each of them there are four choices marked AB，C and L.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the pas sage you have just read.（A）Professor Heinz Wolff, who has died aged 89, was a bioengineering pioneer. He established the discipline, named it and, in a 60-yea
73、r career, made significant contributions to medicalresearch.But to the British public, he was best known as thedotty scientist who fronted The Great Egg Race, a BBC show in which colour-coded teams were set engineering challenges（the first was to transport an egg in a vehicle powered by rubber bands
74、）.With his trademark bow tie, half-moon glasses and Mittel-European accent, he looked really like Professor Branestawn, as described by W. Heath Robinson. Yet while he cheerfully exploited his reputation as a peculiar egghead, he was very serious about his work and inspired thousands of young people
75、 to consider scientific careers.Born in Berlin in 1928, Heinz Wolff was the son of Jewish parents.His mother died in 1938, and the next year the family fled.They arrived in Britain on the day war was declared.We really cut it rather fine, he said on Desert Island Discs in 1998.After leaving school,
76、he worked as a technician at the Radcliffe Infirmary in Oxford.where he invented a machine to count red blood cells, and then at the National Institute for Medical Researchs pneumoconiosis research unit in Cardiff, where he designed a means of measuring dust levels in coal miners.He went on to study
77、 at University College London and graduated with a first in physics and physiology. Then, in 1983, he founded the Institute for Bioengineering at Brunel University.His particular interest was in technologies to improve the lives of older people, but he was also heavily involved in space research and
78、 worked as an adviser to the European Space Agency.Wolff had made his first appearance on TV on Panorama in 1966,encouraging Richard Dimbleby to swallow a“radio pill.On The Great Egg Race, which ran from 1979,his task was to get opponent teams representing organizations such as the chemical company
79、ICI. Challenges included building a hovercraft from a lawnmower, and inventing a bicycle that could ride on water.Marks were awarded for entertainment value and technical accomplishment.The show ended in the mid-l980s,but Wolff continued to judge scientific competitions, on TV and elsewhere. A natur
80、al entertainer with an inexhaustible curiosity about the world, he said hed be happy to dress up as a clown if it got children interested in science.36. The word “dotty” (paragraph1) is closest in meaning to _ .A. peculiarB. seriousC. famousD. genius37. Which of the following statements is TRUE of H
81、einz Wolff according to the passage？A. His family left Berlin after World War II began.B. He used to major in physics and physiology.C. He invented a machine while in University College London.D. His interest lay in helping those living in war-stricken areas.38 Heinz Wolff didnt mind looking ridicul
82、ous as long as _ .A. he could keep being curious about the worldB. he could combine entertainment and technologyC. he could help arouse childrens interest in scienceD. he could appear on TV to judge scientific competitions39. Which of the following is an achievement made by Heinz Wolff？A. Representi
83、ng a chemical company.B. Designing a method to count red blood cells.C. Being the first scientist to front TV shows.D. Setting up the subject of bioengineering.【答案】36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述生物工程先驱海因茨沃尔夫教授的事迹和成就。【36题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段“Yet while he cheerfully exploited his reputation a
84、s a peculiar egghead, he was very serious about his work and inspired thousands of young people to consider scientific careers. （然而，当他愉快地利用自己“古怪的书呆子”的名声时，他对自己的工作非常认真，并激励了成千上万的年轻人考虑科学事业。）”这句话中的“peculiar egghead”是对他的称呼的再一次出现，由此可知dotty和peculiar同义，都是古怪的意思，故选A。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Born in Berlin in 1928, H
85、einz Wolff was the son of Jewish parents.（海因茨沃尔夫1928年出生于柏林，父母是犹太人。） ”， A选项错误； “He went on to study at University College London and graduated with a first in physics and physiology.（他继续在伦敦大学学院学习，毕业时获得了物理学和生理学的第一名。） ” ，B选项正确；“After leaving school, he worked as a technician at the Radcliffe Infirmary
