1、Unit 3Inventors and inventions【导语】你想知道白领最痛恨的两个现代发明是什么吗？请看网上公布的结果。An online post listing office peoples two mosthated modern inventions is gaining popularity.Number one：The punch machine.32yearold Mr Zhang works for an IT company.He lists the punch machine as his number one workday enemy after a numb
2、er of unavoidable incidents made him late to punch in for work.Zhang says most of his colleagues are hardworking people，but they feel like the boss doesnt trust them when he uses a machine to evaluate their performance.Zhang plans to find another job at a company that does not use a punch machine.Nu
3、mber two: Instant noodles.More and more people today realize that instant noodles do not make a healthy meal，but lack of time forces many whitecollar workers to eat them instead of a regular dinner.27yearold Mr Zhu is a salesperson who is so busy at work that he doesnt even have time to wash his soc
4、ks.He regularly eats fast food takeaways or instant noodles for dinner.【词海拾贝】1punch n打洞器，打卡器2unavoidable adj.不可避免的3takeaway n外卖食物【问题思考】1Why do some employees want to find a job in a company without punch machines?_答案：Because they feel less trusted when evaluated with the punch machine.2Why do whitec
5、ollar workers have to eat instant noodles?_答案：Because they are always so busy at work.为单词选择正确的释义1courtyardA直升机2perfume B鉴定；辨认；确定；身份证明3valid C清白的；无罪的；天真的4string D三角形；三角形物体5identification E有效的；确凿的6innocent F院子；庭院；天井7lantern G版本；译本8helicopter H线；绳子；一串9triangle I香水；香味10version J灯笼；提灯答案：1F2I3E4H5B6C7J8A9
6、D10G.根据所给汉语提示写出单词1_ n专利证书；专利权2_ n产品3_ n粉末；火药4_ n立方体；立方5_ vt.抓住；捉住；夺6_ n文件；档案；文件夹7_ adj.冰冻的；严寒的8_ vt.拨(电话)9_ vt.忍受；忍耐；负担10_ n额头答案：1.patent2.product3.powder4.cube5.seize6.file7.freezing8.dial9.bear10.forehead.根据英语释义写出单词1_：suddenly2_：very easy and suitable3_：tell the difference4_：kind and forgivable5_：
7、without any stain6_：standard7_：not positive，negative8_：happy，pleased9_：carefulness10_：strong hope or beliefs11_：small round mark12_：a light hit with your hand or fingers13_：full of or producing power and activity14_：firmly established or fixed; not likely to move or change15_：(cause to) join as frie
8、nds or business partners16_：of the present time；happening now17_：(an example of) the act of extending or being extended18_：effective or convenient in actual use19_：the ability to do something well or effectively答案：1.abruptly2.convenient3.distinguish4merciful5.stainless6.criterion7.passive8merry9.cau
9、tion10.expectation11.dot12tap13.dynamic14.stable15.associate16current17.extension18.practical19competence.选用正确短语的适当形式完成句子call up；now and then；distinguish between.and.；set about；with caution；dive into；set out；be associated with；hang on；out of order；get through；ring back；ring off1Sorry，I have to _Its
10、time for me to go to work.答案：ring off2There is a sign over there saying the lift is _，so well have no choice but to run up the stairs.答案：out of order3With face masks，air tanks and diving suits，men can _ deep water and be at home with the fish.答案：dive into4These concerns may _ strong feelings such as
11、 anger or shame.答案：be associated with5Whats wrong with your telephone? I cant _ all the time.答案：get through6After he got in touch with the Red Cross，Mr Green _ to help these homeless women and children to a safe place.答案：set out7Please _I will write down your telephone number and let him ring back l
12、ater.答案：hang on8Hes not in; why dont you _ after 6 oclock?答案：ring back9Oh，my dear! Could you _ right _ wrong?答案：distinguish betweenand10Dad always drives _，so he is recognized as one of the best drivers.答案：with caution11The picture _ him _ the time when he was brought up in the village.答案：calledup12
13、As soon as my mother came home after work，she _ preparing dinner for us.答案：set about13While giving the speech，Mr Li referred to his notebook _答案：now and then课文表层理解.判断正(T)误(F)1In this passage，the writer wanted to encourage the readers to consider carefully the problems in daily life.(T)2The writer wa
