1、课时作业(六)Unit 2Sailing the oceansSection Warming up & ReadingLanguage Points(本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！).单词拼写1The railway run_(沿着) the road.答案：alongside2The project will take six months，as an absolute_(最小量)答案：minimum3Travelling has really helped to expand her_(眼界)答案：horizon4A large white bird flew silentl
2、y_(在头顶上)答案：overhead5The increased capital could greatly _(加速) economic development.答案：accelerate6The important thing is that children feel _(安全的) about being loved.答案：secure.单句语法填空1_(explore) of the solar system began in the 19th century.答案：Exploration2The sentences are numbered for ease of_(refer)答
3、案：reference3In spite of all her_(shortcoming)，shes still the best teacher the school has.答案：shortcomings4The English in this story has been _ (simply) to make it easier to understand.答案：simplified.选词填空at the mercy of，on the horizon，in relation to，work out，rather than1Womens earnings are still very l
4、ow_mens.答案：in relation to2The sun is rising_.答案：on the horizon3UN negotiators have_ a set of compromise proposal.答案：worked out4I think youd call it a lecture_a talk.答案：rather than5They were lost at sea，_wind and weather.答案：at the mercy of.完成句子1You may get_(最少40英镑) a week doing this job.答案：a minimum
5、of 402The key was_(到处都找不到)答案：nowhere to be found3Hes _(很笨) that he keeps dropping things.答案：so awkward4Its _(是不可靠的) to judge a man only by his looks.答案：not reliable5The victim was able to_(确切地描绘) of the suspect.答案：give a precise description.句型转换1In addition to gene，intelligence also depends on an ad
6、equate diet，a good education and a decent home environment. _gene，intelligence also depends on an adequate diet，a good education and a decent home environment.答案：As well as2After calculating for a long time he figured out a sum.After calculating for a long time he_a sum.答案：worked out3Science and tec
7、hnology has enabled modern industries to develop quickly.Science and technology has_modern industries to develop quickly.答案：made it possible for4The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.The student_is my daughter.答案：in white5I have a lot to say concerning that affair.I have a lot to say_th
8、at affair.答案：in relation to.阅读理解ASteve and I pulled trash for four solid hours continuously，except for about five minutes when we stopped to talk.My shoulder hurt badly each time I put another full barrel on it，and my legs occasionally trembled as I was heading for the street.But the rest of me said
9、，“Go，trashman，go.”I could not have imagined there would be joy in this.Dump.Lift.Walk.Lift.Walk.The hours flew by.Saturday meant many people were outdoors working in their gardens or greenhouses.Most of them looked approachable enough.There wasnt time for lengthy talks but enough to exchange greetin
10、gs that go with civilized ways.But I was shocked to find that this wasnt the case.When I said hello to them，most often the response was either nothing at all，or a surprising stare because I had spoken.One woman in a housecoat was startled as I came around the corner of her house.At the sound of my g
11、reeting，she gathered her housecoat tightly about her and retreated quickly to the door.I heard the lock click.Steve complained angrily on the long ride to the dump：“They dont realize were humans.” I had originally planned to stay at this employment for only two days but now Im going to continue.I ha
12、ve decided，too，to keep saying hello in peoples yards.It doesnt do any harm，and it still feels right.Frankly，Im doing an essential task.I left this country a little cleaner than I found it this morning.Not many people can say that tonight.John Gardner wrote that a society which praises its philosophe
13、rs and looks down on its plumbers (管子工) is in trouble.“Neither_its_pipes_nor_its_theories_will_hold_water，”he warned.He might have gone a step further and called for respect for both our economists and our trashmen；otherwise，theyll both leave rubbish behind.语篇解读这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一名垃圾清理工，他以前对自己的工作不认同，后来逐渐