86、in Oxford. where he invented a machine to count red blood cells（毕业后，他在牛津的拉德克里夫医院做技术员。在那里，他发明了一种计算红细胞的机器，）”，C选项错误；D选项“他的兴趣在于帮助那些生活在战争灾区的人”文中未提到，故选B。【38题详解】细节理解题。 根据最后一段“A natural entertainer with an inexhaustible curiosity about the world, he said hed be happy to dress up as a clown if it got childre
87、n interested in science.（作为一个天生的表演者，他对世界有着无尽的好奇心。他说，如果能让孩子们对科学感兴趣，他很乐意打扮成小丑。）”由此可知，只要能激发孩子们的科学兴趣，海因茨沃尔夫不介意看上去很滑稽， 故选C。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Then, in 1983, he founded the Institute for Bioengineering at Brunel University.（1983年，他在布鲁内尔大学建立了生物工程研究所）”由此可知，建立生物工程研究课题是他的成就，故选D。（B）Hudly wirelessPrice: $349Sta
88、ying focused on the road while glancing at your smart-phone or sat nav for directions can be a distraction. Thats why Hudly has created its transparent heads-up display to keep your journey information right in your sight-line. Paired wirelessly with your smart-phone, this 6.2-inch display allows yo
89、u to view the road and its vibrant directions simultaneously. Also equipped with light sensors, this heads-up display will automatically adapt its visibility to suit your environment.Roav VIVAPrice: $130Bring Alexa along for the ride with this plug-in speaker from Anker. Paired with your smart-phone
90、, VIVA can make calls, stream music and provide audio navigation with simple voice commands. Plugged straight into your vehicles power outlet, this travel-size companion comes equipped with two USB ports so you and your passengers can charge smart devices on the go.ZUS Smart Tire Safety MonitorPrice
91、: $159.98Keeping your tires at the correct pressure is of vital importance to not only staying safe on the roads, but to maintain low fuel consumption. With the ZUS smart safety monitors by Nonda, you receive real-time alerts if your tires are leaking air or in need of a refill. Taking only minutes
92、to install, these high-tech dust caps simply screw on each tire and give you feedback on how each tire is performing, recording a detailed history of pressure changes over time.GOFARPrice: $149Open a window into your vehicles health with GOFAR. By simply plugging the GUFAR adapter into your ears com
93、puter, receive real-time information about any mechanical problems or performance information sent straight to your smart-phone. In the same way a Formula I driver monitors their fuel efficiency on the track, the GOFAR Ray keeps you up to date on how you consume fuel with the simple dashboard light
94、array. If youre hitting the gas too hard, the GOFAR Ray will illuminate red to let you know youre wasting fuel and green when youre driving optimally.Automatic connected car assistantPrice: from $99.99If you want to get to know your car inside out, then the Automatic connected car assistant is the p
95、erfect addition to your vehicle. By simply plugging the compact diagnostic device into the vehicle, a whole host of information about your car is available at your fingertips. Using the Automatic app, this driving assistant can give detailed diagnostics about maintenance issues and performance along
96、side crash alerts, your vehicles real-time location and roadside assistance.Jabra FreewayPrice: $99.99If your car isnt Bluetooth connected, then Jabra Freeway is a great gadget to listen to high-quality sound and answer and make calls at the touch of a button or through voice activation. With three
97、built-in speakers, Freeway offers impressive surround sound. However, if you prefer your vehicles speakers, the built-in FM transmitter will connect your smart-phone straight to the cars internal sound system. Equipped with a motion sensor, Freeway will always sense when you get into the car and aut
98、omatically connect to your smart-phone.40. Mary, a green-hand driver, wants to know the overall health of her second-hand car and to ensure road safety and timely help if anything happens. Whats the best product for her?A. GOFARB. Hudly wirelessC. Automatic connected car assistantD. Zus Smart Tire S
