1、Section Integrated Skills根据提示写出下列单词1_n诚实2_ n. 公正3_n. 贡献4_vt. 发明5_adj. 柔软的6_ n. 范畴；种类7_n. 发明家8_n. 争论；辩论；议论9_n. 自由10_n. 状况；条件；环境【答案】1.honesty2.justice3.contribution4invent5.soft6.category7.inventor8argument9.freedom10.condition根据提示补全下列短语1be proud _为自豪2_ conclusion 总之3_ the first time 第一次【答案】1.of2.in3.
2、for根据提示补全下列教材原句1However，we do_know that in 1092 AD he invented the first real clock.然而，我们的确知道在公元 1092 年他发明了第一个真正的时钟。2Cars were first used at the end of the nineteenth century，and were no_faster_than_a horse.人们最早使用汽车是在19世纪末，而且当时的汽车跑得并不比马快。阅读P49教材课文，选择最佳答案1Whats the main reason for the changes in the
3、second half of the eighteen century?AThe increase of population.BA lot of people came to towns.CThe inventions such as the steam engine were made.DPeople liked working in the town.2Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?AFactory workers lived in very poor andcrowded condi
4、tions at that time.BThousands of farmers left the countryside andwere out of work.CBefore the Industrial Revolution，factoryowners were more powerful than land owners.DIn 1830，the Industrial Revolution spreadthrough Europe to other countries.3The steam engine was first used in_.AfactoriesBfarmsCschoo
5、lsDmines4_made the population of towns and cities greatly increased.AThe invention of the steam engineBThat many factories were built in townsCThat farmers liked working in the townDThe Industrial Revolution spreading to other countries【答案】14CADB contribution n贡献；捐助物；投稿The invention of paper was a g
6、reat contribution to human civilization.纸的发明是对人类文明的一大贡献。(1)make contributions /a contribution to对做出贡献(2)contribute vi.&vt. 贡献；捐献；投稿contribute to(doing)sth. 有助于，促成contribute.to. 向捐献；向 投稿To make our country stronger, everyone should make his/her contributions(contribute)为了让我们的国家更加强大，每个人都必须做出贡献。He cont
7、ributed a lot of money_to Project Hope.他捐了很多钱给希望工程。His experiences contributed greatly to the success of his novel.他的经历对他小说的成功帮助很大。语境助记Many people contributed money to the poor boy, which contributed to his returning to school.A writer wrote this story and contributed it to a magazine.许多人给这个可怜的小男孩捐钱
8、，这使他重新回到了校园。一个作家把这个故事写了下来，并给一家杂志投稿。 be proud of 为自豪(教材P47)He is a man who(m) China can be proud of.他是一个中国可以引以为豪的人。(1)be proud to do为(能)做自豪be proud that. 为自豪(2)pride n. 骄傲；自豪take pride in 为自豪She was proud that her daughter had so much talent.她为她女儿有如此好的天赋而自豪。He is a successful businessman, and is alwa
9、ys proud_of his career.He is a successful businessman, and always takes_pride_in his career.他是个成功的商人，一直以自己的事业为傲。I feel very proud to_be(be) a part of the team.能成为队中的一员我感到十分荣幸。 argument n争论；辩论；议论(教材P47)This paragraph gives the arguments against cars.这一段给出了反对使用汽车的论据。(1)have an argument with sb.about/o
10、ver sth.就某事与某人争论(2)argue v. 争论，辩论；说服；认为argue with sb.about/over sth. 就某事与某人争论argue for 赞成argue against 反对They were having an argument about whose turn it was to do the cooking.他们为该轮到谁做饭而争吵。Im not going to argue with_you, but I think youre wrong.我不想与你争辩，但是我认为你错了。He argued against smoking, and insiste
11、d that it was beyond argument(argue) that smoking was harmful to our health.他反对吸烟，并坚持说吸烟有害我们的健康是无可争辩的。 in conclusion 总之；最后(教材P48)In conclusion，I think that cars are very useful because travel is so easy with a car.总之，我认为汽车是很有用的因为驾车旅行很方便。(1)draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion得出结论make a conclusi
12、on 下结论jump to a conclusion 匆忙下结论(2)conclude v. 得出结论；断定，推断出He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favor of the plan.他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。The conclusion they reached/arrived_at/came_to at the meeting is satisfactory.他们在会上得出的结论是令人满意的。Think before you leap.Dont jump_to_a_conclusion.三思而后行，
13、不要匆忙下结论。 for the first time 第一次(教材P49)With the Industrial Revolution，factories appeared and mass production became possible for the first time.随着工业革命的发展，工厂出现了，产品的批量生产第一次成为可能。(1)for the first time在句中只能用作时间状语，而不能用作其他成分。(2)the first time 名词词组，用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当第一次的时候”(3)This/That/It is(was) the first t