14、s successful to catch the snakes in the second attempt.(F)3An inventor can easily get the patent for the invention.(F)4If you have a scientific theory or mathematical model，you can get a patent.(F)5If your inventions pass the test，your application for a patent will be published 17 months from the da
15、te you apply.(F).读课文回答问题1What was the mother upset about?_答案：A family of snakes had made their home near the house.2How did the snakes react in the first attempt?_答案：They escaped immediately.3Why was the writer happy to help her mother?_答案：Because it gave her an opportunity to help her mother and in
16、vent something to catch the snakes without hurting them at the same time.4Why did cooling make the snake less active?_答案：Snakes dont have a way of keeping warm in their bodies.They get warmth from the sun and become more active at this time.When the sun goes down at night they cool down and become l
17、ess active.So extra cooling to the snake would make them even less active and easier to catch.读课文完成表格StagesPara(s)Detailed reading1.Find a problem1When 1._ my mother on the phone，I learned that snakes came near our house 2._. I decided to 3._ myself by finding out a way to catch snakes without harmi
18、ng them.2.Do research2The first thing I did was to see if there were any 4._ to help me. I 5._ researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them.3.Think of a creative solution3I decided on cooling them for it was easy to catch them. I bought an icecream maker which was made of 6.
19、_ steel.I also prepared some icecubes.4.Test the solution46At my first attempt，the snakes were less active but they were still too fast for me.They 7._ disappeared into a 8._ hole in the wall. Later，I made two attempts.Finally，I succeeded at my third attempt.5.Decide on the invention7Pressed by my f
20、riends and relations，I decided to 9._ the opportunity to get recognition for my successful idea by sending my invention to the patent office.The 10._ are very strict and the ideas must be novel and my claim must be valid.6.Apply for a patent8I have filled in the form and filed my patent application
21、with the Patent Office.Now its a matter of waiting and hoping.答案：1.calling up2.now and then3.distinguish4products5.set about6.stainless7.abruptly8convenient9.seize10.criteria课文深层理解.主旨匹配Part 1(Para 1)Athe research on the approachesPart 2(Paras 23) Bthe attempts to catch the snakesPart 3(Paras 46) Cth
22、e requirements of getting a patentPart 4(Paras 78) Dthe discovery of the problems of snakes答案：Part 1DPart 2APart 3BPart 4C.单项选择1The Purpose of writing this text is _Ato show us how to trap the snakes but not to kill themBto tell people how to apply for a patent for the writers new ideaCto introduce
23、the writers new idea of trapping the snakes and her application for a patentDto tell the readers how to get a new idea andmake it a patent答案：C2Why did the writer leave everything overnight at her second attempt?ABecause the writer was afraid that the icecubes would melt.BBecause the writer thought t
24、he snakes could be less active when the temperature was low.CBecause the writer wouldnt bother to take them back.DBecause the snakes were poisonous.答案：B3The biggest advantage of the writers new idea is that _Ait makes the snakes move slowlyBit makes the snakes hardly bite usCit is easier for us to k
25、ill the snakes without hurting ourselvesDit is easier for us to catch the snakes without killing them答案：D4What instruments were used for catching the snakes?Aa bowl，icecubes，male perfumeBa bowl，a bucket，female perfumeCa small net，icecubes，a bucket，a bowlDa small net，a bucket，powders答案：C5Which of the
26、 following statements is NOT true?AIf an invention passes all the tests，it will be 18 months before the application for a patent is published.BIf you have designed a series of computer programmes，you can apply for a research patent.CUnless your product is discovered really different from everybody e
27、lses，you wont receive a patent.DWhen a product is accepted and honoured a patent，the inventor will get money.答案：B.感悟下列句子所用句型并尝试译成汉语1The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me，but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes._答案：我所做的第一件事就是看看有没有现成的产品能帮助我，
