1、Unit 2Heroes知识清单重点单词1._adj. 大方的；慷慨的_ n. 慷慨；大方_ adv. 慷慨地；大方地 2_adj. 暴力的_ n. 暴力3_vt. 探险_ n. 探险者_ n. 探险；探测 4_adj. 平等的_ adv. 平等地5_adj. 卓越的；辉煌的_ adv. 辉煌地_ n. 卓越；辉煌6_adj. 灵巧的；熟练地_ adv. 灵巧地；熟练地_ n. 技巧；技能 7_vt. 比赛；竞争_ n. 比赛；竞争8_v. 提升；促进_ n. 提升；推广_ adj. 推销的 9_adj. 自信的_ n. 自信10_n. 伤害；损害_vi. 受伤；损害重点短语1._ _ 达到某
2、种状态2._ _ _ 在我看来3_ _ 放弃 4._ _ 融洽相处；进展5_ _ 太；极为 6._ _ _ 单独地；独自地7_ _ 自杀 8._ _ _ _ 结束9_ _ 解脱；发出；泄露 10._ _ _ 盼望；期盼；期待11_ _ _ 参加；参与 12._ _ 恢复健康；渡过难关重点句式1.What were helicopters doing as Yang Liwei returned to the_earths_atmosphere?2Pat was in the bathroom with a hairdryer in her hand when she heard a crash
3、.3I_have_a_dream_that my four little children will one_day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the colour of their skin, but by the content of their character.4Im far_too busy with living to_think_of giving up!5I thought 21 hours was too_short_to_stay in space. 核心语法1.一般过去时和过去进行时2现在完成时自
4、我校对重点单词：1generous; generousness; generously2.violent; violence3.explore; explorer; exploration4.equal; equally5.brilliant; brilliantly; brilliantness6.skillful; skillfully; skillpete; competition 8.promote; promotion; promotional 9confident; confidence10.injury; injure重点短语：1come to2.in my opinion3.g
5、ive up4.get on5.far too6.on ones ownmit suicidee to an end9let out10.look forward to11.get involved with12.pull through 重点词汇探究1struggle vt.努力；抗争；挣扎 n. 斗争；挣扎struggle against / with 与抗争struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来struggle with sb 与某人搏斗 struggle for. 为而斗争1)It was the year when Britain declared _ on Ger
6、many. 那是英国对德国宣战的一年。2)She will not give up her children _ _.她不会轻易放弃自己的孩子。【答案】1)war2)without strugglestruggle, war, battle和fightstruggle指为了获得某物而努力奋斗或彼此打架，也指为了逃避攻击而与某人搏斗。war指国家间、民族间的战争的总称。battle指规模较小的战争。fight指具体的争夺，可以指人类之间的战斗也可以指动物间的战斗。(1)用struggle的适当形式填空1)The _ for independence was long and hard. 2)Th
7、e prisoners _ _ their captors but couldnt escape.3)The two leaders are _ _ power.【答案】1)struggle 2)struggled against 3)struggling for(2)名校押题(2010南昌模拟) In the past, my parents _ to bring my brother and me up and afford our education, they had a hard life.AworkedBhelpedCcontributed Dstruggled【答案与解析】D考查
8、动词词义辨析。 contribute “贡献；有助于”；struggle“挣扎；奋斗”。 题意：在以前，父母为把我和哥哥养大并供我们读书而奋斗，度过了一段艰难的时光。2compete vi.比赛；竞赛；抗争compete in 参加比赛 compete for 为争取而竞争 compete with / against sb 同某人竞争(比赛) competition n. 比赛；竞争 competitor n. 竞争者 competitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争力的1)China has to _ _ other countries for world market.中国必须与其他国家
9、争夺国际市场。2)He took part in the _ for the glory of the school. 他为学校的荣誉参加了比赛。3)The two friends were _ for the position of monitor. 那两位朋友在竞争班长一事上是对手。【答案】1)compete with / against2)competition3)competitors(1)用compete的适当形式填空1)Several companies _ _ _ the contract. 2)The horse _ _ _ the Grand National four ti
10、mes.3)Will you_ _ the swimming race?4)Sometimes theres a lot of _ among children for their mothers attention.【答案】1)are competing for2)has competed in3)compete in4)competition(2)名校押题(2010山东东营一中二模) Apple and Microsoft _ with each other for the world market to sell more PC with their own free software.