99、afety Monitor41. What do Jabra Freeway and Roav VIVA have in common?A. Both are equipped with motion sensors and USB ports.B. Both can make calls, stream music and provide navigation.C. Both can be operated with voice activation and button touch.D. Both can be smart-phone connected and voice control
100、led.42. Which of the following devices can help you cut back on your spending in the long run? Hudley wireless Roav VIVA GOFAR Jabra Freeway Zus Smart Tire Safety Monitor Automated connected car assistantA. B. C. D. 【答案】40. C 41. D 42. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了六种与汽车相关的产品情况以及特色。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据Automati
101、c connected car assistant部分中“If you want to get to know your car inside out, then the Automatic connected car assistant is the perfect addition to your vehicle. By simply plugging the compact diagnostic device into the vehicle, a whole host of information about your car is available at your fingerti
102、ps. Using the Automatic app, this driving assistant can give detailed diagnostics about maintenance issues and performance alongside crash alerts, your vehicles real-time location and roadside assistance.(如果你想彻底了解你的车，那么自动联网汽车助手是你的车的完美补充。只要把这个小巧的诊断设备插到汽车上，你就可以在指尖获取大量关于你的汽车的信息。使用自动应用程序，这款驾驶助手可以提供维修问题和
103、性能的详细诊断，以及碰撞警报、车辆的实时位置和路边援助)”可知，新手司机Mary想了解自己的二手车的整体健康状况，确保道路安全，如果有任何情况发生及时帮助，自动联网汽车助手产品最适合她。故选C。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据Roav VIVA部分中“Paired with your smart-phone, VIVA can make calls, stream music and provide audio navigation with simple voice commands.(与你的智能手机配对，VIVA可以打电话，播放音乐，并通过简单的语音命令提供音频导航)”以及Jabra Fre
104、eway部分中“However, if you prefer your vehicles speakers, the built-in FM transmitter will connect your smart-phone straight to the cars internal sound system. Equipped with a motion sensor, Freeway will always sense when you get into the car and automatically connect to your smart-phone.(不过，如果你更喜欢汽车上的
105、扬声器，内置的调频发射机将把你的智能手机直接连接到汽车内部的音响系统。“高速公路”配备了运动传感器，当你上车时，它总能感应到你，并自动与你的智能手机连接)”可知，Jabra Freeway和Roav VIVA的共同之处是两者都可以通过智能手机连接和语音控制。故选D。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据ZUS Smart Tire Safety Monitor部分中“Keeping your tires at the correct pressure is of vital importance to not only staying safe on the roads, but to maintai
106、n low fuel consumption. With the ZUS smart safety monitors by Nonda, you receive real-time alerts if your tires are leaking air or in need of a refill. Taking only minutes to install, these high-tech dust caps simply screw on each tire and give you feedback on how each tire is performing, recording
107、a detailed history of pressure changes over time.(让轮胎保持在正确的气压对保证安全行驶和保持低油耗都是至关重要的。通过Nonda的ZUS智能安全监视器，如果轮胎漏气或需要补充空气，您将收到实时警报。只需几分钟就可以安装，这些高科技防尘帽简单地安装在每个轮胎上，并向你反馈每个轮胎的运行情况，记录一段时间内压力变化的详细历史)”以及GOFAR部分中“In the same way a Formula I driver monitors their fuel efficiency on the track, the GOFAR Ray keeps y
108、ou up to date on how you consume fuel with the simple dashboard light array. If youre hitting the gas too hard, the GOFAR Ray will illuminate red to let you know youre wasting fuel and green when youre driving optimally.(就像一级方程式赛车的车手在赛道上监测他们的燃料效率一样，GOFAR Ray通过简单的仪表盘灯光阵列让你了解最新的燃料消耗情况。如果你加油加得太猛，GOFAR射
109、线就会亮起红色，让你知道你在浪费燃料，而当你在最佳驾驶状态时，它会亮起绿色)”可知，从长远来看，GOFAR和Zus Smart Tire Safety Monitor可以帮助你减少开支。故选B。（C）Early decision-you apply to one school，and admission is binding-seems like a great choice for nervous applicants，Schools let in a higher percentage of early-decision applicants,which arguably means th
110、at you have a better chance of getting in.And if you do，youre done with the whole process by December.But what most students and parents dont realize is that schools have hidden motives for offering early decision.Early decision，since its binding，allows schools to fill their classes with qualified s
111、tudents；it allows admissions committees to select the students that are in particular demand for their college and know those students will come.It also gives schools a higher yield rate，which is often used as one of the ways to measure college selectivity and popularity.The problem is that this pro
112、cess effectively shortens the window of time students have to make one of the most important decisions of their lives up to that point.Under regular admissions，seniors have until May 1 to choose which school to attend；early decision effectively steals six months from them，months that could be used t
