1、Unit 3Back to the past古罗马帝国不仅仅在政治上强大，版图上辽阔，它所创造的古罗马文化在哲学、文学、建筑等方面，也是全人类巨大的精神财富，是世界古典文化中的瑰宝。让我们来了解一下罗马帝国是怎样瓦解的吧。Scientific assumption：the real cause of the Roman Empire collapsingClimate change could have been responsible for bringing down the Roman Empire，scientists believe.Researchers studied ancie
2、nt tree growth rings to show links between climate change and major events in human history such as migrations，plagues(瘟疫)and the rise and fall of empires.They discovered that periods of warm，wet weather coincided with periods of prosperity，while droughts or varying conditions occurred at times of p
3、olitical upheaval (剧变) such as the demise (消亡) of the Roman Empire.To match the environmental record with the historical one，researchers looked at more than 7,200 tree fossils from the past 2,500 years.The study, published in the journal Science，said：The rise and fall of past civilizations have been
4、 associated with environmental change，mainly due to effects on water supply and agricultural productivity, human health and civil conflict.Wet and warm summers occurred during periods of Roman and Medieval prosperity.Increased climate variability(多变)from AD 250 to 600 coincided with the demise of th
5、e Western Roman Empire and the turmoil (动乱)of the Migration Period.1assumption n假定，假设2coincide v. 碰巧，同时发生 3prosperity n. 昌盛，繁荣 4productivity n. 生产力；生产效率 5conflict n. 冲突，矛盾 1Whats the real cause of the Roman Empire collapsing according to scientists?_2Why is the rise and fall of empires associated wi
6、th environmental change?_【答案】1.Climate change.2Because it affects water supply and agricultural productivity，human health and civil conflict.Section Welcome to the unit & ReadingPreparing根据提示写出下列单词1_ n讲座2_ vt. 兴建，创建3_ vi. 涌流，倾泻 vt. 倒出(液体)4_ adj. 不幸的，遗憾的5_ vt. 装饰，装潢6_ vt. 毁坏，摧毁7_ adj. 富有的，富裕的8_ adj.
7、文化的9_ n. 材料；物质 adj. 物质的10_ adv.& adj. 在附近(的)11_ n. 文明12_ vi. (火山等)爆发13_ vt.&vi. 逃避，逃跑；迅速离开14_ n. 研究者，调查者15_ n. 灾难16_ adv. 渐渐地，逐渐地17_ n. 学者18_ n. 废墟；毁坏 vt. 破坏，毁灭19_ n. 遗物，遗迹，遗骸20_ vi. 爆炸【答案】1.lecture2.found3.pour4unfortunate5.decorate6.destroy7.wealthy8cultural9.material10.nearby11.civilization12erup
8、t13.flee14.researcher15.disaster16.gradually17.scholar18.ruin19.remains20.explode看单词学构词前缀un表示“不”，常用于形容词、副词前表示否定，如：unusual不寻常的；unwise不明智的；unknown不知名的；uncomfortable不舒服的；unhappy不高兴的；undoubtedly毫无疑问地；unexpectedly未预料到地等。根据提示补全下列短语1protect._.保护免受2be known_ 作为而出名3take_ 夺取；接管4be buried_ 被活埋5turn_ 证明是6togeth
9、er_ 和一起7cut_ 砍倒8break_ 毁掉；(身体)垮掉； (谈判等)失败；分解【答案】1.from2.as3.over4.alive5.out6.with7.down8.down根据提示补全下列教材原句1Next week we are_flying to China，and going to Loulan，which is known as Chinas Pompeii in the desert.下周我们将飞往中国，前往楼兰众所周知的“沙漠中的中国庞贝”。2Near_the_city_was a volcano.在城市附近有一座火山。3Many people were burie
10、d alive，and so_was_the_city.许多人被活埋了，整个城市也被掩埋。4Today I saw the ancient Roman city of Pompeii as_it_was 2,000 years ago.今天我看到了罗马古城庞贝，它就跟两千年前一模一样。5It_is_believed_to_have_been_gradually_covered over by sandstorms from AD 200 to AD 400.人们相信， 从公元200年到400年期间它被沙尘暴逐渐吞没。阅读P42P43教材课文，选择最佳答案1Among the following
11、 statements, which is TRUE about Pompeii?AIt was once a rich city of Italy.BIt was buried about 2,000 years ago, but now it has restored its prosperity.CIt was buried on 24th August AD 89.DOnly the city, without its people, was buried.2From the view of the Pompeii city, we can see _.Athe whole city
12、was well designed at that timeBthe ever existing civilization and development of the cityCthat everything in the city was well kept as they were 2,000 years agoDboth A and B3Loulan is called Chinas Pompeii in the desert because _.Aboth of them once had great civilizationsBboth of them once had simil
13、ar building structuresCthey were both destroyed by volcano eruptionDthey were both powerful in the ancient past4Pompeii and Loulan are almost the same in many ways EXCEPT that _.Athey once were the most flourish cities in the world, but now deserted onesBthey were all destroyed directly by the force
14、 of natureCthey were found by peasantsDthey all represented the most advanced civilization at that time【答案】14ADAC阅读P42P43教材课文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式1_Pompeii in Italy and Loulan in China became lost 2._(civilization) about 2,000 years ago.Pompeii 3._(found) in the 8th century BC and was taken
15、4._ by the Romans in 89 BC.5._24th Aug.AD 79, a volcano 6. _(erupt) and the city was buried alive.Loulan was a 7._(stop) point on the Silk Road.It was covered by 8._(sandstorm)There are the remains of buildings 9._(leave)Some material, such 10._ silk, documents and wall paintings，was found by Sven.【答案】1.Both2.civilizations3.was founded4.over5.On6.erupted7.stopping 8sandstorms9.left10.as