28、但看来只有一种毒杀虫蛇的药粉。2Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor._答案：只有获得了那种认证后，你才可以说是一个真正的发明家。3The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel._答案：(评价)标准是很严格的；除非新的想法是很新颖的，否则很难被接受。写一封求职信1求职信属于正式信函，开头称呼应为：Dear si
29、r/madam。在行文上要注意使用礼貌用语，如开头时写I would love to work in your company.等。结尾时写Id appreciate it if you can call me or write back to me.或者Thank you for your attention！等之类的话，让读信者感到求职者的礼貌和真诚。在介绍自己情况的时候要注意句子之间的联系，使用必要的连接语，如：and，whats more，besides或者表示顺序的词语，如：firstly.finally等，让文章连贯通顺。长短句要交替使用，正确使用并列句和复合句，避免文章单调，这样
30、显得错落有致。2.求职信可分为三部分：第一部分：开头称呼语及说明申请的具体理由，如见广告应征、熟人介绍等。第二部分：主体部分，即介绍个人的情况。包括个人的基本情况：个人信息、工作经历、个人技能等。第三部分：结束语。希望对方积极考虑，尽早答复或同意请求。【典型句式】1I wish to apply for the position advertised in the newspaper of November 12.2I am writing in response to your advertisement for.3I learn from your advertisement in.tha
31、t you are looking for a.4I have received an English education，and have a slight knowledge of Spanish.I took a Spanish course in college.5I love and am good at English，which may be important to the work.6At school I won a scholarship and the first prize in a speech contest.7Since leaving school，I hav
32、e attended typewriting and shorthand classes.8For the past three years，I have been in the office of the.Trading Co.，where I have been an accountant.9Since my graduation two years ago，I have been employed in.Hotel as a cashier.10I request an interview，and assure you that if appointed，I will do my bes
33、t to give you satisfaction.11Looking forward to your reply.12I would be very grateful if you could send me more information about the post available.阅读下面一则广告，按照要求完成写作任务。EIL International English Summer CampVolunteer WantedEIL was founded in Britain in 1936 with the fundamental aim of international u
34、nderstanding “Learn to live together by living together.”Requirements：Over 16；good knowledge of English; outgoing；working well with children between 720Activities：Language study，outdoor recreation and travelCampers：Students from different countriesCampsite: Mount Wuyi，FujianTime：July 26August 9Appli
35、cation deadline: July 15，2013If interested，please email to info eiuk.org.假如你是李华，这则广告引起了你的兴趣，请用英文写一封求职信。要点如下：1.对夏令营主题的理解。2根据招聘要求自我介绍。3参加夏令营的目的。注意：1.信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总数。2词数：100左右。Dear sir，Im Li Hua from Guangdong._Im looking forward to your early reply.Sincerely yours，Li Hua【写作要点】1第一段表明对这个活动的了解。2第二段阐明自
36、己的优势。3第三段结束语。【范文点评】范文点评Dear Sir，Im_Li_Hua_from_GuangdongWhen I was reading the advertisement，the aim of this activity impressed_me_greatlyI think it_instructive_to_learn_to_live_together_by_living_togetherIt is a_good_opportunity_for_the_only_child_like_me_to_learn_to_share_and_work_togetherTherefor
37、e，I_recommend_myself_to_you_without_hesitationAs a_boy_of_17，I am outgoing，good_at_English_and_have_experience_of_working_well_with_children_aged_from_7_to_12I think it is a kind or winwin activity.For one thing，I can help take care of the children.For another，I can improve my English，make more frie
38、nds and enrich my life during the summer vacation.If further information about my qualification is needed，please feel free to let me know.I_am_looking_forward_to_your_early_replySincerely yours，Li Hua这是一封自荐信，格式标准，内容简洁明了，用词精练、恰到好处，写出自己的优点，语气诚恳。开篇简要介绍自己。表现出对夏令营的向往。点明写信目的。详细介绍自己。最后写出希望假如你是李华，25岁，2015年毕
39、业于山东大学英语系，英语口语好。毕业之前当了3年英语导游。对英文秘书工作有兴趣。看到报纸上某公司招聘英文秘书的广告，于是想去该公司应聘，请根据个人情况写一封求职信。要包括以下几点：1说明自己的情况：姓名，年龄，学历，特长，工作，经验以及兴趣爱好等。2看到报纸上的广告，很想应聘英文秘书。3表示自己的诚意。写作要求：1本文要求写一封求职信。要按照书信格式书写，并且应包含全部要点。2行文时，语气要符合求职者的口气，要有礼貌。3内容要充实，行文要连贯。要恰当地使用关联词，尽量使用非谓语动词及较复杂的句型。4要注意书写正确。5词数100左右。_答案：Dear sir/madam，Having read
40、your ad in the newspaper，I hope to get the job as an English secretary in your company.My name is Li Hua，a healthy girl of 25 and I am 1.7 metres tall.I graduated from the English Department of Shandong University in 2015.I can speak fluent English and can write in English as well as read all kinds