113、o visit more schools，do more research，speak to current students and alumni and arguably make a more informed decision.There are，frankly，an astonishing number of exceptional colleges in America，and for any given student，there are a number of schools that are a great fit.When students become too fixat
114、ed（专注）on a particular school early in the admissions process，that fixation can lead to severe disappointment if they dont get in or，if they do，the possibility that they are now bound to go to a school that，given time for further reflection，may not actually be right for them.Early decision offers a g
115、enuine admissions edge，but that advantage goes largely to students who already have numerous advantages.The students who use early decision tend to be those who have received higher-quality college guidance，usually a result of coming from a more privileged background.In this regard，theres an argumen
116、t against early decision，as students from lower-income families are far less likely to have the admissions know-how to navigate the often-confusing early deadlines.Students who have done their research and are confident that theres one school they would be thrilled to get into should，under the curre
117、nt system，probably apply under early decision.But for students who havent yet done enough research，or who are still constantly changing their minds on favorite schools，the early decision system needlessly and prematurely narrows the field of possibility just at a time when students should be opening
118、 themselves to a whole range of thrilling options.43. What are students obliged to do under early decision？A. Consult the current students and alumni.B. Think twice before they accept the offer.C. Attend the school once they are admitted.D. Look into a lot of schools before they apply.44. What is sa
119、id to be the problem with early decision for students？A. It places too high a demand on their research ability.B. It makes their application process more complicated.C. It exerts much more psychological pressure on them.D. It allows them little time to make informed decisions.45. Why are some people
120、 opposed to early decision？A. It is biased against students at ordinary high schools.B. It interferes with students learning in high school.C. It causes unnecessary confusion among college applicants.D. It places students from lower-income families at a disadvantage.46. What does the author advise c
121、ollege applicants to do？A. Look beyond the few supposedly thrilling options.B. Find sufficient information about their favorite schools.C. Avoid choosing early decision unless they are full prepared.D. Refrain from competing with students from privileged families.【答案】43. C 44. D 45. D 46. C【解析】【分析】这
122、是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是过早决定被哪所大学录取，一方面可以知道自己的未来学习环境，另一方面，学生的学习环境过早被限制了。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句话“it allows admissions committees to select the students that are in particular demand for their college and know those students will come.”（它允许招生委员会选择对学校有特殊需求的学生，并知道这些学生会来。）可知，这些学生一旦被录取，他们就会去上这所大学。故选C。【44题详解】细节理解题
123、。根据文章第三段第一句话“The problem is that this process effectively shortens the window of time students have to make one of the most important decisions of their lives up to that point.”（问题在于，这一过程有效地缩短了学生在此之前必须做出一生中最重要决定的时间窗口。）可知，提前决定上哪所大学的问题是，学生们做选择的时间是有限的。故选D。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段倒数第一句话“In this regard，theres
124、an argument against early decision，as students from lower-income families are far less likely to have the admissions know-how to navigate the often-confusing early deadlines.”（在这方面，有一种观点反对提前决定，因为来自低收入家庭的学生不太可能掌握入学诀窍来应对经常令人困惑的提前截止日期。）可知，对于低收入家庭的学生来说，他们会对提前截止日期有所困惑，会对他们不利。故选D。【46题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句话“S
125、tudents who have done their research and are confident that theres one school they would be thrilled to get into should，under the current system，probably apply under early decision.”（在目前的体制下，那些已经完成研究并确信有一所学校会让他们兴奋不已的学生应该在提前决定的情况下申请。）以及后面的内容可知，那些做好充分研究的学生可以提前申请，而那些还没有准备好的学生应该慎重提前选择学校。故选C。Section C（8%
