1、Section Grammar & Writing情态动词 阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的用法1They could go anywhere they wished.2We could see the sun setting behind the white pagoda.3We shouldnt waste a drop of water.4It may be true.5He might have some fever.6Since it is raining，we have to stay indoors.7We must learn English well.8Must you list
2、en to the loud music at night?情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，但本身词义不完全，不能单独作谓语动词，必须和动词原形连用。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。每一个情态动词都有自己的具体含义和特点。1can(could)(1)表示能力(此时could为过去式)He can use the computer skillfully now，but he couldnt last year.他现在能熟练使用电脑了，但去年他不会。(2)表示推测(用于否定句和疑问句)That cant be Mary.Shes in hospital.那不可能是玛丽。她住院了。Someon
3、e is knocking at the door.Who can it be?有人在敲门，可能是谁呢？(3)表示许可和请求(could用来表示“请求”时，是委婉的说法，回答时只用can)Could I have a look at your new iPhone?我可以看一看你的新苹果手机吗？Of course，you can.当然可以。(4)用作肯定句中，表示某人/某物一时的特点，可译为“有可能，有时会”。Even experienced teachers can make mistakes.即使是有经验的教师也可能出错。名师点津can和be able to的异同(1)can表示能力，只用
4、现在时和过去时(could)，而be able to有各种时态。They will be able to tell you the news soon.他们很快就能告诉你那个消息了。(2)表示成功地做了某事，只能用was/were able to，而不能用could。The fire spread through the hotel very quickly，but everyone was able to get out.大火在整个宾馆内蔓延开来，但每个人都成功逃出来了。2may(might)(1)表示请求、许可。might语气更委婉一些。 You may take my dictionar
5、y as long as you dont keep it too long.只要使用时间不太长，你可以把我的词典拿走。名师点津如何回答may的问句may引导的疑问句，肯定回答用“Yes，you may.”；否定回答用“No，you mustnt./No，you cant./No，you had better not.”。May I watch TV after supper? 晚饭后我可以看电视吗？Yes，you may./No，you mustnt.是的，可以。/不可以。(2)may和might表示可能性不大的推测，但may比might可能性大，常用于肯定句和否定句，不能用于疑问句。常译为
6、“有可能”，may/might not意思是“可能不会”。Are you coming to Marys party?你打算去参加玛丽的聚会吗？Im not sure.I might/may go to the concert instead.不能确定。我有可能去参加音乐会。They might be having a meeting，but Im not sure.他们有可能在开会，不过我不确定。(3)may/might as well动词原形，意为“不妨”。If that is the case，you might as well try.如果事情是这样的，你不妨一试。3must(1)表示
7、必须。其否定形式为mustnt，意为“不许，禁止”。回答must的问句时，常用neednt/dont have to，表示“不必”。Your homework must be handed in before the class is over.你的作业必须在下课之前交上。The children have gone to bed.You mustnt make any noise.孩子们已经睡了。你们不准吵闹。Must we hand in our exercise books now?我们现在必须要交练习本吗？No，you neednt /dont have to.不，不必。(2)表示推测
8、。意为“肯定，一定”，只用于肯定句中。Janes light is on.She must be at home.She cant be out.简的房间里开着灯。她一定在家，不可能出去。(3)表示“偏要；坚持要”。常常表示与说话人愿望相反及不耐烦。If you must leave，do it quietly.如果你一定要离开，那就悄悄地走。名师点津must和have to的异同have to含义与must相似，两者往往可以互换使用，但must与have to有下列几点不同： (1)must表示说话人的主观看法，而have to 则往往强调客观需要。 (2)must一般用于一般现在时，hav
9、e to则有更多的时态形式。 I have to wait here because I have no umbrella with me.我不得不在这儿等，因为我没带伞。Everyone must keep the law.人人都要守法。4shall(1)用于第一、第三人称的疑问句中表示征求意见或请求指示。What shall we do this evening? 今晚我们做什么？Manager，someone is waiting for you.Shall he come in?经理，有人在等你，他可以进来吗？(2)用于第二、第三人称的陈述句表示说话人的意愿，有“命令、允诺、警告、威胁
10、和允许”等意思。You shall have my answer tomorrow.你明天可以得到我的答复。(允诺)You shall be sorry for it one day.总有一天你会对此后悔的。(警告)5should(1)表示义务。意为“应该”。You should be polite to your teachers.你对你的老师应该有礼貌。(2)表示推测。意为“想必一定；照说应该”。They should be there by now，I think.我想他们可能在那儿了。(3)表示惊异。意为“竟然”。Its surprising that Tom should cheat
11、 in the exam.汤姆竟然在考试中作弊，真是不可思议。6will(would)(1)表示意愿。用于各种人称的陈述句中。I will do anything for you.我愿为你做任何事。They would not let him in because he was poorly dressed.他们不让他进去，因为他衣着破旧。(2)表示请求。用于疑问句中。would语气更委婉。Will you please take a message for him? 你能给他带个口信吗？Would you mind cleaning the window?请你把窗户擦一下，好吗？(3)表示某
12、种倾向或习惯，would表示过去的习惯。The boy will sit there hour after hour looking at people going by.那个男孩常常坐在那里好几个钟头，看着人们走过。Every time she was in trouble，she would go to him for help.每次遇到麻烦，她都会向他求助。名师点津would和used to的区别(1)would表示过去习惯性的动作，不涉及现在的情况。Each time his mothers birthday came，he would buy her a present.每次到他母亲
13、生日的时候，他都要给她买一件礼物。(2)used to表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作或状态，现在已经不做了。He used to be late for school，but now he is used to getting up early.他过去常常上学迟到，现在他已习惯早起。.单句语法填空1It never occurred to me that she _ lie to me again.2. I think you _ like something to read，so I have brought you some books.3. _ I use your mobile phon