41、of articles in English.Whats more，skillful in operating computer，I can type 100 words per minute.With three years guide experience in a Travel Corporation，I could make myself generally useful，if there should be any opportunity of your requiring my services.I want very much to be accepted by your com
42、pany.Ill work hard for your company.Please reply if I suit you.Thank you for your attention.Yours，Li Hua.单句语法填空在句中空白处填上适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1The two teachers have different _ (expect) of their students.答案：expectations2She was awarded an honorary degree in _ (recognize) of her work in the community
43、.答案：recognition3They asked her to be _ (mercy) to the prisoners.答案：merciful4My friend gave me a set of _ (stain) knives and forks.答案：stainless5They sang and danced _ (merry) in the street after they won the football match last night.答案：merrily6It is hard to distinguish him _ his twin brother.答案：from
44、7Can I speak to Mr Li，please?Hang _Hes in the next door and Ill call him for you.答案：on8Only in this seaside resort can you enjoy all the comfort and _ (convenient) of modern tourism.答案：convenience9While _ (stay) in Italy，he made a few good friends.答案：staying10He set about _ (work) directly he arrive
45、d at the office.答案：working.完成句子1I decided to _(抓住这个机会，提高自己)答案：seize the opportunity to improve myself2Only when he returned _只有当他回来的时候我们才查明了真相。答案：did we find out the truth3You will fall _(除非你努力工作)答案：unless you work hard4At the foot of the mountain _山脚下有个村庄。答案：lies a village5_ (好像有)a heavy rain here
46、yesterday.答案：There seemed to be6Get to the top of the tower building _.到达塔楼顶部，你可以看到全城。答案：where you can see the whole city7After hearing the shout of the police，the thief _ (突然地跑掉了)答案：ran away abruptly8Only when one loses freedom _只有在一个人失去自由的时候，才知道自由的可贵。答案：does one know its value9_ (我不方便去购物)this week
47、end unless I finish reading all the files.答案：It is not convenient for me to go shopping10Now until the motorbike looked almost new _ repairing and cleaning it.直到摩托车看着几乎全新了他才停止维修清理。答案：did he stop.阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Spinning (动感单车) was created by worldclass cyclist Jonathan Goldber
48、g as a convenient and quick way to train for races.In 1989，he and John Baudhuin opened the first spinning centre in Santa Monica，California and then developed a programme to certify (授予合格证书) other spinning instructors.Curious to know about this spinning thing? The following information will help you
49、 decide if its for you.Spinning is an aerobic (有氧的) exercise that takes place on a specially designed stationary (固定的) bicycle called a spinning bike.As you pedal，music plays and the instructor talks you through an imagination of an outdoor cycling workout：“Youre going up a long hill now.”During the
50、 class you vary your pacesometimes pedalling as fast as you can，other times pedalling slowly from a standing position.Spinning burns serious calories and makes your heart pump fast.It also strengthens your muscles.Although you follow the general instructions of the spinning teacher，you are in contro
51、l when it comes to your pace.You can finish a spin class，regardless of your fitness level，simply by adjusting your pace.Equipment needed：Other than the bike，heres what you need for a safe，comfortable ride：A pair of comfortable shoes.Two towels，one for wiping away sweat and one for covering the handl
52、ebars so your hands wont slide out of position.A full water bottle，because youre going to sweat.Most spinning bikes are equipped with a water bottle cage so you can place your water within easy reach.Hot Tip：Arrive 10 to 15 minutes early for your first class so your instructor can answer any questio
53、ns and help you with bike adjustments.Make sure you let him/her know about any injuries that you have so he/she can help you change some of the moves.During class，be sure to let your instructor know if you are having trouble with the general technique.If the class is too hard，just pedal more slowly.