11、Acompare Bcompete Cfight Ddeal【答案与解析】B考查动词词义辨析。 compare with “与相比”；compete with“与竞争”； fight with“和争辩；一起做斗争”； deal with “处理；讨论”。题意：苹果公司和微软公司在世界市场上为了卖更多的带有自己免费软件的电脑而相互竞争。3commit vt.犯(错误)；干(坏事)；把交给；提交；答应责任commitment n. 承诺；义务；保证commit a murder 犯谋杀罪 commit an error 做错事commit suicide 自杀commit oneself on 对
12、表态；向某人保证commit oneself to 委身于；专心致志于1)The patient _ _ _ the hospital. 病人被托付给医院。2)He didnt _ himself to anything. 他没有做出任何承诺。3)The judge _ him to ten years imprisonment. 法官判处他十年有期徒刑。4)I _ an error in handling the business. 我承认在处理这一业务上犯了错误。【答案】1)was committed to2)commit3)committed4)Committed(1)用commit 的
13、适当形式填空1)He would not _ himself in any way.2)I never _ _ _such issue.3)He has _ himself to support his brothers children.【答案】1)commit2)commit myself to3)committed (2)名校押题(2010黄冈中学高三适应性考试)Mary has just got an invitation to the party.She is now in a _ as to whether to go there in her old dress or to st
14、ay at home.Abargain BpreferenceCcommitment Ddilemma【答案与解析】D考查名词词义。 bargain“讨价还价”；preference“喜欢的事物 ”；commitment“承诺；义务；保证”；dilemma“左右为难；窘境”。 题意：Mary刚刚接到一份聚会邀请。但是她现在处在一个进退两难的境遇中，因为她在考虑是穿着自己的旧晚礼服去参加舞会还是待在家。4involve v使(某事物)成为必要条件或结果；需要；使卷入；涉及；包括involve doing sth 需要做某事involve sb in doing sth 使某人加入/参加做某事be
15、 involved in 与有关系be involved with sb 与某人关系密切1)Several officials _ _ _ the matter. 几位官员被卷入这件事中。2)Dont _ _ _ your own business.别把我牵扯到你的事情中去。3)All the children _ _ _ the school play.所有的孩子都参加了学校排练的节目。4)Being a quiet sort of fellow, I didnt want to _ _. 作为一个喜欢清静的人，我不想介入。【答案】1)were involved in2)involve me
16、 in3)were involved in4)get involved(1)用involve的适当形式填空1)The first series _ several basic steps.2)He _ _ _ a heated argument.3)The witnesss statement _ you _ the robbery.【答案】1)involves 2)was involved in 3)involves; in (2)名校押题(2010安徽省蚌埠市二联) He came back and sadly told his wife that more than one defend
17、ant(被告) _ in the case.Ais involved Bare involvedCwas involved Dwere involved【答案与解析】C考查主谓一致。be involved in “参与某事”；从主从一致的原则来看，应选用过去式；宾语从句的真正主语是more than one defendant应用单数形式。5serve vt.&vi.为服务；接待；端(菜)；服役serve as 担当；充任；作之用serve for 作为 用；担任；起作用serve with 向提供；把交给serve on 担任的职务；成为中的一员serve sbs interests 符合的
18、利益serve the needs of 适应的需要1)The soldier _ _ _ the army for three years. 这个士兵在部队服役三年了。2)Let those who can _ _ teachers. 能者为师。3)Have all the guests been _ _ food and drink? 给所有的客人都上了饭菜饮品了吗？4)The town is well_ _ public transport. 这个城镇公共交通设施很完善。【答案】1)has served in2)serve as3)served with4)served with(1)用
19、serve的适当形式填空1)It can _ _ teaching material by negative examples. 2)I am still waiting to _ _.3)My gardener _ _ me well for ten years.4)This suit can _ _ _ _ being beautiful.【答案】1)serve as2)be served3)has served4)serve your need of(2)名校押题(2010福建质检) This sofa used to _ a bed when a relative came to st