14、ime that.have(had) done 这是第一次做某事Where was the World Cup held for the first time?第一次世界杯是在哪里举行的？I knew we would be good friends the_first_time I met her.第一次见到她，我就知道我们会成为好朋友。This is the first time that I have_travelled(travel) abroad.这是我第一次出国旅游。语境助记The first time I went there, I was a bit nervous, but
15、soon was at ease.Though I went there for the first time and I had a lot of things to deal with, I adjusted myself to the new environment quickly.第一次去那里的时候，我有点儿紧张，但很快就放松下来了。虽然我是第一次到那儿，并且有很多事情要做，但我还是很快让自己适应了新环境。 condition n状况，状态；条件；环境；境况(教材P49)Often，factory workers lived in poor and crowded conditions
16、.通常，工厂工人们生活在恶劣而又拥挤的环境里。(1)be in good/bad/poor condition状态良好/不佳out of condition 健康状况不佳/条 件状况欠佳(2)on condition that 如果；在条件下on no condition 决不，无论如何都 不(位于句首，句子 要倒装)They worked hard to restore the old house to its original condition.他们努力把旧房子修复到最初的状态。The player is in very good condition, but his living co
17、nditions(condition) are very bad.这位选手的健康状况良好，但生活条件非常糟糕。You can leave school earlier_on_condition_that you can get your teachers permission.只要你能得到老师的许可，你就可以提前离开学校。【导学号：91390023】On_no_condition must you tell him what happened.你决不能将发生的事告诉他。名师点津condition表示“(工作或生活)环境”时，通常要用复数形式；而表示“状况”时，为不可数名词，表示“条件”时，则为
18、可数名词。.语境填词1Some Chinese soldiers made great _ to the search of the crashed plane which _ to more than 200 deaths.(contribute)2I wish to be an _ and will _ many useful things.(invent)3They often _ with each other, and I am bored with their _.(argue)4He is always _ of his excellent spoken English, whi
19、le his sister takes _ in her beauty.(proud)【答案】1.contributions；contributed2.inventor；invent3.argue；argument4.proud; pride .选词填空1He _ very _ being a member of the club.2_，I would like to thank everyone who has helped me.3When did you first meet him? That is, when did you meet him _？4_ the concert, th
20、e audience stood and applauded.5The room can hold _ 100 men.【答案】1.was；proud of2.In conclusion3.for the first time4.At the end of5.up to (教材P46)However，we do_know that in 1092 AD he invented the first real clock.然而，我们的确知道在公元1092年他发明了第一个真正的时钟。【要点提炼】本句“do/does/did动词原形” 构成强调句型，该句型用来强调谓语动词，其中的do/does/did
21、在句中要重读。“do/does/did动词原形”结构的用法：(1)句型只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种形式，只对肯定的谓语动词进行强调，没有否定和疑问形式。(2)若对句子其他部分进行强调，要使用强调句型：It is/was被强调部分十that.Do_write to me after you get there.你到那儿后务必给我写信。He does_work(work) hard and can finish the job in time.他的确工作努力，能及时完成任务。Why didnt you call Mary last week?你上个星期为什么没有给玛丽打电话？I did_call
22、(call) her, but the line was busy then.我确实打过，但是那时候电话占线。 (教材P48)Cars were first used at the end of the nineteenth century，and were no_faster_than a horse.人们最早使用汽车是在19世纪末，而且当时的汽车跑得并不比马快。【要点提炼】本句中no faster than意为“和一样不快”，相当于as slowly as。“no比较级than”这一结构，否定两者，含义是“前者跟后者一样不”。(1)not比较级than表示“前者不比后者更”(2)no mo
23、re than(only) 仅仅，只有not more than(at most) 至多；不超过This novel is no_more_interesting_than that one.这本小说和那本一样没趣。This novel is not_more_interesting_than that one.这本小说不如那本有趣。He is no_more_than an ordinary worker.他只不过是个普通的工人。He has not_more_than three children.他最多有三个孩子。单句改错1People think the earth doesnt mo
24、ve at all, but it do more._2Teachers think I didnt study hard, but I do study._3His English is no more than mine._【答案】1.dodoes2.dodid3.morebetter学业分层测评.单句语法填空1He had an _ (argue)with his teacher about this question in the classroom last night but they didnt reach any conclusion.2It is the first time
25、 that Mr.Smith _(visit) China.3I dont care about the price, so long as the car is _ good condition4Do you know why the river was polluted?Many different factors contributed _ the serious pollution of the river.5Being a teacher calls for your love and patience as well as some necessary skills.In _(co
26、nclude)，it is not an easy thing to do.6The children were so excited to be taken abroad _ the first time.7The dish is delicious!Well，at least its no _(bad) than the one I cooked yesterday.8In my opinion, _ (honest) is the most important part of friendship, because I hate being cheated.9From his expre