126、）Directions：Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you needDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once
127、. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Its time to re-evaluate how women handle conflict at work. Being overworked or over-committed at home and on the job will not get ou where you want to be in life. It will only slow you down and hinder your career goals.Did you know women are mor
128、e likely than men to feel exhausted? Nearly twice as many women than men ages 18-44 reported feeling, “very tired” or “exhausted,” according to a recent study._47_Its also the age range when many women are trying to balance careers and home. One reason women may feel exhausted is that they have a ha
129、rd time saying “no.” Women want to be able to do it all - volunteer for school parties or cook delicious meals - and so their answer to any request is often “Yes, I can.”Women struggle to say “no” in the workplace for similar reasons, including the desire to be liked by their colleagues._48_.At the
130、workplace, men use conflict as a way to position themselves, while women often avoid conflict or strive to be the peacemaker, because they dont want to be viewed as aggressive or disruptive at work._49_Men are more likely to face that dispute from the perspective of what benefits them most, whereas
131、women may approach the same dispute from the perspective of whats the easiest and quickest way to resolve the problem - even if that means doing the boring work themselves.This difference in handling conflict could be the deciding factor in who gets promoted to a leadership position and who does not
132、._50_Shouldering more of the workload may not earn you that promotion. Instead, It may highlight your inability to delegate effectively.A. Unfortunately, this inability to say “no” may be hurting womens health as well as their career.B. Leaders have to be able to delegate and manage resources wisely
133、 - including staff expertise.C. For example, theres a problem that needs to be addressed immediately, resulting in a dispute over who should be the one to fix it.D. Men and women tend to behave differently when faced with a disputeE. This may not be surprising given that this is the age range when w
134、omen have children .F. The reason why women in this age range suffer so much is that they cannot say “no.”【答案】47. E 48. A 49. C 50. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。根据最近的一项研究，18-44岁的女性中感到“非常累”或“筋疲力尽”的人数几乎是男性的两倍。女性感到疲惫的一个原因是她们很难说“不”，包括生活和工作中。文章继续说明了在工作场所中男性和女性处理冲突方式的不同，指出处理冲突的这种差异要求领导者必须能够明智地分配和管理资源。【47题详解】根据下文Its a
135、lso the age range when many women are trying to balance careers and home.（这个年龄段也是许多女性试图平衡事业和家庭的年龄。）中the age range可对应到E选项中this is the age range when women have children。表示“考虑到这是女性生育孩子的年龄范围，这可能不足为奇。”符合上下文语境。故选E。【48题详解】结合上文Women struggle to say“no”in the workplace for similar reasons, including the des
136、ire to be liked by their colleagues.（出于类似的原因，女性在职场中也很难说“不”，包括想要被同事喜欢。）中say“no”可对应到A选项中this inability to say“no”，且表示“不幸的是，这种不能说“不”的能力可能会损害女性的健康和事业。”符合上下文语境。故选A。【49题详解】结合下文Men are more likely to face that dispute from the perspective of what benefits them most, whereas women may approach the same disp
137、ute from the perspective of whats the easiest and quickest way to resolve the problem - even if that means doing the boring work themselves.（男人更倾向于从什么对他们最有利的角度来面对争端，而女人则可能从什么是解决问题最简单、最快捷的方法来面对同样的争端即使那意味着自己要做那些无聊的工作。）可推知是在说明面对一个解决问题的争端，男人和女人的不同反应。故C选项“例如，有一个问题需要立即解决，导致了关于谁应该解决它的争论。”符合上下文语境。故选C。【50题详解
138、】结合下文Shouldering more of the workload may not earn you that promotion. Instead, It may highlight your inability to delegate effectively.（承担更多的工作量可能不会让你得到晋升。相反，它可能会突出你无法有效地委派工作。）可推知面对任务的分配，一个领导必须能够做出明智的决定，否则承担更多的工作量可能不会让你得到晋升。相反，它可能会突出你无法有效地委派工作。故B选项“领导者必须能够明智地分配和管理资源包括员工的专业技能。”符合上下文语境。故选B。V.Summary
139、Writing（10%）51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Theres more of a connection between food and culture than you may think.On an individual level, we grow up eating the food
