1、语法填空 三1、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Disposing(处理) of waste has been a problem since humans started producing it. As more and more people choose to live close together in cities, the waste disposal problem becomes _(increase) difficult. During the eighteenth century, it was usual for several nei
2、ghboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot _a dump site(垃圾场). People_(transport) household rubbish, rotted wood, and old possessions to the site. Regularly some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried. The _(pleasant) sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived clos
3、e by. Factories mills (制造厂), and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of. Those located on rivers often just dumped the unwanted _(remaining) into the water. Others built huge burners with chimneys to deal with the problem. Several facts make these choices _(accept) to modern society
4、. The first problem is space. Dumps, _are now called landfills, are most needed in heavily populated areas. Such areas rarely have empty land suitable for this purpose. The land is either too expensive or too close to residential neighborhoods. A long distance dump has been a common practice, _once
5、farm areas are refusing to accept rubbish from elsewhere, cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is nonexistent. _(aware) of pollution dangers has resulted in more strict rules of waste disposal. Pollution of rivers, ground water, land and air is a price people can no longer pay to
6、get rid of waste. The amount of waste, however, continues to grow. _(recycle) efforts have become commonplace, and many towns require their people to take part. Even the most efficient recycling programs, however, can hope to deal with only about 50 percent of a citys reusable waste.2、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1
7、个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When I first heard about the Belt and Road Initiative ( 带一路”),I thought about something simple and straightforwardlike a fragrant cup of tea. For centuries,tea has brought _(culture) communities and people closer together. In the past centuries, tea _(connect) economies through tr
8、ade and investment. The Belt and Road Initiative holds a similar promise, _is about connecting cultures,communities, economies, and people. It is about reviving ancient trade routes and _( build) new ones. It is also about adding a new economic flavor by setting up infrastructure(基础建设) projects base
9、d on 21st century expertise and standards. Delivering on this promise is not an easy task, _doing so could bring great benefits. First, high-quality infrastructure could help stimulate potential global _( grow) ,and increase the incomes of millions of people. As a Chinese proverb _( go ),“ To become
10、 rich, one must first build roads”A second benefit is greater inclusiveness. Think of improved roads in rural areas that can raise productivity, and access _health services. By sharing the benefits of investment and knowledge more broadly,growth will be _(strong) and more inclusive. A third benefit
11、is closer economic cooperation. This would help boost global trade,investment and financial cooperation,making _easier to share the benefits of growth more widely. All this is good for consumers,good for productivity and good for poverty reduction.3、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TCM, or Traditiona
12、l Chinese Medicine, is a profound (深远的) pathway to create the life you truly want to live and the life you were born to live. Its a timeless bridge, _1_can start and support _2_ (grow) in every life dimensionphysical, mental and emotional.TCM has an ancient but completely modern healing system and i
