1、类型6| 生态环保考查要点方法技巧1.生态环保的现状，造成的影响。2生态环境被破坏的因素，产生的后果。3保护生态环境的措施、步骤。1.理清文章的行文结构，把握主旨大意。2抓住造成生态环境变迁的原因这一主线。3领会作者所透露出的观点态度。(2016浙江10月卷B)The Crowne Plaza Hotel in Copenhagen is offering a free meal to any guest who is able to produce electricity for the hotel on an exercise bike linked to a generator(发电机)
2、The idea is to get people fit and reduce their carbon footprint.Guests will have to produce at least 10 watt hours of electricity roughly 15 minutes of cycling for someone of average fitness.Guests staying at Plaza Hotel will be given meat tickets worth $36 once they have produced 10 watt hours of e
3、lectricity.The bicycles will have smart phones attached to the handlebars measuring how much power is being generated for the hotel.The plan，a worldfirst，will start on 19 April and run for a year.Only guests staying at the hotel will be able to take part.Frederikke Toemmergaard，hotel spokeswoman，sai
4、d，“Many of our visitors are business people who enjoy going to the gym.There might be people who will cycle just to get a free meal，but generally I dont think people will take advantage of our programme.”Copenhagen has a longstanding cycling tradition and 36% of locals cycle to work each day，one of
5、the highest percentages in the world，according to the website visitcopenhagen.dk.US environmental website recently voted Copenhagen the worlds best city for cyclists.“Because Copenhagen is strongly connected with cycling，we felt the bicycle would work well as a symbol of the hotels green profile (形象
6、)”If successful，the electric bicycle meal programme will be spread to all Crowne Plaza hotels in the UK，the hotel said in a statement.24What is the main purpose of the free meal programme?ATo promote the hotels green concept.BTo make the city known to the world.CTo attract people to the hotel restau
7、rant.DTo get guests to stay longer at the hotel.25How can a participant get a free meal?ABy becoming a professional cyclist.BBy cycling to produce some electricity.CBy linking a smart phone to a bicycle.DBy monitoring his or her carbon footprint.26Who are most likely to enter for the programme?AThe
8、poor local people.BThe environment activists.CHealthconscious hotel guests.DVisitors fond of Copenhagen food.27According to Paragraph 3，Copenhagen has one of the worlds Abest chain hotelsBgreenest natural environmentsClongest bike paths Dhighest rates of people cycling to work语篇解读：哥本哈根的一家酒店推出了一个免费餐项
9、目，居住的客人通过骑健身自行车为酒店提供电能，这样就能得到免费餐。其目的是推广环保理念。长难句解读：The Crowne Plaza Hotel in Copenhagen is offering a free meal to any guest who is able to produce electricity for the hotel on an exercise bike linked to a generator.分析：本句为复合句。who is able to.为定语从句，修饰先行词any guest，过去分词短语linked to a generator作名词bike的后置定语
10、。翻译：在哥本哈根的皇冠广场酒店正在向所有能够通过骑与发电机相连的健身自行车为酒店发电的客人提供一顿免费的晚餐。24A考查推理判断。根据第一段中的The idea is to get people fit and reduce their carbon footprint.可知，这个想法是让人们健身的同时，减少他们的碳排放量。由此可判断出目的是推广酒店的绿色环保理念。25B考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句话可知，通过骑自行车为酒店发电的客人才能得到免费餐。26C考查细节理解。根据第二段中的Only guests staying at the hotel will be able to take
11、part可知，只有住在该酒店的客人才能参加。27D考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句话中的36% of locals cycle to work each day，one of the highest percentages in the world可知，在哥本哈根骑自行车上班的人的比例为36%，这一比例在全世界为最高之一。A(2017浙江省高考模拟)There is always no lack of ordinary people taking action for extraordinary change.Aghan Oscar is just among them.Thirteen yea
12、rs ago，Aghan，bothered by the everincreasing quantity of plastic waste in this lowincome suburb of Nairobi，decided to find a way to recycle it.Now his company，Continental Renewable Energy Co.Ltd (COREC)，produces poles for use in construction，farming and road signs.So far hes sold 96，000，and he says h
13、is potential for growth is limited only by the considerable expense of setting up plastic recycling plants.Most of Aghans customers are farmers and developers who once used wooden fence poles.Customers say they have other benefits as well.“ I have fenced my piece of land three times using wood posts
14、，but most of the time the fence was vandalized(故意破坏) by villagers who used the posts as firewood，” said Caleb Kapten.“Now plastic posts have stopped the problem，”he said.The Kenya National Highways Authority is one of CORECs biggest customers.It approached the company after road signs were vandalize
15、d by criminals who sold the metal poles to steel manufacturing companies.Aghan reckons (估计)that CORECs products have saved the government millions of shillings，besides preventing road accidents.And he also points out that COREC has been able to conserve large numbers of trees by producing plastic po