54、【语篇解读】动感单车，一项能够使全身得到锻炼的有氧运动。1What was Goldbergs original purpose in creating spinning? ATo certify spinning instructors. BTo prepare for sports events. CTo strengthen muscles. DTo improve fitness level.解析：细节理解题。由文章开头第一句话可知，戈德堡最初发明动感单车是为比赛而准备的一种简单快捷的训练方式。答案：B2Which of the following is NOT the necessi
55、ty needed for spinning?ATowels.BA water bottle.CComfortable shoes. DEarphones.解析：细节理解题。文章倒数第二、三、四段提到了A、B、C三项，D项没有提到。答案：D3What can we learn from the passage?ASpinning is as difficult as climbing a hill.BYou decide for yourself the pace of pedalling.CPedalling fast is likely to cause injuries.DPlaying
56、 music will disturb you in spinning.解析：推理判断题。由第三段第三句及最后一段最后一句可以推断出踩踏板的速度是由练习者自己决定的。答案：B4From the passage we learned the following EXCEPT that _Aspinning can help people reduce fat Bspinning will make people feel thirsty Cspinning is an outdoor exercise Dyoure advised to arrive at the first class ear
57、lier解析：细节理解题。由第二段第二句可知，动感单车不是户外运动。由第三段第一句可以得出A项；由倒数第二段第一句可以得出B项；由最后一段第一句可以得出D项。答案：C5What is the best title for the passage?ASpinning your way to good healthBWorldclass cyclist Jonathan GoldbergCA new form of aerobic exerciseDEquipment needed for spinning解析：主旨大意题。B、D两项仅仅提到文章中的一部分；C项太含糊，读者看过标题之后依然会困惑：
58、文章讲的是什么有氧运动。A项既提到了spinning，又提到了它对健康有好处，使读者一目了然。答案：A .七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。I worked for a short time as a cashier (出纳员) at a restaurant a few months ago._1_ One night，just before Christmas，I found a large black wallet on the floor near one of the tables.I guessed I should have
59、checked it to find out who was the owner，but I was busy at the time.Also，I imagined that if the wallet contained anything valuable，the owner would be back.An hour later，a man came up to the counter (柜台)_2_ I asked him to describe the lost wallet，and after he described it exactly，I gave him the walle
60、t.He expressed his sincere thanks when I handed it to him.He asked me if I had opened it，and when I told him “No”，he opened it right away and showed that it contained nearly D|S800 in cash (现金)_3_“A reward for your honesty，”he said and then turned and walked away._4_I began wondering whether I would
61、 have been so honest if I had known what was in the wallet！I thought that if there had been no way to find the owner and no one had returned to claim (认领) it，I might have kept it.But it also came into my mind that I had in fact saved someones Christmas plans by finding and returning the wallet._5_ T
62、he good feeling it gave me was worth more than anything money could buy.AHe looked quite worried and asked if anyone had found a wallet.BLater I thought about it again.CTo my surprise，he took out a twentydollar bill and handed it to me.DSo I didnt return the wallet until the owner returned.EI wanted
63、 to be honest，so I didnt care much about money.FI also helped clear off the tables when it was especially busy.GFor quite a long time I kept happy whenever I thought about it.答案：1.F2.A3.C4.B5.G.完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thomas Edison tried two thousand different materials to