14、e for a call?4. Lisa hasnt lived here for long.She _ (not)know many people.5. You can keep the book for a month.After that you _ return it on time.6. Taking care of an elephant means that the keeper _ become part of the elephant family.7. I still remember my happy childhood when my mother _ take me
15、to Disneyland at weekends.8. Peter _ be really difficult to get along with at times even though hes a nice person in general.9. Where_ I pick you up，at your office or at your house?10. You _(not)play football in the street，for its too dangerous.【答案】1.should2.might/may3.Can/May4cant5.must6.must/shoul
16、d7.would8can9.shall10.mustnt.单句改错1. Could I borrow your book?Yes.Of course you could._2. You may be carefulthe traffic lights arent working. 【导学号：98180027】_3It has been announced that students will remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected._4. You havent eaten anything since mor
17、ning，so you can be hungry._5. The boy can speak three languages when he was 12 years old._【答案】1.第二个couldcan2.maymust3willshall4.canmust5.cancould地点介绍类说明文本模块的写作任务是写一篇介绍某个景点或某旅游胜地的文章，这种类型的文章属于地点介绍类说明文。写此类文章时应注意以下几点：1写作内容通常包括地理位置、面积、人口、气候特征、历史、特产等。也可适当融入人文风貌，简单介绍该地区的民间风俗及人们的生活方式等，但要抓住该地的主要特征，描写详略得当，不可面
18、面俱到。2写作时要遵循一定的顺序。描写时找准切入点，再由这个点展开(时间或空间顺序)，并准确运用体现方位的词汇。3时态常用一般现在时，人称常用第三人称。亮点句式1常用词汇和短语名胜古迹places of interest旅游胜地tourist attractions坐落于/位于( be)located in/lie in在的东面to/in/on the east of有人口with a population of有的悠久历史has a long history of追溯到date back to因/作为而闻名be wellknown for/as.欢迎来到 welcome to.到达/接近ge
19、t close to2. 介绍地理位置There is/stands/lies.lie/be located/situated.on/to/in the north of.It covers an area of about 35,000 square kilometers and has a history of over 6,000 years.It has a population of./Its population is.The climate is pleasant./The average temperature is.Hainan Province consists of Ha
20、inan Island and neighboring islands as well as wide sea areas.3景点描写With its pleasant climate，rich natural resources and picturesque scenery，.is one of Chinas major tourist cities.They make the city a tourist attraction both at home and abroad.Its a wonderful place with.Mount Wutai is not only famous
21、 for its fantastic natural landscape but also for its ancient buildings，historical relics and rich Buddhist culture.There are quite a lot of places of interest in Xian，such as the Terracotta Warriors and Horses，the Old City Wall and so on.The place is so beautiful.Its really beyond description.写作任务假
22、如你是李华，住在江城。你的加拿大笔友Bob来信谈到他所居住的城市，并希望了解你家乡江城的情况。请你用英语写一封回信。回信须包括下列内容：(1)自然情况：位于长江边，风景优美，适合居住；(2)成就：经济发展迅速，新建了不少工厂、住房和道路；(3)存在问题：水污染、空气污染，交通拥挤；(4)对江城发展的看法(内容由考生自己拟定)。注意：1.回信中不能使用“江城”以外的地名；2词数100左右；3参考词汇：economy n经济审题谋篇项目结论体裁说明文话题介绍江城的情况时态一般现在时为主人称第三人称遣词造句.词汇1位于长江边_2过去十年间_3建设，建造_4可利用_5在我看来_6处于控制下_【答案】1
23、.stand on the bank of the Changjiang River2.in/over the past ten years3.build/set up/ put up4.be available for5.in my opinion/view6.under control.句式1It is a beautiful place for people to live in and its economy has been developing rapidly in the past ten years.(用定语从句改写句子)_2I would also think that th
24、e growth of its population should be brought under control and well have a better hometown in future.(用状语从句改写句子)_【答案】1.It is a beautiful place for people to live in，whose economy has been developing rapidly in the past ten years.2I would also think that the growth of its population should be brought
25、 under control so that well have a better hometown in future.妙笔成篇_【参考范文】Dear Bob，Its very kind of you to write to me and let me know about your beautiful city.Now Id like to tell you something about my hometown Jiangcheng.The city stands on the bank of the Changjiang River.It is a beautiful place fo
26、r people to live in，whose economy has been developing rapidly in the past ten years.New factories，houses and roads have been built.More schools and hospitals are available for its people.However，there are still some problems，such as water and air pollution and heavy traffic in rush hours.In my opini