20、ay with us.Aserve as Buse for Cmake into Dstand for【答案与解析】A考查动词短语辨析。 serve as “担当；充任；作之用”；use for“用作”，在此句中应用被动语态；make into“把转变成；使成为”；stand for“代表”。题意：这个沙发在有亲戚来时当做床用。重点短语探究1get along with 与某人相处；(工作的) 进展get along / on well / nicely / badly with 与相处得好/不好；进展顺利/不顺利get away离开；逃离get down下来；写下；取下get down to
21、 (doing)开始认真干get over克服；摆脱get through通过；做完get together聚集get across (使某事)传播或为人理解1)He is not easygoing. Its very hard to _ _ _ him.他不是个随和的人，很难相处。2)How are you _ _ _ your work？工作进展如何？3)I _ _ _ a lot of business today.我今天已经做完了许多事情了。【答案】1)get along with2)getting along with3)have got through(1)用get的相关短语填空
22、1)Thieves robbed the bank and _ _ _ a lot of money.2)Hes not very good at _ his ideas _.3)Its time that I _ _ _ some serious work.4)I think the problem can be _ _ withouttoo much difficulty.【答案】1)got away with2)getting; across3)got down to4)got over(2)名校押题(2010安庆市二模) Mr Joe, principal of the school,
23、 advised that all the kids _ the burdens if they wanted to do better. Acarry out Bput away Cbreak down Dget off【答案与解析】Bcarry out “执行；进行”；put away“把某物放到一边；把某人关起来”； break down “停止运转；失败；瓦解”；get off “离开某地或出发；不在讨论(某事)”。 题意：Mr Joe校长建议如果孩子们想要表现得更好点的话就要放下负担。2pull through 使从(受伤)中活过来； 渡过难关pull in 进站；靠岸；吸引 pul
24、l out 出站；拔出 pull up 制止；停住 pull down 拆毁；推翻 pull on 对有吸引力1)This newly liberated country is going to have a rough time, but it will _ _.这个新解放的国家将遇到艰难困苦，但是它必将渡过难关。2)He is still quite sick, but the doctor is sure he will _ _.他的病依然相当重，但医生相信他会痊愈。3)Plans have been put forward to _ _ and rebuild the area. 要把
25、这个地区的房屋推倒重建的计划已经提出。【答案】1)pull through2)pul through3)pull down(1)用pull的相关短语填空1)As soon as the bus _ _， all the passengers rushed to get seats.2)For some weeks we wondered if she would _ _ her illness.3)Half the houses in the street _ _ _ _ to make room for the new post office.【答案】1)pulled in2)pull th
26、rough3)have been pulled down(2)名校押题(2010浙江省台州市二模)I was lucky enough to get on the train before it _. Apulled on Bpulled downCpulled in Dpulled out【答案与解析】D考查动词词组辨析。pull on “对有吸引力”；pull down “拆毁；推翻”；pull in “进站；靠岸；吸引”；pull out “出站；拔出”。题意：我很幸运，在火车出站之前上车了。3on ones own 单独地；独自地of ones own 属于某人自己的 (常用作后置定语
27、)for ones own good / benefit / safety 为某人自己好(安全)1)The poet wanted to wander those countries _ _ _.诗人想独自漫游那些国家。2)He has set up a firm _ _ _.他开了一家自己的公司。3)_ _ _ safety, please fasten your seat belts.为了安全起见，请系好安全带。【答案】1)on his own2)of his own3)For your own (1)用own的适当形式填空1)I cant carry it _ _ _， its far
28、too heavy.2)If you are a sensible man, you will work hard _ _ _ _.3)I live all _ _ _ but I never feel lonely.【答案】1)on my own2)for your own benefit3)on my own (2)名校押题(2010大连质检) Children need friends _ their own age to play with.A. ofB. forCinD. at【答案与解析】A考查介词辨析。 题意：孩子需要同龄朋友一起玩。4agree with 赞成；同意；与一致；适
29、合agree with 后面常接表示人或意见(看法)词作宾语。agree to “同意；赞成”，后面跟表示“提议；办法；计划；安排”等名词或代词。agree on 表示经过协商，在方面取得一致意见，主语必须指协议的双方或多方。agree 也可以用作及物动词，后接不定式或that从句作宾语。1)She nodded to show that she _ _ me.她点头表示同意我的意见。2)Does she _ _ our suggestion? 她赞成我们的提议吗？3)Weve _ _ Spain for our holiday next year. 我们一致同意明年去西班牙度假。【答案】1)
