1、2021高考英语高频短语词块梳理及阅读（九）一：短语词块梳理 social customs社会习俗 cheat customers 欺骗顾客 cut down the price 降低价格 do damage to 对造成损伤 the damp weather 潮湿的天气 in danger 处于危险之中 date from/date back to 回溯到 in the dark 在黑暗中 from dawn to dark 从早到晚 in the daytime 在白天 turn a deaf ear to 对充耳不闻 how to deal with 如何处理 what to do wi
2、th a great deal of money 大笔的钱 debate with sb. 与某人辩论 be in debt欠债 pay off the debt 还清债务 for decades 数十年来 decide to do sth. 决定做某事=makea decision to do sth. =make up ones mind to do sth. =be determined to do sth. declare the war 宣战21 decline one invitation 婉拒某人的邀请22 do a good deed 做一件好事23 deep in thoug
3、ht 陷入沉思24 defeat the enemies 击败敌人25 defend ones homeland 保卫祖国26 make a clear definition 下明确的定义27 the doctoral degree 博士学位28 delay doing sth. 推迟做某事29 delicious food 美味的食物30 to ones delight 令某人高兴的是31 deliver newspaper 投递报纸32 a demanding task 一项要求高的任务33 deny doing sth. 否认做某事34 the English Department 英语
4、系35 depend on/upon 依赖；决取于=be dependent on/upon36 be independent of独立于37 deserve the praise 应得到奖励38 desire to do sth. 渴望做某事39 in despair 绝望地40 get to the destination 到达目的地二：阅读拔高训练The Silk Road is arguably the most famous long-distance trade route of the ancient world.This passage connected Europe in
5、the West with China in the East,and allowed the exchange of goods,technology,and ideas between the two civilizations.Although merchants could make huge profits traveling on the road,it was not without risk.The main Silk Road started in Changan (known today as Xian),the early Han Dynastys capital.Tra
6、velers commencing their journey from this city could take a northern route that would take them across Chinas northwestern provinces.After this,they would face the Gobi Desert,arguably the greatest danger of the Silk Road.The Gobi Desert,the largest desert in Asia,consists mainly of rocky,hard earth
7、.This feature made it easier for traders to travel across,compared to sandy deserts like the neighboring Taklimakan Desert.Like other deserts,the Gobi Desert is dry and hot,and therefore the biggest challenge travelers faced was obtaining enough water for themselves as well as for their camels.So,re
8、st stops were created along the route,allowing travelers to rest,eat and drink.These places also promoted the exchange of goods,and even ideas,amongst the travelers who stopped there.Usually,the rest stops were placed within a days journey of each other.In this way,travelers could avoid spending too
9、 much time in the desert,which would make them be targets for robbers,another danger of the Silk Road.Once through the Gobi Desert,travelers would continue their journey into Iran,Turkey,and finally Europe.While this part of the journey may have been less dangerous,it is not entirely without peril.1
10、.The underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refers to.A.making huge profitsB.traveling on the Silk RoadC.exchanging goods and ideasD.connecting different civilizations2.Why was the Gobi Desert easier to cross than other deserts?A.The deserts surface was easier to walk on.B.Camels for transporta
11、tion were easier to find.C.It was smaller and could be crossed in less time.D.There were more natural water sources available.3.What can we guess about the rest stops in the Gobi Desert?A.They offered travelers free accommodation.B.They were located around the edges of the desert.C.Travelers staying
12、 there were often attacked by criminals.D.They were shared by travelers from different countries.4.What is the passage mainly about?A.The origins of the Silk Road.B.The benefits of the Silk Road.C.The difficulties faced by Silk Road travelers.D.The cultural exchanges among Silk Road travelers.参考答案：1
13、.B代词指代题。本句是一个主从复合句,前半句为让步状语从句,前后形成转折,表示尽管穿行丝绸之路的商人可以获得高收益,但这也不是没有危险的,且下文讲到的危险也都与行走在丝绸之路上相关,所以it指代的应该是“行走在丝绸之路上”,故选B项。2.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The Gobi Desert,the largest desert in Asia,consists mainly of rocky,hard earth.This feature made it easier for traders to travel across”可知,戈壁滩之所以较好穿越是由于其地面较为坚硬、好走,故选A
14、项。3.D推理判断题。根据第四段中的“These places also promoted the exchange of goods,and even ideas,amongst the travelers who stopped there”可推知,休息站接待来自不同国家的旅客,故选D项。4.C主旨大意题。根据文章结构可知,作者在第一段给出了中心句“Although merchants could make huge profits traveling on the road,it was not without risk”,在中间几段讲述了商旅们在戈壁滩上面临的困难以及其他危险,最后一段再次强调即使过了戈壁滩,但还有其他危险等待着他们,故选C项。