27、ssion, we know that he _(do)be crazy about music.10We take _(proud)in the great achievements of our socialist construction.【答案】1.argument2.has visited3.in4.to5.conclusion6.for7.worse8.honesty 9. does10.pride.完成句子1许多科学家对这项工程做出了巨大贡献。Many scientists _ to the project.2我们的国家在过去的三十年里经历了巨大的变化，这正是我们自豪的。Our
28、country has experienced great changes in the last thirty years, and this is what _.3总之，我想说我今天玩的是多么的开心。_， I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.4你可以使用我的电脑，条件是你要按时还我。You can use my computer _ you return it to me on time.【导学号：91390040】【答案】1.made great contributions2.we are proud of3.
29、In conclusion4.on condition that.阅读理解AThere have been many natural disasters since ancient times.In order to fight against violence of nature and improve peoples life, many scientists created lots of inventions.Here is one of them.Zhang Heng (78AD139AD)was a great astronomer, mathematician, artist a
30、nd literary scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty of China.Born in todays Nanyang County, Henan, he was a good writer at 12.At the age of 16, he left home to pursue his studying in the capital city.He spent at least 10 years of his youth in literary studies and writing.He published several wellrecogniz
31、ed literary writings.Much to everyones amazement, he turned to astronomy after age 30 and at last he succeeded.In the year 123 he corrected the calendar to bring it into line with the seasons.In 132 Zhang Heng invented the first seismograph(地震仪) for measuring earthquakes.His device was in the shape
32、of a cylinder(圆柱) with eight dragon heads around the top, each with a ball in its mouth.Around the bottom were eight frogs, each directly under a dragon head.When an earthquake occurred，a ball fell out of the dragons mouth into a frogs mouth, making a noise.He also invented the odometer(里程表)Zhang He
33、ng was the first person in China to construct a rotating celestial globe(旋转浑天仪)In one of his publications he also submitted 3.1466.He made great contributions to the development of Chinese ancient mathematics.【语篇解读】本文主要讲了张衡的生平以及他做出的贡献。1Whats the passage mainly about?AZhang Heng a famous astronomer.B
34、Modern scientists and their inventions.CZhang Heng and his contributions.DZhang Heng and his hobbies.【解析】主旨大意题。全篇主要介绍了张衡和他做出的贡献，C项符合题意。A项内容尽管正确，但不全面，不能概括全文意思；B项内容与文章内容不符，张衡是我国古代科学家，不属于现代；D项内容也不符合文章意思，文章并没有叙述张衡的爱好。【答案】C2Zhang Heng first began to study astronomy _.Ain the year 108Bafter the year 94Caf
35、ter the year 108Din the year 123【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Zhang Heng(78 AD139 AD) was a great astronomer .”和最后一句“he turned to astronomy after age 30”可知C项正确。【答案】C3Which is NOT true according to the passage?AZhang Heng did well in literary studies and writing.BZhang Heng invented the calendar.CZhang Heng was
36、 the first person in China to construct a rotating celestial globe.DZhang Heng also put forward 3.1466.【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“In the year 123 he corrected the calendar to bring it into line with the seasons.”可知B项与文章内容不符，张衡只是修正了历法，使之与季节相符合，而不是发明了历法。根据文章第二段中的“He published several wellrecognized literary w
37、ritings.”可知A项符合原文意思；根据最后一段第一、二句可知，C项和D项符合文章意思。【答案】B4The underlined word “submitted” in the last paragraph means “_”AwonBrescuedCrepairedDproposed【解析】词义猜测题。结合单词所在句子的语境可推测submitted应为“提出，主张”的意思。【答案】DBAlmost every machine with moving parts has wheels，yet no one knows exactly when the first wheel was inv
38、ented or what it was used for.We do know，however，that they existed over 5,500 years ago in ancient Asia.The oldest known transport wheel was discovered in 2002 in Slovenia.It is over 5,100 years old.Evidence suggests that wheels for transport didnt become popular for a while，though.This could be bec