13、t has the power to unlock your true potential and help you develop and use your own unique talents. _3_ (it) wisdom and ability to understand individual health needs empowers each person with a way _4_ (unite) body, mind and spirit-the foundation for lasting and authentic health. TCM teaches you how
14、 to live _5_ balanced and harmonious life.Its true _6_ TCM is one of the oldest healing systems on the planet. It has _7_ (actual) been in continuous practice for thousands of years. How can something so old still work for people living today?TCM can _8_ (apply) to help heal anyone no matter what ye
15、ar it is because its rooted in unchanging natural law, which has its source beyond time. The unique medicine grew out of _9_ (observe) carefully how everything in reality functions at the deepest, invisible levels and interacts with the surface or visible physical levels. Its the medicine of extraor
16、dinary relationships. Every TCM principle _10_ (reflect) and harmonizes with the relationships that exist within natural law.4、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The makeup of British families has changed_(rapid) over the last two hundred years. The traditional family structure (结构)before the Industri
17、al Revolution was the extended family in _three generations lived under one roof. The early twentieth century saw the_( grow) of the nuclear familyparents and a small number of_( child) would form a single family. In the last thirty years, however, the UK_( see) a breakdown of the typical nuclear fa
18、mily. Increased divorce rates, later marriage and a move away from marriage altogether have resulted_new forms of family ; divorced parents will develop new relationships and take their kids with them. A survey_( conduct) by researchers shows that over 50% of kids are now born to parents who are not
19、 married. Some minority communities stick to the extended family structure, and it is common_(find) that three generations are living together in an Indian family. They say that apart from strengthening traditional family ties,_can provide security for older people when they cannot work anymore. The
20、y believe that the phenomenon of other old people living in care homes _(indicate) that many old people in the wider community are abandoned in their old age.5、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Each time I take the underground I find myself _(surround) by dozens of passengers playing smartphones. The
21、y almost wont even give a glance at the outside world. You may think it is normal to play smartphones _(kill) time. Whats worse,when I talk with some of my friends, they talk as playing, which is really an _(annoy). I really miss the old days when I _(chat) with some passengers on the train. Now thi
22、ngs are different. Everyone just concentrates _their smartphones. When talking with them, _seems that you are disturbing their playing smartphones. I could not just blame them for I am moving to be one like them. Sometimes I just feel we _(large) ignore our neighbors and want to keep in touch with _
23、(distance) strangers through the Internet. We care about the things far away but pay no attention to the needs nearby. _ridiculous the situation is! In a way we _(control) by smartphones now. Are you experiencing the same situation like me? Do you have any ways to avoid that?6、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括
24、号内单词的正确形式。Becoming a famous person is the dream of many，and Tian is getting _(close) to that dream. Tian，30， is a white-collar worker in Beijing. On short video application Douyin，Tian has more than 2 000 fans.On her page on Douyin，Tian shares everything from her sons _ (day) activities，to her pet d