16、les.When Aghan started this recycling business in 2003，most of his employees were his family members due to financial constraints (限制)Now he employs 250 young people to collect plastic waste.Fifty more youths work on the production line，where the waste is sorted according to quality before being cru
17、shed and washed，melted and cast into different shapes.The poles are then arranged by shape and size for sale in the yard of the recycling plant.【语篇解读】本文为记叙文，涉及垃圾回收再利用的话题。受日益增多的塑料垃圾所扰的Aghan创办了自己的公司来解决这个问题，他们回收利用废弃塑料来生产塑料杆儿，用于建筑、农业和交通领域。1Whats the biggest challenge of Aghans future career?AThe poor te
18、chnology in recycling.BThe high cost of building factories.CThe increasing piles of plastic waste.DThe limited policy support in recycling.B考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“his potential for growth is limited only by the considerable expense of setting up plastic recycling plants”可知，Aghan未来事业面临的最大挑战是建造塑料回收工厂的费用过高，故选B
19、。2How was Caleb Kaptens problem finally solved?AHe gave up fencing his land.BHe guarded the land more carefully.CHe replaced the wood posts with plastic ones.DHe got some donated metal posts.C考查细节理解。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“Now plastic posts have stopped the problem”可知Caleb Kapten的问题因使用塑料杆儿来代替木杆儿而得到解决，故选C。3What
20、 does the last paragraph suggest?AGreat difficulty facing Aghan.BStrict standards of plastic poles.CVarious ways of making plastic poles.DThe complex process of recycling plastic waste.D考查推理判断。根据最后一段的内容，尤其是“he employs 250 young people to collect plastic waste”“Fifty more youths work on the productio
21、n line，where the waste is sorted according to quality before being crushed and washed，melted and cast into different shapes.The poles are then arranged by shape and size for sale in the yard of the recycling plant”可知，将废弃塑料回收再利用需要耗费巨大的人力，其过程复杂繁琐，故选D。 B 【导学号：38144005】(2017浙江温州2月模拟)We love the sea.We s
22、wim into it，live near it，build beside it，and even imagine about living under the sea.But were terrified of it，too.For much of our history，we have turned to “ hard engineering” to control the marine (海洋的) environment and manage its influence on us.We build dams，sea walls and channels.But all these ef
23、forts seem to fail.The sea has a habit of taking back its own.And we suffer.Johnston，a marine ecologist，is advocating for “ blue engineering” the marine version of the“green engineering” movement on land that has seen nations like Singapore building the walls and roofs of the concrete jungle with pl
24、ant life.We are expanding further into the marine environment.This practice does harm to marine ecosystems.Were loving the sea to death，but weve not been thinking about design of structures(建筑物)with respect to ecology.Some coastal structures create shade，which reduces the growth of seaweed.Bright li
25、ghts at night confuse species such as turtles.Thats why “blue engineering” comes in.Throughout the world people are starting to turn things around.Researchers with the World Harbour Project are creating tiles(瓦片) similar to the natural structures found on rocky shores with 3D printing technology.The
26、se make more attractive homes for marine creatures.Researchers are also actively seeding these tiles with local seaweed and creatures such as the Sydney rock oyster，which is particularly good at improving water quality.Twelve harbours around the world are taking part in this marine tile experiment，e
27、ach working with their own unique marine life.Its a far cry from the days when huge numbers of old tyres were thrown into the sea to build the “ artificial reef (礁)”Those clumsy early attempts are now costing millions to remove，showing just how far we have yet to go in understanding how best to coha
28、bit with the underwater world.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，文章中作者讲述了救助海洋项目中的“blue engineering”及其优点。4What do we know about“hard engineering”？AIt has improved the sea environment.BIt can control the influence of sea.CIt has failed to achieve its purpose.DIt makes living under the sea impossible.C考查细节理解。根据第一段的描述“For
29、much of our.But all these efforts seem to fail”可知，曾经采用“硬化工程”来试图控制海洋环境，控制海洋对我们的影响，但事实上看起来并不成功。5Para.3 is mainly about the to introduce the project of“blue engineering”AdrawbacksBreasonsCproceduresDmeasuresB考查段落大意。根据第三段中的“Thats whyblue engineering comes in”并结合全段内容可知，本段主要讲述了引进“海洋蓝色工程”的原因。6Which of the