27、on，Jiangcheng should develop its economy scientifically.I would also think that the growth of its population should be brought under control so that well have a better hometown in future.Yours，Li Hua学业分层测评.完成句子1杰克病了，所以他们不得不改变计划。Jack is ill，so they _ their plans.2亨利一整天都在看书，他可能累了。Henry has been readin
28、g all day.He _.3你非要吃饭的时候说那么多话吗？_ so much over meal?4你应该按照你老师说的去做。You _ as your teacher tells you to.5这个男孩12岁大的时候就会说三种语言了。The boy _ three languages when he was 12 years old.【答案】1.have to change2.may/might be tired3.Must you talk4.should do5.could speak.阅读理解A If you plan to take your pet on a trip，pre
29、pare ahead of time.At least two weeks before you leave，take your pet to a vet.See if he or she is fit for travel and ask if he or she should have any medicine before leaving.The vet may suggest certain pills for sickness or for calming the pet.Some states or foreign countries have health laws that s
30、ay animals must have certain injections(注射)before they can be allowed to enter.Your vet may have this information.You can also get help on the United States and Canadian laws from a book published by the Department of Agriculture which some libraries have.For information on foreign countries，check w
31、ith their consulates(领事馆)You can also ask the airlines on which you are travelling.Find out if the places where you plan to stay allow pets because many do not.If you are going by plane or train，ask if pets are allowed.If they are，ask where they will be kept and who will care for them.The big bus li
32、nes in this country do not allow pets.Choose your pets box carefully.Plastic boxes are better than cardboard or wooden ones because they can be chewed(嚼碎)If going by plane or train during warm weather，try to go in the cooler early morning or evening hours.Also try to avoid very cold winter weather b
33、ecause pets often suffer from cold.Even in your own car，be careful.Do not leave the animal inside with the windows closed because the car may become too hot or too cold.【语篇解读】本文主要围绕着要想带宠物狗旅行，应该做些什么和注意些什么展开论述。1The main idea of this passage is to _.Awarn people to leave their pets at homeBgive general
34、 information about pet travelCtell people how to choose their pet boxesDtell people about foreign pet laws【解析】通读全文我们知道文章主要观点是给出了带宠物旅行的主要信息。【答案】B2When taking a pet on a trip，a pet owner _.Adoesnt need to make any special plansBshould stay at friends homesCshould make plans before leaving homeDshould
35、travel by bus instead of plane【解析】根据第一段第一句“If you plan to take your pet on a trip，prepare ahead of time.”可知选C。【答案】C3From the passage，we can learn that _.Ait costs too much to take pets on tripsBsome pets may not be well enough to travelCall train lines treat pets exactly the sameDpets are welcome ev
36、erywhere【解析】根据全文可知一些宠物不适合旅行。【答案】B4Which person would be the most interested in this passage?AA vet.BA pet owner.CA bus driver.DA pet shop owner.【解析】根据文章大意，可知宠物的主人会对这篇文章感兴趣。【答案】BBIf you go into the forest with friends，stay with them always.If you dont，you may get lost.If you really get lost，this is w
37、hat you should do.Sit down and stay where you are.Dont try to find your friendslet them find you by staying in one place.There is another way to help your friends or other nearby people to find you.Give them a signal by shouting or whistling (吹口哨)three times.Stop.Then shout or whistle three times.An
38、y signal given three times is a call for help.Keep up the shouting or whistling always three times together.When people hear you，they will know that you are not just making noise for fun.They will let you know that they have heard your signal.They will give two shouts，two whistles or two gunshots.Wh
39、en someone gives a signal，it is an answer to a call for help.If you dont think that you will get help before night comes，try to make a little housecover up the holes with branches(树枝)with lots of leaves.Make yourself a soft bed with leaves and grass.What should you do if you get hungry or need drink