25、ogs，to little skits(小喜剧) _ (create) by her and her hiLsband.“Making funny videos，and including them with music is really interesting，” Tian said. “Of course，I make the videos for fun because it is quite relaxing.” Chinas short video market _ ( see) explosive growth. The report said that Chinas short
26、 video market was valued _ 5, 73 billion yuan in 2017, an increase of 184 percent. The industry value is predicted _ (go) beyond the 30 billion mark in 2020.“Short videos are _ ( extreme) popular because they are opposite to traditional audio and video content on the Internet，” said Sun Jiashan. Fan
27、s say that _ short videos help them “chill out” from a stressed lifestyle.“My favorite videos are all about _ (pet)，” said Zhou Na, a nurse. “After a whole days work， watching the 15-second videos makes me laughs _ relieves my pressure.7、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There lived an old man _(name
28、) Mr. Benson in a small town. He had a big scar on his face _made him look a little scary. No one talked to him. Mr. Benson didnt have any friends and he was not married. One day,a new family moved into the neighborhood. They were a nice couple,Mr. and Mrs. Clarence,and their children,Amanda and Dav
29、id. Other people _(welcome) the new family. And they told them not to talk to Mr. Benson for his strange scar. The family thought this was very silly. They always said hello to Mr. Benson _a smile, Mr. Benson was very happy _(see) them. He told them they were always welcome in his home. Amanda and D
30、avid liked to sit and drink tea with : him. He told wonderful stories! One evening, all the _(neighbor) in the building heard laughter and the sounds of cups and plates : in Mr. Bensons apartment. They were very confused! It sounded like a _(delight) dinner. They all wondered why they were not invit
31、ed. The next day, Mrs. Clarence talked to her neighbors. “You _(real) must get to know Mr. Benson. He is so funny! And he is a good chef. He toldus the _(amaze) story of his scar. He had an accident when he was helping his parents on their farm. ” The neighbors all felt very silly. They did not know
32、 anything about Mr. Benson. They all started to follow _example.8、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A neighborhood watch is an _(organize) group of people who have volunteered to help prevent crime in their neighbourhood. They do this by _(keep) an eye on their neighbors households, patrolling the str
33、eets and contacting the police when they see wrong _(activity). Neighbourhood watches have _of history, but they _(introduce) to modem American cities after the public was shocked _(hear) how a woman was murdered in New York city while a number of witnesses stood by and did nothing _(recent), howeve
34、r, some people have strongly objected to the organization after n neighborhood watchman shot to death a black teenager, _was on his way home in the evening. The shooting has led to a new suggestion _neighborhood watchmen shouldnt carry guns while on patrol. Many neighborhood watch committees disagre
35、e _this idea, saying that it will discourage volunteers from patrolling more dangerous districts. Besides, since Florida state law allows the carrying of guns, such advice is useless.答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：increasingly; as; transported/ would transport; unpleasant; remains; unacceptable; which; but; awaren
36、ess; recycling解析：【1题详解】increasingly 考查副词用法。文中表示越来越困难,修饰形容词difficult,故用副词形式。 【2题详解】as 考查介词。句意:在18世纪,几个相邻的城镇通常会一起选择一个偏远的地点作为垃圾场。as作介词意为“作为,当作”。 【3题详解】transported/ would transport 考查谓语动词的时态。人们把垃圾运送到垃圾场。讲的是18世纪的事,故用一般过去时或过去将来时。 【4题详解】unpleasant 考查形容词。根据上文,满地垃圾的场面和发散的气味是难闻的,故用unpleasant。 【5题详解】remains 考查