30、following is a form of“blue engineering”？AConstructing buildings with plant life.BExpanding into marine environments.CCreating an artificial reef with old tyres.DBuilding structures benefiting sea creatures.D考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Researchers with the.good at improving water quality”可知，“海洋蓝色工程”主要的宗旨是保护海洋生态环
31、境，是对海洋生物有利的工程。干扰项分析根据第二段的“building the walls and roofs of the concrete jungle with plant life”可知，这是新加坡陆地“绿色工程”的做法，故排除A项；根据第三段的“We are expanding further into the marine environment”可知，人类过度开发了海洋，这不是“海洋蓝色工程”，故排除B项；根据第五段的“Its a far.old tyres were thrown into the sea to build theartificial reef(礁)”可知，过去的
32、这种做法对海洋生态环境有害，不属于“海洋蓝色工程”，故排除C项。CIn 2013 alone at least 20，000 African elephants were killed for their teeth.In South Africa over the last two years more than 2，200 rhinos were killed for their horns.These numbers are alarming，because current rates of illegal hunting are faster than birth rates，whic
33、h could lead to extinction of these ecologically important creatures in the environment.Indeed，some elephant and rhino populations are on track to be locally extinct within the next decade.If you are reading this，you may already be aware of these facts.But you might not know that wildlife traffickin
34、g(非法交易) not only threatens the existence of elephants and rhinos but is also leading to extinction of other species，such as tigers，tortoises，sea turtles，and the worlds most trafficked mammal (哺乳动物)pangolins(穿山甲)Pangolins are the only mammals that are entirely covered in tough scales(鳞)，which makes t
35、hem look very strong.But actually they are endangered mammals.There are eight different species of pangolins，four in Asia and four in Africa，and all are threatened with extinction.Although pangolins are protected throughout most of the countries where they live，high demand in East Asia，where the del
36、icious pangolin meat is considered a delicacy and where their scales are used in traditional medicines，is driving an illegal trade in both live animals and pangolin parts.The number of pangolin trafficking is shocking.Experts believe that over the last 10 years more than 1 million pangolins were tak
37、en from the wild.It is estimated that between 40，000 and 81，250 pangolins were killed for the illegal trade in 2013 alone.In February，the United States released a plan to deal with wildlife trafficking，which lays out the steps we will take to fight the illegal trade in wildlife，including pangolins.W
38、e are strengthening the carrying out of the plan; building international cooperation and contribution to protect wildlife; raising awareness to drive down the demand that is fuelling the illegal trade.Get involved and remember World Wildlife Day (March 3 )by spreading the plan.Use social media and t
39、ell everyone that now it is time to get serious about wildlife crime and end the demand that threatens species，big and small，from the huge elephant to the shy pangolin.语篇解读：由于人们的捕猎，一些物种濒临灭绝。本文号召人们行动起来，保护濒危物种。7How many endangered creatures are mentioned in the passage?A4.B5.C6.D7.C考查细节理解。根据第一、二段可知，文章
40、提到了大象、犀牛、老虎、陆龟、海龟、穿山甲六种濒临灭绝的动物。故选C项。8Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 3?AEight species of pangolins live on the same continent.BPangolins are not protected in most of their natural habitats.CThe scales of pangolins can be used as an ingredient for cooking.DHigh demand contribute
41、s to the illegal trade of pangolins in East Asia.D考查正误判断。根据第三段中的“high demand in East Asia.is driving an illegal trade in both live animals and pangolin parts”可知，高需求导致了东亚穿山甲非法交易的发生，即D项正确。9What can we know about the plan released by the US?ASocial media will be used to spread World Wildlife Day.BWheth
42、er the plan will be worked out remains to be seen.CThe US will work together with other countries to protect wildlife.DMore and more people are advised to increase their needs of pangolins.C考查推理判断。根据文章倒数第二段中的“We are strengthening the carrying out of the plan；building international cooperation and co
43、ntribution to protect wildlife；raising awareness to drive down the demand that is fuelling the illegal trade.”可知，美国将联合其他国家保护野生动物，即C项正确。10What is the authors intention of writing the passage?ATo inform us something about World Wildlife Day.BTo raise awareness of protecting endangered wildlife.CTo explain why pangolins are illegally traded in East Asia.DTo show how the United States is to fight the illegal trade in wildlife.B考查目的意图。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是增强人们保护濒危物种的意识，即B项正确。