14、以自己的工作为荣。1How did the woman feel when she heard the authors greeting?ADoubtful.BEmbarrassed.CFrightened.DPitiful.解析：根据第五段中的“she gathered her housecoatand retreated quickly to the door.I heard the lock click”可知，那位女士感到害怕，故选C项。答案：C2At the end of the passage，whats the authors attitude to his job?AHe is
15、ashamed of it.BHe is boastful about it.CHe is proud of it.DHe isnt serious about it.解析：根据倒数第二段中的“Im doing an essential task.I left this country a little cleaner”可推知，作者为自己的工作感到自豪，故选C项。答案：C3What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?ABoth the facilities and the thoughts of society ma
16、y go wrong.BBoth the trashmen and the economists should not be respected.CBoth practice and theories are important.DBoth the pipes and the theories make sense.解析：根据画线句前的“a society which.is in trouble”可推知，画线句主要是说人们对社会价值观的判断会出错，故选A项。答案：A4Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AAn Ex
17、perience as a TrashmanBThe TrashmanCEconomists and TrashmenDMisunderstanding解析：根据整篇文章内容可知，作者是一名垃圾清理工，以前他对自己的工作不认同，但后来逐渐以自己的工作为荣。故选B。A项突出的是一次经历，比较片面。答案：BBWe tend to think of plants as the furniture of the natural world.They dont move，they dont make sounds and they dont seem to respond to anythingat l
18、east not very quickly.But as is often the case，our human view of the world misses quite a lot.Plants talk to each other all the time.And the language is chemical.Over the years，scientists have reported that different types of plants，from trees to tomatoes，release compounds(化合物) into the air to help
19、neighboring plants.These chemical warnings all have the same purposeto spread information about one plants disease or infestation so other plants can defend themselves.But exactly how plants receive and act on many of these signals is still mysterious.In this weeks Proceedings of the National Academ
20、y of Sciences，researchers in Japan offered some explanations.They had identified one chemical message and traced it all the way from release to action.The scientists looked at tomato plants infested by a common pest，the cutworm.The researchers studied leaves from exposed and unexposed plants.They fo
21、und one compound showed up more often in the exposed plants.The substance is called HexVic.When the scientists fed HexVic to cutworms，it knocked down their survival rate by 17%.The scientists identified the source of HexVic，and sprayed it lightly over healthy plants.Those plants were then able to st
22、art producing the cutwormkilling HexVic.Researchers confirmed that uninfested plants have to build their own weapons to fight off bugs and disease.How do they know when to play defense？They are warned first by their friendly plant neighbors.It is a complex tale，and it may be happening in more plant
23、species than tomatoes.It may also be happening with more chemical signals that are still unknown to us.Further studies are needed to increase agricultural efficiency.语篇解读人们倾向于认为植物是大自然的装饰品。它们不能移动，不能发出声响，看起来不对任何事情作出反应。但是情况常常并非如此，植物一直都在说话。5How do plants warn their neighbors?AThey make use of winds.BThe
24、y release some chemicals.CThey identify the chemicals.DThey are exposed early.解析：根据第二段中的“scientists have reported that different types of plants，from trees to tomatoes，release compounds (化合物) into the air to help neighboring plants”可知，不同种类的植物通过释放一些化合物进而帮助附近的植物，即B项正确。答案：B6Whats the function of HexVic
25、?AIt damages the cutworms body.BIt shows up more.CIt cures the disease.DIt sprays over healthy plants.解析：根据倒数第二段中的“When the scientists fed HexVic to cutworms，it knocked down their survival rate by 17%”和“Those plants were then able to start producing the cutwormkilling HexVic”可知，A项正确。答案：A7It can be i
26、nferred from the text that_.Athere are not chemical signalsBthe phenomenon may be happening in less plant species than tomatoesCfarmers may benefit from the further studiesDplants are warned first by their neighbors解析：由文章的最后一句可推知，通过进一步的科学研究可以提高农业效率，农民会从中受益，即C项正确。答案：C8The passage is likely to appear in_.Aa newspaper advertisementBa physics textbookCa science magazineDa finance report解析：根据文章内容可推知，本文应该是一篇科研报告性质的文章，即C项正确。答案：C