37、名词。把不想要的垃圾倒入河水里,故用名词remains。 【6题详解】unacceptable 考查形容词。句意:几个事实使这些选择不被现代社会所接受。故用unacceptable。这里用形容词作make的宾语补足语。 【7题详解】which 考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。句意:Dumps,现在被称作landfills(垃圾填筑地)。非限制性定语从句的先行词为事物dumps,故用which来代指dumps。 【8题详解】but 考查上下文联系。上句说在郊外建造的垃圾场现在是一种常见的措施,下句写农场一旦拒绝倾倒垃圾,那么这种造价低的垃圾场就不存在了。上下句为转折,故用but。 【9题详解】Aw
38、areness 考查名词辨析。该句指污染危险的意识已经促使制定了更加严格的垃圾处理制度。空白处在句中作主语,故用名词awareness。 【10题详解】Recycling 考查动名词。回收利用方面的举措已经成为了常态。空白处起修饰作用表用途,故用动名词 Recycling。 2答案及解析：答案：cultures; has connected; which; building; but; growth; goes; to; stronger; it解析：本文介绍了中国提出的一个伟大的全球发展规划:“一带路”。1.cultures考査名词单复数。根据语境和句子中的communities可知cult
39、ure也要用其复数形式,表示“各国文化”。2.has connected考査动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In the past centuries可知应该用现在完成时;主语tea是不可数名词,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。3.which考査定语从句,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰的先行词是a similar promise,关系词在定语从句中作主语,所以要用关系代词 which。4. building考査非谓语动词。并列连词and连接两个形式的词reviving和building,作介词about的宾语。5.but考査连词。句意:履行这个诺言并不是一件容易的事,但是这么做能带来巨大的好处
40、。设空处前后是转折关系,且设空处后没有逗号,应该用but连接。6.growth考査词性转换,设空处前是形容词global,所以此处要用其名词形式。7.goes考査动词时态和主谓一致。句意:正如一个中国谚语说的那样 。设空处是从句的谓语动词,从句的主语是第三人称单数形式, 时态是一般现在时,所以答案为goes。8.to考査介词。根据固定搭配access to可知答案为to。access to意为:的机会;的权利;可以使用。9.stronger考査形容词比较级。本句中第二个并列连词and连接两个形容词的比较级stronger和more inclusive。10.it考査代词。分析句子结构可知,设空
41、处是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语to share.,所以答案为it。 3答案及解析：答案：1. which 2. growth 3. Its 4. to unite 5. a 6. that 7. actually 8. be applied 9. observing 10. reflects解析： 【1题详解】考查定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词是a timeless bridge，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which引导。故填which。【2题详解】考查名词。此处做start和support的宾语，意为“开始并支持成长”，应使用名词。故填growth。【3题详解
42、】考查形容词性物主代词。此处指“它的智慧和能力”，应使用形容词词性物主代词。故填Its。【4题详解】考查不定式。此处指“有一种方法来统一身体、思想和精神持久和真正的健康的基础”，way“方式，方法”，常用不定式做定语。故填to unite。【5题详解】考查不定冠词。固定短语：live alife“过着一种的生活”。故填a。【6题详解】考查主语从句。此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句，从句不缺成分，应使用只起连接作用的代词that引导。故填that。【7题详解】考查副词。此处修饰动词been，应使用副词形式。故填actually。【8题详解】考查被动语态。句意：中医可以被应用于帮助治愈任
43、何人。根据句意，此处应使用被动语态。故填be applied。【9题详解】考查现在分词。此处位于介词of后且表动作，应使用现在分词。故填observing。【10题详解】考查主谓一致。“every+名词单数”做主语时，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填reflects。 4答案及解析：答案：rapidly; which ; growth; children ; has seen; in; conducted; to find ; it; indicates解析：【1题详解】考查副词。句意：在过去的200年里，英国人的家庭组成结构发生了快速的变化。在英语中通常使用副词修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个
44、句子。本句中句中changed是动词，要用副词修饰。所以要填 rapidly。【2题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在工业革命前英国传统的家庭结构是三代居住在一起的大家庭。本句是一个定语从句，应该使用关系代词指代先行词family，并在定语从句中做介词in的宾语，用关系代词which。所以要填which。【3题详解】考查名词。句意：二十世纪初期建筑了核心家庭的成长。句中saw是及物动词，后接名词作宾语。growth是动词grow的名词形式。所以要填 growth。【4题详解】考查名词复数。句意：父母亲和孩子们形成了单个的家庭。child是可数名词，其前有a number of修饰时要用复数形式。所以
45、要填 children。【5题详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去三十年里，英国见证了核心家庭的破裂。根据时间状语In the last thirty years要用现在完成时态，且主语UK是单数形式，助动词用has。所以要填 has seen。【6题详解】考查动词固定搭配。句意：越来越高的离婚率、晚婚晚育等原因导致了核心家庭的破裂。动词短语 in意为引起， 导致，是固定搭配。所以句中要填 in【7题详解】考查过去分词。句意：研究人员进行的一项调查显示百分之50的孩子是由未婚的父母亲所生的。句中名词survey与conduct之间是动宾关系，要用过去分词短语conducted by researc
46、hers作定语。所以要填 conducted【8题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：在印度家庭里三代人生活在一起是很常见的。句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语to find that three generations are living together in an Indian family。所以要填 to find【9题详解】考查代词。句意：他们说除了加强传统家庭联系以外，大家庭还可以给不再工作的老人提供安全。句中it指代前文中提到的the extended family structure，使用要填 it。【10题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：他们认为老人生活在护理中心说明很多社区
