1、2021届高考英语高频阅读词组+练习（八）一：词组梳理1 对产生有利/不利的影响 exertpositive/ negative effects on2 利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages3 导致，引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in4 复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon5 责任感 / 成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense ofachievement6 竞争与合作精神 sense of
2、competition and cooperation7 开阔眼界 widen ones horizon/ broaden ones vision8 学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills9 经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychologicalburden10 考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration11 comply with （=act in accordance with a demand， order， rule etc） 遵守， 依从12 conceive
3、of （think of， imagine， consider） 想象，设想13 concentrate on （or upon） 集中，专心14 be concerned with （=about） 与有关15 concern oneself about with 关心16 in conclusion（=as the last thing）最后一点； at the conclusion of 当结束时；17 condemn sb to 判决18 on condition that （=if）以为条件， 假如。 in that = because因为； now that = since既然 f
4、or all that = although 尽管19 in out of condition （=thoroughly healthy or fit not fit） 健康状况好不好 in good （bad） condition处于良好（坏）状态20 confess（to）（=admit a fault， crime， or sth wrong）承认， 供认； confess to a crime 承认罪行。21 confide in （=to talk freely to sb about ones secret）对讲真心话，依赖22 in confidence 推心置腹地； with
5、confidence 满怀信心地； have confidence in 对有信心23 confidence in sb sth 对的信赖24 be confident of 有信心； confidential 机密的25 confineto 把限制在某范围内26 confirm sb in 使某人更坚定（信念等）27 conform to （=be in agreement with， comply with） 符合，遵照，遵守；）obey 服从； ） observe； ）comply with照办； ）keep to遵循； ）abide by服从；）stick to按做28 be conf
6、ronted with（=be brought face to face with） 面对， 面临29 congratulate sb on 祝贺30 in connection with（=with regard to）关于，31 be conscious of（=be aware of）觉察，知道32 consent to（=give agreement to permission）同意33 in consequence （=as a result） 结果34 in consequence of （=as a consequence of）由于的结果35 under considerati
7、on 在考虑中36 in consideration of （=in return for， on account of， because of ）由于37 on no consideration（in no case）无论如何也不38 takeinto consideration （=take account of， takeinto account）考虑到， 把 考虑进去39 considerate （=thoughtful of the needs） 体贴的， 考虑他人需要的， considerable相当大的，值得考虑的40 consist of（=be composed of）由组成
8、的。 consist in主要在于。 consist with符合，与一致二：习题训练（A）These days, many people are concerned about plastic waste; however, the convenience and cost of plastic food packaging are hard to beat. But now, a growing number of inventors are trying to make edible (可食用的) packaging and tableware from foods like seawe
9、ed, milk proteins and potato starch, according to an article in Chemical & Engineering News, the weekly newsmagazine of the American Chemical Society.Edible films, wrappers and straws have already found a specialty market and are starting to attract attention from larger food and beverage companies,
10、 according to freelance contributor Prachi Patel. At the 2019 London Marathon, the start-up company Notpla handed out sports drink, packaged in seaweed-based capsules, to thirsty runners. Although the packaging is safe to swallow, runners can choose to spit out the film. In that case, it breaks down
11、 in only 4-6 weeks. The New York-based company Loliware is making seaweed-based straws that feel like plastic for 24 hours after getting wet. Once used, they can be eaten, or they will break down in the environment within 2 months. Marriott Hotels and alcoholic-beverage firm Pernod Ricard have alrea
12、dy started using the straws.Although edible packaging is gaining ground, challenges remain. Some worry about the hygiene (卫生) of eating packaging that has been touched or exposed to germs during transport or while sitting on the shelf. Experts agree that edible packaging will require an outer layer,
13、 but these materials could also be made from sustainable materials, such as paper. Another obstacle is public acceptance: will people eat something that is usually thrown away? Consumers could perhaps be convinced if the packaging includes nutrients, such as vitamins or proteins, or just tastes good
14、. And finally, improvements in heat and moisture stability need to be made before edible packaging can enjoy widespread use.1What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 1?APlastic is convenient and cheap.BPeople are concerned about plastic.CSeaweed can be widely used as wrappers.DNew food pa
15、ckaging is catching more attention.2Which of the following can best describe Notpla?AIt is a computer company.BIt produces edible straws.CIt is run by Prachi Patel.DIts a newly founded company.3What is implied in the third paragraph?AEdible packaging may cause more pollution.BIt takes time for edibl
16、e packaging to be popular.CNo one but experts support edible packaging.DEdible packaging will certainly replace plastic.4What can be the best title of this text?AEdible Food PackagingBEnvironmental IssuesCBrand New InventionsDThe Food of the Future（B）A recent report suggested that an average person