140、 of our cultures. Many associate foods from our childhood with warm feelings and fond memories, tying us to our families.On a large scale, food operates as an expression of cultural identity, Traditional cuisine (烹饪法) is passed down from one generation to the next. Immigrants bring the food of their
141、 countries where they go, and cooking traditional food is a symbol of pride for their ethnicity (民族特色) as well as a means of coping with homesickness.Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve traditional dishes. However, the food does not remain exactly the same. Some ingredients needed t
142、o make traditional dishes may not be readily available, so the taste and flavour can be different from what they would prepare in their home countries. Additionally, immigrants who sell dishes have to alter the original dishes to satisfy a wider range of customers. Alterations to original dishes can
143、 create new flavors that still preserve the cultural significance of the dish.What stays the same is the extent to which each country or communitys unique cuisine reflects its unique history, lifestyle, values, and beliefs. For example, in China, harmony is a vital characteristic in almost every asp
144、ect of life. This is reflected in Chinese cuisine, where almost every flavour is used in a balanced way. Throughout history, Chinese people are of the belief that food not only needs to be nutritious but also needs to look appealing, so they put a lot of effort into decorating the dishes，with vibran
145、t red as their traditional colour.As the world becomes more globalized, it is easier to access cuisines from different cultures. We should not only accept our traditions through our cultures food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their foods. It is important to remember th
146、at each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window to culture, and it should be treated as such.【答案】Food and culture are associated in many different aspects. Food often reminds us of warm feelings and fond memories and displ
147、ays our cultural identity. Although the flavours may vary, the unique history and values food reflects stay the same. With the globalization, we should learn to be open to other cultures and foods as well as accepting our own tradition and foods equally.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。食物和文化在许多不同方面都有联系。食物常常让我们想起温暖的
148、感觉和美好的回忆，并展示我们的文化身份。虽然味道可能不同，但食物所反映的独特历史和价值保持不变。随着全球化，我们应该学会对其他文化和食物开放，同时平等地接受我们自己的传统和食物。【详解】要点摘录1.Theres more of a connection between food and culture than you may think.2.Many associate foods from our childhood with warm feelings and fond memories, tying us to our families.3.What stays the same is
149、 the extent to which each country or communitys unique cuisine reflects its unique history, lifestyle, values, and beliefs.4. As the world becomes more globalized, it is easier to access cuisines from different cultures. We should not only accept our traditions through our cultures food but also bec
150、ome more informed about other cultures by trying their foods. It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window to culture, and it should be treated as such.2.缜密构思将第1，2，3，4要点分别进行整合。3.遣词造句Food an
151、d culture are associated in many different aspects. Food often reminds us of warm feelings and fond memories and displays our cultural identity. Although the flavours may vary, the unique history and values food reflects stay the same. With the globalization, we should learn to be open to other cult
152、ures and foods as well as accepting our own tradition and foods equally.【点睛】高分句1 Although the flavours may vary, the unique history and values food reflects stay the same.运用although引导的状语从句高分句型2 With the globalization, we should learn to be open to other cultures and foods as well as accepting our ow
153、n tradition and foods equally.运用了动名词作宾语。V. Translation（15%）（3+3+4+5）Directions：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.52. 尽管有充分的时间做准备，但我看我的演技还有很大的提升空间。（despite）(汉译英)【答案】Despite sufficient time for preparation, my performance skills leave much room for im
154、provement from my perspective.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时态。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“尽管”是despite，“有充分的时间做准备”是sufficient time for preparation，“我的演技”是my performance skills，“有很大的提升空间”是leave much room for improvement，“我看”是from my perspective，因此整个句子翻译为“Despite sufficient time for preparation, my performance skills leave mu
