1、2021高考英语高频短语词块梳理及阅读（五）一：短语词块梳理 break away from 脱离 take a deep breath 深吸一口气 hold ones breath 屏住呼吸 out of breath 上气不接下气 make a brief introduction 作一个简洁的介绍 fire brigade 消防队 bring up sb. 抚养某人 bring in sth. 引进 bring about changes 导致变化 browse through the books 随意浏览书籍 bump into sb. 撞上某人；偶遇某人 a bunch of flo
2、wers 一束花 burn sth. to the ground 把烧光 burst into tears 大哭起来 burst out crying bury oneself in sth. 埋头做某事=beburied in business hours 营业时间 none of ones business 不关某人的事 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事=bebusy with sth. press the button 按按钮21 call at sp.参观某地22 call on upon sb. 拜访某人；号召某人23 call off a meeting 取消会议=
3、cancela meeting24 calm down 镇静下来25 go on a camping trip 去野营26 on the campus 在大学校园里27 a candidate for a post/position/job某职位/工作的申请者/侯选人28 cannot help doing 禁不住做某事29 cannot help but do sth. 只能做某事30 cannot help to do sth. 无法帮忙做某事31 care about 关心，忧虑32 care for pop music 喜欢流行音乐33 take good care of 好好照顾34
4、 pursue an educational career 从事教育生涯35 carry on ones work 继续某人的工作36 carry out a plan 实施一项计划37 in case of fire 以防下雨；万一下雨38 in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话39 cash desk 收银台；柜台40 take a casual look at 随意地看一下二：阅读拔高训练Pinocchio may be just a character in a childrens fairy tale,but Spanish scientists at the Uni
5、versity of Granada recently investigated the so-called “Pinocchio effect” and found that our noses dont grow when we tell a lie,but actually shrink a bit.Dr Gmez Miln and his team developed a lie detector test that used thermography (温度记录法) to tell if people were lying,and found that whenever partic
6、ipants in their research were being untruthful,the temperature of the tip of their nose dropped up to 1.2,while the temperature of their forehead increased up to 1.5.Scientists also found that the temperature drop actually caused the nose to slightly shrink,although the difference is undetected by t
7、he human eye.“One has to think in order to lie,which raises the temperature of the forehead,”Dr Gmez Miln explained the findings.“At the same time we feel anxious,which lowers the temperature of the nose.”For this study,researchers asked 60 students to perform various tasks while their temperature i
8、s scanned by thermal imaging(热成像) technology.One of these tasks involved making a 3-to 4-minute call to their parents or a friend and telling a significant lie.Participants had to make up the lie themselves during the call.Interestingly,the thermal lie detector picked up the temperature difference i
9、n 80 percent of the test subjects,which is a better rate of success than that of any modern lie detector.“With this method we have achieved the increase of accuracy,” said Dr Gmez Miln,who added that law enforcement agencies could one day combine other lie detection technologies with thermal imaging
10、 to achieve better results.1.Why does the writer talk about Pinocchio in the first paragraph?A.To tell a fairy tale.B.To give an example.C.To talk about a scientist.D.To introduce the topic.2.What is the “Pinocchio effect”?A.Our noses will grow when we tell a lie.B.Our noses will shrink when we tell
11、 a lie.C.The temperature of the forehead falls if we lie.D.The temperature of the nose rises for anxiety.3.How did Dr Gmez Miln feel about the lie detector?A.Doubtful.B.Surprised.C.Confident.D.Puzzled.4.What lesson can we learn from the text?A.A lie will travel very hard.B.There are many ways to bri
12、ng a liar to light.C.A lie never lives to be old.D.Once a liar,always a liar.参考答案：1.D推理判断题。文章开头提到匹诺曹或许只不过是童话里的一个角色,接着用but转折,讲到西班牙格拉纳达大学的科学家最近对所谓的“匹诺曹效应”进行的调查及其结果。由此可推知,作者在第一段谈到匹诺曹是为了引出本文的话题。故选D项。2.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so-called
13、Pinocchio effect and found that our noses dont grow when we tell a lie,but actually shrink a bit”可知,所谓的“匹诺曹效应”就是当我们撒谎时,我们的鼻子会变长。故选A项。3.C推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,Gmez Miln博士认为通过这种方法,他们已经达到了提高准确性的目标,他还认为有朝一日执法机关可以将其他测谎技术与热成像结合起来,以取得更好的效果。由此可推知,Gmez Miln 博士对这款测谎仪很有信心。故选C项。4.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“who added that law enforcement agencies could one day combine other lie detection technologies with thermal imaging to achieve better results”可知,有朝一日执法机关可以将其他测谎技术与热成像结合起来,由此可推知,让说谎者暴露的方法有很多。故选B项。