30、agreed with2)agree to3)agreed on(1)用agree的相关短语填空1)I admired him and _ _ his views.2)Much to our disappointment, he didnt _ _ our arrangement.3)Uncle Li _ _ _ take care of mychild for the weekend.【答案】1)agreed with2)agree to3)has agreed to(2)名校押题(2010湖南湘潭模拟)When did you last hear _ Jay?He phoned me th
31、is morning, and we agreed _ a time and place to meet.Aof; to Babout; withCfrom; with Dfrom; on【答案与解析】D考查介词。第1空hear from“接到某人来信”；第2空agree on “在某方面意见达成一致”，都是固定搭配。5give up 放弃；戒掉 give away 赠送；泄露；免费给予give in 屈服；投降；提交give back 归还；交回；送回give off 散发出(光、热、气味等) give out 分发；分配；发表；散发出；用尽1)He _ _ the bad news yes
32、terday.他昨天宣布了这个坏消息。2)She _ _ state secrets to the enemy. 她将国家机密泄露给敌人了。3)The authorities showed no signs of _ _ to the kidnappers demands. 当局对绑架者的要求丝毫没有让步的迹象。4)This fire doesnt seem to _ _ much heat. 这炉火好像不太热。【答案】1)gave out2)gave away3)giving in4)give off(1)用give的相关短语填空1)His board Liverpool accent _
33、him _.2)Shes a tough player, she never _ _.3)The teacher _ _ the examination papers.【答案】1)gave; away2)gives in3)gave out(2)名校押题(2010江苏盐城高三第三次调研) Smith was continually pressured by his father to _ his music and do something worthwhile.Atake upBgive upCpick up Dbring up【答案与解析】B考查动词词组辨析。 take up“占据；开始从
34、事”；give up“放弃”；pick up“捡起；偶然获得”；bring up “培养；培育”。 题意：Smith 不断受到来自父亲让他放弃音乐去做一些有意义的事情的压力。重点句型探究1. Pat was in the bathroom with a hairdryer in her hand when she heard a crash. Pat在浴室里手上拿着电吹风的时候听到了一声爆炸声。with复合结构：with 宾语 ving / ved / to do / adj. / adv. / prep.短语。由“介词with 宾语宾语补足语”构成的复合结构在句中通常作为状语，表示背景情况，
35、为方式，原因或条件等。另外，该结构也可以作为定语使用。下面简述几种情况：如果在该结构中的分词表示的动作是由前面的名词或代词发出的，构成主谓关系，该分词用现在分词形式。如果分词表示的动作与前面的名词或代词构成动宾关系，该分词用过去分词形式。宾语补足语也可以使用介词短语、形容词或副词来充当。【仿写】所有的灯都亮着，广场看上去更漂亮了。_【答案】The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on.1)They made it there _ _ _ _ _. 他们没有浪费一点时间赶到了那里。2)The coach called time ou
36、t _ _ _ _ on the clock. 教练在还有10秒钟剩余时喊了暂停。3)_ _ _ _， who needs enemies? 有这样的朋友，谁还需要敌人？【答案】1)with no time to spare2)with ten seconds left 3)With friends like thatwith 宾语副词：With his parents away ( As his parents are away), Tom becomes more naughty. 因为爸爸妈妈都走了，Tom变得更为淘气了。with 宾语介词短语：The teacher came in w
37、ith a book in his hand ( while a book was in his hand). 老师进来了，手里拿着一本书。with 宾语现在分词：With the teacher standing beside ( As the teacher was standing beside)，she felt a bit uneasy. 由于老师站在边上，她感觉到一点不安。with 宾语过去分词：With his hair cut ( As his hair has been cut), he looks much younger. 他理发之后看起来年轻多了。with 宾语不定式：
38、With her to go with us ( As she will go with us), were sure to have a pleasant journey. 有她跟我们一起，我们肯定能有一个愉快的旅程。(1)完成句子1)The house caught a big fire last night, _(里面的东西都没有了)2)_(下学期史密斯先生教他们英语), they will be greatly improved in spoken English.3)_(随着冬天的到来), the weather is becoming colder and colder. 【答案】