155、ch room for improvement from my perspective”，故答案为Despite sufficient time for preparation, my performance skills leave much room for improvement from my perspective。53. 中国人民站起来了，中华民族饱受欺凌的时代一去不复返了！（gone）(汉译英)【答案】Chinese people have stood up, and gone are the days when Chinese nation were bullied by ot
156、hers.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时态、倒装和定语从句。“中国人民站起来了”描述的是过去的动作或状态持续到现在，对现在造成的影响，可能持续发生下去，因此时态用现在完成时，“中国人民”是Chinese people，不止一人，用复数，“站起来了”翻译为have stood up，“.的时代一去不复返了”用固定句型gone are the days，是表语提前的倒装，“中华民族饱受欺凌的”翻译成定语从句，修饰days，关系词用when，“中华民族”是Chinese nation，“饱受欺凌”用被动语态were bullied。因此整个句子翻译为“Chinese people have stoo
157、d up, and gone are the days when Chinese nation were bullied by others”。故答案为Chinese people have stood up, and gone are the days when Chinese nation were bullied by others。54. 人们常把爱好和热爱泪为一谈，可是爱好不应该是你选择专业时的优先考虑项。（mean）(汉译英)【答案】People often confuse hobbies with devotion, but hobbies shouldnt mean prior
158、ities when choosing your major.【解析】【详解】考查句式结构。由所给汉语意思可知，该句可用but串联前后两个句子表达“可是”。前句是主谓宾结构，主语为“人们”people，“把和混为一谈”可用confuse sth. with sth.的结构表达，其中，“爱好”是hobby，且应使用复数形式，“热爱”可用devotion表示；后句要用到情态动词should，其中“优先考虑项”可用priority表达，且与hobbies一致使用复数形式，“选择专业时”属于时间状语，可表示为when (you are) choosing major。而整句的内容在描述一个客观的事实，
159、应使用一般现在时。故翻译为：People often confuse hobbies with devotion, but hobbies shouldnt mean priorities when choosing your major.55. 在教练的帮助下，他刻苦训练，严格自律，最终获得成功，这使队友们对他刮目相看。（end up）(汉译英)【答案】With the help of the coach, he practised hard, maintained self-disciplined, and ended up achieving success, which made hi
160、s teammates deeply impressed.【解析】【详解】考查动词，介词短语及定语从句。表达：在某人的帮助下，英语用with the help of sb；表达：教练，英语用the coach；表达：刻苦训练，英语用practise hard；表达：严格自律，英语用maintain self-disciplined；表达：最终获得成功，英语用end up achieving success；使某人刮目相看，英语用 make sb. deeply impressed；表达：他的队友，英语用his teammates。“在教练的帮助下，他刻苦训练，严格自律，最终获得成功，”这是句子
161、的主干；“这使队友们对他刮目相看，”这是补充其他人对他的看法，因此可翻译为非限制性定语从句对主干内容进行补充，which指代前面整个句子，在定语从句中作主语。整句陈述过去的事实，要用一般过去时。故整句翻译为：With the help of the coach, he practised hard, maintained self- disciplined, and ended up achieving success, which made his teammates deeply impressed.VI.Guided Writing（25%）56. Directions：Write an
162、 English composition in 120-l50words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假如你是高三学生李华，最近得知2022年北京冬奥会筹备组正在为奥运比赛场馆、游客问询中心、奥运村接待处招募志愿者，你非常想成为其中的一员。请结合自己的情况，给筹备组负责人王先生写一封申请信。你的申请信需要包括以下内容：1. 你想申请的一处志愿服务点；2. 你选择此处提供志愿服务的理由。【答案】Dear Mr. Wang,Im Li Hua, a senior three student from China. Im
163、writing to apply for your recently advertised position for a volunteer of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.Among the three options, serving in tourist information center suits me best. Growing up in Beijing, I am pretty familiar with this city, including most of its places of interest, which makes
164、me able to introduce them to foreign tourists. Besides, I have a good command of English, especially my oral English, which will come in handy when I communicate with people from all over the world. It will be a perfect opportunity for me to temper myself and participate Beijing Winter Olympic Games
165、.Please take my application into consideration. Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给北京冬奥会筹备组负责人写一封申请信，申请成为志愿者。【详解】1.词汇积累选项/选择：optionalternative熟悉：be familiar withknow well机会：opportunitychance参加：participate=take part in2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：It will be a perfect opportunity fo
166、r me to temper myself and participate Beijing Winter Olympic Games.拓展句：I always try to temper myself and participate Beijing Winter Olympic Games, so it will be a perfect opportunity for me.【点睛】高分句型1 Growing up in Beijing, I am pretty familiar with this city, including most of its places of interest, which makes me able to introduce them to foreign tourists. （运用了非谓语动词作状语和which引导的非限制性定语从句）高分句型2 Besides, I have a good command of English, especially my oral English, which will come in handy when I communicate with people from all over the world.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）