64、make the light bulb.When none worked satisfactorily，his assistant _1_，“All our work is in vain.We have learned nothing.”Thomas Edison replied very _2_，“Oh，we have come a long way and we have _3_ a lot.We now know that there are two thousand materials which we cannot _4_ to make a good light bulb.”If
65、 we learn from our mistakes，then we are _5_If we learn from someone elses mistakes，then we are geniuses.Success is nothing more than a few simple disciplines _6_ daily and failure is nothing more than a few small _7_ repeated daily.How _8_ the above lines are! Success takes _9_Well make mistakes _10
66、_ we do things in too much of a hurry.When we do not practise disciplines in life，we dont build enough confidence to _11_ new and challenging tasks which are important and matter in life.Our confidence _12_ what we think of ourselves and whether we believe in ourselves.We are all born with exception
67、al _13_，but only a few really _14_ their true potentials and make efforts in life and the others just lead a(n) _15_ life.Do you want to be exceptional?Success is a fruit which everyone wants to _16_ but it is not found everywhere and no one can _17_ it without serious efforts.Those who want to succ
68、eed will find a way；those who dont will find a(n) _18_！Success depends upon previous _19_，and without it we will end in failure.When you are _20_，please enjoy it and give your hand to others who want to accomplish something.【语篇解读】本文以爱迪生发明灯泡和他的助手谈话为例，说明一个人只要善于从错误中学习，就会变得有智慧，最终就能成功。1. AcelebratedBcomp
69、lainedCexplained Danswered解析：由爱迪生的助手所说的话可知，他有点儿灰心，所以他就开始“抱怨(complained)”。答案：B2. Aconfidently BmadlyCcarelessly Dangrily解析：由后面爱迪生所说的话可知，爱迪生对发明锲而不舍，所以他对自己的工作充满了“信心”。答案：A3. Aremembered BrefusedClearned Dordered解析：由爱迪生的乐观态度可知，他认为他们已经“学到了(learned)”很多。上文中助手的话也有提示。答案：C4. Atest BignoreCinvent Duse解析：实验证明有2
70、000多种材料不能“用来(use)”做电灯泡。答案：D5A.healthy BenthusiasticCintelligent Dgenerous解析：此处与下句的geniuses呼应：如果一个人善于从自己的错误中学习，那他就会变得“明智(intelligent)”。答案：C6A.shown BpreventedCrecorded Dpractised解析：成功就是每天要“实践(practise)”的一些简单的行为准则。答案：D7A.errors BmachinesCjobs Dsteps解析：失败来自每天重复犯的“小错误(errors)”。答案：A8A.common BstrangeCfam
71、iliar Dtrue解析：这里用true表示作者完全认同上面那些话。答案：D9A.effect BtimeCdrugs Droles解析：由下一句可知，成功需要时间。答案：B10A.as though Bso thatCunless Dif解析：如果太着急就会犯错误。if在此引导一个条件状语从句。答案：D11A.keep BattemptCgive Dsee解析：没有自信心，我们就无法“尝试(attempt)”新的具有挑战性的任务。答案：B12A.depends on Bsets asideCturns down Dsets up解析：由上下文可知，我们的自信“取决于(depend on)”
72、我们对自己的看法。答案：A13A.appearances BexperiencesCqualities Dfeelings解析：我们每个人生来都具有特殊的“品质(qualities)”。其他选项不符合常理。答案：C14A.own BrealizeCprovide Dresearch解析：但是只有一少部分人“认识到(realize)”自己的潜能。答案：B15A.active BhardCrich Daverage解析：此处选“平庸的(average)”与上下文中的exceptional对比。答案：D16A.sell BdrawCeat Dpraise解析：成功就像人人都想“吃(eat)”的水果，
73、此处用来比喻人人都想拥有成功。答案：C17A.achieve BwatchCoffer Drecognize解析：不付出努力，你就无法“获得(achieve)”成功。答案：A18A.story BexcuseCkey Dplan解析：想成功的人总是寻找办法，而不想成功的人总是寻找“借口(excuse)”。答案：B19A.preparation BinfluenceClife Dgeneration解析：人精心准备就会成功，反之注定会失败。答案：A20A.powerful BwonderfulCsuccessful Dhopeful解析：当你“成功(successful)”时，享受它并帮助其他想取得成就的人。答案：C