40、ing water? You will have to leave your little branch house to look for a river.Dont just walk away.Pick off small branches and drop them as you walk so that you can find your way back.The most important thing to do when you are lost isstay in one place.【语篇解读】本文介绍了如果在森林里和朋友失散了应该怎么做、怎样求助等知识。5If you ge
41、t lost in the forest，the most important thing you should do is _.Afind your friendsBlook for a riverCstay where you areDshout for help【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的Sit down and stay where you are.可知答案。【答案】C6If you want to let people believe that you are not just making noise for fun you should _.Ashout that you
42、have got lostBkeep up the shouting or whistling three times togetherCshout at the top of your voiceDshout or whistle once in a while【解析】根据第三段中Keep up the shouting or whistling always three times together.When people hear you，they will know that you are not just making noise for fun.可知答案。【答案】B7When y
43、ou hear _ shouts or whistles or gunshots，you know that _.Atwo；people will soon come to help youBthree；someone is asking for helpCthree；people will soon come to help youDtwo；someone is asking for help【解析】根据第二段中Then shout or whistle three times.Any signal given three times is a call for help.可知答案。【答案】
44、B8When you are lost in the forest，but you want to leave your place to get water，you should _.Acut marks (记号)in the trees along your wayBfind a bowl or a glass，and then go back homeCmake a fire so that you can find your way backDleave branches on the way as you go to the river【解析】根据第五段中You will have
45、to leave your little branch house to look for a river.可知答案。【答案】D.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。With the 1._(develop)of industry，air pollution is getting more and more serious.In Beijing，many people suffer different kinds of illnesses because of air pollution.Air pollution is caused by the
46、2._ (follow)reasons.It is 3._ (main)caused by vehicles.There are more and more cars，buses on the roads and they give off 4._ (poison)gases.About 25% of air pollution is caused by factories.Another factor is the smoking，5._not only does harm to smokers health but also to others.6._ these，about 10% of
47、 air pollution is caused by other reasons.We should take some measures 7._(fight)against pollution.New fuel can be used to take 8._place of gas.We can plant more trees.If everyone realizes the 9._(important)of environment and does something to stop pollution，the problem 10._(solve)【答案】1.development2
48、.following3.mainly4.poisonous5.which6.Besides7.to fight8the9.importance10.will be solved.短文改错 【导学号：98180046】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加： 在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除： 把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改： 在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意： 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)
49、不计分。This morning my parents took my sister and me to the zoo.At the noon we had a picnic on the grass.I eat too much，so I couldnt finish my sandwich.As I didnt know what to do with it，I asked my sister for advices.She pointed at the notice，that said，“No litter.”And she asked me throw the sandwich in
50、to the litterbasket.Just then I saw an elephant coming slow towards us.Suddenly an idea came into her mind.I could feed the elephant by my sandwich and I did so in the end.Seen this，my sister smiled and said，“What clever you are! ”【答案】This morning my parents took my sister and me to the zoo.At the n
51、oon we had a picnic on the grass.I too much，so I couldnt finish my sandwich.As I didnt know what to do with it，I asked my sister for .She pointed at the notice， said，“No litter.”And she asked me throw the sandwich into the litterbasket.Just then I saw an elephant coming towards us.Suddenly an idea came into mind.I could feed the elephant my sandwich and I did so in the end. this，my sister smiled and said，“ clever you are! ”