39、1)with nothing left in it2)With Mr Smith to teach them English next term3)With winter coming(2)名校押题(2010山东省六校五联)The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back.Ato be tied Bbeing tied Ctied Dhaving tied【答案与解析】C考查with的复合结构。将原句恢复：“with hands (which were) tied behind his back”可得出答案。2. Wha
40、t were helicopters doing as Yang Liwei returned to the earths atmosphere? 当杨利伟返回地球大气层时，直升机在干什么？ 这是一个复合句，as Yang Liwei returned to the earths atmosphere 是时间状语从句，What were.是主句，as引导时间状语从句。时间状语从句通常由after, as, before, since, till, when, while, as soon as 等引导，还有一些词或词组也可以用来引导时间状语从句。the moment, the minute,
41、the instant, 用作连词，引导时间状语从句，用法相当于as soon as。immediately, directly, instantly 用作连词，引导时间状语从句，用法相当于as soon as。 从属连词no sooner. than, hardly. when 也能引导时间状语从句，如果把no sooner, hardly 放在句首就要用倒装语序。词组every time, next time, last time, 也可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。【仿写】当电话铃响的时候，James正在看书。_【答案】James was reading books as the phon
42、e rang.1)Although we hadnt met for many years, I recognized her _ _ _ _ _.尽管我们有很多年没见面了，但是第一眼看到她的时候我就认出了她。2)_ _ _ _ _ I knew he was my brother.我一看到他就知道他是我的兄弟。3)_ _ _ _ _ _ he was asked to leave again.他刚到就被要求离开。4)_ _ _ _ _ she started crying to go home.我们刚到她就哭着要回家。【答案】1)the minute I saw her2)The insta
43、nt I saw him3)He had no sooner arrived than4)Hardly had we arrived when(1)完成句子1)The machine will start _ (一就) the button is pressed. 2)_ _ had we sat down at the table _(一就) the phone rang. 3)_ _(每次) he calls，Im out.【答案】1)instantly2)No sooner; than3)Every time(2)名校押题(2010年广东广州诊断)_ her home, Mary hel
44、ps her mother do some housework.AAs soon as she returnsBOn arriveCAfter she gettingDDirectly she reaches【答案与解析】D考查副词用作连词的用法。句中directly 相当于as soon as, 但A项中return没有回家的意思。有类似用法的副词还有immediately，instantly以及名词词组the time, the first time, the moment 等。模拟试题探究1(2010北京西城区三模)However difficult the task is, I pre
45、fer completing it by myself _ for help from someone else.AaskBto askingCto askDasking【答案与解析】B考查句型prefer doing sth to doing sth。题意：无论任务多么困难，我宁愿自己完成也不愿寻求别人的帮助。2(2010浙江平湖中学一模)No one is sure who the dictionary _.Abelonging to Bbelongs toCis belonged to Dis belonging to【答案与解析】B考查语态。belong不能用于进行时及被动语态，且be
46、long在从句中作谓语，故选B项。3(2010安徽师大附中一模)By the time Jane gets home, her mother _ for home. Awill leave Bleaves Cwill have left Dleft【答案与解析】C考查时态。 从前面所给的时间状语来看，所表示的动作没有发生。By the time.表示时间到将来的某个时刻为止，所以要用将来完成时态。4(2010江苏金陵中学高三质检)_ leave at the end of this month.I dont think you should do that until _ another jo
47、b.AIm going to; youd found BIm going to; youve foundCIll; youll find DIll; youd find【答案与解析】B考查时态。 be going to 表示计划与打算。答句题意为“我不认为你在找到另外一个工作之前应该那样做。”根据题意可知，后面要求使用完成时态，故选B项。5(2010江苏如东高级中学二模) Ive won a holiday for two days to Florida. I _ my mum.Aam taking Bhave taken Ctake Dwill have taken【答案与解析】A考查时态。 take 是一个转移动词，用进行形式表示将来含义。