17、checks his or her cell phone 150 times a day. 1They may not know using their cell phones may put themselves or their loved ones in danger.2At least 200,000 car accidents were caused by texting messages.3A survey done by the Pew Institute suggested that Americans in the age range of 18 to 29 years ol
18、d send 88 text messages a day. When youre walking home from work, you dont need your head-phones making loud noises in your ears. There is a much greater place to create positive emotions that will make us happier and much more fulfilled. Those emotions are within us, and by blocking these feelings
19、with all of our latest technologies, we may be harming ourselves.4We need to take back control of our minds and stop compulsively checking our emails, Facebook updates, and text messages. I think we can live a happier life if we pay more attention to ourselves and the people we are speaking with. 5
20、Think about what parents are doing to childrens emotional well-being when they focus on their cell phones rather than their children.If you are playing with your children in the park, be totally attentive to what they are doing. If you are in a business meeting and someone is speaking, listen to eve
21、rything they say. AYour cell phone is not part of your body.BHuman beings are glued to their cell phones.CCell phones have brought great convenience to us.DPeople addicted to cell phones are even not aware of their safety.E. How many relationships are lost because of a lack of communication?F. Using
22、 cell phones too much may be linked to depressions and anxiety.G. Statistics show 28 percent of car accidents occur from people using cell phones.答案及解析A【答案】DDBA【解析】这是一篇说明文。一些发明人员正在研究可食用包装，以代替塑料包装，从而减少污染，但可食用包装的卫生状况以及营养与否却引起了人们的担忧。1推理判断题。由第一段中的最后一句“But now, a growing number of inventors are trying to
23、 make edible (可食用的) packaging and tableware from foods like seaweed, milk proteins and potato starch, according to an article in Chemical & Engineering News, the weekly newsmagazine of the American Chemical Society.”可知，根据在美国化学协会每周新闻杂志化学与工程新闻中的一篇文章可知，但是，越来越多的发明家正在尝试用海藻、牛奶蛋白和马铃薯淀粉等食物来制作可食用的包装和餐具。由此可见，
24、作者想要告诉我们，新的食品包装正在引起更多的关注。结合选项可知，选项D正确。2细节理解题。由第二段中的第二句“At the 2019 London Marathon, the start-up company Notpla handed out sports drink, packaged in seaweed-based capsules, to thirsty runners.”可知，在2019伦敦马拉松比赛，创业公司Notpla用海草型胶囊包装的运动饮料给口渴的运动员。由此可见，Notpla是一家新成立的公司。结合选项可知，选项D正确。3推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句“And fina
25、lly, improvements in heat and moisture stability need to be made before edible packaging can enjoy widespread use.”可知，最后，在可食用食品包装能广泛使用之前，热湿稳定性还需要提升。由此可见，可食用食品包装还需花时间去普及使用。结合选项可知，选项B正确。4主旨大意题。由全文内容可知，第一段的最后一句“But now, a growing number of inventors are trying to make edible (可食用的) packaging and tablew
26、are from foods like seaweed, milk proteins and potato starch, according to an article in Chemical & Engineering News, the weekly newsmagazine of the American Chemical Society.”表达的是“根据在美国化学协会每周新闻杂志化学与工程新闻中的一篇文章可知，但是，越来越多的发明家正在尝试用海藻、牛奶蛋白和马铃薯淀粉等食物来制作可食用的包装和餐具。”第二段的第一句“Edible films, wrappers and straws
27、have already found a specialty market and are starting to attract attention from larger food and beverage companies, according to freelance contributor Prachi Patel.”表达的是“根据自由撰稿人布勒吉帕特尔，可食用包装膜，包装纸和吸管已经找到了专业市场，并且正在开始吸引更大的食品和饮料公司的注意力。”第三段的第一句“Although edible packaging is gaining ground, challenges rema
28、in.”表达的是“虽然可食用食品包装正在前进，但是挑战依然存在。”由此可见，全文都是在讲可食用食品包装。结合选项可知，选项A正确B【答案】DGBFE【解析】最近一份报告显示人们平均每天会看150次手机。然而，沉迷于手机会带来许多危险。数据表明28%的交通事故和人们使用手机有关。本文呼吁人们理性使用手机，将更多的注意力放在周围的人和自己的生活中。1根据后文中They may not know using their cell phones may put themselves or their loved ones in danger可知，使用手机可能会使得自己或者爱的人处于危险中。这里可以总结
29、两个关键词，也就是cell phones和danger。D选项中的关键词cell phones和safety符合语境，故选D。2根据前文They may not know using their cell phones may put themselves or their loved ones in danger.可知，使用手机会使得人们处于危险中。后文At least 200,000 car accidents were caused by texting messages.说发短信造成了至少200,000例汽车事故。G选项Statistics show 28 percent of car
30、 accidents occur from people using cell phones.（数据表明28%的汽车事故和人们使用手机有关）符合语境，起到了衔接前文、启示后文的作用。故选G。3根据后文A survey done by the Pew Institute suggested that Americans in the age range of 18 to 29 years old send 88 text messages a day.可知，调查显示18到29岁的年轻人一天要发88条短信，说明年轻人对手机的依赖非常严重。B选项Human beings are glued to t
31、heir cell phones.（人们被粘在手机上）也表明人们对手机的依赖，符合语境。故选B。4根据前文Those emotions are within us, and by blocking these feelings with all of our latest technologies, we may be harming ourselves.可知，人们用手机阻挡了快乐、积极的情感，那样会伤害自己。F选项中的depressions and anxiety和前文中的emotions相呼应，故选F。5根据前文I think we can live a happier life if w
32、e pay more attention to ourselves and the people we are speaking with.可知，作者呼吁人们把更多的注意力放在周围的人身上，放在和我们说话的人身上，这样我们才能拥有更幸福的生活。E选项 How many relationships are lost because of a lack of communication?（有多少人际关系因为缺少交流而淡漠了呢？）a lack of communication正和前文作者的呼吁“pay more attention to ourselves and the people we are speaking with”相对应。故选E。