39、ause animals did a perfectly good job of carrying farming tools and humans around.But it could also be because of a difficult situation.While wheels need to roll on smooth surfaces，roads with smooth surfaces werent going to be constructed until there was plenty of demand for them.Eventually，road sur
40、faces did become smoother，but this difficult situation appeared again a few centuries later.There had been no important changes in wheel and vehicle design before the arrival of modern road design.In the mid1700s，a Frenchman came up with a new design of roada base layer(层)of large stones covered wit
41、h a thin layer of smaller stones.A Scotsman improved on this design in the 1820s and a strong，lasting road surface became a reality.At around the same time，metal hubs(the central part of a wheel)came into being，followed by the pneumatic tyre(充气轮胎)in 1846.Alloy wheels were invented in 1967，sixty year
42、s after the appearance of tarmacked roads(柏油路)As wheel design took off，vehicles got faster and faster.5What might explain why transport wheels didnt become popular for some time?AFew knew how to use transport wheels.BHumans carried farming tools just as well.CAnimals were a good means of transport.D
43、The existence of transport wheels was notknown.【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“This could be because animals did a perfectly good job of carrying farming tools and humans around.”可知，由于当时动物使用的方便使得轮子一时没能普及。【答案】C6What do we know about road design from the passage?AIt was easier than wheel design.BIt improved after
44、 big changes in vehicle design.CIt was promoted by fastmoving vehicles.DIt provided conditions for wheel design todevelop.【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“There had been no important changes in wheel and vehicle design before the arrival of modern road design.”可知，在现代的道路设计之前，轮子和车辆的设计是没有重大变化的。故选D项。【答案】D7How is the
45、 last paragraph mainly developed?ABy giving examples.BBy making comparisons.CBy following time order.DBy making classifications.【解析】文章结构题。根据第四段中的时间数据mid1700s,1820s,1846,1967可知，整个段落是按时间顺序展开说明的。【答案】C8What is the passage mainly about?AThe beginning of road design.BThe development of transport wheels.CT
46、he history of public transport.DThe invention of fastmoving vehicles.【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了轮子的发展历程以及道路设计对车轮发展的影响，故选B项。【答案】B.阅读填句根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A good book can be satisfying.If reading is a habit youd like to get into, there are some ways to develop it.Realize that reading is enj
47、oyable if you have a good book.If you have a difficult book and you are forcing yourself through it, it will seem like a task._1_Set time.You should have some time during every day when youll read for at least 5 to 10 minutes._2_ For example, make it a habit to read during breakfast and lunch and ev
48、en dinner if you eat alone.Always carry a book._3_ When I leave the house, I always make sure to have my car keys and one book at hand.The book stays with me in the car, and I take it into the office and to appointments and pretty much everywhere I go._4_ Find a place in your home where you can sit
49、in a comfortable chair.Dont lie down unless youre going to sleep.There shouldnt be a television or a computer near the chair, and no music or no noisy family members/roommates.If you dont have a place like this, create one.Reduce television/the Internet.If you really want to read more, try cutting b
50、ack on time on TV or the Internet._5_ But remember: every minute you reduce of the Internet/TV, you could use for reading.This could create hours of book reading time.AWherever you go, take a book with you.BGo to bookstores.CHave some good tea or coffee while you read.DFind a quiet place.EThis may be difficult for some people.FIf this happens, give up the book and find another one that youll really love.GIt means you will read no matter how busy you are.【答案】15FGADE
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