47、里的老人在年老的时候被抛弃了。主语phenomenon是单数形式，且表示一般事实，谓语动词也应用单数形式。所以要填 indicates。 5答案及解析：答案：surrounded; to kill; annoyance; chatted; on; it; largely; distant; How; are controlled解析：1.surrounded 考査过去分词。本句考査了find sb. +宾补 的结构,myself与surround是逻辑上的动宾关系,因此用过去分词作宾补。2.to kill考査不定式。本句中it是形式主语,真正主语是to play smartphones,此处应
48、用不定式作目的状语。3.annoyance考査名词。这真的是一件令人生气的事。句中缺少名词作表语,故用annoy的名词形式,表示使人烦恼的事,令人生气的事物。4.chatted考查时态。依据句中的the old days可知,此处描述发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时。注意:chat要双写t，再加-ed。5.on考查介词。每个人只把注意力放在自己的手机上。 concentrate on. ”集中(注意力)于,聚精会神于。6.it考査代词。本句考査了 it seems that.句式。7.largely 考査副词。空处修饰动词ignore,因此用副词,意为在很大程度上。8.distant考査形容词。
49、由句意和空后的名词可以推断出此处用形容间作定语,distant”遥远的”。9.How考查副词。空处修饰形容词ridiculous,该句为How引导的感叹句型:How +形容词+主语+谓语。10.are controlled考杳时态和语态在某种程度上,我们现在被手机控制了。we与control是被动关系,再结合后面的now 可知,此处应用are controlled。 6答案及解析：答案：1.客观填空 closer2.客观填空 daily3.客观填空 created4.客观填空 has seen5.客观填空 at6.客观填空 to go7.客观填空 extremely8.客观填空 the9.客观
50、填空 pets10.客观填空 which解析：1.closer考查形容词的比较级。【解题思路】根据语境可知，此处表示Tian离这个梦想更近了，暗含比较的意思，故用close的比较级。 故填closer。2.daily考査词性转换。【解题思路】此处应用形容词修饰名词“activities”。 故填daily。3.created考査非谓语动词。【解题思路】动词create与主语“skits”之间是被动关系，再结合空格后的“by”可知，此处应用过去分词作后置定语。故填created。4.has seen考査动词的时态和主谓一致。【解题思路】根据语境可知，此处指中国的短视频市场已经呈现出了爆炸式增长，
51、应用现在完成时；主语 “Chinas short video market”是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has seen。5.at考查介词。【解题思路】“be valued at +价格”是固定表达，意为 “估价为”。故填at。6.to go考査非谓语动词。【解题思路】be predicted to do sth.是固定搭配，意为 “被预测做某事故填to go。7.extremely考查词性转换。【解题思路】此处应用副词修饰形容词“popular”。故填extremely。8.the考査冠词。【解题思路】根据语境可知，此处特指“那些短视频”， 应用定冠词。故填the。9.pets
52、考査名词的复数。【解题思路】pet是可数名词，再根据本句中的 “favorite videos”可知，此处应该是不止只宠物的视频，应用所给名词的复数形式。故填pets。10.which 考査定语从句。【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，应用which引导该从句。故填which。 7答案及解析：答案：named; that/which; welcomed; with; to see; neighbors; delightful; really; amazing; the解析：【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。Benson先生因为脸上有伤症而被邻居排挤。但新
53、搬来的Clarence 家人却与他相处得非常融洽。其他邻居在了解真相之后也消除了对Benson先生的偏见。1.named考查非谓语动词。【解题思路】句意为:一位名叫Bensoii的老先生住在一个小镇上。该句的谓语动词是“lived”,此处应用非谓语动词形式;主语“an old man”和name之间是被动关系,应用name的过去分词形式作后置定语。 故填named。2.that/which考査定语从句。【解题思路】分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,先行间是“scar”,指物,应用 that或which引导该从句。故填that/which。3.welcomed 考査动词的时态
54、。【解题思路】根据全文内容可知,本文叙述的是过去发生的事情,所以此处应用一般过去时。故填 welcomed。4.with考查介词。【解题思路】根据语境可知,此处指他们总是面带微笑跟Benson先生打招呼。with意为“带着(表情)”,符合语境。故填with。5.to see考査非谓语动词。【解题思路】be happy to do sth.是固定用法,意为“乐于做某事”。故填to see。6.neighbors考查名词的复数。【解题思路】neighbor是可数名词;根据该句中的“all”和“in the building”可知,此处指这栋楼里的所有邻居,应用所给词的复数形式。故填neighbor
55、s。7.delightful考査词性转换。【解题思路】空格处应用形容词修饰名词“dinner”。根据语境可知,此处指令人愉快的晚餐。故应用所给词的形容词形式delightful。故填delightful。8.really考查词性转换。【解题思路】此处应用副词修饰动同短语“get to know。故填 really。9.amazing考査词性转换。【解题思路】空格处应用形容词作定语修饰名词“story”。根据语境可知,此处指令人惊奇的故事。故填 amazing。10.the考査冠词。【解题思路】example在此处意为“榜样”,是可数名词,此处指“Clarence 家人所做的榜样”,表特指,应用
56、定冠词。故填 the。 8答案及解析：答案：organized ; keeping ; activities ; a ; were introduced ; to hear ; Recently ; who ; that ; with解析：【1题详解】考查非谓语动词。group of people与organize之间是被动关系,用过去分词作定语,所以填organized。 【2题详解】考查非谓语动词。由介词by,可知此处应用动词的ing形式,所以填keeping。 【3题详解】考查名词单复数。文中表示“错误的活动”,是复数意义,用名词复数,所以填activities。 【4题详解】考查冠词的
57、用法。句意:邻里监督有着一段悠久的历史。文中泛指“一段悠久的历史”,long的首字母发音是辅音,所以填不定冠词a。 【5题详解】谓语动词的时态和语态。表示发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时,“它们”和“介绍”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,所以填were introduced。 【6题详解】考查非谓语动词。be shocked to do sth. 对做某事感到震惊,该用法是固定用法,所以填to hear。 【7题详解】考查副词的用法。该空位于句首,修饰整个句子,用副词,所以填Recently。 【8题详解】考查非限制性定语从句。_8_ was on his way home in the evening.是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词为a black teenager,关系词在从句中作主语,指人,that不能引导非限制性定语从句,所以填who。 【9题详解】考查同位语从句。_9_ neighborhood watchmen shouldnt carry guns while on patrol.是一个同位语从句,引导词在从句中不作任何成分,也没有实际意义,所以填that。 【10题详解】考查固定短语。句意:许多邻里监督委员会不同意这一观点。disagree with不同意,该短语是固定短语,所以填with。